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Directorate General of Land TransportationMinistry of TransportationREPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

17 March 2008

Country Initiatives on

ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT IN INDONESIA

BY: DR. ELLY ADRIANI SINAGA

THIRD REGIONAL EST FORUM IN ASIA

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Indonesia : The Archipelago CountryPopulation 230 m (2007)Jakarta ,the Capital City

650km2; 8,86 m people (2% growth/annum)

The surrounding cities:BODETABEK; 5789 km2;23,673 m people (2,09% growth/annum)

JAKARTA

1. INTRODUCTION

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• Number of vehicles 6,3 m(growth 11% /annum ) :

- Private Car: 89.45% (Motorcycle: 54.14%)- Goods Vehs: 9.21%- Public Transport Vehs: 1.35%

(56% share)

• 700 private cars increase/dayNeed 3 km road length/day; Road growth 0.1%).

2. CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS JAKARTA, the Capital CityJAKARTA, the Capital City

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PortraitPortrait of current motor cycle usageof current motor cycle usage

It gives us the way to suicide

Low cost, low travelling

time, high speed and

…..high RiSK

Polution

But ….. Door to door

.very cheap

.any road

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Typical Traffic Problems

CONGESTION

POLUTION

TRADITIONAL MARKET

SMALL PARATRANSIT

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Number of Trips (trips/day)

973.768 (2002)1.123.396 (2007)1.237.677 (2010)1.293.040 (2014)

1.513.839 (2002)1.746.452 (2007)1.926.184 (2010)2.012.345 (2014)

1.108.396 (2002)1.278.709 (2007)1.413.027 (2010)1.476.234 (2014)

Tangerang

Bogor & Depok

Bekasi

9.468.203 (2002)12.600.000 (2007)13.187.391 (2010)14.600.000 (2014)

JAKARTA

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1520253035404550

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

Time Series

Wid

th (m

ill. m

2)

jalankend.

3.300

3.000

2.700

2.400

2.100

1.800

1.500

1.200

Vehicles Unit(x 1.000)

5045403530252015

ROAD WIDTH UTILIZATION BY VEHICLES GROWTH IN JAKARTA

roadveh

CONSTRAINT & ISSUES

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3. TRANSPORTATION POLICY3. TRANSPORTATION POLICY

Pro-public transport.Develop sustainable and reliable public transport system which covers the whole urban area, and provide service to all level of income group.

• Cheaper Operating Cost • Optimal use of lanes;• The development is quick, cheap &

flexible.

Bus-based Mass Transit System - BRT COST PER PASS-KM

218

13579

050

100150

200250

300

Bus Besar Bus Sedang Angkot

Kind of Transportation

Rp.

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Peds. Facilities & NMV

Peds. Facilities & NMV

Integrated Network for Pedestrians & NMV

Pedestrian Walkways, Curbs, Peds-Crossing

Facilities for DiffablePeople & Senior People

Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) Parking Management/ RestraintCar free day event

Traffic RestraintTraffic Restraint

TransJakartaBusway (BRT)

Monorail – Light Rail Transit

Waterways

Mass Rapid Transit

Mass TransitMass Transit

STRATEGY FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY STRATEGY FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY (JAKARTA)(JAKARTA)

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4.Best practices (PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM)(PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM)

SmallSmall--inefficient inefficient paratransitparatransitbigger, cheaper, safer bigger, cheaper, safer BRT systemBRT system

UnUn--scheduled bunching scheduled bunching and leaf and leaf froggingfroggingregular and reliable regular and reliable operationoperation

PrivatePrivate--small ownership small ownership more professional more professional management companymanagement company

11Transfer Activities In “Harmoni Central Busway Transfer Station”

TRANSJAKARTA BUSWAY AT A GLANCE

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Ticket revenueTicket revenue

Subsidy

If surplus:Sistem development:

If deficit:subsidy

MANAGEMENT

PT Authority

Revenue Operating cost

PaymentPayment

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1

23

6

7

5

4

ANCOL

KP. RAMBUTAN

KP. MELAYU

RAGUNAN

BLOK M

KALIDERES

PULOGADUNG

PULOGEBANG

HI

KOTA

TJ. PRIOK

KUNINGAN

DUKUHATAS

HARMONI7 CORRIDORS :

1. Blok M – Kota (2004)

2. Pulogadung – Harmoni (2006)

3. Kalideres – Harmoni (2006)

4. Pulogadung - Dukuh Atas (2007)

5. Kp.Melayu – Ancol (2007)

6. Ragunan – Kuningan (2007)

7. Kp.Rambutan - Kp.Melayu (2007)

BUSWAY CORRIDORS (UP TO 2007)

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Mass Transportation on Road Time Savings in Jakarta

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BUSWAY IMPACTSBUSWAY IMPACTS

1. 14% of busway user shifted from private car (JICA)

2. Number of busway passenger increase significantly each year

3. Based on Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) research, each year busway operation:a. reduce emission 155 ton of Nox b. reduce 23 ton of Particulatec. reduce CO2 emission up to 20,000 ton

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BRT BenefitBRT Benefit

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-“Kota Sejuta Angkot”(“City of Paratransit”)

Private/Personal Fleet ownership-Conventional Management

BOGORBOGOR- Operating Urban Mass Transport,

* as a new transport mode, * More comfortable (air

conditioned buses)- New professional management* Smart Card Ticketing System* Scheduled Services

- Using Biofuel (Waste Cooking oil)

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a. Operating Urban Mass Transport, * as a new transport mode, * More comfortable (air conditioned

buses)b. Operated By a Consortium Company c. New professional management

* Smart Card On-line Ticketing System* Scheduled Services* Public Private Partnership* Local governments coordination

Before: Services Of Paratransit* Private/Personal Fleet Ownership* Conventional Management* Non Motorized Vehicles

Yogyakarta

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“ TRANS JOGJA ”

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5. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT A. BRT System Be Implemented in Other Big and Medium Cities, 2008 :

Metropolitan city : JabodetabekBig Cities:Medan – North Sumatera;Bandung – West Java;Semarang – Central Java;Surabaya – East Java;Makassar – South Sulawesi;

Medium Cities: Pekanbaru, Surakarta, ManadoElevated Busway on The Toll Road Network In Greater Jakarta JABODETABEK

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FUTURE JABODETABEK BUSWAY DEVELOPMENT

Koridor A (Non Tol): Cikupa-Bitung- Tangerang-Kalideres

Koridor B (Non Tol) Serpong (BSD) - Puspitek-Pondok Cabe-Pondok Indah

Koridor C (Non Tol) Depok (Margonda)-Lenteng Agung-Ragunan

Koridor D (Non Tol) Cibubur (Cileungsi) via Jl Raya Bogor-Kampung Rambutan

Koridor E (Non Tol) Cikarang-Cibitung- Bekasi-Kalimalang/Pulo Gadung

CIKUPA

KALIDERES

GROGOL

CILEDUG

PONDOK INDAH

RAGUNANKP RAMBUTAN

KALIMALANG

PULO GADUNG

Koridor A (Tol): Cikupa-Bitung-Tol Merak Jakarta-Grogol

Koridor B (Tol) Serpong (BSD) -Tol Serpong Jakarta-Ciledug

Koridor D (Tol) Cibubur (Cileungsi) via Jl Tol Jagorawi-Kampung Rambutan

Koridor E (Tol) Cikarang-Tol Cikampek Jakarta-Kalimalang

SERPONG

DEPOK

CIBUBUR (CILEUNGSI)

Bogor, Depok, Bekasi and Tangerang

physically

and economicaly

agglomerate to Jakarta form a

megapolitan

city of Jabodetabek.

The Transportation Masterplan

should cater all

megapolitan

areas, and public transport

operation serving to and from Jakarta to the urban fringes.

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Area: Phase 1 replacing 3-in-1 scheme Phase 2: East – West (between railway lines)

Charging Methods: Area PricingTarget : Cars and MotorcyclesOperation Hours : 07:00-10:00;

16:00-19:00 Mon-Fri.Benefit: Financial : IRR =23.4%, B/C=1.69, NPV=1274 billions RpsExpected Impacts: pull-out 20% traffic from area

B. Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

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Jakarta 3-in-1 Scheme

Only vehicles with three or more passengers were allowed to enter the restricted road section

3 in 1 scheme will be replaced by Electronic Road Pricing in 2009Jabodetabek Toll-road will be eqquiped by Electronic Toll Collection System

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3. Intelligent Transport System 3. Intelligent Transport System DevelopmentDevelopment

• Jakarta• Bandung• Surabaya• Batam• Tegal• Pekanbaru

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4. Traffic Safety for Children4. Traffic Safety for Children

Helmet for KidsSchool Safety Zone

Traffic safety Publication

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Implementation EURO Standard for new production

EURO 2 at 2007;EURO 4 at 2012 (plan);EURO 5 at 2015 (plan).

Implementation Compulsory Periodical Vehicle Inspection for Private Cars and Motorcycle under New Road Transport and Traffic Law

5. Improvement Of Motor Vehicle Technology, Inspection and Maintenance

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6. Energy Diversification

Gas for Transport (CNG): 1755 unit Converter Kit installed on taxis

in Jakarta

Bio fuel (Bio-solar and Bio-ethanol)

for

government vehicles;

Waste Cooking Oil (BDF in Bogor)

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TERIMA KASIH