cpu and its execution of statements
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CPU and its execution of statements
Yasir musthafa [email protected]/
yasirmusthafatwitter.com/yasirmusthafappin.linkedin.com/in/
yasirmusthafa pp8891396749
CPU
• Interaction between functional blocks• Blocks of Computer System• Functions of CPU
Interaction between functional blocks
MEMORY UNITMEMORY UNIT OUTPUT UNITOUTPUT UNITINPUT UNITINPUT UNIT
CONTROL UNITCONTROL UNIT ALUALU
datadata
instructioninstruction readread writewrite
resultresult
To user
(Result)
To user
(Result)
Control signals
Control signals
operandoperand
___ data flow
------Control flow
Interaction between functional blocks (contd)
• Data is supplied to the computer through an input device.
• The data is then transferred to memory under the supervision of the control unit.
Interaction between functional blocks (contd)
• Each instruction is interpreted before execution
• Control unit informs the ALU of the precise operation to be performed and
• Directs the transfer of operands to the ALU
Interaction between functional blocks (contd)
• The ALU then performs all calculations and comparisons needed
• And the results are then passed unto the memory unit, from there to the output unit
Blocks of CPU
CPU (Central Processing Unit)ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)
It performs two types of operations
1. Arithmetic Operations.
2. Logical Operations.
ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)Operation : Symbol
Addition : +
Subtraction : -
Multiplication : *
Division : /
Logical Operations
• Logical AND• Logical OR• Logical NOT
• Logical EXCLUSIVE OR
CU (Control Unit)
• Controls the operations that takes place in various parts of a computer by sending electronic signals.
• Supervises the flow of data in various parts of computer such as input device, output device, and memory devices.
Functions of CPUCPU performs everything in binary form
• It takes the information and process it according to instructions.
• It performs all calculations.
• It takes all decisions.
• It controls all units of computer.
registers
• small amount of storage available as part of a CPU
• Mean for the fastest way to access data• registers are normally at the top of the
memory hierarchy
Hierarchy of registers
How does CPU execute instructions?
• Computer load instruction from RAM to CPU for execution
• Instructions are in the form of 0 and 1 which is called machine language
• CPU only understand machine language
Example
• Let us say that an electric pen has a processor and main memory.
• The processor can change color of pen black or blue, and can check the on/off switch
How does CPU execute instructions?
• High level language can be converted to machine language by compiler or interpreter
Compiler vs interpreter
• CompilerSoftware which translate the program as a
wholeEg:-c compiler• InterpreterSoftware which translate the program line by
line Eg:-java
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