Countries and Countries and Their SettlementsTheir Settlements

St. Augustine and QuebecSt. Augustine and Quebec

Lesson OutcomesLesson OutcomesObjective: Objective:

Students will Students will compare compare characteristics of characteristics of colonial settlements colonial settlements and how they and how they influenced influenced settlement patterns settlement patterns in colonial America.in colonial America.

Essential Question:Essential Question:

How did the settling How did the settling of different of different European countries European countries in North America in North America lead to the lead to the colonization of colonization of America?America?

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration► The 1500’s were the The 1500’s were the

Age of Exploration Age of Exploration for Europeans.for Europeans.

► Prior to this time, Prior to this time, only a few people only a few people had traveled very had traveled very far from Europe.far from Europe.

► Europeans wanted Europeans wanted to search lands that to search lands that were unknown to were unknown to them.them.

Early ExplorersEarly Explorers France, Spain and France, Spain and

England wanted to England wanted to establish establish themselves in the themselves in the new world.new world.

Make a Make a prediction:prediction:

Why would Why would France, Spain France, Spain and England and England want to establish want to establish themselves in themselves in the new world?the new world?

Our PredictionsOur Predictions

Spain in the New WorldSpain in the New World Europeans in the Europeans in the

early 1500’s early 1500’s called the lands called the lands across the across the Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean the New World. the New World. Spaniards began Spaniards began settling in this settling in this New World.New World.

Spain’s ClaimSpain’s Claim There were some reasons There were some reasons

why the different rulers why the different rulers wanted to protect Spain’s wanted to protect Spain’s claim in this new land. claim in this new land. First, Spain wanted to First, Spain wanted to

extend the rule of Spain. extend the rule of Spain. Second, the country Second, the country

wanted the riches and wanted the riches and power from having a power from having a hold in the New World. hold in the New World.

The last reason was that The last reason was that they wanted to spread they wanted to spread Christianity.Christianity.

St. AugustineSt. Augustine► One of Spain’s settlements was One of Spain’s settlements was

called St. Augustine. called St. Augustine. ► It was located on the east coast It was located on the east coast

of Florida. of Florida. ► It is the oldest permanent It is the oldest permanent

European settlement on the European settlement on the North American continent. North American continent.

► Spain sent the Spanish explorer Spain sent the Spanish explorer Pedro Menendez to claim this Pedro Menendez to claim this area for Spain. area for Spain.

► The time was August 28, 1565, The time was August 28, 1565, the feast day of Saint the feast day of Saint Augustine. Augustine.

► The explorer and his six The explorer and his six hundred soldiers and settlers hundred soldiers and settlers landed at the place of a landed at the place of a Timucuan Indian village which Timucuan Indian village which Menendez named St. Augustine.Menendez named St. Augustine.

St. AugustineSt. Augustine► After Menendez had the coast of Florida under Spanish control, he builds the After Menendez had the coast of Florida under Spanish control, he builds the

town. town.

► He established missions for the church and Indians. This settlement of St. He established missions for the church and Indians. This settlement of St. Augustine was established before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock fifty-five Augustine was established before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock fifty-five years later.years later.

► Over the next two hundred years, pirates and the English attacked St. Augustine. Over the next two hundred years, pirates and the English attacked St. Augustine. The English explorer Sir Francis Drake attacked and burned the settlement in The English explorer Sir Francis Drake attacked and burned the settlement in 1586.1586.

St. AugustineSt. Augustine

► Finally the attacks were coming so frequently that Spain wanted a stone Finally the attacks were coming so frequently that Spain wanted a stone fort built. fort built.

► The fort called Castillo de San Marcos took twenty-three years to build The fort called Castillo de San Marcos took twenty-three years to build and the settlement never fell to an enemy attack again.and the settlement never fell to an enemy attack again.

► In 1763, Spain turned Florida over to England. St. Augustine was under In 1763, Spain turned Florida over to England. St. Augustine was under British rule for twenty years. This was the period of time of the American British rule for twenty years. This was the period of time of the American Revolution. During the Revolution, Florida remained loyal to England.Revolution. During the Revolution, Florida remained loyal to England.

► St. Augustine was one of two hundred settlements Spain had in the New St. Augustine was one of two hundred settlements Spain had in the New World before any other country had even one.World before any other country had even one.

Predictions RevisitedPredictions Revisited Why did Spain want to establish itself in Why did Spain want to establish itself in

the New World?the New World?

France in the New WorldFrance in the New World News of the Spanish News of the Spanish

explorations and explorations and settlements in the New settlements in the New World spread World spread throughout Europe. throughout Europe. The King of France The King of France wanted to become as wanted to become as powerful in land and powerful in land and riches as Spain. The riches as Spain. The race for control of North race for control of North America had begun!America had begun!

France’s ClaimFrance’s Claim

► The King of France learned that Spain was becoming The King of France learned that Spain was becoming rich from the wealth of its settlements.rich from the wealth of its settlements.

► France wanted to control North America and would France wanted to control North America and would need money and natural resources to do so.need money and natural resources to do so.

QuebecQuebec► The settlement of The settlement of

Quebec, located on a Quebec, located on a cliff above the St. cliff above the St. Lawrence River, was Lawrence River, was founded by the French founded by the French explorer Samuel explorer Samuel Champlain in 1608. Champlain in 1608.

► Most of the French Most of the French settlers made a living by settlers made a living by trading with the Indians trading with the Indians of the area. They traded of the area. They traded kettles, knives, tools, kettles, knives, tools, beads, and other goods beads, and other goods for furs that the Indians for furs that the Indians got by trapping beavers.got by trapping beavers.

French Settlements ExpandFrench Settlements Expand► In the early 1700’s, the In the early 1700’s, the

French built settlements French built settlements and forts on the and forts on the Mississippi and northern Mississippi and northern shore of the Gulf of shore of the Gulf of Mexico. Mexico.

► These protected the These protected the French from attack by French from attack by the Spaniards in the the Spaniards in the northern part of Mexico. northern part of Mexico.

► The French also built The French also built forts and settlements on forts and settlements on the Mississippi River the Mississippi River farther north.farther north.

Predictions RevisitedPredictions Revisited Why did France want to establish itself Why did France want to establish itself

in the New World?in the New World?

Essential QuestionEssential Question How did the settling of the different European countries How did the settling of the different European countries

in North America lead to the colonization of America?in North America lead to the colonization of America?