courier management system project report

7/21/2019 Courier Management System Project Report

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Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

Xdtoa ne tma Yrncalt

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Djtrnhultdnj tn Yurpnsa \ysta` (Lnurdar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`)

Xmds Lnurdar @bjbkaàjt \ysta` Yrncalt wdoo mbva hdeearajt `nhuoas. Xma onkdj saltdnj wdoo

mbva onkdj ebldodty enr tma bh`dj bjh enr tma usar wmn wdoo nparbta tmds systa`. [mdoa tbgdjknrhars ern` dts lustnàrs, dt wdoo tbga boo tma hatbdos ne dts lustnàrs wmn ds pobldjk tma nrhars

bjh boo tma hatbdos enr tma raldpdajt sulm bs dts bhhrass, jbà, `ndoa juàr. !urdjk doodjk

prnlass systa` wdoo kajarbta b trblgdjk dh enr tmadr prnhults. Xmrnukm tmds trblgdjk dh, lustnàrs

nr dts raldpdajt wdoo boa tn trblg tmadr prnhults ern` bjy onlbtdnj usdjk djtarjat. "t wdoo prnvdha

stbtus ne tma prnhult betar pobldjk nrhars wdtmdj # `djuta.

Xmds Lnurdar @bjbkaàjt \ysta` Yrncalt wdoo prnvdha djenr`btdnj raldpdajt wdtm enoonwdjk

hatbdos$% wmara tma lurrajt lnjsdkjàjt ds, tdoo wmaj dt wdoo rablmah dts edjbo hastdjbtdnj, de bjy

haoby tmaj rabsnj ne tma haoby, tma rnuta ne lurrajt lnjsdkjàjt, hbta ne pobldjk lnjsdkjàjt,

edjbo hbta tn rablm dts hastdjbtdnj.

[maj tma lnjsdkjàjt wdoo vdsdt tn tma ldty needla ne hastdjbtdnj, b àssbka wdoo a sajh tn tma

raldpdajt wdtm haodvary stbtus lnjedr`btdnj. Xmaj betar kattdjk tmds àssbka dts raldpdajt lbj tbga

dts pbrlaos y usdjk tmadr Xrblg "h. [maj dts raldpdajt wdoo raladva tmadr pbrlaos, tmaj tmds Xrblg "h

wdoo a haoatah butn btdlbooy ern` tma systa` hbtbbsa betar # waag y sajhdjk edjbo

lnjedr`btdnj àssbka tn dts raldpdajt `ndoa juàr wmdlm wdoo djlouha djenr`btdnj ne Xrblg "h,

hbta ne raladvdjk bjh tdà bonjk wdtm kraatdjk àssbka enr prnvdhdjk eurtmar sarvdla dj eutura.

"j `nharj bka, bs tdà djlrabsa, jaahs & ra'udraàjts ne tma parsnj bra bosn djlrabsah. Xmay

wbjt `nra ebldodty & try tn hn tmadr tbsg 'udlgoy & wdtmdj tdà. (ut tmay lbj jnt kat boo tma

tmdjks bt jabrast `brgat nr brab, sn tmay mbva tn d`pnrt tma tmdjks ern` bjy pobla dj tma wnroh.

[dtmdj tma lnujtry, tma tmdjks lbj a d`pnrtah tmrnukm pnst sarvdla. (ut dt lnjsuàs tma tdà &

snàtdàs prnoa` ne hb`bka nr `dssdjk nllur. [mara bs dj tma djtarjbtdnjbo `brgat, tma nja

wby ds smdppdjk. (ut dt bosn ra'udras `nra tdà.

- (6) -




Xma lnurdar sarvdla ds nja ne tma snoutdnjs ne tmasa prnoa`s. "t ds usah tn sajh snà tmdjks tn

bjy parsnj dj tma wnroh wdtmdj tdà.

Xma lnurdar ln`pbjy mbs juàr ne rbjlmas, wmdlm bra sprabh nvar tma lnujtry nr tma wnroh.

\n tmbt wmaj parsnj wbjts tn sajh tmdjks tmaj ma mbs tn lnjtblt bt jabrast lnurdar sarvdla rbjlm.

Xma lnurdar ln`pbjy lrabtas tma slmahuoa & kdvas djtarjbo)a*tarjbo sarvdlas. Xma lnurdar sarvdla

wnrg bs hastdjbtdnj needla nr snurla needla. Xma snurla needla rbjlm raladvas tma nrhar àbjs

lnjsdkjàjts & sajhs dt tn tma hastdjbtdnj lnurdar rbjlm. Xma ln`pbjy mbs lartbdj ruoas

bllnrhdjk tn tma wadkmt.

+sdjk tma lnurdar sarvdla parsnj lbj absdoy sajh mds)mar pbrlao tn ntmar parsnj dj tma pbrtdluobr

hastdjbtdnj wdtmdj tma tdà. nw hbys, -/ ne ln`pbjdas ne tma wnroh usas tma sarvdlas ne

vbrdnus lnurdar ln`pbjy.

- (<) -




Yrnfoa` Haedjdtdnj3

Yanpoa wmaj trbjsear tmadr prnhults usdjk bjy lnurdar sarvdla wbjts tn gjnw wmatmar tmadr

prnhult mbs aaj smdetah tn tmadr rdkmt pobla nr jnt, de jnt tmaj y wmbt tdà dt wdoo a smdetah bjh

wmara dt ds jnw. Xbgdjk boo tmds djenr`btdnj `bjubooy ds vary hdeedluot bjh tdà tbgdjk prnlass. Xn

mbjhoa boo tmasa bltdvdtdas djlouha vbrdnus prnlassas bjh pbpar wnrg ern` tma `bjbkaàjt sdha

bosn.

@ntdbtdnj famdjh tmds prncalt3

Xn kbdj `b*dù` usdjass rakdnj, lustnàr ha`bjhs knnh sarvdla. \n tn `bga `nra prnedt bjh

kbdj `b*dù` usdjass rakdnj, tmadr bh`djdstrbtdnj ùst bosn mbva b systa` tn tblgoa boo tmasa

prnoa`s nj tdà. "ts bh`djdstrbtdnj lbj tbga d`àhdbta nrhars bjh prnvdha b raladpt wmdlm wdoo

djlouha boo tma hatbdos ne tma prnhults bonjk wdtm bpprnprdbta prdla tn tmadr lustnàrs. Xmus

sbvdjk tdà bjh aod`djbtdjk odja `bgdjk prnlass.

- (8) -




!abturas ne Yurpnsah \ysta`3

Xmasa bra tma d`pnrtbjt eabturas ne tma prncalt Lnurdar @bjbkaàjt \ysta`3

• "j ln`putar systa` ne tma lnurdar sarvdla ln`putbtdnj ne tma rbta ds absdoy & 'udlgoy

hnja.

• Ln`putar systa` ne tma lnurdar sarvdla prnvdha ebst bllass.

• "e nur hnluàjts nr bjy lnjsdkjàjt ds `dssah tmaj wa lbj gjnw dt absdoy usdjk tma

hbtbbsas dj tma ln`putar systa` ne lnurdar sarvdlas.

• +sdjk tmds ln`putard9ah systa`, doo dssuah prnlahura alnàs ebst.

• "j ln`putar systa` tma parsnj mbs tn edoo tma vbrdnus enr`s & juàr ne lnpdas ne tma

enr`s lbj a absdoy kajarbtah bt b tdà.• "j ln`putar systa`, dt ds jnt jalassbry tn lrabta tma @bjdeast ut wa lbj hdraltoy prdjt dt,

wmdlm sbvas nur tdà.

• "t lnjtbdj attar stnrbka lbpbldty.

• 2llurbly dj wnrg.

• 6bsy & ebst ratrdavbo ne djenr`btdnj.

• [aoo hasdkjah rapnrts.

• !alrabsa tma onbh ne tma parsnj djvnova dj a*dstdjk `bjubo systa`.

• 2llass ne bjy djenr`btdnj djhdvdhubooy.

• [nrg alnàs vary spaahy.

• 6bsy tn uphbta djenr`btdnj.

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"nr#djk ne $%dstdjk \ysta`3

Xmds systa` wdoo mbva hdeearajt `nhuoas. Xma onkdj saltdnj wdoo mbva onkdj ebldodty enr tma bh`dj

bjh enr tma usar wmn wdoo nparbta tmds systa`. [mdoa tbgdjk nrhars ern` dts lustnàrs, dt wdoo tbga

boo tma hatbdos ne dts lustnàrs wmn ds pobldjk tma nrhars bjh boo tma hatbdos enr tma raldpdajt sulm

bs dts bhhrass, jbà, `ndoa juàr. !urdjk doodjk prnlass systa` wdoo kajarbta b trblgdjk dh

enr tmadr prnhults. Xmrnukm tmds trblgdjk dh, lustnàrs nr dts raldpdajt wdoo boa tn trblg tmadr

prnhults ern` bjy onlbtdnj usdjk djtarjat. "t wdoo prnvdha stbtus ne tma prnhult betar pobldjk

nrhars wdtmdj # `djuta. Xmds systa` wdoo prnvdha djenr`btdnj raldpdajt wdtm enoonwdjk hatbdos$%

wmara tma lurrajt lnjsdkjàjt ds, tdoo wmaj dt wdoo rablmah dts edjbo hastdjbtdnj, de bjy haoby tmaj

rabsnj ne tma haoby, tma rnuta ne lurrajt lnjsdkjàjt, hbta ne pobldjk lnjsdkjàjt, edjbo hbta tn

rablm dts hastdjbtdnj.

[maj tma lnjsdkjàjt wdoo vdsdt tn tma ldty needla ne hastdjbtdnj, b àssbka wdoo a sajhah tn tma

raldpdajt wdtm haodvary stbtus lnjedr`btdnj. Xmaj betar kattdjk tmds àssbka dts raldpdajt lbj tbga

dts pbrlaos y usdjk tmadr Xrblg "h. [maj dts raldpdajt wdoo raladva tmadr pbrlaos, tmaj tmds Xrblg "h

wdoo a haoatah butn btdlbooy ern` tma systa` hbtbbsa betar # waag y sajhdjk edjbo

lnjedr`btdnj àssbka tn dts raldpdajt `ndoa juàr wmdlm wdoo djlouha djenr`btdnj ne Xrblg "h,

hbta ne raladvdjk bjh tdà bonjk wdtm kraatdjk àssbka enr prnvdhdjk eurtmar sarvdla dj eutura.

- (5) -




!absdfdodty \tuhy3

2etar hndjk tma systa` stuhy bjh bjboy9djk boo tma a*dstdjk nr ra'udrah eujltdnjbodtdas ne tma

systa`, tma ja*t tbsg ds tn hn tma eabsddodty stuhy enr tma prncalt. 2oo prncalts bra eabsdoa % kdvaj

ujod`dtah rasnurlas bjh djedjdta tdà.

<absddodty stuhy djlouhas lnjsdharbtdnj ne boo tma pnssdoa wbys tn prnvdha b snoutdnj tn tma kdvaj

prnoa`. Xma prnpnsah snoutdnj smnuoh sbtdsey boo tma usar ra'udraàjts bjh smnuoh a eoa*doa

ajnukm sn tmbt eutura lmbjkas lbj a absdoy hnja bsah nj tma eutura upln`djk ra'udraàjts.

&' $lnjn`dlbo !absdfdodty

Xmds ds b vary d`pnrtbjt bspalt tn a lnjsdharah wmdoa havaonpdjk b prncalt. [a haldhah

tma talmjnonky bsah nj `djdù` pnssdoa lnst ebltnr.

2oo mbrhwbra bjh snetwbra lnst mbs tn a nrja y tma nrkbjd9btdnj.

8varboo wa mbva astd btah tmbt tma ajaedts tma nrkbjd9btdnj ds kndjk tn raladva ern` tma

prnpnsah systa` wdoo suraoy nvarlnà tma djdtdbo lnsts bjh tma obtar nj rujjdjk lnst enr systa`.

' Xalmjdlbo !absdfdodty

Xmds djlouhah tma stuhy ne eujltdnj, parenr`bjla bjh lnjstrbdjts tmbt `by beealt tma

bdodty tn blmdava bj bllaptboa systa`. <nr tmds eabsddodty stuhy, wa stuhdah ln`poata

eujltdnjbodty tn a prnvdhah dj tma systa`, bs haslrdah dj tma \ysta` 1a'udraàjt \paldedlbtdnj5\1\;, bjh lmalgah de avarytmdjk wbs pnssdoa usdjk =dsubo (bsdl 4. bjh @\ 2llass.

L' parbtdnjbo !absdfdodty

n hnut tma prnpnsah systa` ds euooy 3+" bsah tmbt ds vary usar erdajhoy bjh boo djputs

tn a tbgaj boo saoe%a*pobjbtnry avaj tn b oby`bj. (asdhas, b prnpar trbdjdjk mbs aaj lnjhultah

tn oat gjnw tma assajla ne tma systa` tn tma usars sn tmbt tmay eaao lnènrtboa wdtm jaw systa`.

2s ebr nur stuhy ds lnjlarjah tma lodajts bra lnènrtboa bjh mbppy bs tma systa` mbs lut hnwj

tmadr onbhs bjh hndjk.

- (;) -




\ysta` *a+udraàjts3

\net,bra *a+udraàjt3

• 2pblma \arvar 7.

• Y?Y =arsdnj -.0 nr bnva

• @y\:> =arsdnj -.- nr bnva

• >btast rnwsar $ Lmnrà, <draen*, \bebrd atl

• 8parbtdjk \ysta` $ 2jy 5>dju*, [djhnws, @bl atl;

-brh,bra *a+udraàjts3

• Yrnlassnr Yajtdu` "= nr mdkmar varsdnj.

• 1b` #7I @( nr bnva

• ?brh !dsg #- @( nr bnva

- (=) -




&ltddty Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (4) -




Ln`pnjajt Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (29) -




Hbtbeon, Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (22) -




Lobss Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (26) -




Hapony`ajt Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (2<) -




$jtdty *aobtdnjsmdp Hdbkrb` enr Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt \ysta`

- (28) -




Yrncat Lbtaknry!

Vaobtdnjbo Hbtbfbsa @bjbkaàjt \ysta` (VHF@\) 3 Xmds ds bj VHF@\ fbsah

prncalt wmdlm ds lurrajtoy usdjk @y\R !nr boo tma trbjsbltdnj stbtaàjts" @y\R ds

bj npajsnurla VHF@\ \ysta`"

"rda# $jtrn%utdnj b&nut '"\@ !

# raobtdnjbo hbtbfbsa `bjbkaàjt systa` (VHF@\) ds b hbtbfbsa `bjbkaàjt

systa` (HF@\) tmbt ds fbsah nj tma raobtdnjbo `nhao bs dj$ajtah fy %" &" 'nhh n!

F@*s \bj +nsa Vasabrlm bfnrbtnry" @bjy pnpuobr hbtbfbsas lurrajtoy dj usa bra

fbsah nj tma raobtdnjbo hbtbfbsa `nhao"

VHF@\s mb$a falnà b prahn`djbjt lmndla !nr tma stnrbka n! dj!nr`btdnj dj jaw

hbtbfbsas usah !nr ,jbjldbo ralnrhs `bju!blturdjk bjh onkdstdlbo dj!nr`btdnj

parsnjjao hbtb bjh ùlm `nra sdjla tma -./9s" Vaobtdnjbo hbtbfbsas mb$a n!taj

rapoblah oakbly mdarbrlmdlbo hbtbfbsas bjh jatwnr2 hbtbfbsas falbusa tmay bra

absdar tn ujharstbjh bjh usa" 6nwa$ar raobtdnjbo hbtbfbsas mb$a faaj lmbooajkah

fy nfcalt hbtbfbsas wmdlm wara djtrnhulah dj bj btta`pt tn bhhrass tma nfcalt<

raobtdnjbo d`pahbjla `ds`btlm dj raobtdnjbo hbtbfbsa bjh 8@ hbtbfbsas"

- (21) -




'"@\ r*dtatura dbkrb`

+nn,sY,bt#nr`. /br%bra bj% \n#tbra 'audraàjt sadbtdnjs!

&nr sattdjk tmds aln`àrla pnrtbo dt ra1udras lartbdj talmjdlbo ra1udraàjts tn fa

àt !nr tma stnra tn nparbta prnparoy" &drst b waf sar$ar ùst fa lrabtah tn `b2atma aln`àrla stnra pufodloy b$bdobfoa nj tma waf" Hn`bdj jbàs bjh mnstdjk

sar$dlas lbj absdoy fa purlmbsah !nr bj b5nrhbfoa prdla" ;maj saoaltdjk b mnstdjk

sar$dla ynu smnuoh lmal2 tn saa tmbt tmasa sar$ar ra1udraàjts bra prn$dhah bjh

djstbooah nj tmadr waf sar$ars3

- (25) -




\n#tbra atbd,s #nr rujjdjk -Ln``ara Ynrtb,

• ;af \ar$ar (pra!arbfoy #pblma)

• =6= (bt oabst 4")• @y\R

• 'uro

'audra% Y/Y ,d&rbrdas `n%u,as

• 'uro

• 7=

• 7odf

• ?H dfrbry

• @lrypt

• @fstrdjks

Xma bfn$a =6= a0tajsdnjs smnuoh fa b$bdobfoa fy bo`nst boo mnstdjk prn$dhars

hurdjk tma djstboo prnlassb dt wdoo lmal2 ynu mb$a tma` boo ajbfoah" :nu smnuoh

lnjtblt ynur mnstdjk prn$dhar d! nja ds `dssdjk"

- (2;) -




$`,a`ajtbtdnj `at*n%n,nky!

@nhao >daw 'njtrnooar nr @>' bs dt ds pnpuobroy lbooah ds b sn!twbra hasdkj pbttarj

!nr ha$aonpdjk waf bppodlbtdnjs" # @nhao >daw 'njtrnooar pbttarj ds `bha up n! tma

!noonwdjk tmraa pbrts3

• @n%a, < Xma onwast oa$ao n! tma pbttarj wmdlm ds raspnjsdfoa !nr `bdjtbdjdjk

hbtb"• da < Xmds ds raspnjsdfoa !nr hdspobydjk boo nr b pnrtdnj n! tma hbtb tn tma

usar"• Lnjtrn,,ar < \n!twbra 'nha tmbt lnjtrnos tma djtarbltdnjs fatwaaj tma @nhao

bjh >daw"

@>' ds pnpuobr bs dt dsnobtas tma bppodlbtdnj onkdl !rn` tma usar djtar!bla obyar bjh

suppnrts sapbrbtdnj n! lnjlarjs" 6ara tma 'njtrnooar ralad$as boo ra1uasts !nr tma

bppodlbtdnj bjh tmaj wnr2s wdtm tma @nhao tn prapbra bjy hbtb jaahah fy tma >daw" Xma >daw tmaj usas tma hbtb prapbrah fy tma 'njtrnooar tn kajarbta b ,jbo

prasajtbfoa raspnjsa" Xma @>' bfstrbltdnj lbj fa krbpmdlbooy raprasajtah bs

!noonws"

@L (@n%a, da Lnjtrn,,ar ,n) dbkrb`

- (2=) -




\\+@ \$\

Xma bjboysds `nhao ds b lnjldsa praldsa bfstrbltdnj n! wmbt tmahasdrah systa` ùst hn bjh jnt mnw dt wdoo fa hnja b!tar tma

stuhy n! tma a0dstdjk systa` ds ln`poatah" Xmds fbsdlbooy

djlouhas systa` stuhy bjh tma ra1udraàjt bjboysds"

jtarbltdjk wdtm tma lodajts rakbrhdjk tmadr ra1udraàjts bjh

a0paltbtdnjs !rn` tma systa` hnas ra1udraàjt bjboysds"

+*a stas. *d* bra assajtdb, #nr systa` bjb,ysds. bra!

-" Vasabrlm bjh ha,ja assajtdbo ln`pnjajts"

" #jboyIa lurrajt prnlassas bjh dhajtd!y kbps"

B" jtar$daw usars Xrbdjaa Xrbdjars bjh ntmar lnjlarjah

parsnjjao rakbrhdjk assajtdbo ln`pnjajts bjh lurrajt

prnlassas"

" ;rdta ra1udraàjts hnluàjt"4" Ha,ja stbjhbrhs !nr stbjhbrhs pnodldas bjh prnlahuras"

L" Va$daw hrb!t ra1udraàjts hnluàjt wdtm usars Xrbdjaa

Xrbdjars bjh ntmar lnjlarjah parsnjjao"

" Aphbta bjh a0pbjh prncalt pobj"

- (24) -




$+$$L+$3 3

Ejodja dfrbry @bjbka`ajt \ysta`s haslrdfah bfn$a lbj oabh tn

arrnr !raa salura raodbfoa bjh !bst `bjbka`ajt systa` !nr odfrbry

"

t lbj bssdst tma stb5 tn lnjlajtrbta nj tmadr raobtah(!nr odfrbry)

bltd$dtdas rbtmar tn lnjlajtrbta nj tma ralnrhs bjh rapnrts n!

dssudjk fnn2s rakdstrbtdnj bjh suppodars" Xmds wdoo maop

nrkbjdIbtdnj dj fattar utdodIbtdnj n! mu`bj rasnurlas"

j tmds pmbsa tma usar dhajtd,as tma jaah !nr b jaw nr d`prn$ah

systa`" j obrka nrkbjdIbtdnjs tmds dhajtd,lbtdnj `by fa pbrt n! b

systa`s pobjjdjk prnlass"

- (69) -




Y'$@$' $\+$7+$3

"ajat tn 3rkbjd?btdnj

Xma nrkbjdIbtdnj wdoo nf$dnusoy fa bfoa tn kbdj faja,ts sulm bs

sb$djks dj nparbtdjk lnst rahultdnj dj pbparwnr2 fattar

utdodIbtdnj n! mu`bj rasnurlas bjh `nra prasajtbfoa d`bka

djlrabsdjk knnhwdoo" Xma ntmar faja,ts bra d`prn$ah sar$dla

bjh !bstar bjh fattar bllass tn up<tn<hbta dj!nr`btdnj"+*a $jdtdb, Lnst

Xma djdtdbo lnst n! sattdjk up tma systa` wdoo djlouha tma lnst n!

mbrhwbra (sar$arKlodajts jatwnr2 bhbptar bjh raobtah

mbrhwbra) sn!twbra (sar$ar E\ bhh<nj sn!twbra utdodtdas) M

obfnr (satup M `bdjtajbjla)" Xma sb`a mbs tn fabr fy tma

nrkbjdIbtdnj"

'ujjdjk Lnst

Fasdhas tma djdtdbo lnst tma onjk tar lnst wdoo djlouha tma

rujjdjk lnst !nr tma systa` djlouhdjk tma #@' fnn2 lmbrkas

lnst !nr mu`bj rasnurlas lnst !nr uphbtaKrajawbo n! $brdnus

raobtah sn!twbra"

aa% #nr +rbdjdjk

- (62) -




Xma usars bonjk wdtm tma bh`djdstrbtnr jaah tn fa trbdjah bt

tma tdà n! d`poaàjtbtdnj n! tma systa` !nr s`nntm rujjdjk n!

tma systa`" Xma lodajt wdoo prn$dha tma trbdjdjk sdta"

aaj%djk unj t*ds %ajdtdnj. wa bjboyIah tma prasajt

dfrbry @bjbkaàjt \ysta` hurdjk tma bjboysds prnlassD wa

mbh tn kn tmrnukm tma ajtdra `bjubo systa` tmbt wbs fadjk

!noonwah dj tma ErkbjdIbtdnj !nr pbst !aw yabrs"

;a tbo2ah tn tma `bjbkaàjt panpoa wmn wara `bjbkdjk b

tma ,jbjldbo dssuas n! tma lajtar stb5 wmn wara 2aapdjk tma

ralnrhs dj onts n! rakdstars bjh tma rapnrtdjk `bjbkar rakbrhdjk

tmadr a0dstdjk systa` tmadr ra1udraàjts bjh tmadr a0paltbtdnjs

!rn` tma jaw prnpnsah systa`" Xmaj wa hdh tma systa` stuhy

n! tma ajtdra systa` fbsah nj tmadr ra1udraàjts bjh tma

bhhdtdnjbo !abturas tmay wbjtah tn djlnrpnrbta dj tmds systa`"

Xma `bjubo systa` wbs $ary ln`poa0 tn fa `bjbkah bjh

sabrlmdjk nr uphbtdjk tma dj!nr`btdnj wbs bosn $ary hdCluot"

Xmara wbs b oajktmy prnlahura !nr ajtardjk tma hatbdos n!

fnn2s à`fars $dsdtnrs bjh tmaj `b2djk tmadr td`djks bjh

Fdoos"

- (66) -




Xma ntmar prnfoa` wdtm tma `bjubo systa` wbs n! rapnrt

kajarbtdnj" Xma rapnrts tn fa kajarbtah nj b

hbdoyKwaa2oyK`njtmoy fbsds ra1udrah ont n! pbpar wnr2 bjh

lboluobtdnjs atl" Xmus Vapnrtdjk @bjbkar mbh tn `bjubooy

lboluobta boo tma lnjsuotbtdnj !aas n! a$ary pobyar bt tma ajh n!

a$ary hbyKwaa2K`njtm" %$aj b s`boo lboluobtdnj `dstb2a wbs

oabhdjk tn rabjboysds bjh ralrabtdnj n! wmnoa wnr2"

- (6<) -




\$"$$+ \+0

#t tmds stbka tma bjboyst astd`btas tma urkajly n! tma prncalt bjh

astd`btas tma ha$aonpàjt lnst"

j !absdfdodty bjboysds wa mb$a tn stuhy tma !noonwdjk3

2)+a*jdb, absd&d,dty!

Xalmjdlbo !absdfdodty ds lnjlarjah wdtm tma b$bdobfdodty n!

mbrhwbra bjh sn!twbra ra1udrah !nr tma ha$aonpàjt n! tma

systa` tn saa ln`pbtdfdodty bjh `bturdty n! tma talmjnonky

prnpnsah tn fa usah bjh tn saa tma b$bdobfdodty n! tma

ra1udrah talmjdlbo `bjpnwar tn ha$aonp tma systa`"

#!tar tma stuhy wa lbà tn lnjlousdnj tmbt wa prnlaah

!urtmar wdtm tma tnnos bjh ha$aonpàjt aj$drnjàjt lmnsaj

fy us" Xmds wbs d`pnrtbjt dj nur lbsa bs wa wara wnr2djk nj

twn $brdnus pmbsas n! tma hapbrtàjt tmbt wdoo jaah tn fa

djtakrbtah dj !utura tn `b2a bj a0tajhah systa`"

6)3arbtdnjb, absd&d,dty!

Eparbtdnjbo !absdfdodty ds boo bfnut prnfoa`s tmbt `by brdsa

hurdjk nparbtdnjs" Xmara bra twn bspalts raobtah wdtm tmdsdssua3

- (68) -




• ;mbt ds tma prnfbfdodty tmbt tma snoutdnj ha$aonpah `by

jnt fa put tn usa nr `by jnt wnr2G

• ;mbt ds tma djlodjbtdnj n! tma `bjbkaàjt bjh ajh

usars tnwbrhs tma snoutdnjG Xmnukm tmara ds $ary oabst

pnssdfdodty n! `bjbkaàjt fadjk b$arsa tn tma snoutdnj

tmara ds b sdkjd,lbjt prnfbfdodty tmbt tma ajh usars `by

jnt fa djtarastah dj usdjk tma snoutdnj hua tn obl2 n!

trbdjdjk djsdkmt atl"

<)njn`d absd&d,dty!

t ds tma àbsura n! lnst a5altd$ajass n! tma prncalt" Xma

alnjn dl !absdfdodty ds jntmdjk fut cuhkdjk wmatmar tma

pnssdfoa faja,t n! sno$djk tma prnfoa`s ds wnrtmwmdoa n! jnt"

#t tma !absdfdodty stuhy oa$ao dt ds d`pnssdfoa tn astd`bta tma

lnst falbusa à`farOs ra1udraàjts bjh botarjbtd$a

snoutdnjs mb$a jnt faaj dhajtd,ah bt tmds stbka" 6nwa$ar

wmaj tma spald,l ra1udraàjts bjh snoutdnjs mb$a faaj

dhajtd,ah tma bjboyst wadkms tma lnst bjh faja,ts n! boo

snoutdnjs tmds ds lbooah lnst faja,t bjboysds"

- (61) -




Y'3:L+ Y$7

\n!twbra prncalt pobj lbj fa $dawah bs tma !noonwdjk3

-) >dt*dj t*a nrkbjdsbtdnj! 6nw tma prncalt ds tn fa

d`poaàjtahG ;mbt bra $brdnus lnjstrbdjts (tdà lnst

stb5)G ;mbt ds `br2at strbtakyG

) >dt* rasat tn t*a ustnàr! ;aa2oy nr tdàoy àatdjks

wdtm tma lustnàr wdtm prasajtbtdnj nj stbtus rapnrts"

'ustnàrs !aahfbl2 ds bosn tb2aj bjh !urtmar `nhd,lbtdnj

bjh ha$aonpàjts bra hnja" =rncalt `doastnjas bjh

haod$arbfoas bra bosn prasajtah tn tma lustnàr"

&nr b sullass!uo sn!twbra prncalt tma !noonwdjk staps lbj fa

!noonwah3

• \aoalt b prncalt

n hajtd!ydjk prncaltOs bd`s bjh nfcaltd$as

n Ajharstbjhdjk ra1udraàjts bjh spald,lbtdnj

n @atmnhs n! bjboysds hasdkj bjh d`poaàjtbtdnj

n Xastdjk talmjd1uas

n Hnluàjtbtdnj

- (65) -




• =rncalt `doastnjas bjh haod$arbfoas

• Fuhkat boonlbtdnj

n %0laahdjk od`dts wdtmdj lnjtrno

• =rncalt %std`btas

n 'nst

n Xd`a

n

\dIa n! lnha

n Hurbtdnj

• Vasnurla #oonlbtdnj

n 6brhwbra

n \n!twbra

n =ra$dnus raoa$bjt prncalt dj!nr`btdnj

n Hdkdtbo dfrbry

• Vds2 @bjbka`ajt

n Vds2 b$ndhbjla

n Vds2 hataltdnj

- (6;) -




Y'3:L+ \L/0$7

#j aoaàjtbry ?bjtt lmbrt nr Xdàodja lmbrt !nr tma ha$aonpàjt

pobj ds kd$aj faonw" Xma pobj a0pobdjs tma tbs2s $arsus tma tdà

(dj waa2s) tmay wdoo tb2a tn ln`poata"

+bjubry &afrubry @brlm

Va1udraàjt

?btmardjk

#jboysds

Hasdkj

'nhdjk

Xastdjk

`poaàjt

;-

;

;B

;

;-

;

;B

;

;-

;

;B

;

;d”s bra waa2s n! tma `njtms !nr d J- B

- (6=) -




\3+>' 'I0$'@+

\YL$$L+$3

Xma \n!twbra Va1udraàjts \pald,lbtdnj ds prnhulah bt tma

luo`djbtdnj n! tma bjboysds tbs2" Xma !ujltdnj bjh par!nr`bjla

boonlbtah tn sn!twbra bs pbrt n! systa` ajkdjaardjk bra ra,jah

fy astbfodsmdjk b ln`poata dj!nr`btdnj haslrdptdnj b hatbdoah

!ujltdnjbo bjh famb$dnrbo haslrdptdnj bj djhdlbtdnj n!

par!nr`bjla ra1udraàjts bjh hasdkj lnjstrbdjts bpprnprdbta

$bodhbtdnj lrdtardb bjh ntmar hbtb partdjajt tn ra1udraàjts"

2B $jtrn%utdnj

-"-" Yurnsa N Xma `bdj purpnsa tn `b2a tmds sn!twbra ds tn

n$ar lnà n! prnfoa`s n! hbtb fbsa mbjhodjk `bdjtbdj

rakdstars n! à`fars fnn2s bjh dj!nr`btdnj bfnut wnr2ar

wmdlm bra wnr2s bt dfrbry atl"-"" $jtaj%a% u%daja F Xmds \V\ ds àbjt !nr fbsdlbooy `y

,jbo saàstar prncalt rapnrt n! @'#" Fasdhas dt ds nf$dnusoy

tbrkatah !nr tma `bjbkars n! àjtdnjah lajtar tma lodajt tn

kat bjh n$arboo haslrdptdnj bjh bh$bjtbka n! tma prnpnsah

systa` n$ar tma a0dstdjk `bjubo systa`"

-"B" Yrn%ut dsdnj bj% \na F Xma prnpnsah systa` ds fadjk

ha$aonpah 2aapdjk dj `djh tma ra1udraàjtsKjaah n! tma lodajt

tn butn`bta dts a0dstdjk systa` !nr ralnrh 2aapdjk rapnrt

- (64) -




kajarbtdnj bjh `bjbkaàjt oa$ao dj!nr`btdnj systa`"

Yaapdjk dj `djh tma jaahs tma systa` mbs faaj ha$aonpah bs

par kudhaodjas obdh fy tma lodajtOs lajtar" Xma systa` ds lbpbfoa

ajnukm tn mbjhoa odfrbry ralnrhs fnn2Os ralnrhs à`farOs

ralnrhs $dsdtnrs ralnrhs rapnrt kajarbtdnj bjh stnrdjk ntmar

raobtah dj!nr`btdnj"

6B 3arb,, asrdtdnj

6B2 Yrn%ut Yarsatdas!

Xma prnpnsah systa` !boos ujhar VHF@\ (Vaobtdnjbo Hbtb

Fbsa @bjbkaàjt \ysta`) lbtaknry" mb$a bhnptah =6= bs !rnjt

ajh !nr tma sn!twbra bjh @:\R bs fbl2 ajh"

=6= ds bt prasajt nja n! tma `nst pnpuobr ha$aonpàjt

pobt!nr` !nr waf fbsah systa` tmbt ds aCldajt !nr waf

prnkrb``djk"

@:\R ds bt prasajt tma `nst raodbfoa bjh salura VHF@\ tnno"

@:\R \ar$ar wnr2s tn aCldajtoy `bjbka dts rasnurla b

hbtbfbsa n! dj!nr`btdnj b`njk tma ùotdpoa lodajts ra1uastdjk

bjh sajhdjk hbtb dj tma jatwnr2" @:\R mbs `bjy d`pnrtbjt

!abturas tmbt `b2a dt jnt njoy bj a0laptdnjbo hbtbfbsa

`bjbkaàjt systa` fut bosn bj a0laooajt hbtbfbsa sar$ar lmndla!nr lodajtKsar$ar hbtbfbsa ln`putdjk"

- (<9) -




\n tma n$arboo systa` wdoo prn$a tn raodbfoa salura bjh aCldajt

!nr tma nrkbjdIbtdnj"

6B6 Yrn%ut ujtdnjs

ujtdnjb,dtdas!

""- #jy parsnj lbj 1uary !nr fnn2s b$bdobfdodty bllnrhdjk tn

spald,ah lnjhdtdnjs"

""B# =arsnj lbj fnn2Klbjlao tma fnn2 njoy b!tar ma onks dj"

"""" # usar lbj sdkj up !nr b prn,oa d! ma hnasjOt mb$a njaborabhy"

""4Ej onkkdjk dj tma usar mbs nptdnjs tn

-" Fnn2 dssuah "

" %hdt =rn,oa dj!nr`btdnj

B" 'bjlaoobtdnj n! mds fnn2ah dssuah"

" >daw boo lurrajt fnn2s fnn2ah fy md`"

4" nknut

""L# parsnj lbj kat boo dj!nr`btdnj rakbrhdjk b odfrbry d! ma 2ays

dj dt"

- (<2) -




• # parsnj lbj kat boo dj!nr`btdnj bfnut b fnn2s d! ma 2ays dj

tma fnn2 dh"

• # parsnj lbj kat tma b$bdobfdodty n! boo fnn2s !nr tma ja0t 9

hbys"

• ECldbo à`fars bra suppnsa tn hn tmbt wnr2 wmdlm

hdstrdfutah fy tma bh`djdstrbtnr

• #h`djdstrbtnr nr bssdkjah nCldbo à`fars lbj

bhhK`nhd!yKhaoata odfrbry dj!nr`btdnj"


bhhK`nhd!yKhaoata sabt typa bllnrhdjk tmadr b$bdobfdodty bjh

kajarbta rapnrt"


bhhK`nhd!yKhaoata odfrbry dj!nr`btdnj"

• #h`djdstrbtnr nr bssdkjah nCldbo à`fars lbj ha,ja bjh

`bjbka lmbrkas dj!nr`btdnj"

• #h djdstrbtnr nr bssdkjah nCldbo à`fars lbj ha,ja

slmaà bjh `nhd!y tdà tn tdà bjh kajarbta rapnrt"

•#h`djdstrbtnr lbj bhhK`nhd!yKhaoata nCldbo à`far bjhkajarbta rapnrt"

- (<6) -




• #h djdstrbtnr lbj bhhK`nhd!yKhaoata usar dj!nr`btdnj bjh

kajarbta rapnrt"

6B<B 3arbtdjk jdrnjàjt F Xma prnpnsah sn!twbra ds tn

ruj nj lodajtKsar$ar `nhao jatwnr2"

# lodajtKsar$ar lbj haod$ar tma fattar par!nr`bjla tmbj tma

,oa sar$ar systa` falbusa b lodajt bppodlbtdnj bjh hbtbfbsa

sar$ar wnr2 tnkatmar tn spodt prnlassdjk onbh n! bppodlbtdnjs

(tmus tma tar` hdstrdfutah prnlassdjk)" Xma sar$ar `bjbkas

tma hbtbfbsa b`njk tma ju`far n! lodajts wmdoa tma lodajt

sajh ra1uast bjh bjboyIa tma hbtb ajtry !nr` wdtm s`boo

spald,l hbtb sat sulm bs rnws dj b tbfoa jnt ,oa bs dj tma ,oa

sar$ar systa`" # hbtbfbsa sar$ar ds djtaoodkajt ajnukm sn

tmbt dt onl2 bjh raturj njoy tma rnws b lodajt ra1uast wmdlm

ajsura lnjlurrajly `djd`dIa tma jatwnr2 trbCl bjh

djlrabsa tma systa` par!nr`bjla"

"" ssu`tdnjs bj% aaj%ajdas F ;mdoa lnst

astd`btdnj n! tma prnpnsah systa` dt mbs faaj bssuàh tmbt

tma lnst mbrhwbra bjh !nr odlajsa n! Eparbtdjk \ysta` bjh

fbl2 ajh wdoo fa àt fy lodajt (tma nrkbjdIbtdnj)" 6ajla njoytma lnst djlurrah !nr tma prnpnsah sn!twbra ds djlouhah

tmaradj"

- (<<) -




Xma !noonwdjks bra dhajtd,ah bs snà n! tma pntajtdbo rds2

!bltnrs nr hapajhajldas3

(-) nj<b$bdobfdodty n! ra1udrah rasnurlas"

() =nwar luts"

(B) \odppbka n! slmahuoa hua tn ujprahdltbfoa mnodhbys

atl"

6B1 d#a Ly,a @n%a, F b` usdjk \H' `nhao tmbt fakdj bt

systa` oa$ao bjh prnkrassas tmrnukm bjboysds hasdkj lnhdjk

tastdjk d`poaàjtbtdnj bjh `bdjtajbjla"

<B Htarjb, $jtar#ba 'audraàjts

B"- 0sar $jtar#bas F t mbs faaj ra1udrah tmbt a$ary !nrÒs

djtar!bla smnuoh fa usar !rdajhoy bjh sd`poa tn usa" Fasdhas

tmara smnuoh fa !bldodty n! bllassdjk tma systa` tmrnukm

2ayfnbrh bonjk wdtm tma `nusa d"a" 2ayfnbrh smnrtluts"

B" \n#tbra $jtar#bas F t mbs faaj ra1udrah tmbt tmara lnuoh

fa b jalassdty n! usdjk tma stnrah hbtb !nr snà 2djh n! rapnrt

tmbt ds jnt suppnrtah fy prnpnsah systa` bt prasajt" \n tma

prnpnsah systa` ds ra1udrah tn a0pnrt dts hbtb bs ta0t ,oa sn

tmbt snà ntmar bppodlbtdnj sn!twbra lbj d`pnrt tma hbtb"

8B \ysta` utura 'audraàjt N Etmar tmbj haslrdptdnjs

prn$dhah bfn$a tma !noonwdjk !abturas wara ra1udrah fy tma

- (<8) -




lodajt3

(-) Xma systa` smnuoh fa salurah ajnukm tn raoy

upnj"

() Asars smnuoh jnt fa boonwah tn haoataK`nhd!y bjy

ralnrhs"

(B) Asars smnuoh jnt fa boonwah tn tb2a ,jbjldbo

rapnrts"

() %$ary usars rapnrt smnuoh 2aap tma trbl2s n! usar

djputtdjk tma ralnrh"

(4) \ysta` smnuoh prn$dha !bldodty n! a0pnrtdjk dts hbtb

dj ta0t !nr`bt"

(L) \ysta` smnuoh fa bfoa tn djtakrbta wdtm dts =mbsa

ha$aonpàjts"

4" 3t*ar nj#ujtdnjb, 'audraàjts

b" Yar#nr`bja 'audraàjts F #s dt ds kndjk tn fa usah

fy boo tma lnjlarjah a`ponyaas wdtmdj tma nrkbjdIbtdnj

tma systa` smnuoh mb$a b knnh par!nr`bjla dj tar`s n!

spaah bjh bllurbly" Xma prnpnsah systa` smnuoh fa

bllurbta bjh !bst ajnukm tn mbjhoa muka hbtb" t smnuoh

prn$dha !bst ln`ùjdlbtdnj fatwaaj sar$ar bjh lodajts"

- (<1) -




f" \b#aty 'audraàjts F #s tma systa` ds kndjk tn mbjhoa

ralnrhs !nr b onjk ruj aod`djbtdjk tma `bjubo systa` dt ds

suppnsah tn ajsura tma ratbdjdjk n! hbtb b$ndhdjk nr

aod`djbtdjk bjy prnfbfoa lbusa !nr hbtb onss"

l" \aurdty 'audraàjts F Xma sn!twbra smnuoh jnt boonw

ujbutmnrdIah bllass tn bjy `nhuoa n! tma systa`"

Fasdhas dt smnuoh `bdjtbdj tma prd$doakas krbjtah tn usars

bt $brdnus usar oa$aos"

h" \n#tbra Iub,dty ttrd&utas F Xma prdnrdtdIbtdnj n! tmasn!twbra 1ubodty bttrdfutas bra bssuàh bs ujhar3

(-) #llurbta bjh majla raodbfoa"

() \alurah"

(B) &bst spaah"

() 'n`pbtdfdodty"

(4) =nrtbfdodty"

- (<5) -




\ysta` asdkj

j tmds pmbsa b onkdlbo systa` ds fudot wmdlm !uo,os tma kd$ajra1udraàjts" Hasdkj pmbsa n! sn!twbra ha$aonpàjt habos wdtm

trbjs!nr djk tma lustnàrOs ra1udraàjts djtn b onkdlbooy wnr2djk

systa " nr`booy hasdkj ds par!nr ah dj tma !noonwdjk dj tma

!noonwdjk twn staps3

-) Yrd`bry asdkj Y*bsa! j tmds pmbsa tma systa` ds

hasdkjah bt fonl2 oa$ao" Xma fonl2s bra lrabtah nj tma fbsdsn! bjboysds hnja dj tma prnfoa` dhajtd,lbtdnj pmbsa"

Hd5arajt fonl2s bra lrabtah !nr hd5arajt !ujltdnjs a`pmbsds

ds put nj `djd`dsdjk tma dj!nr`btdnj nw fatwaaj fonl2s"

Xmus boo bltd$dtdas wmdlm ra1udra `nra djtarbltdnj bra 2apt dj

nja fonl2"

) \anj%bry asdkj Y*bsa ! j tma salnjhbry pmbsa tma

hatbdoah hasdkj n! a$ary fonl2 ds par!nràh"

+*a kajarb, tbsAs djn,a% dj t*a %asdkj rnass bra t*a

#n,,ndjk!

" Hasdkj $brdnus fonl2s !nr n$arboo systa` prnlassas"

" Hasdkj s`booar ln`pblt bjh wnr2bfoa `nhuoas dj ablm

fonl2"

- (<;) -




" Hasdkj $brdnus hbtbfbsa strulturas"

>" \pald!y hatbdos n! prnkrb`s tn blmda$a hasdrah

!ujltdnjbodty"

>" Hasdkj tma !nr n! djputs bjh nutputs n! tma systa`"

>" =ar!nr` hnluàjtbtdnj n! tma hasdkj"

>" \ysta` ra$daws"

0sar $jtar#ba asdkj

Asar jtar!bla Hasdkj ds lnjlarjah wdtm tma hdbonkua fatwaaj b

usar bjh tma ln`putar" t ds lnjlarjah wdtm a$arytmdjk !rn`

stbrtdjk tma systa` nr onkkdjk djtn tma systa` tn tma a$ajtubooy

prasajtbtdnj n! hasdrah djputs bjh nutputs" Xma n$arboo nw n!

slraajs bjh àssbkas ds lbooah b hdbonkua"

+*a #n,,ndjk stas bra brdnus kud%a,djas #nr 0sar

$jtar#ba asdkj!

-) Xma systa` usar smnuoh bowbys fa bwbra n! wmbt tn hn ja0t"

) Xma slraaj smnuoh fa !nr`bttah sn tmbt $brdnus typas n!

dj!nr`btdnj djstrultdnjs bjh àssbkas bowbys bppabr dj tma

sbà kajarbo hdspoby brab"

- (<=) -




B) @assbka djstrultdnjs nr dj!nr`btdnj smnuoh fa hdspobyah

onjk ajnukm tn boonw tma systa` usar tn rabh tma`"

) Asa hdspoby bttrdfutas spbrdjkoy"

4) Ha!buot $bouas !nr ,aohs bjh bjswars tn fa ajtarah fy tma

usar smnuoh fa spald,ah"

L) # usar smnuoh jnt fa boonwah tn prnlaah wdtmnut lnrraltdjk

bj arrnr"

) Xma systa` usar smnuoh ja$ar kat bj nparbtdjk systa`

`assbka nr !btbo arrnr"

- (<4) -




+\+$7

Xastdjk ds tma prnlass dj wmdlm tma systa` ds ruj nj `bjubooy

lrabtah djput sn tmbt tma systa` ds lnrraltoy wnr2djk bs hasdrah nr

jnt"

Hurdjk systa`s tastdjk tma systa` ds usah a0pard`ajtbooy tn

ajsura tmbt tma sn!twbra hnas jnt !bdo" j ntmar wnrhs wa lbj sby

tmbt dt wdoo ruj bllnrhdjk tn dts spald,lbtdnjs bjh dj tma wby usars

a0palt" \paldbo tast hbtb bra djput !nr prnlassdjk bjh tma rasuots

a0b`djah"

# od`dtah ju`far n! usars `by fa boonwah tn usa tma systa` sn

tmbt bjboyst lbj saa wmatmar tmay try tn usa dt dj uj!nrasaaj

wbys" t ds hasdrbfoa tn hdsln$ar bjy surprdsas fa!nra tma

nrkbjdIbtdnj d`poa`ajts tma systa` bjh hapajhs nj dt"

Xastdjk n! b systa` ds kajarbooy hnja dj twn pmbsas N Eja ds 0jdt

+astdjk wmdlm ds hnja !nr ablm `nhuoa djhapajhajtoy nj dts

ln`poatdnj bjh tma ntmar nja ds \ysta` +astdjk wmdlm ds hnja

bt tma ajh n! b prncalt"

- (89) -




$+$3 L'$+'$

Xma $bodhbtdnj lrdtardb dj tmds prncalt bra bs !noonws"""

j %<'n`àrla =nrtbo \ysta` bosn tma usar djputs bra$bodhbtah fa!nra stnrdjk tma` bjh tmaj !urtmar !nr hdspobydjk atl"

Xma `bdj $bodhbtdnjs tmbt bra hnja dj %<'n`àrla =nrtbo \ysta`

bra bs !noonws N

#oo tma slraajs mb$a b sd`dobr onn2 bjh !aao" Xmay boo mb$a tma

bo`nst sbà lnonr ln`fdjbtdnjs dj dts fbl2krnujh" Xmds prn$dhas

b fattar usar djtar!bla tn tma usars"

-) Xma prd`bry 2ay $bouas lbjjnt fa hupodlbtah"

) #oo tma ajtrdas dj bjy ln`fn fn0 mb$a faaj snrtah dj

bopmbfatdlbo nrhar" Xmds maops b usar wmdoa saoaltdjk b $boua

!rn` tma ln`fn fn0"

$@Y3'+L 3 +\+$7Hurdjk systa`s tastdjk tma systa` ds usah a0pardàjtbooy tn

ajsura tmbt tma sn!twbra hnas jnt !bdo" j ntmar wnrhs wa lbj sby

tmbt dt wdoo ruj bllnrhdjk tn dts spald,lbtdnjs bjh dj tma wby usars

a0palt" \paldbo tast hbtb bra djput !nr prnlassdjk bjh tma rasuots

a0b`djah"

Xma d`pnrtbjla n! systa` tastdjk ds tmbt tma systa` ds

a0paltah tn ruj bllnrhdjk tn à`farOs ra1udraàjt fa!nra

haod$ardjk dt tn tma lustnàr"

- (82) -




Xma \ysta` ds tastah nj tma fbsds n! spald,lbtdnj sn tmbt dt

hnas jnt !bdo nj usar sdta"

- (86) -




D poa ajtbtdnj bjh Xastdjk

D poa ajtbtdnj

atbd,a% asdkj n# $`,a`ajtbtdnj < Xmds pmbsa ne tma systa s

havaonp ajt odea lyloa rafljas mbrhwbra bjh snetwbra spaldfllbtdnjs,

astbfodsmas prnkrb `djk pobjs, trbdjs usars bjh dpoa ajts

axtajsdva tastdjk prnlahuras, tn avboubta hasdkj bjh nparbtdjk

spaldfllbtdnjs bjh/nr prnvdha tma fbsds enr eurtmar nhdfllbtdnj.

+a*jdb, asdkj < Xmds bltdvdty fudohs upnj spaldfllbtdnjs

prnhulah hurdjk jaw systa hasdkj, bhhdjk hatbdoah talmjdlbo

spaldfllbtdnjs bjh hnlu ajtbtdnj.

+ast \adbtdnjs bj% Y,bjjdjk < Xmds bltdvdty prapbras

hatbdoah tast spaldfllbtdnjs enr djhdvdhubo nhuoas bjh prnkrb s, cnf

strab s, sufsysta s, bjh enr tma systa bs b wmnoa.

Yrnkrb``djk bj% +astdjk < Xmds bltdvdty ajln pbssas bltubo

havaonp ajt, wrdtdjk, bjh tastdjk ne prnkrb ujdts nr nhuoas"

0sar +rbdjdjk < Xmds bltdvdty ajln pbssas wrdtdjk usar prnlahura

`bjubos, prapbrbtdnj ne usar trbdjdjk `btardbos, lnjhultdjk

- (8<) -




trbdjdjk prnkrb s, bjh tastdjk prnlahuras.

atbja +ast - B fljbo prnlahurbo ravdaw tn ha njstrbta b

systa bjh salura usar bpprnvbo faenra b systa faln as

nparbtdnjbo"

$jstb,,btdnj Y*bsa - Dj tmds pmbsa tma jaw Ln putardzah systa

ds djstbooah, tma lnjvarsdnj tn jaw prnlahuras ds euooy dpoa ajtah,

bjh tma pntajtdbo ne tma jaw systa ds axponrah.

\ysta` $jstb,,btdnj3 Xma prnlass ne stbrtdjk tma bltubo usa ne b

systa bjh trbdjdjk usar parsnjjao dj dts nparbtdnj.

'ada Y*bsa < Xmds pmbsa avboubtas tma sullassas bjh ebdouras

hurdjk b systa s havaonp ajt prncalt, bjh tn absura tma rasuots

ne b jaw Ln putardzah Xrbjsysta dj tar s ne fajaflts bjh sbvdjks

prncaltah bt tma stbrt ne tma prncalt.

aa,nàjt 'ab < B ravdaw ne b prncalt dàhdbtaoy betar

ln poatdnj tn fljh sullassas bjh pntajtdbo prnfoa s dj eutura wnrg.

Ynst-$`,aàjtbtdnj 'ada < B ravdaw, lnjhultah betar b jaw

systa mbs faaj dj nparbtdnj enr sn a tda, tn avboubta bltubo

systa parenr bjla bkbdjst nrdkdjbo axpaltbtdnjs bjh prncaltdnjs

- (88) -




enr lnst-fajaflt dprnva ajts. Bosn dhajtdflas bdjtajbjla prncalts

tn ajmbjla nr dprnva tma systa .

+/ \+Y\ $ +/ \3+>' +\+$7

+*a stas djn,a% %urdjk 0jdt tastdjk bra bs #n,,ns!

b) =rapbrbtdnj n! tma tast lbsas"

f) =rapbrbtdnj n! tma pnssdfoa tast hbtb wdtm boo tma $bodhbtdnj

lmal2s"

l) 'n`poata lnha ra$daw n! tma nhuoa"

h) #ltubo tastdjk hnja `bjubooy"

a) @nhd,lbtdnjs hnja !nr tma arrnrs !nujh hurdjk tastdjk"

!) =rapbrah tma tast rasuot slrdpts"

+*a ujdt tastdjk %nja dj,u%a% t*a tastdjk n# t*a #n,,ndjk

dta`s!

-) &ujltdnjbodty n! tma ajtdra `nhuoaK!nr`s") >bodhbtdnjs !nr usar djput"

B) 'mal2djk n! tma 'nhdjk stbjhbrhs tn fa `bdjtbdjah hurdjk

lnhdjk"

) Xastdjk tma `nhuoa wdtm boo tma pnssdfoa tast hbtb"

4) Xastdjk n! tma !ujltdnjbodty dj$no$djk boo typa n! lboluobtdnjs

atl"

L) 'n``ajtdjk stbjhbrh dj tma snurla ,oas"

#!tar ln`poatdjk tma Ajdt tastdjk n! boo tma `nhuoas tma wmnoa

- (81) -




systa` ds djtakrbtah wdtm boo dts hapajhajldas dj tmbt `nhuoa"

;mdoa \ysta` jtakrbtdnj ;a djtakrbtah tma `nhuoas nja fy nja

bjh tastah tma systa` bt ablm stap" Xmds maopah dj rahultdnj n!

arrnrs bt tma td`a n! tma systa` tastdjk"

+*a stas djn,a% %urdjk \ysta` tastdjk bra bs #n,,ns!

• jtakrbtdnj n! boo tma `nhuoasK!nr`s dj tma systa`"

• =rapbrbtdnj n! tma tast lbsas"

• =rapbrbtdnj n! tma pnssdfoa tast hbtb wdtm boo tma $bodhbtdnj

lmal2s"

• #ltubo tastdjk hnja `bjubooy"

• Valnrhdjk n! boo tma raprnhulah arrnrs"

• @nhd,lbtdnjs hnja !nr tma arrnrs !nujh hurdjk tastdjk"

• =rapbrah tma tast rasuot slrdpts b!tar raltd,lbtdnj n! tma

arrnrs"

+*a \ysta` +astdjk %nja dj,u%a% t*a tastdjk n# t*a

#n,,ndjk dta`s!

-" &ujltdnjbodty n! tma ajtdra systa` bs b wmnoa"

" Asar jtar!bla n! tma systa "

B" Xastdjk tma hapajhajt `nhuoas tnkatmar wdtm boo tma pnssdfoa

- (85) -




tast hbtb slrdpts"

" >ard,lbtdnj bjh >bodhbtdnj tastdjk"

4" Xastdjk tma rapnrts wdtm boo dts !ujltdnjbodty"

#!tar tma ln`poatdnj n! systa` tastdjk tma ja0t !noonwdjk pmbsa

wbs tma #llaptbjla Xastdjk" 'odajts bt tmadr ajh hdh tmds bjh

bllaptah tma systa` wdtm bppraldbtdnj"

Xmus wa rablmah tma ,jbo pmbsa n! tma prncalt haod$ary"

Xmara bra ntmar sd0 tasts wmdlm !boo ujhar spaldbo lbtaknry" Xmay

bra haslrdfah faonw3

dB YabA nb% +ast! t hatar`djas wmatmar tma systa` wdoo

mbjhoa tma $nouà n! bltd$dtdas tmbt nllur wmaj tma systa`

ds bt tma pab2 n! dts prnlassdjk ha`bjh" &nr a0b`poa tast

tma systa` fy bltd$btdjk boo tar`djbos bt tma sbà tdà"

ddB \tnrbka +astdjk! t hatar`djas tma lbpbldty n! tma systa`

tn stnra trbjsbltdnj hbtb nj b hds2 nr dj ntmar ,oas"

dddB Yar#nr`bja +dà +astdjk! dt hatar`djas tma oajktm n!

tdà systa` usah fy tma systa` tn prnlass trbjsbltdnj hbtb"

Xmds tast ds lnjhultah prdnr tn d`poaàjtbtdnj tn hatar`dja

mnw onjk dt tb2as tn kat b raspnjsa tn bj dj1udry `b2a b

fbl2up lnpy n! b ,oa nr sajh b trbjs`dssdnj bjh kat b

raspnjsa"

- (8;) -




dB 'anary +astdjk! Xmds tastdjk hatar`djas tma bfdodty n!

usar tn raln$ar hbtb nr ra<stbrt systa` b!tar !bdoura" &nr

a0b`poa onbh fbl2up lnpy n! hbtb bjh rasu`a prnlassdjk

wdtmnut hbtb nr djtakrdty onss"

B Yrna%ura +astdjk! t hatar`djas tma lobrdty n!

hnlu`ajtbtdnj nj nparbtdnj bjh usas n! systa` fy mb$djk

usars hn a0bltoy wmbt `bjubos ra1uast" &nr a0b`poa

pnwardjk hnwj systa` bt tma ajh n! waa2 nr raspnjhdjk tn

pbpar<nut odkmt nj prdjtar"

dB /u`bj btnrs +astdjk! t hatar`djas mnw usars wdoo usa

tma systa` wmaj prnlassdjk hbtb nr prapbrdjk rapnrts"

- (8=) -




L3\+ \+$@+$3 3 +/ Y'3:L+

\n!twbra lnst ln`prdsas b s`boo parlajtbka n! n$arboo ln`putar<

fbsah systa` lnst" Xmara bra b ju`far n! !bltnrs wmdlm bra

lnjsdharah tmbt lbj b5alt tma uotd`bta lnst n! tma sn!twbra sulm

bs < mu`bj talmjdlbo 6brhwbra bjh \n!twbra b$bdobfdodty atl"

Xma `bdj pndjt tmbt wbs lnjsdharah hurdjk tma lnst astd`btdnj n!

rncat wbs dts sdIdjk" j spdta n! ln`poata sn!twbra sdIdjk

!ujltdnj pndjt bjh bpprn0d`bta odjas n! lnha wara bosn usah tn

sdIa ablm aoaàjt n! tma \n!twbra bjh tmadr lnstdjk"

Xma lnst astd btdnj hnja fy à !nr Yrncat bosn hapajh upnj tma

fbsaodja àtrdls lnooaltah !rn` pbst prncalts bjh tmasa wara usah

dj lnjcujltdnj wdtm astd`btdnj $brdbfoas tn ha$aonp lnst bjh a5nrt

prncaltdnjs"

;a mb$a fbsdlbooy astd`btah tmds prncalt `bdjoy nj twn fbsas <

2) Enrt std`btdnj - Xmds ra!ars tn tma tntbo `bj<mnurs

ra1udrah !nr tma ha$aonpàjt n! tma prncalt" t a$aj djlouhas tma

tdà ra1udrah !nr hndjk hnluàjtbtdnj bjh usar `bjubo"

6) /br%bra 'audra% std`btdnj - Xmds djlouhas tma lnst n!

tma ='s bjh tma mbrhwbra lnst ra1udrah !nr ha$aonpàjt n! tmds

prncalt"

- (84) -




7++ L/'+

Cbjubry Eafrubry @brlm

Vaqudra`ajt Kbtmardjk

Bjboysds

Hasdkj

Lnhdjk

Xastdjk

D`poa`ajt

;

-

;

;

B

;

;

-

;

;

B

;

;

-

;

;

B

;

[d” s bra aa!s n" tma `njtms# "nr d $%# &# '# (

- (19) -




0sar

\raaj

asdjk

- (12) -




bj%$jtar#ba

- (16) -




- (1<) -




- (18) -




- (11) -




- (15) -




- (1;) -




- (1=) -




- (14) -




- (59) -




- (52) -




- (56) -




- (5<) -




- (58) -




- (51) -




- (55) -




- (5;) -




- (5=) -




- (54) -




- (;9) -




- (;2) -




- (;6) -




Ln%a n# t*a Yrncat Lnurdar @bjbka`ajt

\ysta`

Gpmp

KQQ

Q U,oa

Q Xma =6= pbka tmbt sar$as boo pbka ra1uasts nj b Hrupbo

djstboobtdnj"

Q

Q Xma rnutdjas mara hdspbtlm lnjtrno tn tma bpprnprdbta mbjhoar

wmdlm tmaj

Q prdjts tma bpprnprdbta pbka"

Q

Q #oo Hrupbo lnha ds raoabsah ujhar tma ?A ?ajarbo =ufodl

dlajsa"

Q \aa 'E=:V?6X"t0t bjh '%\%"t0t"

QK

KQQ

Q Vnnt hdraltnry n! Hrupbo djstboobtdnj" QK

ha,ja(*HVA=#[VEEX* katlwh())D

- (;<) -




ra1udra[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *KdjlouhasKfnntstrbp"djl*D

hrupbo[fnntstrbp(HVA=#[FEEX\XV#=[&A)D

àju[a0aluta[bltd$a[mbjhoar()D

'nha n! 'nurdar !atlm3

Gpmp

KQQ Q U,oa

Q Xma `bdj butnbssdkjrnoa"`nhuoa ,oa

Q

Q Hasdkjbta b rnoa tn bssdkj boo jaw usars tn dj bhhdtdnj tn

prn$dhdjk b

Q àlmbjds` !nr jaw usars tn saoalt b rnoa nr rnoa !nr tmadr

bllnujt"

QK

KK \bys tn usa aoaàjt n! typa rbhdn !nr rnoa saoaltdnj"

ha,ja(*#AXE#\\?VE%[%%@%X[V#HE['6%'YFE8* 9)D

KK \bys tn usa aoaàjt n! typa saoalt !nr rnoa saoaltdnj"

ha,ja(*#AXE#\\?VE%[%%@%X[\%%'X* -)D

- (;8) -




KK \ats tma pbka hdspoby !nr stbjhbrh"

ha,ja(*#AXE#\\?VE%[=#?%[H\=#:[\X#H#VH* 9)D

KK \ats tma pbka hdspoby !nr djhd$dhubo"

ha,ja(*#AXE#\\?VE%[=#?%[H\=#:[H>HA#* -)D

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[par`dssdnj()"

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[par`dssdnj() ] raturj brrby(

*bh`djdstar butnbssdkjrnoa* JT brrby(

*tdtoa* JT t(*#h`djdstar butn bssdkj rnoa*)

*haslrdptdnj* JT t(*=ar!nr` bh`djdstrbtdnj tbs2s !nr butn

bssdkj rnoa"*)

)

)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[àju()"

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[àju() ]

Wdta`s J brrby()D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoa*P J brrby(

- (;1) -




*tdtoa* JT *#utn bssdkj rnoa*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'nj,kura butn rnoa bssdkjàjt"*

*bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bh`djdstar butnbssdkjrnoa*)

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[bh`dj[fonl2[pbka*

*,oa* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa"bh`dj"djl*

)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKbutn*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *#utn`btdl*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'nj,kura wmdlm rnoa(s) bra butn`btdlbooy

bssdkjah nj usar lrabtdnj"* *bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bh`djdstar butnbssdkjrnoa*)

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *hrupbo[kat[!nr`*

*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssdkjrnoa[butn[sattdjks*)


)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKusar*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Asar lmndla*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'nj,kura tma bfdodty !nr bj ajh usar tn lmnnsa

tmadr nwj rnoas hurdjk rakdstrbtdnj"*



*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[sattdjks*)


)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKpbkas*P J brrby(

- (;5) -




*tdtoa* JT *=ar Vnoa =bkas*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'nj,kura djhd$dhubo pbkas tn boonw usar tn

sdkj up !nr b pbrtdluobr rnoa*


*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[odst[pbkas*


)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKpbkasKbhh*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *#hh #utn #ssdkj Vnoa =bka*

*bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bh`djdstar butnbssdkjrnoa*) *pbka lboofbl2* JT *hrupbo[kat[!nr`*

*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssdkjrnoa[pbka[!nr`* *bhh*)

*typa* JT @%A[E'#[#'XE


)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKpbkasKahdtKZ*P J

brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *%hdt #utn #ssdkj Vnoa =bka*



*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*butnbssdkjrnoa[pbka[!nr`* *ahdt*

L)


)D

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKpanpoaKbutnbssdkjrnoaKpbkasKhaoataKZ*P J

- (;;) -




brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Haoata #utn #ssdkj Vnoa =bka*



*pbka brkuàjts* JT

brrby(*butnbssdkjrnoa[pbka[haoata[lnj,r`* L)


)D

Wpbkas J butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[pbkas()D !nrablm (Wpbkas bs Wpbka) ]

Wrdhs J ujsardbodIa(Wpbka<Trdhs)D

swdtlm (Wpbka<Thdspoby) ]

lbsa #AXE#\\?VE%[=#?%[H\=#:[\X#H#VH3

Wdta`s_Wpbka<TpbtmP J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT lmal2[pobdj(Wpbka<Ttdtoa)

*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(Wrdhs)

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[rakdstar*

*bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[rakdstar[bllass*

*,oa* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa"pbtms"djl*

*typa* JT @%A[EV@#[X%@

*àju[jbà* JT Wpbka<Tàju

)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Krakdstar*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Vakdstar*

- (;=) -








*typa* JT @%A[H%&#AX[E'#[X#\Y

)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Konkdj*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *nk j*

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[onkdj*

*bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[ds[bjnjy`nus* *,oa* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa"pbtms"djl*

*typa* JT @%A[E'#[X#\Y

)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Kpbsswnrh*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Va1uast aw =bsswnrh*

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[pbsswnrh*

*bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[ds[bjnjy`nus*


*typa* JT @%A[E'#[X#\Y

)D

frab2D

lbsa #AXE#\\?VE%[=#?%[H\=#:[H>HA#3

Wdta`s_Wpbka<TpbtmP J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT lmal2[pobdj(Wpbka<Ttdtoa)

- (;4) -








*typa* JT @%A['#F#'Y

)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Krakdstar*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Vakdstar*


*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[rakdstar* *bllass lboofbl2* JT *usar[rakdstar[bllass*



)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Konkdj*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *nk j*

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[onkdj*




)D

Wdta`s_Wpbka<Tpbtm " *Kpbsswnrh*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *Va1uast aw =bsswnrh*

*pbka lboofbl2* JT *butnbssdkjrnoa[pbsswnrh*


- (=9) -






)D

frab2D

S

S

raturj Wdta`sD

S

KQQ

Q &djhs bjy rnoa dhs bttblmah tn lurrajt pbka d! bjy"

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[bltd$a[pbtm[rdh() ]

Wdta` J àju[kat[dta`()D

d! (Wdta`_*pbka[lboofbl2*P JJ *butnbssdkjrnoa[rakdstar*) ]

raturj Wdta`_*pbka[brkuàjts*P_9PD

S

raturj &#\%D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[usar[prasb$a()"

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[prasb$a(MWahdt Wbllnujt

- (=2) -




Wlbtaknry) ]

KK Asa lbsa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKjnhaK.-L

KK @b2a sura wa njoy bssdkj rnoas butn`btdlbooy wmaj ajbfoah tn

hn sn"

d! ($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[butn[bltd$a* 9) ^^

$brdbfoa[kat(butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[bltd$a 9)

^^ ($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[bh`dj[bltd$a* 9) MM

usar[bllass(*bh`djdstar usars*))

^^ butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[bltd$a[pbtm[rdh()) ]

KK Asa lbsa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKjnhaK./L KK Ejoy bssdkj rnoas d! tmds ds b jaw bllnujt"

d! (dssat(Wbllnujt<Tds[jaw) MM ia`pty(Wbllnujt<Tds[jaw)) ]

KK ?at tma a0dstdjk usar rnoas wdtm tma a0laptdnj n! tma

bjnjy`nus rnoa"

Wusar[rnoas J usar[rnoas(XVA%)D

Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby()D

KK #hh dj butn`btdl rnoas"

d! (($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[butn[bltd$a* 9) MM i

usar[bllass(*bh`djdstar usars*))

^^ ($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[bh`dj[bltd$a* 9) MM

usar[bllass(*bh`djdstar usars*))) ]

Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[djtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoas

brrby[,otar($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[butn[rnoas* brrby())))D

S

- (=6) -




KK #hh dj usar saoaltah rnoas d! bjy"

d! ($brdbfoa[kat(butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[bltd$a 9) MM i

a`pty(Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P)) ]

KK >boua ds b sdjkoa lnj$art tn brrby"

d! (ids[brrby(Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P)) ]

Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P J brrby(Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P JT

Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P)D

S

Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[djtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoasbrrby[,otar(Wahdt_*usar[rnoas*P))D

S

KK #hh pbka<spald,l rnoas"

Wpbka[rdhs J butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[bltd$a[pbtm[rdh()D

d! (Wpbka[rdhs) ]

Wrnoas[tn[bhh J brrby[djtarsalt[2ay(Wusar[rnoas

brrby[,otar(Wpbka[rdhs))D

S

KK @b2a sura tma rnoas 2ay a0dsts"

d! (idssat(Wahdt_*rnoas*P)) ]

Wahdt_*rnoas*P J brrby()D

S

- (=<) -




KK #hh dj tma jaw rnoas tn n$arrdha tma lurrajt rnoas"

Wahdt_*rnoas*P J Wrnoas[tn[bhh Wahdt_*rnoas*PD

S

S

S

KQQ

Q `poa`ajts mnn2[!nr`[&EV@[H[botar() !nr

usar[rakdstar[!nr`()"

QK!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[!nr`[usar[rakdstar[!nr`[botar(MW!nr`

MW!nr`[stbta) ]

d! ($brdbfoa[kat(butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[bltd$a 9) MM i

usar[bllass(*bh`djdstar usars*)

MM ibutnbssdkjrnoa[kat[bltd$a[pbtm[rdh()) ]

KK ?at b odst n! $bodh rnoas tmbt lbj fa saoaltah"

Wrnoas J brrby[djtarsalt[2ay(usar[rnoas(XVA%)

brrby[,otar($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[rnoas* brrby())))D

d! (Wrnoas) ]

W!nr`_*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar*P J brrby(

*typa* JT *,aohsat*

*tdtoa* JT

,otar[0ss($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[,aohsat[tdtoa* t(*Asar

- (=8) -




Vnoas*)))

*lnoobpsdfoa* JT &#\%

*lnoobpsah* JT &#\%

)D

KK \nrt tma rnoas"

d! ($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[snrt* *\EVX[#\'*) JJ

*\EVX[#\'*) ]

bsnrt(Wrnoas)D

S aosad! ($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[snrt* *\EVX[H%\'*)

JJ *\EVX[H%\'*) ]

brsnrt(Wrnoas)D

S

aosa ]

hrupbo[snrt[wadkmt(Wrnoas Wrnoas)D

S

W`uotdpoa J $brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[`uotdpoa* 9)D

Wusar[saoaltdnj J

$brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[saoaltdnj*

#AXE#\\?VE%[%%@%X[V#HE['6%'YFE8)D

Wtypa J *saoalt*D

d! (Wusar[saoaltdnj JJ

- (=1) -




#AXE#\\?VE%[%%@%X[V#HE['6%'YFE8) ]

Wtypa J Wusar[saoaltdnj JJ

#AXE#\\?VE%[%%@%X[V#HE['6%'YFE8 MM iWùotdpoa G

*rbhdns* 3 *lmal2fn0as*D

S

KK ! jnt ùotdpoa jnt ra1udrah saoalt fn0 jaah b jnja

saoaltdnj"

d! (iWùotdpoa MM i$brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[ra1udrah*

9) MM Wtypa JJ *saoalt*) ] Wrnoas J brrby(9 JT t(*nja*)) WrnoasD

S

KK #hh dj tma aoaàjt"

W!nr`_*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar*P_*usar[rnoas*P J brrby(

*typa* JT Wtypa

*tdtoa* JT ,otar[0ss($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[tdtoa*

t(*Vnoa*)))

*nptdnjs* JT Wrnoas

*haslrdptdnj* JT

,otar[0ss($brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[haslrdptdnj* t(*\aoalt

b rnoa*)))

*ra1udrah* JT $brdbfoa[kat(*butnbssdkjrnoa[usar[ra1udrah*

9)

*ùotdpoa* JT Wùotdpoa

- (=5) -




)D

S

S

S

KQQ

Q &ujltdnj tn ratrda$a boo rnoa<spald,l pbkas"

Q

Q Uraturj \aoaltRuary

Q #j brrby n! pbka nfcalts" QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[pbkas() ]

W1uary J [butnbsdkjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary()D

raturj W1uary<Ta0aluta()D

S

KQQ

Q &ujltdnj tn kat rnoa<spald,l pbka hatbdos"

Q

Q Upbrb` djt Wdh

Q Xma dh n! tma pbka tn fa uphbtah"

Q

Q Uraturj \aoaltRuary

Q # 1uary nfcalt wdtm boo pbka hatbdos"

QK

- (=;) -




!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[pbka(Wdh) ]

W1uary J [butnbsdkjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary()D

W1uary<Tlnjhdtdnj(*rdh[pbka[dh* Wdh *J*)D

raturj W1uary<Ta0aluta()<T!atlmEfcalt()D

S

KQQ

Q 6aopar àtmnh !nr kattdjk tma pbka 1uary nfcalt"

Q

Q Uraturj \aoaltRuary Q Xma 1uary nfcalt"

QK

!ujltdnj [butnbsdkjrnoa[kat[pbka[1uary() ]

raturj hf[saoalt(*butnbssdkjrnoa[pbka* *p*)

<T,aohs(*p* brrby(

*rdhs*

*pbtm*

*tdtoa*

*àju*

*hdspoby*

))D

S

'nha n! Vnoa #ssdkjàjt3

Gpmp

- (==) -




KQQ

Q U,oa

Q =btms usah !nr butnbssdkjrnoa lrabtah usar pbkas"

Q

Q #utnbssdkjrnoa boonws bj bh`dj tn lrabta spald,l rakdstar onkdj

bjh rasat

Q pbsswnrh pbkas !nr b pbrtdluobr sat n! rnoas" Xma `aju lboofbl2

brku`ajts

Q !nr tmasa pbkas bra ha,jah mara" Q

Q Xmasa !ujltdnjs sd`poy lboo tma stbjhbrh usar !nr`s !rn` Hrupbo

lnra tma

Q rabsnj wa wrbp tma` od2a tmds ds sn tmbt wa lbj hatalt wmaj

nja n! nur

Q rnoa<spald,l pbkas bra fadjk lbooah rbtmar tmbj tma ha!buot

njas"

QK

KK;a ra1udra tmds ,oa !rn` tma usar `nhuoa tn kat tma usar[pbss

!nr`"

ra1udra[njla hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* *usar*) " *Kusar"pbkas"djl*D

KQQ

Q nbhs tma usar rakdstrbtdnj !nr`"

- (=4) -




Q

Q Wrdh ds jnt bltubooy usah dj tma !ujltdnj fut fy pbssdjk dt wa lbj

,jh nut

Q wmdlm rnoas bra `abjt tn fa bhhah tn tma jaw usar fy usdjk

Q butnbssdkjrnoa[kat[bltd$a[pbtm[rdh()D

Q

Q Usaa butnbssdkjrnoa"`nhuoa

Q

Q Upbrb` Wrdh

Q Wrdh ds tma *rdh[pbka[dh* n! tma pbka wa bra lurrajtoykajarbtdjk"

Q

Q Uraturj strdjk

Q Asar rakdstrbtdnj !nr` rajharar"

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[rakdstar(Wrdh) ]

Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[!nr`(*usar[rakdstar[!nr`*)D

raturj WnutputD

S

KQQ

Q nbhs tma usar onkdj !nr`

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[onkdj() ]

Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[!nr`(*usar[onkdj*)D

- (49) -




raturj WnutputD

S

KQQ

Q nbhs tma pbsswnrh rasat !nr`

QK

!ujltdnj butnbssdkjrnoa[pbsswnrh() ]

Wnutput J hrupbo[kat[!nr`(*usar[pbss*)D

raturj WnutputD

S

'nha n! nha \b$a Vahdralt3

Gpmp

KQQ

Q `poa`ajts mnn2[!nr`[botar()"

Q

Q #hhs tma bltdnj bjh rahdralt ,aohs" Asah fy jnha typa ahdt bjh

jnha ahdt !nr`s"

QK

!ujltdnj jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[!nr`[botar(MW!nr` MW!nr`[stbta

W!nr`[dh) ]

d! (dssat(W!nr`_*jnha[typa*P)) ]

- (42) -




KK #Hhh tma jaw rbhdns futtnjs tn tma suf`dssdnj $artdlbo tbf"

W!nr`_*suf`dssdnj*P_*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt*P J brrby(

*typa* JT *rbhdns*

*tdtoa* JT t(*Vahdralt b!tar lnjtajt lrabtdnj*)

*nptdnjs* JT brrby(9 JT t(*Ha!buot*)

- JT t(*Vaturj tn %hdt pbka b!tar sb$djk"*)

JT t(*Vaturj tn 'njtajt E$ar$daw b!tar sb$djk"*)

JT t(*Va<hdralt tn @y ;nr2fajlm b!tar sb$djk*)

B JT t(*Va<hdralt tn bjntmar onlbtdnj*))

*haslrdptdnj* JT t(*'mnnsa wmara tma usar smnuoh fa sajtb!tar lrabtdjk jaw lnjtajt"*)

*ha!buot[$boua* JT $brdbfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[* "

W!nr`_*jnha[typa*P<Ttypa 9)

)D

KK #hh b ta0t,aoh tn tma suf`dssdnj $artdlbo tbf"

W!nr`_*suf`dssdnj*P_*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[onlbtdnj*P J brrby(

*typa* JT *ta0t,aoh*

*tdtoa* JT *'ustn` Vahdralt nlbtdnj*

*ha!buot[$boua* JT

$brdbfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[onlbtdnj[* "

W!nr`_*jnha[typa*P<Ttypa **)

*stbtas* JT brrby(

*$dsdfoa* JT brrby(

*3djput_jb`aJjnha[sb$a[rahdraltP* JT brrby(*$boua* JT

- (46) -




*B*)

)

)

)D

S

KK #hh b jaw suf`dt !ujltdnj"

d! (strstr(W!nr`[dh *[jnha[!nr`*)) ]

W!nr`_*bltdnjs*P_*suf`dt*P_*suf`dt*P_P J

*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[suf`dt*D S

S

KQQ

Q # !ujltdnj tmbt ds lbooah wmaj b jnha ds sb$ah"

Q

Q Upbrb` brrby W!nr`

Q Upbrb` brrby W!nr`[stbta

QK

!ujltdnj jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[suf`dt(W!nr` MW!nr`[stbta) ]

KK onbh sattdjks

Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks J

$brdbfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[* " W!nr`_*typa*P_*$boua*P

A)D

- (4<) -




Wlustn`[onlbtdnj J $brdbfoa[kat(*jnha[sb$a[rahdralt[onlbtdnj[* "

W!nr`_*typa*P_*$boua*P **)D

d! (ids[juoo(Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks)) ]

KK # hastdjbtdnj dj W[?%X bowbys n$arrdhas tma !ujltdnj

brkuàjts" Usaa hrupbo[kntn

ujsat(W[?%X_*hastdjbtdnj*P)D

d! (Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks JJ *-*) ] W!nr`[stbta_*rahdralt*P J *jnhaK* " W!nr`[stbta_*jdh*P " *Kahdt*D

S

aosa d! (Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks JJ ** MM

usar[bllass(*bllass lnjtajt n$ar$daw*)) ]

W!nr`[stbta_*rahdralt*P J *bh`djKlnjtajt*D

S

aosa d! (Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks JJ ** MM

usar[bllass(*bllass wnr2fajlm*)) ]

W!nr`[stbta_*rahdralt*P J *bh`djKwnr2fajlm*D

S

aosa d! (Wjnha[sb$a[rahdralt[sattdjks JJ *B*) ]

Wnptdnjs J hrupbo[pbrsa[uro(Wlustn`[onlbtdnj)D

W!nr`[stbta_*rahdralt*P J brrby(Wnptdnjs_*pbtm*P brrby(

*1uary* JT Wnptdnjs_*1uary*P

*!rbkàjt* JT Wnptdnjs_*!rbkàjt*P

- (48) -




))D

S

S

S

'nha !nr @bjbka 'nurdars usdjk ltnnos3

Gpmp

KQQ

Q U,oa Q 'Xnnos prd`bry `nhuoa ,oa"

Q

Q @nst n! tma 'Xnnos tnnos bra dj tmadr nwj "djl ,oas" Xmds lnjtbdjs

Q jntmdjk `nra tmbj b !aw lnj$ajdajla !ujltdnjs bjh snà

mnn2s tmbt

Q ùst fa d`poaàjtah dj tma `nhuoa ,oa"

QK

ha,ja(*'XEE\[#=[>%V\E* *"9"/*)D

KQQ

Q Xma lurrajt wnr2djk ltnnos $arsdnj"

Q

Q j b raoabsa dt smnuoh fa "0<-"0 wmdlm smnuoh `btlm wmbt

hrusm `b2a wdoo

- (41) -




Q lrabta" j b ha$ !nr`bt dt smnuoh fa "0<-"(0-)<ha$ wmdlm wdoo

boonw

Q `nhuoas hapajhdjk nj jaw !abturas dj ltnnos tn hapajh nj

ltnnos T "0<-"0"

Q

Q Xn ha,ja b spald,l $arsdnj n! 'Xnnos bs b hapajhajly !nr

bjntmar `nhuoa

Q sd`poy djlouha b hapajhajly odja dj tmbt `nhuoa*s dj!n ,oa a"k"3

Q D Va1udras 'Xnnos $"0<-" nr jawar"

Q hapajhajldas_P J ltnnos (TJ-") QK

ha,ja(*'XEE\[@EHA%[>%V\E* *"0<-"L*)D

KQQ

Q Xast tma 'Xnnos #= $arsdnj"

Q

Q Xmds !ujltdnj lbj bowbys fa usah tn sb!aoy tast d! 'Xnnos mbs tma

`djd`u`

Q #= $arsdnj tmbt ynur `nhuoa lbj usa" t lbj bosn try tn prntalt

ynu !rn`

Q rujjdjk d! tma 'Xnnos #= $arsdnj ds tnn jaw fut d! ynu hn tmbt

ynu jaah

Q tn fa $ary 1udl2 bfnut wbtlmdjk 'Xnnos #= raoabsas bjh raoabsa

jaw $arsdnjs

Q n! ynur sn!twbra bs snnj bs tma jaw raoabsa ds `bha nr panpoa

- (45) -




`dkmt ajh up

Q uphbtdjk 'Xnnos bjh mb$djk ynur `nhuoa smut hnwj wdtmnut bjy

ralnursa"

Q

Q t ds raln`àjhah tmbt a$ary mnn2 n! ynur `nhuoa tmbt `dkmt

usa 'Xnnos nr

Q `dkmt oabh tn b usa n! 'Xnnos fa kubrhah od2a tmds3

Q

Q Ulnha

Q d! (i`nhuoa[dj$n2a(*ltnnos* *bpd[$arsdnj* *-"9*)) ] Q raturjD

Q S

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q nta tmbt snà mnn2s sulm bs [àju() nr [tmaà() ùst raturj

bj brrby()"

Q

Q :nu lbj usa dt dj ynur mnn2[ra1udraàjts tn rapnrt tmds arrnr

lnjhdtdnj

Q od2a tmds3

Q

Q Ulnha

Q ha,ja(*@EHA%#@%[@@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E* *-"9*)D

Q ha,ja(*@EHA%#@%[@#8@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E* *-"-*)D

Q

- (4;) -




Q !ujltdnj @EHA%#@%[ra1udraàjts(Wpmbsa) ]

Q Wra1udraàjts J brrby()D

Q d! (i`nhuoa[dj$n2a(*ltnnos* *bpd[$arsdnj*

@EHA%#@%[@@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E

@EHA%#@%[@#8@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E)) ]

Q Wra1udraàjts_*@EHA%#@%[ltnnos*P J brrby(

Q *tdtoa* JT Wt(*@EHA%#@% ra1udrah 'mbns Xnno \udta

('Xnnos) #= >arsdnj*)

Q *$boua* JT t(*Fatwaaj Ub bjh Uf* brrby(*Ub* JT

@EHA%#@%[@@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E *Uf* JT@EHA%#@%[@#8@A@['XEE\[#=[>%V\E))

Q *sa$ardty* JT V%RAV%@%X[%VVEV

Q )D

Q S

Q raturj Wra1udraàjtsD

Q S

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q =oabsa jnta tmbt tma $arsdnj ds b strdjk jnt bj nbtdjk pndjt

ju`far"

Q Xmds wdoo `bttar njla 'Xnnos rablmas $arsdnj -"-9"

Q

Q # 'Xnnos #= lmbjkas mdstnry wdoo fa 2apt dj #="t0t" nt a$ary

jaw

Q $arsdnj n! 'Xnnos wdoo jalassbrdoy uphbta tma #= $arsdnj"

- (4=) -




Q Upbrb` W`djdù`

Q Xma `djdù` $arsdnj n! 'Xnnos jalassbry !nr ynur sn!twbra tn

ruj wdtm dt"

Q Upbrb` W`b0dù`

Q Xma `b0dù` $arsdnj n! 'Xnnos boonwah !nr ynur sn!twbra tn

ruj wdtm dt"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bpd[$arsdnj(W`djdù` W`b0dù` J A) ]

d! ($arsdnj[ln`pbra('XEE\[#=[>%V\E W`djdù` **)) ]

raturj &#\%D S

d! (dssat(W`b0dù`) MM $arsdnj[ln`pbra('XEE\[#=[>%V\E

W`b0dù` *T*)) ]

raturj &#\%D

S

raturj XVA%D

S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

KK ?ajarbo utdodty !ujltdnjs

KQQ

Q jlouha "djl ,oas bs jalassbry"

- (44) -




Q

Q Xmds !ultdnj ds maop!uo !nr djlouhdjk "djl ,oas !nr ynur `nhuoa"

Xma

Q kajarbo lbsa ds djlouhdjk ltnnos !ujldtnjbodty od2a tmds3

Q

Q Ulnha

Q ltnnos[djlouha(*poukdjs*)D

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q \d`dobr !ujldtnjbodty lbj fa usah !nr ntmar `nhuoas fy prn$dhdjktma W`nhuoa

Q bjh Whdr brku`ajts od2a tmds3

Q

Q Ulnha

Q KK djlouha y`nhuoaKdjlouhasKd`pnrt"djl

Q ltnnos[djlouha(*d`pnrt* *`y`nhuoa*)D

Q KK djlouha `y`nhuoaKpoukdjsK!nnfbr"djl

Q ltnnos[djlouha(*!nnfbr* *`y`nhuoa* *poukdjs*)D

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q Upbrb` W,oa

Q Xma fbsa ,oa jb`a tn fa djlouhah"

Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa

Q Eptdnjbo `nhuoa lnjtbdjdjk tma djlouha"

Q Upbrb` Whdr

- (299) -




Q Eptdnjbo sufhdraltnry lnjtbdjdjk tma djlouha ,oa"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[djlouha(W,oa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J *djlouhas*)

]

stbtdl Wusah J brrby()D

Whdr J *K* " (Whdr G Whdr " *K* 3 **)D

d! (idssat(Wusah_W`nhuoaP_WhdrP_W,oaP)) ]

ra1udra[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *K* " hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa*W`nhuoa) " WhdrW,oa"djlD

Wusah_W`nhuoaP_WhdrP_W,oaP J XVA%D

S

S

KQQ

Q jlouha "djl ,oas dj b !nr` lnjta0t"

Q

Q Xmds ds b $brdbjt n! ltnnos[djlouha tmbt wdoo sb$a dj!nr`btdnj dj

tma

Q tma !nr`[stbta sn tmbt lblmah !nr`s wdoo prnparoy djlouha

tmdjks"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[!nr`[djlouha(MW!nr`[stbta W,oa W`nhuoa J

*ltnnos* Whdr J *djlouhas*) ]

- (292) -




d! (idssat(W!nr`[stbta_*fudoh[dj!n*P_*brks*P)) ]

W!nr`[stbta_*fudoh[dj!n*P_*brks*P J brrby()D

S

Whdr J *K* " (Whdr G Whdr " *K* 3 **)D

!nr`[onbh[djlouha(W!nr`[stbta *djl* W`nhuoa Whdr " W,oa)D

S

KQQ

Q #hh bj brfdtrbry pbtm tn tma W!nr`[stbta sn dt lbj wnr2 wdtm!nr` lblma"

Q

Q `nhuoa[onbh[djlouha usas bj uj!nrtujbtaoy bjjnydjk syjtb0 tn

wnr2 `b2djk dt

Q hdCluot tn trbjsobta tma `nra sd`poa Wpbtm W,oa syjtb0"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[!nr`[djlouha[,oa(MW!nr`[stbta W,oajbà) ]

d! (idssat(W!nr`[stbta_*fudoh[dj!n*P_*brks*P)) ]

W!nr`[stbta_*fudoh[dj!n*P_*brks*P J brrby()D

S

KK nw bhh tmds tn tma fudoh dj!n ,oas sn tmbt #+#8 ra1uasts wdoo

2jnw tn onbh dt"

W!nr`[stbta_*fudoh[dj!n*P_*,oas*P_W,oajbàP J W,oajbàD

ra1udra[njla HVA=#[VEEX " *K* " W,oajbàD

- (296) -




S

KQQ

Q =rn$dha tma prnpar pbtm tn bj d`bka bs jalassbry"

Q

Q Xmds maopar !ujltdnj ds usah fy ltnnos fut lbj bosn fa usah dj

ntmar

Q `nhuoas dj tma sbà wby bs a0pobdjah dj tma ln`àjts n!

ltnnos[djlouha"

Q Q Upbrb` Wd`bka

Q Xma fbsa ,oa jbà (wdtm a0tajsdnj) n! tma d bka tn fa

djlouhah"

Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa


Q Upbrb` Whdr


QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[d`bka[pbtm(Wd bka W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J

*d`bkas*) ]

raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhdrK " Wd`bkaD

S

KQQ

Q jlouha lss ,oas bs jalassbry"

- (29<) -




Q


ntmar


ltnnos[djlouha"

Q

Q Upbrb` W,oa


Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa

Q Eptdnjbo `nhuoa lnjtbdjdjk tma djlouha" Q Upbrb` Whdr


QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bhh[lss(W,oa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J *lss*) ]

hrupbo[bhh[lss(hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhdrK

W,oa"lss)D

S

KQQ

Q &nr`bt b lss ,oa jb`a !nr usa wdtm W!nr`_*bttblmah*P_*lss*P"

Q


ntmar


ltnnos[djlouha"

- (298) -




Q

Q Ulnha

Q W!nr`_*bttblmah*P_*lss*P J

brrby(ltnnos[bttblm[lss(*lnoobpsdfoa<hd$*))D

Q W!nr _*bttblmah*P_*lss*P_ltnnos[bttblm[lss(*lnoobpsdfoa<hd$*)P

J brrby(*praprnlass* JT &#\%)D

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q Upbrb` W,oa

Q Xma fbsa ,oa jb`a tn fa djlouhah" Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa


Q Upbrb` Whdr


QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bttblm[lss(W,oa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J *lss*) ]

raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhdrKW,oa"lssD

S

KQQ

Q jlouha cs ,oas bs jalassbry"

Q


ntmar


- (291) -




ltnnos[djlouha"

Q

Q Upbrb` W,oa


Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa


Q Upbrb` Whdr


QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bhh[cs(W,oa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J *cs*) ] hrupbo[bhh[cs(hrupbo[kat[pbtm(* nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhdrK

W,oa"cs)D

S

KQQ

Q &nr`bt b cb$bslrdpt ,oa jb`a !nr usa wdtm W!nr`_*bttblmah*P

_*cs*P"

Q


ntmar


ltnnos[djlouha"

Q

Q Ulnha

Q W!nr _*bttblmah*P_*cs*P J brrby(ltnnos[bttblm[cs(*butn<

- (295) -




suf`dt*))D

Q Uajhlnha

Q

Q Upbrb` W,oa


Q Upbrb` W`nhuoa


Q Upbrb` Whdr


QK!ujltdnj ltnnos[bttblm[cs(W,oa W`nhuoa J *ltnnos* Whdr J *cs*) ]

raturj hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* W`nhuoa) " KWhdrKW,oa"csD

S

KQQ

Q ?at b odst n! rnoas dj tma systa`"

Q

Q Uraturj

Q #j brrby n! rnoa jb`as 2ayah fy rnoa H"

Q

Q Uhapralbtah

Q usar[rnoas() smnuoh fa usah djstabh"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[kat[rnoas() ]

raturj usar[rnoas()D

- (29;) -




S

KQ

Q Frab2 0yI bjh 0yI djtn bj brrby" u`ardl njoy"

Q

Q Upbrb` Wstr

Q Xma strdjk tn pbrsa"

Q

Q Uraturj Wnfcalt

Q #j nfcalt lnjtbdjdjk Q < nparbtnr3 %dtmar *bjh* nr *nr*

Q < $boua3 #j brrby n! ju`ardl $bouas"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[frab2[pmrbsa(Wstr) ]

Wnfcalt J jaw sth'obss()D

d! (prak[`btlm(*K(_9<.P_ P)_9<.PWK* Wstr)) ]

KK Xma ** lmbrbltar dj b 1uary strdjk `by fa pbrsah bs * *"

Wnfcalt<Tnparbtnr J *nr*D

Wnfcalt<T$boua J prak[spodt(*K_ PK* Wstr)D

S

aosa d! (prak[`btlm(*K(_9<.P)Q_9<.PWK* Wstr)) ]

Wnfcalt<Tnparbtnr J *bjh*D

Wnfcalt<T$boua J a0ponha(** Wstr)D

S

- (29=) -




KK Yaap bj *arrnr* $boua d! dj$bodh strdjks wara kd$aj"

d! (ia`pty(Wstr) MM (a`pty(Wnfcalt<T$boua) ^^ ids[brrby(Wnfcalt<

T$boua))) ]

Wnfcalt<T$boua J brrby(<-)D

Wnfcalt<Tdj$bodh[djput J XVA%D

raturj WnfcaltD

S

d! (a`pty(Wnfcalt<T$boua)) ] Wnfcalt<T$boua J brrby()D

S

KK Hnufoy ajsura tmbt boo $bouas bra ju`ardl njoy"

!nrablm (Wnfcalt<T$boua bs Wdh JT W$boua) ]

Wnfcalt<T$boua_WdhP J djt$bo(W$boua)D

S

raturj WnfcaltD

S

KQQ

Q \at b tn2ajK$boua pbdr tn fa rapoblah obtar dj tma ra1uast

spald,lbooy dj

Q ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassdjk()"

- (294) -




Q

Q Upbrb` Wtn2aj

Q Xma tn2aj tn fa rapoblah obtar hurdjk pbka rajhardjk" Xmds

smnuoh

Q dhabooy fa b strdjk djsdha n! bj 6X@ ln`àjt sn tmbt d! tmara

ds

Q jn rapoblaàjt tma tn2aj wdoo jnt rajhar nj tma pbka"

Q Upbrb` Wtypa

Q Xma typa n! tma tn2aj" 'bj fa adtmar *$brdbfoa* wmdlm wdoo puoo

hbtb Q hdraltoy !rn` tma pbka $brdbfoas

Q Upbrb` Wbrkuàjt

Q ! Wtypa JJ *$brdbfoa* tmaj brkuàjt smnuoh fa tma 2ay tn

!atlm !rn`

Q tma W$brdbfoas" ! Wtypa JJ *lboofbl2* tmaj dt smnuoh adtmar fa

tma

Q lboofbl2 nr bj brrby tmbt wdoo fa sajt tn lboo[usar[!ujl[brrby()"

Q

Q Uraturj

Q # brrby n! tn2ajK$brdbfoa jbàs tn fa rapoblah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wtn2aj J A Wtypa J A

Wbrkuàjt J A) ]

stbtdl Wtn2ajs J brrby()D

- (229) -




d! (dssat(Wtn2aj)) ]

Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J brrby(Wtypa Wbrku`ajt)D

S

raturj Wtn2ajsD

S

KQQ

Q %bsdoy sat b tn2aj !rn` tma pbka $brdbfoas"

Q

Q Xmds !ujltdnj lbj fa usah od2a tmds3 Q Wtn2aj J ltnnos[sat[$brdbfoa[tn2aj(*tbfs*)D

Q

Q Wtn2aj wdoo tmaj fa b sd`poa rapobla`ajt !nr tma *tbfs* bfnut n!

tma

Q $brdbfoas b$bdobfoa dj tma pbka ta`pobta"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[sat[$brdbfoa[tn2aj(Wtn2aj) ]

Wstrdjk J *i<< ltnnos<pbka<* " Wtn2aj " * <<T*D

ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wstrdjk *$brdbfoa* Wtn2aj)D

raturj WstrdjkD

S

KQQ

Q %bsdoy sat b tn2aj !rn` tma pbka $brdbfoas"

Q

- (222) -




Q Xmds !ujltdnj lbj fa usah od2a tmds3

Q Wtn2aj J ltnnos[sat[$brdbfoa[tn2aj(*dh*

*`y`nhuoa[`y!ujltdnj*)D

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[sat[lboofbl2[tn2aj(Wtn2aj Wlboofbl2) ]

KK ! tma lboofbl2 usas brku`ajts tmay bra lnjsdharah dj tma

tn2aj"

d! (ds[brrby(Wlboofbl2)) ]

Wtn2aj "J *<* " `h4(sardbodIa(Wlboofbl2))D

S Wstrdjk J *i<< ltnnos<pbka<* " Wtn2aj " * <<T*D

ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj(Wstrdjk *lboofbl2* Wlboofbl2)D

raturj WstrdjkD

S

KQQ

Q Xaoo 'Xnnos tmbt sdhafbr fonl2s smnuoh jnt fa rajharah"

Q

Q t ds n!taj hasdrbfoa tn jnt hdspoby sdhafbrs wmaj rajhardjk b

pbka

Q pbrtdluobroy wmaj usdjk =bjaos" Xmds dj!nr`s 'Xnnos tn botar nut

bjy

Q sdhafbr rakdnjs hurdjk fonl2 rajhar"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s(Wfonl2s J &#\%) ]

- (226) -




Wstbtus J Mhrupbo[stbtdl([[&A'XE[[ XVA%)D

Wstbtus J Wfonl2sD

S

KQQ

Q ;rbppar !ujltdnj tn lrabta AAHs $db ltnnos !boos fbl2 nj AAH

`nhuoa

Q d! dt ds ajbfoah" Xmds lnha ds b lnpy n! uudh"djl !rn` tma uudh

`nhuoa"

Q Usaa mttp3KKpmp"jatKujd1dhL4/. QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uudh[kajarbta() ]

d! (i`nhuoa[a0dsts(*uudh*)) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*uudh*)D

Wlboofbl2 J hrupbo[stbtdl([[&A'XE[[)D

d! (a`pty(Wlboofbl2)) ]

d! (!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*uudh[lrabta*) MM i

!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*uudh[`b2a*)) ]

Wlboofbl2 J *[ltnnos[uudh[kajarbta[palo*D

S

aosad! (!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*ln`[lrabta[kudh*)) ]

Wlboofbl2 J *[ltnnos[uudh[kajarbta[ln`*D

- (22<) -




S

aosa ]

Wlboofbl2 J *[ltnnos[uudh[kajarbta[pmp*D

S

S

raturj Wlboofbl2()D

S

aosa ]

raturj uudh[kajarbta()D

SS

KQQ

Q 'mal2 tmbt b strdjk bppabrs tn fa dj tma !nr`bt n! b AAH"

Q Usaa mttp3KKhrupbo"nrkKprncaltKuudh

Q

Q Upbrb` Wuudh

Q Xma strdjk tn tast"

Q

Q Uraturj

Q XVA% d! tma strdjk ds waoo !nr`ah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uudh[ds[$bodh(Wuudh J **) ]

d! (a`pty(Wuudh)) ]

raturj &#\%D

- (228) -




S

d! (!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*uudh[ds[$bodh*) ^^ `nhuoa[a0dsts(*uudh*)) ]

raturj uudh[ds[$bodh(Wuudh)D

S

aosa ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*uudh*)D

raturj uudh[ds[$bodh(Wuudh)D

S

S

KQQ

Q #hh bj brrby n! lobssas tn tma fnhy"

Q

Q Upbrb` `d0ah Wlobssas

Q # strdjk nr bj brrby n! lobss strdjks tn bhh"

Q Upbrb` strdjk Wmnn2

Q Xma tmaà mnn2 tn bhh tma lobss tn" Xma ha!buot ds *mtò* wmdlm

wdoo

Q b5alt tma fnhy tbk"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[lobss[bhh(Wlobssas Wmnn2 J *mtò*) ]

d! (ids[brrby(Wlobssas)) ]

Wlobssas J brrby(Wlobssas)D

S

- (221) -




Wstbtdl J Mhrupbo[stbtdl(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D

d! (idssat(Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)) ]

Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P J brrby()D

S

!nrablm (Wlobssas bs Wlobss) ]

Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P_P J WlobssD

S

S

KQQ Q Va`n$a bj brrby n! lobssas !rn` tma fnhy"

Q

Q Upbrb` `d0ah Wlobssas

Q # strdjk nr bj brrby n! lobss strdjks tn ra`n$a"

Q Upbrb` strdjk Wmnn2

Q Xma tmaà mnn2 tn ra`n$a tma lobss !rn`" Xma ha!buot ds *mtò*

wmdlm wdoo

Q b5alt tma fnhy tbk"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[lobss[ra`n$a(Wlobssas Wmnn2 J *mtò*) ]

d! (ids[brrby(Wlobssas)) ]

Wlobssas J brrby(Wlobssas)D

S

Wstbtdl J Mhrupbo[stbtdl(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D

- (225) -




d! (idssat(Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)) ]

Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P J brrby()D

S

!nrablm (Wlobssas bs Wlobss) ]

Wstbtdl_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P_P J WlobssD

S

S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

KK Hrupbo lnra mnn2s

KQQ

Q `poa`ajt mnn2[djdt tn 2aap nur konfbo '\\ bt tma rabhy"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[djdt() ]

ltnnos[bhh[lss(*ltnnos*)D

KK ! wa bra sura tmbt 'Xnnos* #+#8 ds dj usa lmbjka tma arrnr

mbjhodjk"

d! (ia`pty(W[V%RA%\X_*ltnnos[bcb0*P)) ]

djd[sat(*hdspoby[arrnrs* 9)D

rakdstar[smuthnwj[!ujltdnj(*ltnnos[smuthnwj[mbjhoar*)D

S

KK 'oabr poukdj lblma nj tma `nhuoa pbka suf`dt"

d! (W[?%X_*1*P JJ *bh djK`nhuoasKodstKlnj,r`* MM i

- (22;) -




a`pty(W[=E\X)) ]

lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukdj[,oas3* *lblma* XVA%)D

S

S

KQQ

Q \muthnwj mbjhoar usah hurdjk bcb0 nparbtdnjs tn maop lbtlm

!btbo arrnrs"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[smuthnwj[mbjhoar() ] d! (!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*arrnr[kat[obst*) #H (Warrnr J

arrnr[kat[obst())) ]

swdtlm (Warrnr_*typa*P) ]

lbsa %[%VVEV3

lbsa %['EV%[%VVEV3

lbsa %['E@=%[%VVEV3

lbsa %[A\%V[%VVEV3

KK Hn tmds `bjubooy falbusa djlouhdjk ,oas mara ds hbjkarnus"

Wln``bjhs J brrby(

brrby(

*ln``bjh* JT *boart*

*tdtoa* JT t(*%rrnr*)

*ta0t* JT t(*Ajbfoa tn ln`poata nparbtdnj" &btbo arrnr dj

U,oa nj odja Uodja3 U`assbka* brrby(

*U,oa* JT Warrnr_*,oa*P

- (22=) -




*Uodja* JT Warrnr_*odja*P

*Uàssbka* JT Warrnr_*àssbka*P

))

)

)D

KK 'mbjka tma stbtus lnha sn tmbt tma lodajt wdoo rabh tma #+#8

raturjah"

mabhar(*6XX=K-"- 99 EY*)D

hrupbo[csnj(Wln``bjhs)D S

S

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[tmaà()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[tmaà() ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*utdodty*)D

Wdta`s J brrby()D

ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *tmaà* Wdta`s)D

raturj Wdta`sD

S

KQQ

- (224) -





QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[àju() ]


Wdta`s J brrby()D

ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *àju* Wdta`s)D

raturj Wdta`sD

S

KQQ Q `poaàjts mnn2[par`dssdnj()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[par`dssdnj() ]

raturj brrby(

*usa ltnnos d`pnrt* JT brrby(

*tdtoa* JT t(*Asa 'Xnnos d`pnrtar*)

*haslrdptdnj* JT t(*Xma d`pnrt !ujltdnjbodty boonws usars tn

a0aluta brfdtrbry =6= lnha sn a0traà lbutdnj ùst fa tb2aj"*)

*rastrdlt bllass* JT XVA%

)

)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjtbtdnj n! mnn2[lrnj" 'oabj up noh lblmas"

- (269) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[lrnj() ]


Wdta`s J brrby()D

ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *lrnj* Wdta`s)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[usm[lblmas()"

QK!ujltdnj ltnnos[usm[lblmas() ]

KK Ejoy raturj tma '\\ lblma fdj d! dt mbs faaj bltd$btah tn b$ndh

KK hrupbo[usm[boo[lblmas() !rn` trydjk tn trujlbta b jnj<a0dstdjk

tbfoa"

raturj $brdbfoa[kat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss* &#\%) G

brrby(*lblma[ltnnos[lss*) 3 brrby()D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[aoaàjt[dj!n[botar()"

Q

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[aoaàjt[dj!n[botar(MWtypa) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*hapajhajt*)D

ltnnos[hapajhajt[aoaàjt[dj!n[botar(Wtypa)D

- (262) -




S

KQQ

Q `poaàjtbtdnj n! mnn2[,oa[hnwjonbh()

Q

Q ;maj usdjk tma prd$bta ,oa systa` wa mb$a tn oat Hrupbo 2jnw

dt*s n2 tn

Q hnwjonbh '\\ bjh d`bka ,oas !rn` nur ta`pnrbry hdraltnry"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[,oa[hnwjonbh(W,oapbtm) ] d! (strpns(W,oapbtm *ltnnos*) JJJ 9) ]

W`dà J ,oa[kat[`dàtypa(W,oapbtm)D

KK &nr sb!aty*s sb2a wa boonw njoy ta0t bjh d`bkas"

d! (strpns(W`dà *ta0t*) JJJ 9 ^^ strpns(W`dà *d`bka*) JJJ

9) ]

raturj brrby(*'njtajt<typa3* " W`dà)D

S

S

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[rakdstry[,oas[botar()"

Q

Q #otar tma rakdstry n! ,oas tn butn`bkdlbooy djlouha boo lobssas dj

Q lobss<fbsah poukdjs"

- (266) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[rakdstry[,oas[botar(MW,oas Wdjha0ah[`nhuoas) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*rakdstry*)D

raturj [ltnnos[rakdstry[,oas[botar(W,oas Wdjha0ah[`nhuoas)D

S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

KK 'Xnnos mnn2 d`poaàjtbtdnjs"

KQQ Q `poaàjtbtdnj n! mnn2[ltnnos[poukdj[hdraltnry() tn oat tma

systa` 2jnw

Q wmara boo nur nwj poukdjs bra"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[ltnnos[poukdj[hdraltnry(Wnwjar Wpoukdj[typa) ]

d! (Wnwjar JJ *ltnnos*) ]

raturj *poukdjsK* " Wpoukdj[typaD

S

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[ltnnos[poukdj[typa()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[ltnnos[poukdj[typa() ]


- (26<) -




Wdta`s J brrby()D

KK #hh boo tma poukdjs tmbt mb$a tmadr nwj halobrbtdnj spbla

aosawmara"

ltnnos[pbsstmrnukm(*ltnnos* *poukdj<typa* Wdta`s)D

raturj Wdta`sD

S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

KK Hrupbo tmaà praprnlass mnn2s tmbt ùst fa dj tma "`nhuoa,oa"

KQQ

Q # tmaà praprnlass !ujltdnj tn butn`btdlbooy boonw pbjaos<

fbsah jnha

Q ta`pobtas fbsah upnj djput wmaj tma pbjao wbs lnj,kurah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[praprnlass[jnha(MW$brs) ]

KK Xma *ltnnos[ta`pobta[dhajtd,ar* bttrdfuta n! tma jnha ds bhhah

wmaj tma pbja ds

KK rajharah"

d! (ia`pty(W$brs_*jnha*P<Tltnnos[ta`pobta[dhajtd,ar)) ]

W$brs_*ltnnos[ta`pobta[dhajtd,ar*P J lmal2[pobdj(W$brs_*jnha*P<

Tltnnos[ta`pobta[dhajtd,ar)D

W$brs_*tmaà[mnn2[sukkastdnjs*P_P J *jnha[[pbjao[[* "

- (268) -




lmal2[pobdj(W$brs_*jnha*P<Tltnnos[ta`pobta[dhajtd,ar)D

S

S

KQQ

Q `poa`ajts mnn2[pbka[botar()"

Q

Q bst hdtlm btta`pt tn ra`n$a sdhafbr rakdnjs d! tma jn fonl2s

Q !ujltdnjbodty mbs faaj bltd$btah" Q

Q Usaa ltnnos[fonl2[odst[botar()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[pbka[botar(MWpbka) ]

Wlmal2 J hrupbo[stbtdl(*ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s* XVA%)D

d! (iWlmal2) ]

!nrablm (Wpbka bs Wrakdnj[dh JT Wrakdnj) ]

KK Utnhn << pnssdfoy wa lbj sat lnj,kurbtdnj !nr tmds sn tmbt

usars lbj

KK spald!y wmdlm fonl2s wdoo jnt kat rajharah"

d! (strpns(Wrakdnj[dh *sdhafbr*) iJJ &#\%) ]

ujsat(Wpbka_Wrakdnj[dhP)D

S

S

S

- (261) -




Wpbka_*pnst[rajhar*P_P J *ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassdjk*D

S

KQQ

Q # tmaà pnst[rajhar lboofbl2 tn boonw lnjtajt typa poukdjs tn

usa pbka

Q ta`pobta $brdbfoas wmdlm bra jnt yat b$bdobfoa wmaj tma

lnjtajt typa ds

Q rajharah"

QK!ujltdnj ltnnos[pbka[tn2aj[prnlassdjk(Wlmdohraj Waoaàjts) ]

Wtn2ajs J ltnnos[sat[pbka[tn2aj()D

d! (ia`pty(Wtn2ajs)) ]

!nrablm (Wtn2ajs bs Wtn2aj JT W2ay) ]

odst(Wtypa Wbrkuàjt) J W2ayD

swdtlm (Wtypa) ]

lbsa *$brdbfoa*3

Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J dssat(Waoaàjts_WbrkuàjtP) G

Waoaàjts_WbrkuàjtP 3 **D

frab2D

lbsa *lboofbl2*3

d! (ds[strdjk(Wbrkuàjt) MM !ujltdnj[a0dsts(Wbrkuàjt)) ]

Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J Wbrkuàjt(Waoaàjts)D

S

d! (ds[brrby(Wbrkuàjt) MM !ujltdnj[a0dsts(Wbrkuàjt_9P))

- (265) -




]

W!ujltdnj J brrby[smd!t(Wbrkuàjt)D

Wbrkuàjt J brrby[àrka(brrby(MWaoaàjts)

Wbrkuàjt)D

Wtn2ajs_Wtn2ajP J lboo[usar[!ujl[brrby(W!ujltdnj

Wbrkuàjt)D

S

frab2D

S

S Wlmdohraj J strtr(Wlmdohraj Wtn2ajs)D

S

raturj WlmdohrajD

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[prnlass()"

Q

Q #hh bjh ra`n$a '\\ lobssas !rn` tma $brdbfoas brrby" ;a usa

prnlass sn tmbt

Q wa botar bjytmdjk bhhah dj tma praprnlass mnn2s"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[prnlass(MW$brdbfoas Wmnn2) ]

d! (idssat(W$brdbfoas_*lobssas*P)) ]

raturjD

- (26;) -




S

Wlobssas J hrupbo[stbtdl(*ltnnos[prnlass[lobssas* brrby())D

KK =rnlass tma lobsssas tn bhh"

d! (ia`pty(Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)) ]

Wbhh[lobssas J brrby[`bp(*hrupbo[loabj[lss[dhajtd,ar*

Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*bhh*P)D

W$brdbfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P J

brrby[ujd1ua(brrby[`arka(W$brdbfoas_*lobssas[brrby*PWbhh[lobssas))D

S

KK =rnlass tma lobssas tn ra`n$a"

d! (ia`pty(Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)) ]

Wra`n$a[lobssas J brrby[`bp(*hrupbo[loabj[lss[dhajtd,ar*

Wlobssas_Wmnn2P_*ra`n$a*P)D

W$brdbfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P J

brrby[hd5(W$brdbfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P Wra`n$a[lobssas)D

S

KK \djla tmds rujs b!tar ta`pobta[prnlass() wa jaah tn ra<

d`ponha tma

KK lobssas brrby"

W$brdbfoas_*lobssas*P J d`ponha(* * W$brdbfoas_*lobssas[brrby*P)D

- (26=) -




S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

KK @aju lboofbl2s tmbt ùst fa dj tma "`nhuoa ,oa"

KQQ

Q Hatar`dja d! tma lurrajt usar mbs bllass $db b poukdj"

Q

Q Xmds !ujltdnj ds àbjt tn fa a`fahhah dj tma Hrupbo àju

systa` bjh Q tmara!nra ds dj tma "`nhuoa ,oa sdjla suf ,oas lbj*t fa onbhah

bjh

Q tb2as brkuàjts b odttoa fdt `nra mbpmbIbrhoy tmbj

ltnnos[bllass()"

Q

Q Upbrb` Wbllass

Q #j bllass lnjtrno brrby wmdlm lnjtbdjs tma !noonwdjk

dj!nr`btdnj3

Q < *onkdl*3 bjh nr nr" ;matmar boo tasts ùst pbss nr nja ùst

pbss"

Q < *poukdjs*3 #j brrby n! bllass poukdjs" %blm lnjtbdjs3

Q < < *jbà*3 Xma jbà n! tma poukdj

Q < < *sattdjks*3 Xma sattdjks !rn` tma poukdj A"

Q < < *lnjta0t*3 ;mdlm lnjta0t tn usa"

Q Upbrb` """

- (264) -




Q Iarn nr `nra lnjta0t brkuàjts kajarbtah !rn` brkuàjt

poukdjs" Xmasa

Q lnjta0ts ùst mb$a bj *dh* bttblmah tn tma` sn tmbt tmay lbj

fa

Q prnparoy bssnldbtah" Xma brkuàjt poukdj systa` smnuoh sat

tmds fut

Q d! tma lnjta0t ds ln`djk !rn` aosawmara dt wdoo jaah tn fa sat

`bjubooy"

Q

Q Uraturj Q XVA% d! bllass ds krbjtah !bosa d! ntmarwdsa"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bllass[àju(Wbllass) ]

KK \mnrt ldrludt a$arytmdjk d! tmara bra jn bllass tasts"

d! (a`pty(Wbllass_*poukdjs*P)) ]

raturj XVA%D

S

Wlnjta0ts J brrby()D

!nrablm (!ujl[kat[brks() bs Wbrk) ]

d! (ds[nfcalt(Wbrk) MM kat[lobss(Wbrk) JJ *ltnnos[lnjta0t*) ]

Wlnjta0ts_Wbrk<TdhP J WbrkD

S

S

- (2<9) -




ltnnos[djlouha(*lnjta0t*)D

raturj ltnnos[bllass(Wbllass Wlnjta0ts)D

S

KQQ

Q Hatar`dja d! tma lurrajt usar mbs bllass $db lmal2s tn ùotdpoa

hd5arajt

Q par`dssdnjs"

Q

Q Xmds !ujltdnj ds b tmdj wrbppar brnujh usar[bllass tmbt boonwsùotdpoa

Q par`dssdnjs tn fa absdoy hasdkjbtah !nr usa nj !nr a0b`poa b

àju lboofbl2"

Q

Q Upbrb` """

Q #j djha0ah brrby n! Iarn nr `nra par`dssdnj strdjks tn fa

lmal2ah fy

Q usar[bllass()"

Q

Q Uraturj

Q 5 boo lmal2s pbss wdoo tmds !ujltdnj raturj XVA%" ! bj dj$bodh

brkuàjt

Q ds pbssah (a"k" jnt b strdjk) tmds !ujltdnj arrs nj tma sb!a sbdh

bjh

Q raturjs &#\%"

- (2<2) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bllass[ùotdpar`() ]

!nrablm (!ujl[kat[brks() bs Wbrk) ]

d! (ids[strdjk(Wbrk) ^^ iusar[bllass(Wbrk)) ]

raturj &#\%D

S

S

raturj XVA%D

S

KQQ

Q 'mal2 tn saa d! tma djln`djk àju dta` ds cs lbpbfoa nr jnt"

Q

Q Xmds lbj fa usah bs Zltnnos[cs bs pbrt n! b pbtm dj mnn2 àju"

'Xnnos

Q bcb0 !ujltdnjs wdoo butn`btdlbooy lmbjka tma pmrbsa *jncs* tn

*bcb0*

Q wmaj dt bttblmas bcb0 tn b odj2" Xmds lbj fa usah tn butnhatalt d!

Q tmbt mbppajah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[cs[onbh(Wcs) ]

d! (Wcs JJ *bcb0*) ]

raturj XVA%D

S

raturj 9D

- (2<6) -




S

KQQ

Q =rn$dhas tma ha!buot $boua !nr Zltnnos[cs"

Q

Q Xmds boonws hrupbo[$bodh[pbtm() tn wnr2 wdtm Zltnnos[cs"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[cs[tn[brk(Wbrk) ]

raturj a`pty(Wbrk) ^^ Wbrk JJ *Z* G *jncs* 3 WbrkD

S

KQQ

Q @aju [onbh mnn2"

Q

Q Xmds !ujltdnj wdoo fa lbooah tn onbh bj nfcalt bs b rapoblaàjt

!nr

Q Zltnnos[a0pnrt[ud dj àju pbtms"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ud[onbh(Wdta`[jbà Wpoukdj[jbà) ]

Wraturj J Mhrupbo[stbtdl([[&A'XE[[ &#\%)D

d! (iWraturj) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*a0pnrt<ud*)D

Wpoukdj J ltnnos[kat[a0pnrt[ud(Wpoukdj[jbà)D

Wmbjhoar J ltnnos[a0pnrt[ud[kat[mbjhoar(Wpoukdj)D

- (2<<) -




d! (Wmbjhoar) ]

raturj Wmbjhoar<Tonbh[dta`(Wdta`[jb`a)D

S

S

raturj WraturjD

S

KK <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<KK 'blmdjk lboofbl2s nj fambo! n! a0pnrt<ud"

KQQ

Q @aju bllass lboofbl2 !nr $brdnus tbs2s n! a0pnrt<ud"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ud[tbs2[bllass(Wpoukdj[jb`a Wnp Wdta`

J A) ]




d! (Wmbjhoar) ]

raturj Wmbjhoar<Tbllass(Wnp Wdta`)D

S

- (2<8) -




KK Hajy bllass d! tma mbjhoar lbjjnt fa !nujh"

raturj &#\%D

S

KQQ

Q 'boofbl2 !nr bllass lnjtrno bcb0 !nr` nj fambo! n! a0pnrt ud"

Q

Q Vaturjs tma lblmah bllass lnj,k bjh lnjta0ts usah"

Q nta tmbt tmds ds bssu`djk tmbt bllass wdoo fa dj Wdta`<Tbllass

<< d! dt Q ds jnt bj a0pnrt A poukdj wdoo mb$a tn `b2a dts nwj lboofbl2s"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ud[ltnnos[bllass[kat(Wbrkuàjt) ]


odst(Wpoukdj[jbà W2ay) J a0ponha(*3* Wbrkuàjt )D



d! (Wmbjhoar) ]


Wdta` J Wmbjhoar<Tahdt[lblma[kat(W2ay)D

d! (iWdta`) ]

Wdta` J ltnnos[a0pnrt[lruh[onbh(Wmbjhoar<Tpoukdj_*slma`b*P

W2ay)D

- (2<1) -




S

Wlnjta0ts J ltnnos[lnjta0t[onbh[lnjta0ts(Wdta`)D

raturj brrby(Wdta`<Tbllass Wlnjta0ts)D

S

S

KQQ

Q 'boofbl2 !nr bllass lnjtrno bcb0 !nr` nj fambo! n! a0pnrt ud

Q Q Vaturjs tma lblmah bllass lnj,k bjh lnjta0ts usah"

Q nta tmbt tmds ds bssu`djk tmbt bllass wdoo fa dj Wdta`<Tbllass

<< d! dt

Q ds jnt bj a0pnrt A poukdj wdoo mb$a tn `b2a dts nwj lboofbl2s"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[a0pnrt[ud[ltnnos[bllass[sat(Wbrkuàjt Wbllass)

]


odst(Wpoukdj[jbà W2ay) J a0ponha(*3* Wbrkuàjt )D



d! (Wmbjhoar) ]


- (2<5) -




Wdta` J Wmbjhoar<Tahdt[lblma[kat(W2ay)D

d! (iWdta`) ]

Wdta` J ltnnos[a0pnrt[lruh[onbh(Wmbjhoar<Tpoukdj_*slma`b*P

W2ay)D

S

Wdta`<Tbllass J WbllassD

raturj Wmbjhoar<Tahdt[lblma[sat[2ay(Wdta` W2ay)D

S

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[àju[onlbo[tbs2s[botar()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[àju[onlbo[tbs2s[botar(MWhbtb Wrnutar[dta`

Wrnnt[pbtm) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*àju*)D

[ltnnos[àju[bhh[hyjb`dl[dta`s(Whbtb Wrnutar[dta`

Wrnnt[pbtm)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjt mnn2[fonl2[odst[botar() tn pntajtdbooy ra`n$a fonl2s"

Q

Q Xmds a0dsts dj nrhar tn rapodlbta Hrupbo L*s jn fonl2s

!ujltdnjbodty"

- (2<;) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[fonl2[odst[botar(MWfonl2s) ]

Wlmal2 J hrupbo[stbtdl(*ltnnos[sat[jn[fonl2s* XVA%)D

d! (iWlmal2) ]

!nrablm (Wfonl2s bs Wfonl2[dh JT Wfonl2) ]

KK Utnhn << pnssdfoy wa lbj sat lnj,kurbtdnj !nr tmds sn tmbt

usars lbj

KK spald!y wmdlm fonl2s wdoo jnt kat rajharah"

d! (strpns(Wfonl2<Trakdnj *sdhafbr*) iJJ &#\%) ]

ujsat(Wfonl2s_Wfonl2[dhP)D S

S

S

S

KQQ

Q `poa`ajts mnn2[`nhuoas[ajbfoah()"

Q

Q 'oabr lblmas !nr hataltdjk jaw poukdjs"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[`nhuoas[ajbfoah(W`nhuoas) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*poukdjs*)D

ltnnos[kat[poukdjs[rasat()D

lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukdj[,oas3* *lblma* XVA%)D

S

- (2<=) -




KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[`nhuoas[hdsbfoah()"

Q

Q 'oabr lblmas !nr ra`n$djk hdsbfoah poukdjs"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[`nhuoas[hdsbfoah(W`nhuoas) ]

ltnnos[djlouha(*poukdjs*)D

ltnnos[kat[poukdjs[rasat()D

lblma[loabr[boo(*ltnnos[poukdj[,oas3* *lblma* XVA%)DS

KQQ

Q @aju tmaà lboofbl2"

Q

Q Xmds sd`poy ajsuras tmbt =bjaos bcb0 lboos bra rajharah dj tma

sbà

Q tmaà bs tma nrdkdjbo pbka tn pra$ajt "lss ,oa lnj!usdnj"

Q

Q Xn usa tmds sat tmds bs tma tmaà lboofbl2 nj #+#8 raobtah àju

Q dta`s" \djla tma bcb0 pbka stbta wnj*t fa sajt hurdjk bcb0

ra1uasts

Q dt smnuoh fa sb!a tn usa a$aj d! bcb0 dsj*t dj$n2ah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[bcb0[tmaà[lboofbl2() ]

- (2<4) -




d! (ia`pty(W[=E\X_*bcb0[pbka[stbta*P_*tmaà*P)) ]

raturj W[=E\X_*bcb0[pbka[stbta*P_*tmaà*PD

S

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[ltnnos[ajtdty[lnjta0t[botar()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[ltnnos[ajtdty[lnjta0t[botar(MWpoukdj MWajtdty

Wpoukdj[dh) ] ltnnos[djlouha(*lnjta0t*)D

swdtlm (Wpoukdj[dh) ]

lbsa *ajtdty[dh3tb0njn`y[tar`*3

Wpoukdj_*jn ud*P J XVA%D

frab2D

lbsa *ajtdty3usar*3

Wpoukdj J ltnnos[kat[lnjta0t(*usar*)D

ujsat(Wpoukdj_*jn ud*P)D

ujsat(Wpoukdj_*jn ra1udrah lnjta0t ud*P)D

frab2D

S

KK #ppoy rastrdltdnjs nj tb0njn`y tar` ra$arsa raobtdnjsmdps

wmnsa

KK rastrdltdnjs bra dj tma sattdjks nj tma ,aoh"

- (289) -




d! (ia`pty(Wpoukdj_*pbrajt*P) MM

Wpoukdj_*pbrajt*P JJ *ajtdty[!rn`[,aoh* MM

ia`pty(Wpoukdj_*ra$arsa*P) MM

Wpoukdj_*tn ajtdty*P JJ *tb0njn`y[tar`*) ]

W,aoh J ,aoh[dj!n[,aoh(Wpoukdj_*,aoh jbà*P)D

d! (dssat(W,aoh_*sattdjks*P_*boonwah[$bouas*P_9P_*$nlbfuobry*P)) ]

Wpoukdj_*ra1udrah lnjta0t*P<Trastrdltdnjs J brrby(*$nlbfuobry*

JT brrby(W,aoh_*sattdjks*P_*boonwah[$bouas*P_9P_*$nlbfuobry*P))D

S

SS

'nha !nr jstboobtdnj3

Gpmp

KQQ

Q U,oa

Q 'njtbdjs djstboo bjh uphbta !ujltdnjs !nr ltnnos"

QK

KQQ

Q Asa ra1udraàjts tn ajsura tmbt tma 'Xnnos '\\ lblma hdraltnry

lbj fa

Q lrabtah bjh tmbt tma =6= $arsdnj ra1udraàjt ds àt"

- (282) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[ra1udraàjts(Wpmbsa) ]

Wra1udraàjts J brrby()D

d! (Wpmbsa JJ *rujtdà*) ]

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT t(*'Xnnos '\\ 'blma*)

*sa$ardty* JT V%RAV%@%X[EY

*$boua* JT t(*%0dsts*)

)D

Wpbtm J *pufodl3KKltnnosKlss*D

d! (i,oa[prapbra[hdraltnry(Wpbtm &%['V%#X%[HV%'XEV:)) ]

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*haslrdptdnj*P J t(*Xma

'Xnnos '\\ lblma hdraltnry Zpbtm lnuoh jnt fa lrabtah hua tn b

`dslnj,kurah ,oas hdraltnry" =oabsa ajsura tmbt tma ,oas hdraltnry

ds lnrraltoy lnj,kurah bjh tmbt tma wafsar$ar mbs par`dssdnj tn

lrabta hdraltnrdas"* brrby(*Zpbtm* JT ,oa[urd[tbrkat(Wpbtm)))D

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*sa$ardty*P J

V%RAV%@%X[%VVEVD

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P_*$boua*P J t(*Ajbfoa tn

lrabta*)D

S

d! (i!ujltdnj[a0dsts(*arrnr[kat[obst*)) ]

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*tdtoa*P J t(*'Xnnos =6=

- (286) -




ra1udraàjts*)D

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*haslrdptdnj*P J t(*'Xnnos

ra1udras lartbdj !abturas njoy b$bdobfoa dj =6= 4""9 nr mdkmar"*)D

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*sa$ardty*P J

V%RAV%@%X[;#V?D

Wra1udraàjts_*ltnnos[pmp[4*P_*$boua*P J t(*=6= i$arsdnj*

brrby(*i$arsdnj* JT pmp$arsdnj()))D

S

S

raturj Wra1udraàjtsD

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[slma`b()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[slma`b() ]

raturj ltnnos[slma`b[B()D

S

KQQ

Q >arsdnj B n! tma 'Xnnos slma`b"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[slma`b[B() ]

Wslma`b J ltnnos[slma`b[()D

- (28<) -




KK uphbta tma *nfc* ,aoh tn fa -/ fytas onjk3

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*P_*,aohs*P_*nfc*P_*oajktm*P J -/D

raturj Wslma`bD

S

KQQ

Q >arsdnj n! tma 'Xnnos slma`b"

QK!ujltdnj ltnnos[slma`b[() ]

Wslma`b J ltnnos[slma`b[-()D

KK uphbta tma *jb`a* ,aoh tn fa -/ fytas onjk3

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*P_*,aohs*P_*jb`a*P_*oajktm*P J -/D

KK Aphbta tma *hbtb* ,aoh tn fa typa *fonf*"

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*P_*,aohs*P_*hbtb*P J brrby(

*typa* JT *fonf*

*sdIa* JT *fdk*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *\ardbodIah hbtb fadjk stnrah"*

*sardbodIa* JT XVA%

)D

KK HE EX @EH&: X6\ X#F% << tmds ha,jdtdnj ds usah tn lrabta

- (288) -




tma tbfoa"

KK 'mbjkas tn tmds tbfoa ùst fa `bha dj slma`b[B nr mdkmar"

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P J brrby(

*haslrdptdnj* JT *# spaldbo lblma usah tn stnra '\\ tmbt ùst

fa jnj<$nobtdoa"*

*,aohs* JT brrby(

*ldh* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *$brlmbr*

*oajktm* JT *-/*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma '\\ H tmds lblma nfcalt faonjks tn"* *jnt juoo* JT XVA%

)

*,oajbà* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *$brlmbr*

*oajktm* JT *44*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma ,oajbà tmds '\\ ds stnrah dj"*

)

*lss* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *ta0t*

*sdIa* JT *fdk*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'\\ fadjk stnrah"*

*sardbodIa* JT XVA%

)

*,otar* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *djt*

- (281) -




*sdIa* JT *tdjy*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *;matmar nr jnt tmds '\\ jaahs tn fa

,otarah"*

)

)

*prd`bry 2ay* JT brrby(*ldh*)

)D

raturj Wslma`bD

S

KQQ

Q 'Xnnos* djdtdbo slma`bD sapbrbtah !nr tma purpnsas n! uphbtas"

Q

Q HE EX @#Y% '6#?%\ 6%V%" Xmds slma`b $arsdnj ds onl2ah"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[slma`b[-() ]

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*P J brrby(

*haslrdptdnj* JT t(*# spaldbo lblma usah tn stnra nfcalts tmbt

bra fadjk ahdtahD dt sar$as tn sb$a stbta dj bj nrhdjbrdoy stbtaoass

aj$drnj`ajt"*)

*,aohs* JT brrby(

*sdh* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *$brlmbr*

*oajktm* JT *L*

- (285) -




*jnt juoo* JT XVA%

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma sassdnj H tmds lblma nfcalt faonjks

tn"*

)

*jbà* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *$brlmbr*

*oajktm* JT *B*

*jnt juoo* JT XVA%

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma jbà n! tma nfcalt tmds lblma ds

bttblmah tn"* )

*nfc* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *$brlmbr*

*oajktm* JT *B*

*jnt juoo* JT XVA%

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma typa n! tma nfcalt tmds lblma ds

bttblmah tnD tmds assajtdbooy raprasajts tma nwjar sn tmbt sa$arbo

suf<systa`s lbj usa tmds lblma"*

)

*uphbtah* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *djt*

*ujsdkjah* JT XVA%

*jnt juoo* JT XVA%

*ha!buot* JT 9

*haslrdptdnj* JT *Xma tdà tmds lblma wbs lrabtah nr

- (28;) -




uphbtah"*

)

*hbtb* JT brrby(

*typa* JT *ta0t*

*sdIa* JT *fdk*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *\ardbodIah hbtb fadjk stnrah"*

*sardbodIa* JT XVA%

)

)

*prd`bry 2ay* JT brrby(*sdh* *nfc* *jbà*) *djha0as* JT brrby(*uphbtah* JT brrby(*uphbtah*))

)D

raturj Wslma`bD

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[djstboo()"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[djstboo() ]

KK #ltd$bta nur lustn` lblma mbjhoar !nr tma '\\ lblma"

$brdbfoa[sat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss* *'Xnnos'ss'blma*)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[ujdjstboo()"

- (28=) -




QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[ujdjstboo() ]

$brdbfoa[hao(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss*)D

S

KQQ

Q %jobrka tma ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma"jbà lnou`j tn pra$ajt

trujlbtdnj bjh wadrh

Q arrnrs"

QK!ujltdnj ltnnos[uphbta[L99-() ]

KK =ar!nr` uphbtas od2a tmds tn rahula lnha hupodlbtdnj"


hf[lmbjka[,aoh(*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma* *jbà* *jbà*

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*P_*,aohs*P_*jbà*P)D

S

KQQ

Q #hh tma jaw lss lblma tbfoa"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uphbta[L99() ]

KK \lma`b ds onl2ah bjh smnuoh jnt fa lmbjkah"


- (284) -




hf[lrabta[tbfoa(*ltnnos[lss[lblma*

Wslma`b_*ltnnos[lss[lblma*P)D

S

KQQ

Q Xb2a n$ar !nr tma pbjaos[$daws `nhuoa d! dt wbs nj"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uphbta[L99B() ]

Wrasuot J hf[1uary(*\%%'X stbtus &VE@ ]systa`S ;6%V%

jbà J 3jbà* brrby(*3jbà* JT *pbjaos[$daws*))<T!atlm&daoh()D d! (Wrasuot) ]

hf[haoata(*systa`*)<Tlnjhdtdnj(*jbà* *pbjaos[$daws*)<

Ta0aluta()D

`nhuoa[ajbfoa(brrby(*$daws[lnjtajt*) XVA%)D

S

S

KQQ

Q #hh prd`bry 2ay tn tma ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma tbfoa"

QK


hf[bhh[prd`bry[2ay(*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma* brrby(*sdh* *nfc*

*jbà*))D

hf[hrnp[djha0(*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma* *sdh[nfc[jbà*)D

S

- (219) -




KQQ

Q Va`n$ah uphbta"

QK


raturj brrby()D

S

KQQ

Q ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt tbfoa wbs nrdkdjbooy mara fut ds jnw`n$ah tn

Q dts nwj `nhuoa"

QK


Wrat J brrby()D

d! (hf[tbfoa[a0dsts(*ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt*)) ]

KK %jbfoa tma `nhuoa tn `b2a a$arytmdjk bs sab`oass bs

pnssdfoa"

`nhuoa[ajbfoa(brrby(*ltnnos[lustn`[lnjtajt*) XVA%)D

S

raturj WratD

S

KQQ

- (212) -




Q ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma jaahs tn fa ha,jah bs b fonf"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uphbta[L99/() ]

hf[haoata(*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma*)

<Ta0aluta()D

hf[lmbjka[,aoh(*ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma* *hbtb* *hbtb* brrby(

*typa* JT *fonf*

*sdIa* JT *fdk*

*haslrdptdnj* JT *\ardbodIah hbtb fadjk stnrah"* *sardbodIa* JT XVA%

)

)D

S

KQQ

Q %jbfoa tma lustn` '\\ lblma mbjhoar"

QK

!ujltdnj ltnnos[uphbta[999() ]

$brdbfoa[sat(*lblma[lobss[lblma[ltnnos[lss* *'Xnnos'ss'blma*)D

S

KQQ

Q jlrabsa tma oajktm n! tma ltnnos[nfcalt[lblma"nfc lnou`j"

QK

- (216) -




KQQ


QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[àju() ]

Wdta`s J brrby()D

d! (i`nhuoa[a0dsts(*pbjaos*)) ]

Wdta`s_*bh`djKlnj,kKlnjtajt<$daws*P J brrby(

*tdtoa* JT *>daws pbjas*

*bllass brkuàjts* JT brrby(*bh`djdstar $daws lnjtajtpoukdj*)


*pbka brkuàjts* JT brrby(*$daws[lnjtajt[bh`dj[pbka*)

*haslrdptdnj* JT *'nj,kura >daws tn fa usah bs 'Xnnos

lnjtajt"*

*typa* JT @%A[EV@#[X%@

)D

S

raturj Wdta`sD

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjtbtdnj n! mnn2[ltnnos[poukdj[hdarltnry() tn oat tma

systa` 2jnw

- (218) -




Q wmara nur lnjtajt[typa poukdjs bra"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[ltnnos[poukdj[hdraltnry(Wnwjar

Wpoukdj[typa) ]

d! (Wnwjar JJ *ltnnos*) ]

raturj *poukdjsK* " Wpoukdj[typaD

S

S

KQQ Q Hnj*t smnw >daws* fonl2sD wa a0pnsa tma` borabhy"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[ltnnos[fonl2[dj!n(W`nhuoa Whaotb MWdj!n) ]

d! (stroaj(Whaotb) JJ B) ]

Wmbsmas J $brdbfoa[kat(*$daws[fonl2[mbsmas* brrby())D

d! (ia`pty(Wmbsmas_WhaotbP)) ]

Whaotb J Wmbsmas_WhaotbPD

S

S

d! (sufstr(Whaotb 9 -) iJ *<*) ]

Wdj!n J AD

S

aosa ]

Wdj!n_*lbtaknry*P J t(*>daws*)D

- (211) -




Wdj!n_*dlnj*P J *dlnj[$daws[fonl2[oakbly"pjk*D

Wdj!n_*pbtm*P J hrupbo[kat[pbtm(*`nhuoa* *$daws[lnjtajt*)D

Wdj!n_*ahdt !nr`*P J *$daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr`[pbja[ahdt*D

Wdj!n_*bhh !nr`*P J *$daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr`[pbja[ahdt*D

Wdj!n_*rajhar lboofbl2*P J

*$daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr`[pbja[rajhar*D

S

S

KQQ Q #hh sattdjks tn tma a0pnsah !nr` dj fonl2 $daws"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr [pbja[ahdt(W!nr`

MW!nr`[stbta) ]

KK Xmds ds b lmaasy wby tn bhh ha!buots njoy tn jaw $arsdnjs n!

tma fonl2

KK fut oab$a nohar fonl2s wdtmnut tma sattdjk bonja" ;a lbj taoo

falbusa

KK boo nohar lnjtajt wdoo mb$a sn`atmdjk sat !nr n$arrdha[tdtoa

wmdlm ds

KK tma njoy pra<a0dstdjk sattdjk"

d! (idssat(W!nr`[stbta_*lnj!*P_*djmardt[pbtm*P) MM i

dssat(W!nr`[stbta_*lnj!*P_*n$arrdha[tdtoa*P)) ]

W!nr`[stbta_*lnj!*P_*djmardt[pbtm*P J XVA%D

S

- (215) -




W!nr`_*djmardt[pbtm*P J brrby(

*typa* JT *lmal2fn0*

*tdtoa* JT t(*jmardt pbtm*)

*ha!buot[$boua* JT ia`pty(W!nr`[stbta_*lnj!*P_*djmardt[pbtm*P)

)D

raturj W!nr`D

S

KQQ

Q \tnra hbtb !nr tma a0pnsah !nr` dj fonl2 sattdjks pbka"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr [pbja[ahdt[suf`dt(W!nr`

MW!nr`[stbta) ]

W!nr [stbta_*lnj!*P_*djmardt[pbtm*P J W!nr [stbta_*$bouas*P

_*djmardt[pbtm*PD

S

KQQ

Q Vajhar !ujltdnj !nr *spaldbo* $daw fonl2s"

Q

Q ;a tnn2 n$ar tma rajhar !nr tma spaldbo $daw fonl2s sn tmbt wa

lnuoh

Q bhh nptdnjs tn dt"

- (21;) -




QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[a0pnsah[!nr`[pbja[rajhar(Wsuftypa

Wlnj! Wpbjao[brks Wlnjta0ts) ]

Whaotb J str[rapobla(*$daws<* ** Wsuftypa)D

d! (stroaj(Whaotb) JJ B) ]

Wmbsmas J $brdbfoa[kat(*$daws[fonl2[mbsmas* brrby())D

d! (ia`pty(Wmbsmas_WhaotbP)) ]

Whaotb J Wmbsmas_WhaotbPD

S S

odst(Wjntmdjk Wtypa Wjb`a Whdspoby[dh) J a0ponha(*<* Whaotb)D

KK =ut tma < fbl2 nj" &nr $daws spaldbo fonl2s tma ,rst lmbrbltar

ds bowbys < fut

KK tma a0ponha 2dooah dt" nta tmbt tmds lnha ds `nstoy lnpdah !rn`

$daws[fonl2()"

Wtypa J *<* " WtypaD

d! (W$daw J $daws[kat[$daw(Wjb`a)) ]

d! (W$daw<Tbllass(Whdspoby[dh)) ]

d! (ia`pty(Wlnj!_*djmardt[pbtm*P)) ]

W$daw<Tn$arrdha[pbtm J W[?%X_*1*PD

S

W$daw<Tsat[hdspoby(Whdspoby[dh)D

- (21=) -




d! (dssat(W$daw<Thdspoby[mbjhoar)) ]

Wfonl2 J (nfcalt) W$daw<Thdspoby[mbjhoar<

T$daw[spaldbo[fonl2s(Wtypa)D

raturj Wfonl2D

S

S

W$daw<Thastrny()D

S

S

KQQ

Q `poa`ajts mnn2[$daws[bpd()"

Q

Q Xmds nja ds usah bs tma fbsa tn rahula arrnrs wmaj uphbtdjk"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[$daws[bpd() ]

raturj brrby(

*bpd* JT

*pbtm* JT hrupbo[kat[pbtm(* nhuoa* *$daws[lnjtajt*) "

*KpoukdjsK$daws*

)D

S

KQQ

Q =bka lboofbl2 tn prn$dha tma fbsdl bh`djdstrbtdnj !nr`"

- (214) -




QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[bh`dj[pbka() ]

W!nr` J brrby()D

$daws[lnjtajt[bh`dj[!nr`(W!nr`)D

raturj systa`[sattdjks[!nr`(W!nr`)D

S

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[bh`dj[!nr`(MW!nr`) ]

W!nr`_*ltnnos[lnjtajt[boo[$daws*P J brrby( *typa* JT *lmal2fn0*

*tdtoa* JT t(*@b2a boo $daws b$bdobfoa bs pbjas*)

*haslrdptdnj* JT t(! lmal2ah boo $daws wdoo fa `bha b$bdobfoa

bs lnjtajt pbjas tn fa bhhah tn lnjtajt typas" ! jnt lmal2ah

njoy >daws tmbt mb$a b *'njtajt pbja* hdspoby wdoo fa b$bdobfoa bs

lnjtajt pbjas" Ajlmal2 tmds d! ynu wbjt tn fa bfoa tn `nra

lbra!uooy lnjtrno wmbt $daw lnjtajt ds b$bdobfoa tn usars usdjk tma

pbjaos obynut A")

*ha!buot[$boua* JT $brdbfoa[kat(*ltnnos[lnjtajt[boo[$daws*

XVA%)

)D

S

KQQ

Q #= !ujltdnj tn kat tma $daw"

- (259) -




QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[$daw(MWlnjta0t) ]

d! (a`pty(Wlnjta0t<T$daw) ^^ kat[lobss(Wlnjta0t<T$daw) JJ

*[[=6=[jln`poata['obss*) ]

Wlnjta0t<T$daw J $daws[kat[$daw(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*jb`a*P)D

d! (Wlnjta0t<T$daw) ]

Wlnjta0t<T$daw<Tsat[hdspoby(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*hdspoby*P)D

Wlnjta0t<T$daw<Tsat[brku`ajts(Wlnjta0t<Thbtb_*brks*P)D

S

S

raturj Wlnjta0t<T$dawD

S

KQQ

Q #= !ujltdnj tn kat tma $daw"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[nutput(MWlnjta0t) ]

d! (a`pty(Wlnjta0t<Tnutput)) ]

W$daw J $daws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[kat[$daw(Wlnjta0t)D

Wlnjta0t<Tnutput J W$daw<Ta0aluta[hdspoby(Wlnjta0t<

Thbtb_*hdspoby*P)D

S

raturj Wlnjta0t<TnutputD

- (252) -




S

KQQ

Q ?at tma tdtoa tn hdspoby !nr b $daws lnjtajt hdspoby !nr pbja nr

lnjta0t"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[kat[hdspoby[tdtoa(W$daw Whdspoby[dh

Wnptdnj J *pbja[tdtoa*) ]

Wmbjhoar J W$daw<Thdspoby_Whdspoby[dhP<TmbjhoarD

Wtdtoa J Wmbjhoar<Tkat[nptdnj(Wnptdnj)D d! (iWtdtoa) ]

d! (Wmbjhoar<Thdspoby<Thdspoby[tdtoa JJ Wmbjhoar<

Tha,jdtdnj_*tdtoa*P) ]

Wtdtoa J t(*>daw3 U$daw* brrby(*U$daw* JT W$daw<

Tkat[mu`bj[jb`a()))D

S

aosa ]

Wtdtoa J t(*>daw3 U$daw3 Uhdspoby* brrby(*U$daw* JT W$daw<

Tkat[mu`bj[jb`a() *Uhdspoby* JT Wmbjhoar<Thdspoby<

Thdspoby[tdtoa))D

S

S

raturj WtdtoaD

S

- (256) -




KQQ

Q ?at tma prnpar obfao !nr b hdspoby"

Q

Q >daws rajb`ah tma ha!buot tn @bstar fut dt lbj stdoo mb$a b

lnjdltdjk

Q hdspoby tdtoa" &d0 tmbt"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[kat[hdspoby[obfao(W$daw Whdspoby[dh) ]

Wtdtoa J Whdspoby[dh JJ *ha!buot* G t(*@bstar*) 3 W$daw<Thdspoby_Whdspoby[dhP<Thdspoby[tdtoaD

raturj WtdtoaD

S

KQQ

Q ?at tma lmdoh poukdj !nr b $daw lnjta0t hdspoby"

Q

Q Xmds lbj raturj fntm tma lnjta0t bjh raobtdnjsmdp styoa" Xma

Q Wra1udrah pbrb`atar ds usah tn hdstdjkudsm d! lnjta0t ds ra1udrah

Q nr jnt sn wa 2jnw wmatmar wa jaah dt sudtbfoa bs b pura

lnjta0t

Q (d"a jn lnjta0t ra1udrah) nr b raobtdnjsmdp (d"a lnjta0t

ra1udrah)"

QK

!ujltdnj [$daws[lnjtajt[kat[lnjta0t[!rn`[hdspoby(W$daw Wdh

- (25<) -




Wpbrajt Wra1udrah J XVA%) ]

Wtdtoa J $daws[lnjtajt[kat[hdspoby[tdtoa(W$daw Wdh

*bh`dj[tdtoa*)D

Whaslrdptdnj J W$daw<ThaslrdptdnjD


Wbrkuàjts J W$daw<Thdspoby[mbjhoar<Tkat[brkuàjt[djput()D

ltnnos[djlouha(*$daws*)D

!nrablm (Wbrkuàjts bs Wbrkuàjt) ] Wbrkuàjt_*obfao*P J Wbrkuàjt_*jbà*P G Wbrkuàjt_*jbà*P 3

**D

Wlnjta0ts_P J ltnnos[$daws[kat[brkuàjt[lnjta0t(Wbrkuàjt)D

S

Wpbss J &#\%D

d! (Wra1udrah) ]

KK ! lnjta0t ds ra1udrah `b2a sura wa mb$a bt oabst nja

nptdnjbo

KK nr ra1udrah lnjta0t"

!nrablm (Wlnjta0ts bs Wlnjta0t) ]

d! (ds[nfcalt(Wlnjta0t)) ]

Wpbss J XVA%D

frab2D

S

- (258) -




S

d! (iWpbss) ]

raturjD

S

S

aosa ]

KK ! lnjta0t ds jnt ra1udrah tmaj mb$djk bjy ra1udrah lnjta0t

KK lbusas b !bdo"

!nrablm (Wlnjta0ts bs Wlnjta0t) ] d! (ds[nfcalt(Wlnjta0t) MM kat[lobss(Wlnjta0t) JJ

*ltnnos[lnjta0t[ra1udrah*) ]

raturjD

S

S

KK \djla wa 2jnw wa hnj*t wbjt lnjta0ts wa bj ujsat tmds jnw"


S

d! (Wra1udrah) ]

W!ujltdnj J *$daws[lnjtajt[$daw[!rn`[brku`ajt[lnjta0t*D

S

aosa ]

W!ujltdnj J *$daws[lnjtajt[lnjta0t[$daw[lrabta*D

- (251) -




S

raturj brrby(

*tdtoa* JT Wtdtoa

*haslrdptdnj* JT ,otar[0ss[bh`dj(Whaslrdptdnj)

*ra1udrah lnjta0t* JT Wlnjta0ts

*2aywnrh* JT *$daw*

*lnjta0t* JT W!ujltdnj

*lnjta0t jbà* JT W$daw<Tjbà

*jbà* JT Wpbrajt " *3* " W$daw<Tjbà " *<* " Wdh *$daw jbà* JT W$daw<Tjbà

*$daw hdspoby dh* JT Wdh

)D

S

KQQ

Q `poaàjts mnn2[kat[pbja[odj2s[botar()"

QK

!ujltdnj $daws[lnjtajt[kat[pbja[odj2s[botar(MWodj2s Wpbja

Wlnjtajt[typa) ]

d! (Wpbja<Ttypa JJJ *$daws[pbjas*) ]

odst(W$daw[jbà Whdspoby[jbà) J a0ponha(*<* Wpbja<

Tsuftypa)D

Whastdjbtdnj J brrby(*hastdjbtdnj* JT lurrajt[pbtm())D

Wodj2s_*tnp*P_P J brrby(

- (255) -




*tdtoa* JT t(*%hdt $daw*)

*mra!* JT uro(*bh djKstrulturaK$dawsK$dawK* " W$daw[jbà "

*KahdtK* " Whdspoby[jbà brrby(*1uary* JT Whastdjbtdnj *bfsnouta*

JT XVA%))

)D

S

S

'nha n! mtò"tpo"pmp

iHE'X:=% mtò =AF' <KK;B'KKHXH 86X@VH&b -"9KK%

mttp3KKwww"wB"nrkK@br2ApKHXHK0mtò<rh!b<-"hthT

mtò 0òjsJmttp3KKwww"wB"nrkK-...K0mtò 0ò3objkJGpmp

prdjt Wobjkubka<TobjkubkaD GT $arsdnjJ86X@VH&b -"9

hdrJGpmp prdjt Wobjkubka<ThdrD GTGpmp prdjt

Wrh![jbàspblasD GTT

mabhT

Gpmp prdjt WmabhD GT

tdtoaTGpmp prdjt Wmabh[tdtoaD GTKtdtoaT

Gpmp prdjt WstyoasD GT

Gpmp prdjt WslrdptsD GT

KmabhT

fnhy lobssJGpmp prdjt WlobssasD GTGpmp prdjt

WbttrdfutasD GTT

Gpmp prdjt Wpbka[tnpD GT

- (25;) -




Gpmp prdjt WpbkaD GT

Gpmp prdjt Wpbka[fnttn`D GT

KfnhyT

Kmt`oT

'nha n! =bka"tpo"pmp

hd$ dhJwrbpparT

i<< snldbofbr \tbrts <<T

Gpmp d! (Whdspoby)3 GT hd$ dhJsnldbofbrT

uo lobssJsnldboT

Gpmp Wnptdnjs_*bttrdfutas*P J brrby(*tbrkat* JT *[fobj2*)D GT

Gpmp d! (W!blafnn2)3 GTod lobssJ!fTGpmp prdjt

o(t(*!blafnn2*) W!blafnn2 Wnptdnjs)D GTKodT Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (Wtwdttar)3 GTod lobssJtwTGpmp prdjt

o(t(*twdttar*) Wtwdttar Wnptdnjs)D GTKodT Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (Wodj2ahdj)3 GTod lobssJojTGpmp prdjt

o(t(*odj2ahdj*) Wodj2ahdj Wnptdnjs)D GTKodT Gpmp ajhd!D GT

KuoT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

i<< snldbofbr %jhs <<T

i<< 6abhar \tbrts <<T

- (25=) -




hd$ dhJmabhar lobssJloabr,0T

Gpmp d! (Wonkn ^^ Wsdta[sonkbj)3 GT

hd$ dhJonkn[sonkbj[wrbpparT

i<< onkn \X#VX <<T

Gpmp d! (Wonkn)3 GT

hd$ dhJonknT

b mra!JGpmp prdjt W!rnjt[pbkaD GT tdtoaJGpmp prdjt

t(*6nà*)D GTTd`k srlJGpmp prdjt WonknD GT botJGpmp

prdjt t(*6nà*)D GT KTKbT

Khd$T Gpmp ajhd!D GT

i<< onkn %jhs <<T

i<< sdta sonkbj \tbrts <<T

Gpmp d! (Wsdta[sonkbj)3 GT

hd$ dhJsdtajbàT

pTGpmp prdjt Wsdta[sonkbjD GTKpTi<<sdta sonkbj<<T

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

i<< sdta sonkbj %jhs <<T

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

i<< jb$dkbtdnj \X#VX <<T

hd$ dhJjb$dkbtdnj lobssJloabr,0T

- (254) -




hd$ dhJ`bdj<`ajuT

Gpmp prdjt hrupbo[rajhar(W`bdj[`aju[traa)D GT

Khd$T

Khd$T

i<< jb$dkbtdnj %jhs <<T

Khd$T

i<< 6abhar %jhs <<T

i<< \odhar \tbrts <<T

Gpmp d! (Wsodhasmnw[hdspoby)3 GT hd$ dhJsodharT

hd$ dh Jsodha lobssJ`bdj[$dawT

hd$ lobssJsodha<brabT

hd$ dhJhd$dhar[wrbpparThd$

dhJhd$dharTKhd$TKhd$T

hd$ lobssJsodha[d`bkaT

Gpmp prdjt Wsodhad`bka-D GT

Gpmp prdjt Wsodhad`bkaD GT

Gpmp prdjt Wsodhad`bkaBD GT

Khd$T

Gpmp d! (Wsodha-[tdtoa ^ Wsodha-[hasl)3GT

hd$ lobssJhaslrdptdnjs styoaJhdspoby3 jnjaDT

hd$ lobssJhasl T

hd$ lobssJhasl[tnp TGpmp prdjt Wsodha-[tdtoaD G

- (2;9) -




TKhd$T

hd$ lobssJhasl[fnttn` TGpmp prdjt Wsodha-[haslD G

TKhd$T

Khd$T

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (Wsodha[tdtoa ^^ Wsodha[hasl)3GT


hd$ lobssJhasl T

hd$ lobssJhasl[tnpTGpmp prdjt Wsodha[tdtoaD GTKhd$T

hd$ lobssJhasl[fnttn`TGpmp prdjt Wsodha[haslD G

TKhd$T

Khd$T

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (WsodhaB[tdtoa ^^ WsodhaB[hasl)3GT


hd$ lobssJhaslT

hd$ lobssJhasl[tnpTGpmp prdjt WsodhaB[tdtoaD G

TKhd$T

hd$ lobssJhasl[fnttn`TGpmp prdjt WsodhaB[haslD G

TKhd$T

Khd$T

Khd$T

- (2;2) -




Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

hd$ lobssJpbkdjkT

b raoJ- mra!JTKbT

b raoJ mra!JTKbT

b raoJB mra!JTKbT

Khd$T

Khd$T

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT i<< \odhar %jhs <<T

Gpmp prdjt W`assbkasD GT

hd$ lobssJloabrTKhd$T

i<<Xmraa 'nou`j Fonl2s \tbrts <<T

Gpmp d! (ia`pty(Wlno-tdtoa) ^^ ia`pty(Wlno-))3 Wju`- J -D

ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (ia`pty(Wlnotdtoa) ^^ ia`pty(Wlno))3 Wju` J -D

ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (ia`pty(WlnoBtdtoa) ^^ ia`pty(WlnoB))3 Wju`B J -D

ajhd!D GT

Gpmp

Wsu` J (dssat(Wju`-) " dssat(Wju`) " dssat(Wju`B))D

Wrasuot J stroaj(Wsu`)D

- (2;6) -




d! (Wrasuot JJ -)3W$boua J njaDajhd!D

d! (Wrasuot JJ )3W$boua J twnDajhd!D

d! (Wrasuot JJ B)3W$boua J tmraaDajhd!D

W$boua[trbdo- J -D

d! (Wrasuot JJ -)3W$boua[trbdo- J obstDajhd!D

W$boua[trbdo J D

d! (Wrasuot JJ )3W$boua[trbdo J obstDajhd!D

W$boua[trbdoB J BD

d! (Wrasuot JJ B)3W$boua[trbdoB J obstDajhd!D

GT hd$ dhJlnou`j<lnjta0t lobssJloabr,0 Gpmp prdjt W$bouaD G

TT

hd$ dhJlnou`j<wrbppar lobssJloabr,0 Gpmp prdjt

W$bouaD GTT

Gpmp d!(Wlno-tdtoa ^^ Wlno-)3 GT

hd$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prdjt W$boua[trbdo-D GTT

Gpmp d!(Wlno-tdtoa)3 GT

mTGpmp prdjt (Wlno-tdtoa)D GTKmT

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d!(Wlno-)3 GT

hd$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prdjt (Wlno-)D GT Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d!(Wlnotdtoa ^^ Wlno)3 GT

- (2;<) -




hd$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prdjt W$boua[trbdoD GTT

Gpmp d!(Wlnotdtoa)3 GT

mTGpmp prdjt (Wlnotdtoa)D GTKmT

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d!(Wlno)3 GT

hd$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prdjt (Wlno)D GT Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d!(WlnoBtdtoa ^^ WlnoB)3 GT hd$ lobssJlnou`j Gpmp prdjt W$boua[trbdoBD GTT

Gpmp d!(WlnoBtdtoa)3 GT

mTGpmp prdjt (WlnoBtdtoa)D GTKmT

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d!(WlnoB)3 GT

hd$ lobssJlno<lnjtajtT Gpmp prdjt (WlnoB)D GT Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Khd$T

i<<Xmraa 'nou`j Fonl2s %jhs <<T

i<<;aoln`a Fonl2s \tbrts <<T

Gpmp d! (Wwtdtoa ^^ Wwta0t)3GT

- (2;8) -




hd$ lobssJwaolnà[lnjtajtT

Gpmp d! (Wwtdtoa)3GT

hd$ lobssJwaolnàtdtoaTmTGpmp prdjt (Wwtdtoa)D G

TKmTKhd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (Wwta0t)3GT

hd$ lobssJwaolnàta0tTGpmp prdjt (Wwta0t)D GTKhd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT


i<<;aolnà Fonl2s %jhs <<T

i<<&nntar lnjta0t \tbrt <<T

hd$ dhJ!nntar<lnjta0tT

i<<Fnttn` Fonl2s \tbrt <<T

Gpmp d! (Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)3 GT

hd$ dhJ!nntar<tnpT

Gpmp d! (Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)3 GT

hd$ lobssJ!nntar<fn0TGpmp prdjt

rajhar(Wpbka_*fnttn`*P)D GTKhd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

- (2;1) -





i<<Fnttn` Fonl2s %jhs <<T

i<<&nntar \tbrt <<T

hd$ dhJ!nntar<fnttn`T

Gpmp prdjt rajhar(Wpbka_*!nntar*P) GT

Gpmp d! (W!nntar[lnpyrdkmt ^^ W!nntar[ha$aonpah)3 GT

hd$ dhJlnpyrdkmtT

Gpmp d! (W!nntar[lnpyrdkmt)3 GT

Gpmp prdjt t(*'npyrdkmt*)D GT MlnpyD Gpmp prdjt hbta(:)DGT Gpmp prdjt Wsdta[jb`aD GT"

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp d! (W!nntar[ha$aonpah)3 GT

spbj lobssJha$aonpahTGpmp prdjt t(*Hasdkjah M

Ha$aonp fy*)D GT

b mra!JGpmp prdjt (W!nntar[ha$aonpahfy[uro)D GT

tbrkatJ[fobj2T

Gpmp prdjt (W!nntar[ha$aonpahfy)D GT

KbT

KspbjT

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Khd$T

i<<&nntar %jhs <<T

- (2;5) -




Khd$T

i<<&nntar lnjta0t %jhs <<T


Khd$T

'nha n! jnha"tpo"pmp

Gpmp d! (iWpbka)3 GT

hd$ dhJjnha<Gpmp prdjt Wjnha<TjdhD GT lobssJGpmp

prdjt WlobssasD GT loabr,0Gpmp prdjt WbttrdfutasD GTT Gpmp ajhd!D GT


hd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp prdjt rajhar(Wtdtoa[pra,0)D GT


m lobssJtdtoa Gpmp prdjt Wtdtoa[bttrdfutasD GTTb

mra!JGpmp prdjt Wjnha[uroD GTTGpmp prdjt WtdtoaD G

TKbTKmT

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp prdjt rajhar(Wtdtoa[suC0)D GT

Gpmp d! (Whdspoby[suf`dttah)3 GT

spbj lobssJsuf`dttahTGpmp prdjt Wsuf`dttahD G

TKspbjT

- (2;;) -




Gpmp ajhd!D GT


Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

hd$ lobssJlnjtajt Gpmp prdjt Wlobssas[brrby_*-*PD GTGpmp

prdjt Wlnjtajt[bttrdfutasD GTT

Gpmp

KK 6dha ln`àjts tbks bjh odj2s jnw sn tmbt wa lbj rajhartma` obtar"

mdha(Wlnjtajt_*ln`àjts*P)D

mdha(Wlnjtajt_*odj2s*P)D

prdjt rajhar(Wlnjtajt)D

GT

Khd$T

Gpmp d! (ia`pty(Wlnjtajt_*odj2s*P))3 GT

hd$T

Gpmp prdjt rajhar(Wlnjtajt_*odj2s*P)D GT

Khd$T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

Gpmp prdjt rajhar(Wlnjtajt_*ln`àjts*P)D GT


- (2;=) -




Khd$T i<< K"jnha <<T

Gpmp ajhd!D GT

- (2;4) -




*aearajlas bjh dfodnkrbpmy3

• mttp$))www.ouahbrt.ln`)

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•mttp$))www.pmp.jat)

• mttp$))www.tutnrdbospndjt.ln`)`ys'o)

• mttph.bpblma.nrk)hnls)7.)`dsl)tutnrdbos.mt`o

courier management system project report

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