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Trail: Creating a GUI with JFC/Swing

Lesson: Using Swing Components

How to Make DialogsSeveral classes support dialogswindows that are more limited thanframes. To create simple, standard

dialogs, you use theJOptionPane class. TheProgressMonitorclass can put up a dialog that

shows the progress of an operation. Two other classes,JColorChooserandJFileChooser, alsosupply standard dialogs. To bring up a print dialog, you can use either the getPrintJob method defined

in theToolkit class or, if youre using the Java 2 platform, the Printing API. To create custom

dialogs, use the JDialog class directly.

The code for simple dialogs can be minimal. For example, heres an

informational dialog:

Here is the code that creates and shows it:

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, Eggs arentsupposed to be green.);

The rest of this section covers the following topics:

An Overview of Dialogs

The DialogDemo Example

JOptionPane Features

Creating and Showing Simple Dialogs

Customizing Button Text Getting the Users Input from a Dialog

Stopping Automatic Dialog Closing

The Dialog API

Examples that Use Dialogs

An Overview of Dialogs

Every dialog is dependent on a frame. When that frame is destroyed, so are its dependent dialogs. When

the frame is iconified, its dependent dialogs disappear from the screen. When the frame is deiconified, its

dependent dialogs return to the screen. The AWT automatically provides this behavior.

A dialog can be modal. When a modal dialog is visible, it blocks user input

to all other windows in the program. The dialogs that JOptionPane providesare modal. To create a non-modal dialog, you must use the JDialog class

directly.

The JDialog class is a subclass of the AWTjava.awt.Dialog class. It

adds to Dialog a root pane and support for a default close operation. These

are the same features that JFrame has, and using JDialog directly is very

similar to using JFrame directly. If youre going to use JDialog directly,

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then you should understand the material in Using Top-Level Containers and

How to Make Frames, especially Responding to Window-Closing Events.

Even when you use JOptionPane to implement a dialog, youre still using a

JDialog behind the scenes. The reason is that JOptionPane is simply a

container that can automatically create a JDialog and add itself to the

JDialogs content pane.

The DialogDemo Example

Heres a picture of an application that displays dialogs.

JOptionPane Features

Using JOptionPane, you can create and customize several different kinds of dialogs. JOptionPane

provides support for laying out standard dialogs, providing icons, specifying the dialogs title and text, andcustomizing the button text. Other features allow you to customize the components the dialog displays and

specify where the dialog should appear onscreen. You can even specify that an option pane put itself into

aninternal frame(JInternalFrame) instead of a JDialog.

Note: The internal frames that JOptionPane creates currently behave differently from modal dialogs.

They dont behave modally, and in general seem more like frames than like dialogs. For this reason, we

dont currently recommend their use.

When you create a JOptionPane, look-and-feel-specific code adds

components to the JOptionPane and determines the layout of those

components.

JOptionPanes icon support lets you easily specify which icon the dialog

displays. You can use a custom icon, no icon at all, or any one of fourstandard JOptionPane icons (question, information, warning, and error).

Each look and feel has its own versions of the four standard icons. The

following figure shows the icons used in the Java Look & Feel.

Icons provided by JOptionPane

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(Java Look & Feel shown)

question information warning error


For most simple modal dialogs, you create and show the dialog using one ofJOptionPanesshowXxxDialog methods. If your dialog should be aninternal frame, then add Internal aftershow

for example, showMessageDialog changes to showInternalMessageDialog. If you need to

control the dialogs window-closing behavior or if the dialog isnt modal, then you should directly

instantiate JOptionPane and add it to a JDialog instance. Then invoke setVisible(true) on

the JDialog to make it appear.

The two most useful showXxxDialog methods are showMessageDialog and

showOptionDialog. The showMessageDialog method displays a simple,

one-button dialog. The showOptionDialog method displays a customized

dialogit can display a variety of buttons with customized button text, and

can contain a standard text message or a collection of components.

The other two showXxxDialog methods are used less often. The

showConfirmDialog method asks the user to confirm something, but has the

disadvantage of having standard button text (Yes/No or the localized

equivalent, for example), rather than button text customized to the userssituation (Start/Cancel, for example). A fourth method, showInputDialog,

is designed to display a modal dialog that gets a string from the user, using

either a text field or an uneditable combo box. However, input dialogs arentvery useful right now, since the text field doesnt let you perform validation

before the dialog goes away, and combo boxes in dialogs dont yet work

well.

Here are some examples, taken from DialogDemo.java , of using

showMessageDialog, showOptionDialog, and the JOptionPane

constructor. For more example code, see DialogDemo.java and the other

programs listed in Examples that Use Dialogs.

showMessageDialog

Displays a modal dialog with one button, which is labeled OK (or the localized equivalent). You can

easily specify the message, icon, and title that the dialog displays. Here are some examples of usingshowMessageDialog:

//default title and iconJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,

Eggs arent supposed to be green.);

//custom title, warning iconJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,

Eggs arent supposed to be green.,Inane warning,JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);

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//custom title, error iconJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,

Eggs arent supposed to be green.,Inane error,JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

//custom title, no iconJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,

Eggs arent supposed to be green.,A plain message,JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);

//custom title, custom iconJOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,

Eggs arent supposed to be green.,Inane custom dialog,JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE,icon);

showOptionDialog

Displays a modal dialog with the specified buttons, icons, message, title, and so on. With this method, you

can change the text that appears on the buttons of standard dialogs. You can also perform many other kinds

of customization.

//Custom button textObject[] options = {Yes, please,

No, thanks,No eggs, no ham!};

int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame,Would you like some green eggs to go + with that ham?,A Silly Question,JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION,JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,null,options,options[2]);

JOptionPane (constructor)

Creates a JOptionPane with the specified buttons, icons, message, title, and so on. You must then add

the option pane to a JDialog, register a property-change listener on the option pane, and show the

dialog. SeeStopping Automatic Dialog Closing for details.

final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane(The only way to close this dialog is by\n+ pressing one of the following buttons.\n+ Do you understand?,JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);

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The arguments to all of the showXxxDialog methods and JOptionPane constructors are

standardized, though the number of arguments for each method and constructor varies. The following listdescribes each argument. To see the exact list of arguments for a particular method, seeThe Dialog API.

ComponentparentComponent

The first argument to each showXxxDialog method is always the parent component, which must be a

frame, a component inside a frame, or null. If you specify a frame, then the dialog will appear over thecenter of the frame, and depend on that frame. If you specify a component inside a frame, then the dialog

will appear over the center of that component, and depend on that components frame. If you specify null,

then the look and feel picks an appropriate position for the dialoggenerally the center of the screen, and

the dialog doesnt depend on any visible frame.

The JOptionPane constructors do not include this argument. Instead, you

specify the parent frame when you create the JDialog that contains the

JOptionPane, and you use the JDialogsetLocationRelativeTo method

to set the dialogs position.

Objectmessage

This required argument specifies what the dialog should display in its main area. Generally, you specify astring, which results the dialog displaying a label with the specified text. You can split the message over

several lines by putting newline (\n) characters inside the message string. For example:

Complete the sentence:\n \Green eggs and...\String title

The title of the dialog.int optionType

Specifies the set of buttons that appear at the bottom of the dialog. Choose from one of the following

standard sets: DEFAULT_OPTION, YES_NO_OPTION, YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION,

OK_CANCEL_OPTION.

int messageType

This argument determines the icon displayed in the dialog. Choose from one of the following values:PLAIN_MESSAGE (no icon), ERROR_MESSAGE, INFORMATION_MESSAGE, WARNING_MESSAGE,

QUESTION_MESSAGE.

Icon icon

The icon to display in the dialog.Object[] options

Further specifies the option buttons to appear at the buttom of the dialog. Generally, you specify an array

of strings for the buttons. SeeCustomizing Button Text in a Standard Dialogfor more information.

Object initialValue

Specifies the default value to be selected.

You can either let the default icon be used or specify the icon using the

message type or icon argument. By default, a dialog created withshowMessageDialog displays the information icon, and a dialog created

with showConfirmDialog orshowInputDialog displays the question icon.

An option pane created with a JOptionPane constructor displays no icon, by

default. To specify that the dialog display a standard icon or no icon, specify

the message type. To specify a custom icon, use the icon argument. The icon

argument takes precedence over the message type; as long as the iconargument has a non-null value, the dialog displays the specified icon.

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Customizing Button Text

When you use JOptionPane to create a dialog, you can choose either to use the standard button text

(which might vary by look and feel) or to specify different text.

The following code, taken fromDialogDemo.java , creates two Yes/No

dialogs. The first dialog is implemented with showConfirmDialog, whichuses the look-and-feel wording for the two buttons. The second dialog usesshowOptionDialog so it can customize the wording. With the exception of

wording changes, the dialogs are identical.

//default icon, custom titleint n = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(

frame,Would you like green eggs and ham?,An Inane Question,JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);

Object[] options = {Yes, please,No way!};

int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame,Would you like green eggs and ham?,A Silly Question,JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION,JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,null, //dont use a custom Iconoptions, //the titles of buttonsoptions[0]); //default button title

Getting the Users Input from a Dialog

As the previous code snippets showed, the showMessageDialog, showConfirmDialog, and

showOptionDialog methods return an integer indicating the users choice. The values for this integer

are YES_OPTION, NO_OPTION, CANCEL_OPTION, OK_OPTION, and CLOSED_OPTION. Except for

CLOSED_OPTION, each option corresponds to the button the user pressed. When CLOSED_OPTION isreturned, it indicates that the user closed the dialog window explicitly, rather than by choosing a button

inside the option pane.

Even if you change the strings that the standard dialog buttons display, the

return value is still one of the pre-defined integers. For example, aYES_NO_OPTION dialog always returns one of the following values:

YES_OPTION, NO_OPTION, orCLOSED_OPTION.

If youre designing a custom dialog, on the other hand, then you need to

design your dialogs API so that you can query the dialog about what the

user chose. For example, the dialog implemented in CustomDialog.java

has a getValidatedText method that returns the text the user entered.

Stopping Automatic Dialog Closing

By default, when the user clicks a JOptionPane-created button, the dialog closes. But what if you want

to check the users answer before closing the dialog? In this case, you must implement your own property

change listener so that when the user clicks a button, the dialog doesnt automatically close.

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DialogDemo contains two dialogs that implement a property change listener.

One of these dialogs is a custom modal dialog, implemented inCustomDialog , that uses JOptionPane both to get the standard icon and to

get layout assistance. The other dialog, whose code is below, uses a standard

Yes/No JOptionPane, Though this dialog is rather useless as written, its

code is simple enough that you can use it as a template for more complexdialogs.

Besides setting the property change listener, the following code also calls theJDialogs setDefaultCloseOperation method and implements a window

listener that handles the window close attempt properly. If you dont care to

be notified when the user closes the window explicitly, then ignore the boldcode.

final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane(The only way to close this dialog is by\n+ pressing one of the following buttons.\n+ Do you understand?,JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,

JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame,Click a button,true);dialog.setContentPane(optionPane);dialog.setDefaultCloseOperation(JDialog.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) {setLabel(Thwarted user attempt to close window.);

}});optionPane.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) {String prop = e.getPropertyName();if (dialog.isVisible()

&& (e.getSource() == optionPane)&& (prop.equals(JOptionPane.VALUE_PROPERTY) ||prop.equals(JOptionPane.INPUT_VALUE_PROPERTY)))

{//If you were going to check something//before closing the window, youd do//it here.dialog.setVisible(false);

}}

});dialog.pack();dialog.setVisible(true);

int value = ((Integer)optionPane.getValue()).intValue();if (value == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {setLabel(Good.);

} else if (value == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) {setLabel(Try using the window decorations to close the non-auto-closing dialog. You cant!);}

The Dialog API

The following tables list the commonly used JOptionPane and JDialog constructors and methods.

Other methods youre likely to call are defined by theDialog ,Window andComponent classes

and include pack, setSize, and setVisible.

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The API is listed as follows:

Showing Standard Modal Dialogs (using JOptionPane Class Methods

Methods for Using JOptionPanes Directly

Frequently Used JDialog Constructors and Methods

Showing Standard Modal Dialogs (Using JOptionPane Class Methods)

Method Purposestatic voidshowMessageDialog(Component,Object)static voidshowMessageDialog(Component,Object, String, int)static voidshowMessageDialog(Component,Object, String, int, Icon)

Show a one-button, modal dialog that gives the

user some information. The arguments specify

(in order) the parent component, message, title,

message type, and icon for the dialog. See

Creating and Showing Simple Dialogsfor a

discussion of the arguments and their effects.

static intshowOptionDialog(Component, Object,

String, int, int, Icon, Object[],Object)

Show a customized modal dialog. The arguments

specify (in order) the parent component,

message, title, option type, message type, icon,

options, and initial value for the dialog. SeeCreating and Showing Simple Dialogsfor a


static intshowConfirmDialog(Component,Object)static intshowConfirmDialog(Component,Object, String, int)static intshowConfirmDialog(Component,Object, String, int, int)static int

showConfirmDialog(Component,Object, String, int, int, Icon)

Show a modal dialog that asks the user a

question. The arguments specify (in order) the

parent component, message, title, option type,message type, and icon for the dialog. See

Creating and Showing Simple Dialogsfor a


static StringshowInputDialog(Object)static StringshowInputDialog(Component, Object)static StringshowInputDialog(Component, Object,String, int)static StringshowInputDialog(Component, Object,String, int, Icon, Object[],Object)

Show a modal dialog that prompts the user for

input. The single-argument version specifies just

the message, with the parent component assumed

to be null. The arguments for the other versions

specify (in order) the parent component,

message, title, message type, icon, options, and

initial value for the dialog. SeeCreating and

Showing Simple Dialogsfor a discussion of the

arguments and their effects.

static voidshowInternalMessageDialog(...)static voidshowInternalOptionDialog(...)static voidshowInternalConfirmDialog(...)static StringshowInternalInputDialog(...)

Implement a standard dialog as an internal frame.

See theJOptionPaneAPI documentation

for the exact list of arguments.

Methods for Using JOptionPanes Directly

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nfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.htmlhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#showapihttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#joptionpaneapihttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#jdialogapihttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalMessageDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalOptionDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalConfirmDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#showInternalInputDialog(java.awt.Component,%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html


10/177

Method or Constructor Purpose

JOptionPane()JOptionPane(Object)JOptionPane(Object, int)JOptionPane(Object, int, int)JOptionPane(Object, int, int, Icon)

JOptionPane(Object, int, int, Icon,Object[])JOptionPane(Object, int, int, Icon,Object[], Object)

Creates a JOptionPane instance. See


for a discussion of the arguments andtheir effects.

static FramegetFrameForComponent(Component)static JDesktopPanegetDesktopPaneForComponent(Component)

Handy JOptionPane class methods

that find the frameordesktop pane,

respectively, that the specified

component is in.

Frequently Used JDialog Constructors and Methods


JDialog()JDialog(Dialog)

JDialog(Dialog, boolean)JDialog(Dialog, String)JDialog(Dialog, String, boolean)JDialog(Dialog, String, boolean,GraphicsConfiguration)JDialog(Frame)JDialog(Frame, boolean)JDialog(Frame, String)JDialog(Frame, String, boolean)JDialog(Frame, String, boolean,GraphicsConfiguration)

Creates aJDialog

instance. TheFrameargument, if any, is the frame (usually a

JFrame object) that the dialog depends on.

Make the boolean argument true to specify

a modal dialog, false or absent to specify a

non-modal dialog. You can also specify the

title of the dialog, using a string argument.

The constructors taking thejava.awt.GraphicsConfiguration

argument were introduced in 1.4.

void setContentPane(Container)

Container getContentPane()

Get and set the content pane, which is usually

the container of all the dialogs components.

SeeUsing Top-Level Containers for moreinformation.

void setDefaultCloseOperation(int)int getDefaultCloseOperation()

Get and set what happens when the user tries

to close the dialog. Possible values:DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE,

DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE,

HIDE_ON_CLOSE (the default). See

Responding to Window-Closing Events for

more information.

void setLocationRelativeTo(Component) Centers the dialog over the specifiedcomponent.

static void

setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean) static booleanisDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()

Set or get a hint as to whether the dialogs

window decorations (such as borders, orwidgets to close the window) should be

provided by the current look and feel.

Otherwise the dialogs decorations will beprovided by the current window manager.

Note that this is only a hint, as some look and

feels do not support this feature. Introduced in

1.4.

[PENDING: We need a discussion on this

10
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g(java.awt.Frame,%20boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String,%20boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String,%20boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String,%20boolean,%20java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String,%20boolean,%20java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#JDialog(java.awt.Frame,%20java.lang.String,%20boolean,%20java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setContentPane(java.awt.Container)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setContentPane(java.awt.Container)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#getContentPane()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#getContentPane()http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/toplevel.htmlhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/toplevel.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setDefaultCloseOperation(int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setDefaultCloseOperation(int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#getDefaultCloseOperation()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#getDefaultCloseOperation()http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/frame.html#windoweventshttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setLocationRelativeTo(java.awt.Component)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setLocationRelativeTo(java.awt.Component)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#isDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#isDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#isDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane()http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[])http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[])http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#JOptionPane(java.lang.Object,%20int,%20int,%20javax.swing.Icon,%20java.lang.Object[],%20java.lang.Object)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/#createhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#getFrameForComponent(java.awt.Component)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#getFrameForComponent(java.awt.Component)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#getDesktopPaneForComponent(java.awt.Component)http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JOptionPane.html#getDesktopPaneForComponent(java.awt.Component)http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/frame.htmlhttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/viniciuspereira/Vinicius/livros/Java/SUN/tut-swing/uiswing/components/internalframe.htmlhttp://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/javax/swing/JDialog.html#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Trail: Creating a GUI with JFC/SwingLesson: Using Swing Components

How to Make Frames (Main Windows)A frame, implemented as an instance of the JFrame class, is a window that typically has decorations

such as a border, a title, and buttons for closing and iconifying the window. Applications with a GUItypically use at least one frame. Applets sometimes use frames, as well.

To make a window thats dependent on another window disappearingwhen the other window is iconified, for example use a dialog instead of a

frame. To make a window that appears within another window, use an

internal frame.

Creating and Showing Frames

Heres a picture of the extremely plain window created by an example called

FrameDemo. You can find the source code in FrameDemo.java . You can

run FrameDemo using Java Web Start .

The following code, taken from FrameDemo, is a typical example of the code used to create and set up a

frame.//1. Optional: Specify who draws the windowdecorations.JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);//2. Create the frame.JFrame frame = new JFrame(FrameDemo);//3. Optional: What happens when the framecloses?frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//4. Create components and put them in the frame.//...create emptyLabel...

frame.getContentPane().add(emptyLabel,

BorderLayout.CENTER);//5. Size the frame.frame.pack();

//6. Show it.frame.setVisible(true);

Here are some details about the code:

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1. Calling setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true) requests that any subsequently created

frames have window decorations provided by the look and feel, and not by the window system. Fordetails, seeSpecifying Window Decorations.

2. The next line of code creates a frame using a constructor that lets you set the frames title. The other

frequently used JFrame constructor is the no-argument constructor.

3. Next the code specifies what should happen when the user closes the frame. The EXIT_ON_CLOSE

operation, not surprisingly, makes the program exit when the user closes the frame. This behavior isappropriate for this program because the program has only one frame, and closing the frame makes

the program useless. SeeResponding to Window-Closing Events for more information.

4. The next bit of code adds a blank label to the frames content pane. If youre not already familiar

with content panes and how to add components to them, please read Adding Components to the

Content Pane.

For frames that have menus, youd typically add the menu bar to the

frame here using the setJMenuBar method. See How to Use Menus

for details.

5. The pack method sizes the frame so that all its contents are at or above their preferred sizes. An

alternative to pack is to establish a frames size explicitly by calling setSize orsetBounds

(which also sets the frames location). In general, using pack is preferable to calling setSize,

since pack leaves the frames layout manager in charge of the frames size, and layout managers aregood at adjusting to platform dependencies and other factors that affect component size.

This example doesnt set the frames location, but its easy to do sousing either the setLocationRelativeTo orsetLocation method.

For example, the following code centers a frame onscreen:

frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);

6. Calling setVisible(true) makes the frame appear onscreen. Sometimes you might see the

show method used instead. The two usages are equivalent, but we use setVisible(true) for

consistencys sake.

Note: The pack and setVisible methods realize the frame and the components it contains. Once a

component has been realized, any code that modifies or inspects it should be executed on the event-dispatching thread. For more information, refer to Threads and Swing .

Specifying Window Decorations

By default, window decorations are supplied by the native window system. However, you can request that

the look and feel provide the decorations for a frame. You can even specify that the frame have no window

decorations at all (using the setUndecorated method), a feature that is typically used withfull-screen

exclusive mode . If you want a smaller window without decorations, then you probably want to use the

JWindow orWindow class.

The following snapshots show two frames that are identical except for their

window decorations. As you can tell by the appearance of the Close windowbutton in each frame, they both use the Java look and feel. However, only

the first frame uses window decorations provided by the Java look and feel.

The second uses decorations provided by the window system, whichhappens to be Windows but could as easily be any other platform running

the 1.4 version of the Java platform.

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A frame with look-and-feel-provideddecorations

A frame with window-system-provided decorations

The difference in window decorations is caused by calls to the JFrame static

method setLookAndFeelDecorated, which occur before each frame is

created. To use decorations provided by the look and feel, the argument tosetLookAndFeelDecorated must be true. To switch back to window system

(platform-specific) decorations, the argument must be false. Some look andfeels might not support this feature; in this case, the window system

decorations are used.

Version Note: Before 1.4, the decorations on a frame were always provided by the window system and

could not be changed.

The source code that creates these frames is inFrameDemo2.java . You can

run FrameDemo2 using Java Web Start . Besides showing how to choosewindow decorations, FrameDemo2 also shows how to disable all window

decorations and gives an example of positioning windows.

Responding to Window-Closing Events

By default, when the user closes a frame onscreen, the frame is hidden. Although invisible, the frame stillexists and the program can make it visible again. If you want different behavior, then you need to either

register a window listener that handles window-closing events, or you need to specify default close

behavior using the setDefaultCloseOperation method. You can even do both.

The argument to setDefaultCloseOperation must be one of the following

values, the first three of which are defined in the WindowConstants

interface (implemented by JFrame, JInternalPane, and JDialog):

DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE

Dont do anything when the user requests that the window close. Instead, the program should probably use

a window listener that performs some other action in its windowClosing method.

HIDE_ON_CLOSE (the default forJDialog and JFrame)

Hide the window when the user closes it. This removes the window from the screen but leaves itdisplayable.

DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE (the default forJInternalFrame)

Hide and dispose of the window when the user closes it. This removes the window from the screen and

frees up any resources used by it.

EXIT_ON_CLOSE (defined in theJFrame class)

Exit the application, using System.exit(0). This is recommended for applications only. If used within

an applet, a SecurityException may be thrown. Introduced in 1.3.

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Version Note: As of 1.4, DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE can have results similar to EXIT_ON_CLOSE if only

one window is onscreen. More precisely, when the last displayable window within the Java virtual

machine (VM) is disposed of, the VM may terminate if it is 1.4 or a compatible version. In earlier versions

such as 1.3 the VM remains running even when all windows have been disposed of. Seebug 4030718

for details.

[PENDING: When definitive documentation of this issue isreleased, we will point to it instead of the bug.]

The default close operation is executed after the any window listeners handle the window-closing event.

So, for example, assume that you specify that the default close operation is to dispose of a frame. You also

implement a window listener that tests whether the frame is the last one visible and, if so, saves some data

and exits the application. Under these conditions, when the user closes a frame, the window listener will

be called first. If it doesnt exit the application, then the default close operation disposing of the frame

will then be performed.

For more information about handling window-closing events, see How toWrite a Window Listener . Besides handling window-closing events,

window listeners can also react to other window state changes, such asiconification and activation.

The Frame API

The following tables list the commonly used JFrame constructors and methods. Other methods you

might want to call are defined by thejava.awt.Frame , java.awt.Window , and

java.awt.Component classes, from which JFrame descends.

Because each JFrame object has a root pane, frames have support for

interposing input and painting behavior in front of the frames children,

placing children on different layers, and for Swing menu bars. These

topics are introduced in Using Top-Level Containersand explained in detailinHow to Use Root Panes.

The API for using frames falls into these categories:

Creating and Setting Up a Frame

Setting the Window Size and Location

Methods Related to the Root Pane

Creating and Setting Up a Frame


JFrame()JFrame(String)

Create a frame that is initially invisible.

The String argument provides a title for

the frame. You can also use setTitle to

set a frames title. To make the frame

visible, invoke setVisible(true) on

it.

void setDefaultCloseOperation(int)int getDefaultCloseOperation()

Set or get the operation that occurs whenthe user pushes the close button on this

frame. Possible choices are:

DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE

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HIDE_ON_CLOSE

DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE

EXIT_ON_CLOSE

The first three constants are defined in theWindowConstants interface, which

JFrame implements. The

EXIT_ON_CLOSE constant is defined in

theJFrame class, and was introduced

in 1.3.

void setUndecorated(boolean)boolean isUndecorated()

(in Frame)

Set or get whether the window systemshould provide decorations for this frame.

Works only if the frame is not yet

displayable (hasnt been packed or

shown). Typically used withfull-screen

exclusive mode .

static voidsetDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean) static booleanisDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()

Determine whether subsequently createdJFrames should have their Window

decorations (such as borders, widgets forclosing the window, title) provided by the

current look and feel. Note that this is only

a hint, as some look and feels may not

support this feature. Introduced in 1.4.

Setting the Window Size and Location

Method Purpose

void pack()

(in Window)Size the window so that all its contents are at or

above their preferred sizes.

void setSize(int, int)

void setSize(Dimension)Dimension getSize()

(in Component)

Set or get the total size of the window. The integer

arguments to setSize specify the width andheight, respectively.

void setBounds(int, int, int,int)void setBounds(Rectangle)Rectangle getBounds()

(in Component)

Set or get the size and position of the window. For

the integer version ofsetBounds, the windows

upper left corner is at thex, y location specified by

the first two arguments, and has the width and

height specified by the last two arguments.

void setLocation(int, int)Point getLocation()

(in Component)

Set or get the location of the upper left corner of the

window. The parameters are thex andy values,

respectively.

voidsetLocationRelativeTo(Component)

(in Window)

Position the window so that its centered over the

specified component. If the argument is null, thewindow is centered onscreen. To properly center the

window, you should invoke this method after thewindows size has been set.

Methods Related to the Root Pane

Method Purpose

void setContentPane(Container)Set or get the frames content pane. The content panecontains the frames visible GUI components and should

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