cpgp day01-session 3 - introduction to cp
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Introduction to Cleaner Production and Its Cleaner Production and Its Application MethodologyApplication Methodology
Principles & Concept Principles & Concept
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Products and Services
Production processRaw Materials
Product/ Service
Waste
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What is Wastes?
It is throwing away a part of your
resources
UP in Smoke
DOWN the DrainIN the
garbage
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Philosophy behind
Cleaner Production WASTE
is a Valuable Resource at a
wrong place, in a wrong formOr in a wrong media
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Why the waste is generated
• Bad housekeeping• Bad quality raw materials• Improper process conditions• Old/Substandard Equipment• Old, inefficient Technologies• Product Specifications
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Solutions? (CP Techniques)
• Good housekeeping• Input substitution• Better process control/Process optimization• Equipment modification• Technology change• On-site recovery/reuse• Production of a useful by-product• Product modification
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Principles Underlying CP
• Precautionary Principle• Preventive Principle• Integrated/Holistic Principle• Democratic Principle
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Cleaner Production
CP is an approach to optimize the usage of resources by– Minimizing waste of resources at the point of
generation– Converting unavoidable wastes to products with
economic value– Innovation and creativity
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OFFICIAL DEFINITION OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
“ The continuous application of an integrated, preventive environmental strategy applied to processes, products and services to increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment.”
(UNEP)
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Cleaner Production for -
Processes :
Conserving Raw Materials & EnergyEliminating Toxic MaterialsReducing Quantity and Toxicity of
all Emissions and Wastes
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Cleaner Production for -
Products :
Reducing environmental impact of a product in its entire Life Cycle from Raw Material extraction to End-of-Life disposal
Lowers costs and improves environmental performance
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Services :
Incorporating environmental concerns into designing and delivering a service
Focus on product use
Cleaner Production for -
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Cleaner Production
Continuous,Preventive,Integrated
Strategy applied to
Products Processes Services
To Increase Efficiency and
Improve Environmental Performance & Reduce Costs
Reduction of Risks
Competitive Advantage
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First definition of Cleaner Production
• The conceptual and procedural approach to production that demands that all phases of the life-cycle of a product or of a process should be addressed with the objective of prevention or the minimization of short and long-term risks to humans and the environment
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Definition by Business Directory. com• Manufacturing in which waste minimization
and prevention practices are continuously applied. These practices include (1) conservation of raw materials and energy, (2) elimination of toxic inputs, and (3) reduction in toxic outputs.
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Definition by Dr Rene Van Berkel
• Continuous improvement of industrial processes, products and services to reduce the use of natural resources, to prevent-at the source-the pollution of air, water and land, and to reduce waste generation in order to minimize risks to the human population and the environment
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Definition by Indian NCPC
• Cleaner Production is the new and creative way of thinking about products and processes that make them. It is achieved by the continuous application of strategies to minimize the generation of wastes and emissions.
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Definition by Global Development Research Centre
• Cleaner production (CP) is a preventative approach to managing the environmental impacts of business processes and products. CP uses changes in technology, processes, resouces or practices to reduce waste, environmental and health risks; minimize environmental damage; use energy and resources more efficiently; increase business profitability and competitiveness; and increase the efficiency of production processes. Cleaner production is applicable to all businesses, regardless of size or type.
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Cleaner Production is achieved by:Cleaner Production is achieved by:
Applying know howApplying know how Improving technologyImproving technology Changing attitudesChanging attitudes
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Question, "Is Cleaner Production a Method or a philosophy?"
It is both philosophically significant and methodologically grounded.
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Philosophy of Cleaner Production
Change the organizational culture from a
Wasteful culture to a
Wasteless culture
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Is Cleaner Production Similar to Environmental Management Systems
• No• CP Focus on Zero Waste and EMS on Managing
Environmental Issues• CP focuses on resource consumption where EMS
looks at environmental concerns• CP looks at prevention of waste at the point of
generation while EMS looks at managing environmental issues as they emerge
• CP is an Approach but EMS is a Management System
• CP is through self motivation but EMS is to please others
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Prerequisites to CPTop Management Commitment
Total Involvement of Employees
Organized Approach
Be open Minded and Flexible to Change
Be Creative and Innovative
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Cleaner Production methodologies
• UNEP standard Methodology• Dutch PRISMA Methodology• Indian DESIRE Methodology• Van Berkel Methodology• UNEP/UNIDO standard Methodology
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UNEP Standard methodology
• Phase1- Planning & organization• Phase 2-Preassessment (qualitative )• Phase 3- Assessment (quantitative)• Phase 4- Evaluation and Feasibility Study• Phase 5- Implementation & Continuation
(20 tasks)
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Dutch PRISMA Methodology
• Phase 1- Planning & Organization• Phase 2- Assessment• Phase 3- Feasibility Analysis• Phase 4- Implementation
(15 tasks)
PRISMA - Dutch acronym for Project Industrial Successes with Pollution Prevention.
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DESIRE Methodology
• Getting started• Analysing the process• Cause Evaluation and Generation of Options• Feasibility analysis and Selection of CP solutions• Implementation• Sustaining • (18 tasks)
DESIRE- Demonstration in Small Industries for Reducing Wastes
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Van Berkel Methodology
• Phase 1- Planning & organization• Phase 2- Selecting First Focus• Phase 3- Investigation• Phase 4- Feasibility Studies• Phase 5- Implementation and Continuation
(20 tasks)
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Cleaner Production Assessment (UNEP/UNIDO) Adopted from DESIRE
• Six step organised approach:
– start 1. getting started– analyse 2. analysing process steps
3. generating CP options– improve 4. selecting CP solutions
5. implementing CP solutions– integrate 6. sustaining CP(18 tasks)
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Phases in Generic Cleaner Production Assessment Methodology
Recognized need to minimize waste
Planning and Organization
Assessment
Feasibility Analysis
Successfully Implemented CP Projects
Implementation
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Identify Waste StreamsQuantify Waste StreamsGenerate Options
MonitorRe-evaluate
Sustain
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Getting StartedGetting Started
PlanningPlanningPlanning
Generation and Evaluation
of GP Options
Generation andEvaluation ofGP Options
Generation andEvaluation ofGP Options
Sustaining GPSustaining GP
Monitoring and Review
Monitoring and Review
Implementation of GP Options
Implementation ofGP Options
Implementation ofGP Options
I
II
IIIIV
V
VI
Overview of GP Methodology
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Cleaner Production
Source Reduction
Resource Recovery
Product Redesign
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Common Misconceptions
• CP is difficult and expensive to implement
• CP is technologically complicated and is applicable in large companies only
• CP requires specialized skills and expertise
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Cleaner Production Vs. Pollution Control
Pollution Control - EOP
Cleaner Production
Cost CostEnvironmental
Performance
Environmental
Performance
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Cost Vs time
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11year
Cos
t
CP PC
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Some Interesting Points to Remember
• CP - Preventative approach to environmental management
• CP - Broad term encompassing what some countries/institutions call eco-efficiency, waste minimization, pollution prevention, or green productivity
• CP - Mentality of how to produce goods and services with minimum environmental impact under present technological and economic limits
• CP - DOES NOT DENY GROWTH, it merely insists that growth be ecologically sustainable
• CP - Not only an environmental strategy, but a sound business strategy as relates to economic considerations. (WIN-WIN Strategy)
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Cleaner Productionis a
JourneyNOT
a Destination !!!
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