COUNTRY REPORT OF

PAKISTAN

A CAPACITY BUILDING WORKSHOP FOR CENTRAL, SOUTH, AND EAST ASIA ON ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION TO SUPPORT

ACHIEVEMENT OF THE AICHI BIODIVERSITY TARGETS

Jeju, Republic of Korea14 to18 July 2014

Pakistan lies between 23-27O

N and 61-81o E in SouthernAsia, bordering the ArabianSea, between India on theeast and Iran and Afghanistanon the west and China in thenorth and covers a land areaof 88.2 million hectares.Pakistan has a coastline ofabout 1,046 km with 22,820km2 of territorial waters andan Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) of about 196,600 km2.

Name of the Peak Altitude Range World RankMeters Feet

K2 8611 28253 Karakoram 2Nanga Parbat 8125 26660 Himalaya 9Gasherbrum I 8068 26470 Karakoram 11Broad Peak 8047 26400 Karakoram 12

Gasherbrum II 8035 26360 Karakoram 14

IRAN

U.S.S.R

CHINA

EASTERNIRANO-TURANIAN

SUBREGIONWESTERNIRANO-TURANIAN

SUBREGION

SAHARO-SINDIANREGION

INDIAN REGION

30O

60O 75O

IRAN

U.S.S.R

CHINA

EASTERNIRANO-TURANIAN

SUBREGIONWESTERNIRANO-TURANIAN

SUBREGION

SAHARO-SINDIANREGION

INDIAN REGION

Species Richness

About 6000 species of plants out of which 7% are Endemic to Pakistan 200 Species and subspecies of Mammals 666 species of Birds, many of which migratory and some Endangered More than 500 species of Fishes Diverse Reptilian and Amphibian Fauna Invertebrates???

Gymnosperms Families Genera Species

4 7

21 Angiosperms Families Genera Species

217

1391 5679

Flowering Plant Families Genera Species

221 ± 1398 ± 5700

Betula Forest Picea smithiana

Area % of the Country4.2 million hect. (including forests,trees on farm land and scrubs)

4.8

<3.5 million herbs (Plantation of singlespecies excluded)

4

2.4 million hect. Trees (Forest, Scrubsexcluded)

2.7

o Unfortunately very little work has been done on the conservation status of plants IN Pakistan particularly on endemic and rare taxa

o No red data book is available for Pakistan.

o Many countries including USA, European countries, China and India have red data book.

o IUCN has listed on 19 plant species as threatened.

o Recently conservation status of more than 50 plant species from Northern areas, Chitral, and lower Sindh has been determined.

Deforestation for land uses Timber wood for commercial purposes

SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY

Office of the Conservator Wildlife, Ministry of Climate Change works with Technicalassistance of the following organizations:

Fauna:- Zoological Survey Department (ZSD)- Provincial/Territorial Wildlife Departments- Pakistan Museum of Natural History (PMNH)Flora:- Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI)- National Herbarium,Provincial/Territorial Forest Departments / Universities

PROTECTED AREAS NETWORK IN PAKISTAN Wildlife management and conservation in Pakistan, a provincial subject, However, liaison with

international agencies, conventions and coordination with provincial/territorial authorities is carried out at Federal level.

Millennium Development Goals, Protected Areas up to 12% of its total land area by 2015, which has already been achieved. Total protected area is now more than 12%

PROTECTED AREAS INCLUDE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES: National Parks: 26 Wildlife Sanctuaries: 92 Game Reserves: 89 Community Conservation Areas: 115 19Ramsar Sites, total surface area of 13,43,627 ha.

Summary of National Parks in PakistanProvince / Territory Total Area

(km2)National Parks

Number Area (ha) Area Percent

Azad Jammu andKashmir (AJK)

12,431 7 99,191

7.98Gilgit – Baltistan 347,190 5 2,016,745

5.81Balochistan 68,879 2 643,539

9.34Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 74,521 6 196,649

2.64Punjab 205,345 4 210,824

1.03Sindh 140,914 1 308733

2.19Islamabad capitalTerritory (ICT)

906 1 17,386

19.19Federally Administrated Tribal Area (FATA)

27,220 0 0

Total for Pakistan 877,406 26 3,493,067 3.96

National Parks

Saiful muluk during June – Muluk National Park

Khunjrab National Park

LEGISLATIVE COVER/STRATEGIES AND POLICIES

National Conservation Strategy 2002 (Revised) Biodiversity Action Plan 2000 Trade Policy, Customs Act Pakistan Trade Control of Wild Fauna and Flora Act Provincial Wildlife Acts/Ordinances Forest Act(1927) The NWFP Management of Protected Forests Rules (1975) The Pakistan Plant Quarantine Act (1976) The NWFP Forests Development Corporation Ordinance (1980) The Bio-Safety Rules 2005

A number of steps have been taken to direct Pakistan’s strategies, policies and legislation toward the conservation of forest Biodiversity. The Forestry Master Plan was launched in 1992 for a period of 25 years for sustainable forest development and management. Pakistan’s first National Environment Policy 2005 which provides guidelines and action plans for the conservation of forest biodiversity in all eco-zones

A Brief Overview Of The Four Provincial Conservation Strategies

1. Prepare a National Biodiversity Program covering CBD thematicareas

2. Prepare a National Plan of Work for the protected areas.3. Prepare a National Plant Conservation Strategy.4. Prepare a National Plan of Work for selected NTFPs (flora and

fauna) and make implementation arrangements5. Prepare a National Plan of Work for restoring populations of

selected endangered and threatened species.6. Develop and run pilot demonstrations for ecosystem management

approach and climate change mitigation in selected biomes outsidethe protected areas system.

7. Develop a monitoring and reporting system to assess progress onimplementation of CBD

Immediate attention for conservation be given to Endemic and sub- endemic taxa because they are most vulnerable

Preparation of red data book. Hot localities to be identified. Creation of Public awareness about the sustainable use of Plant wealth and harmful effect of

biodiversity loss.

MAJOR SUCCESSES IN THE COUNTRY •Biodiversity is included in the curriculum of many universities.•Biodiversity considerations are included in the environmental impactassessments.•Gradual increase of community participation in conservation.•Conservation status of many threatened and critically endangered specieshas improved.•Protected Area coverage has increased and number of PAs undereffective management has also increased.

Conservation of Biodiversity(National Level)

The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (1992)

Biodiversity Action Plan (2000)/NBSAP Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) Climate Change Division (Forestry Wing) Focal Point for CBD, CMS, CITES and Ramsar Convention Biodiversity Directorate

Biodiversity Working Group Climate Change Policy

National Forest Policy (under consideration) National Wetlands Policy (under consideration)

Legislative Cover: Pakistan Trade Control of Wild Fauna and Flora Act 2012 The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 Customs Act, 1969

Conservation of Biodiversity at Sub-national/Provincial Level

Provincial Conservation Strategies Territorial Conservation Strategies Provincial Forests and Wildlife Departments Provincial Agriculture and Livestock Departments Provincial Environmental Protection Departments Provincial Fisheries Departments Legislative Cover: The Sindh Wildlife Protection Ordinance, 1972 The Balochistan Wildlife Protection Act, 1974 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act,

1975 The Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas) Wildlife Preservation Act, 1975 Azad Jammu & Kashmir Wildlife Act, 1975 The Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) (Amendment)

Act, 2007 The Islamabad Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) (Amendment)

Act, 2008 Provincial Environmental Protection laws Provincial Forests Laws Provincial Fisheries Laws

PUBLIC AWARENESS

PUBLIC AWARENESS

PUBLIC AWARENESS

PUBLIC AWARENESS

UP-COMING ACTIVITY

4th International and 13th National Conference of

(26 – 28 August 2014)

Organized By: Pakistan Botanical Society (PBS), Pakistan

Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir Upper, KPK

Pakistan Journal of Botany Impact Factor 0.9 Focal Person Dr. Midrarullah

Chairman Department of Biological Sciences

Email: drmidrarullah@yahoo.com presidentpbs@sbbu.edu.pk