Covanta’s Sustainable Waste Management

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Energy-from-Waste World Leader

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Introduction to CovantaOverview

Waste Disposal

• 45 Energy from Waste facilities (EfW)

• Process ~20 million tons of waste

annually

Energy Generation

• 1,500 MW base load electricity capacity

• Over 10 million MWh annually

– Enough to power 1 million homes

Metals Recycling (Annually)

• ~400,000 tons of ferrous

• ~ 30,000 tons of non-ferrous metal

• Annually recycle the equivalent amount

of steel to build 5 Golden Gate Bridges.

Ownership – Publicly traded NYSE (CVA)

Employees ~ 3,500

Florida– Jobs at Facilities ~475 FTE

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Industry leading performance• World class safety programs

• In-house maintenance

• High boiler availability

• Increasing efficiency

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Business Overview• 45 EfW facilities

– 41 EfW facilities in North America • Over two-thirds of U.S. EfW capacity• Process ~5% of overall U.S. waste generation

– 4 EfW facilities Asia and Europe

• 7 biomass renewable energy facilities

• Complementary waste operations:

– 18 transfer stations and 4 landfills (for ash disposal)– e-waste recycling business

Corporate Headquarters

EfW Facilities

Material Processing Facilities

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EfW Process

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Covanta in Florida• Operate Six Energy-from-Waste facilities

– Miami-Dade County (3,000 tons per day)– Pinellas County (3,000 tons per day)– Lee County (1,836 tons per day)– Hillsborough County (1,800 tons per day)– Pasco County (1,050 tons per day)– Lake County (528 tons per day)

• Every year in FL, our EfW facilities: – Safely manage approximately 4 million tons of MSW– Approximately 4 million tons of GHG emissions avoided, based on national average – Generate over 2 million MWh of electricity annually– Recover roughly 100,000 tons of ferrous metal– Recover over 8,000 tons of non-ferrous metals

• Employees: ~475

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Solid Waste Management Heirarchy

The European Union and the U.S. EPA have both concluded that following

the waste management hierarchy generally maximizes energy savings and

minimizes greenhouse gas emissions

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Energy-from-Waste Landfill

Processes MSW in 1 hour Material can last >100 years

Modern Air Pollution Controls Currently no technology

Generates 550-750 kWh per ton Landfill gas recovery 65kWh per ton

Avoids 100% of methane generation Landfills a leading source of methane

EfW process recovers metals No metals recovery capability

After Recycling, there are two choices:

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The U.S is falling behind…

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Emissions well below permits

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GHG Mitigation

“... MSW combustors actually reduce the amount of GHGs in the atmosphere compared to landfilling. The savings are estimated to be about 1.0 ton of GHGs saved per ton of MSW combusted.”

U.S. EPA, Energy Recovery Webpage , http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/EfW/airem.htm#7

Electricity Sources: GHG Comparison

Sources: WARM v10, U.S. EPA (2006), Hondo, Hiroki, 2005, Life cycle GHG emission analysis of power generation systems: Japanese case

EfW reduces GHG emissions when including avoided CH4 from landfills

New Focus on Methane ReductionScientific community calls for separate regulation

“...short- and medium-lived sources (black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and methane) must be regulated separately and dynamically”

Jackson, S., Parallel Pursuit of Near-Term and Long-Term Climate Mitigation

Science (2009) 326: 526-527

“The case for developing parallel policy initiatives for near- and short-term climate mitigation is compelling.”

Weaver, A., Toward the Second Commitment Period of the Kyoto Protocol

Science (2011) 332: 795-796Climate and Clean Air Coalition

– Announced by U.S. Sec. of State Clinton in 2012– Focus on black carbon, HFCs, and methane

White House Methane Strategy – March 2014

Focus on Landfills, Natural Gas & Oil Production & Distribution, Coal Mines, and Agriculture

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• US EPA as well as the International Panel on Climate Change has recognized EfW as a “Key GHG Mitigation Measure” in sustainability efforts.

• Potential Future Monetization of GHG Benefit

EfW under the EPA Clean Power Plan

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Recognition of EfW as GHG Mitigation

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Covanta has helped 10 of 12 Major Automotive Manufactures Reach Zero Waste to Landfill Goals.

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Embrace of Sustainable Waste Management

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Executing on New EfW ProjectsDublin, Ireland EfW Facility

• 600,000 annual tonnes, 58 MW• Clean electricity to power 80,000 homes

annually

• Construction >50% complete, with commercial operations targeted late 2017

Durham York Energy Centre, Ontario, CA

• 140,000 annual tonnes, 17.5 MW• Clean electricity to power 10,000 homes

annually

• Began commercial operations January 2016

• Cleanest and most efficient EfW facility in North America

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