Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC

THE PERIODIC TABLE

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Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC

DIRECTIONS

• This presentation is designed to be used like flash cards.

• To check your answer and/or to move to the next slide, left click your mouse.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC

ALKALI METALS

• Group IA (alkaline means basic)– Li– Na– K– Rb– Cs– Fr

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ALKALINE EARTH METALS

• Group IIA– Be– Mg– Ca– Sr– Ba– Ra

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HALOGENS

• Group VIIA (nonmetals, halogens means salt formers)– F– Cl– Br– I

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NOBLE GASES

• Group VIII (nonmetals- rare gases)– He– Ne– Ar– Kr– Xe– Rn

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Group or Families of the Periodic Table

• VERTICAL COLUMNS- elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties

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Periods in a Periodic Table

• HORIZONTAL ROWS- elements in periods have properties that change progressively across the table

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Physical Properties of Metals

• High electrical conductivity that decreases with increasing temperature.

• High thermal conductivity.• Metallic gray or silver luster• Almost all are solids• Malleable (can be hammered into sheets,

etc.)• Ductile (can be drawn into wires)

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC

Physical Properties of Nonmetals

• Poor electrical conductivity (except carbon in the form of graphite)

• Good heat insulators (except carbon in the form of diamonds)

• No metallic luster• Solids, liquids or gases• Brittle in solid state• Non-ductile

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Chemical Properties of Metals

• Outer shells contain few electrons (usually 3 or fewer)

• Forms cations (positive ions) by losing electrons

• Form ionic compounds with nonmetals

• Solid state characterized by metallic bonding

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC

Chemical Properties of Nonmetals

• Outer shells contain four or more electrons• Form anions (negative ions) by gaining

electrons• Form ionic compounds with metals and

molecular (covalent) compounds with other nonmetals.

• Covalently bonded molecules; Noble gases are monatomic

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TRENDS IN THE PERODIC TABLE

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ATOMIC NUMBER

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASES

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASES

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ATOMIC MASS

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASE

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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ATOMIC RADIUS

• ACROSS PERIOD: DECREASE

• DOWN GROUP: INCREAS

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ATOMIC VOLUME

• ACROSS PERIOD: DECREASE

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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ATOMIC DENSITY

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASE

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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ELECTRONEGATIVITY

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASE

• DOWN GROUP: DECREASE

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ELECTROPOSITIVITY

• ACROSS PERIOD: DECREASE

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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IONIZATION ENERGY

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASE

• DOWN GROUP: DECREASE

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COLOR

• ACROSS PERIOD: NO TREND

• DOWN GROUP: DARKER

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METALS

• ACROSS PERIOD: LESS METALLIC

• DOWN GROUP: MORE METALLIC

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NON-METALS

• ACROSS PERIOD: MORE METALLIC

• DOWN GROUP: LESS METALLIC

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METALLOID

• BORDER ZIG-ZAG LINE

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NUMBER OF SHELLS

• ACROSS PERIOD: CONSTANT

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN OUTER SHELL

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASES

• DOWN GROUP: CONSTANT

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ELECTRON AFFINITY

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASE

• DOWN GROUP: CONSTANT

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IONIC RADIUS

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASE

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ANIONS (-)

• LARGER THAN ATOM

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CATIONS (+)

• SMALLER THAN ATOM

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REACTIVITY OF METALS

• ACROSS PERIOD: DECREASES

• DOWN GROUP: INCREASES

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REACTIVITY OF NON-METALS

• ACROSS PERIOD: INCREASES

• DOWN GROUP: DECREASE