cotugno montreal 2-10-2011
TRANSCRIPT
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Portland, ORMetro area:
Transit Serviceand Finance
Linking Land Use, Transportationand the Environment
Andy Cotugno Senior Policy Advisor |Metro | Portland, Oregon
PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
The Pacific Northwest
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Regional Context
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
2040 Theme:
Growth in Centers
Compact urban centers built to human scale
Mixed housing and commerce served with goodtransit
Focus of civic activities and public services
Parking ratios established
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
2040 Theme:
Economy Vitality
Maintain freightmobility on
highways
Ensure qualityfreight access toports and industrialareas from regions
highway and railnetwork
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
2040 Theme:
Environmental Health
Network of naturalareas, parks, trails andopen spaces
Protections forstreams and uplandnatural areas
Tools: Regulation,
Purchase, Incentives,Education
Reduce quantity andimprove quality ofrunoff
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
2040 Theme:
Protect Rural Areas
Maintain tight UrbanGrowth Boundary
Create GreenCorridors along ruralstate highways
Mitigate urban
overflow on ruralroutes
Maintain ruralseparation betweenMetro region and
neighbor cities
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Auto-Oriented Transit-Oriented
Neighborhoods
& Industry40-45%
Small Centers& Main Streets45-55%
Large Centers45-70%
Metros Regional Transportation Plan
Non-SOV (Single Occupant
Vehicle) Goal
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Annual Rides/Capita
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
Rides/Capita Growth
Boarding Rides/Capita Originating Rides/Capita
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Work Trip Mode Share
2009
Population
Single Occupant
Vehicle
(SOV)
Transit
Portland-
Vancouver Metro
area
2,241,000 75.8% 6.7%
City ofPortland 574,000 65.1% 13.2%
Source: US Census
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Light Rail (LRT/SLR) and
Frequent Bus
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Transit Service vs. CostMAX/Rail, Frequent Bus, Other Bus
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
MAX/Rail Frequent Bus Other Bus
Ridership
Operating Cost
29%
36% 35%
25%
37%39%
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Future High Capacity Transit
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Future Streetcar
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Transit Trends
Source: TriMet, 2007
MAX provides 34% ofweekday transit trips
MAX ridership hasincreased 19consecutive years
96.9 million boardings- 63 million bus trips- 34 million MAX trips
- 315,500 average daily boardings
23rd largest metrowith 8th largestannual transitridership per capita
1996-2006
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Annual
BoardingTransit Ridesper capita
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Daily Vehicle Miles
Travel per capitaU.S. and Portland
18
24
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
DVMT/Person
Portland Only Portland-Vancouver U.S. National
verage
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Transit Operating Funding
Payroll Tax 55% of operating revenue 1972 -78: .3 to .5% of gross payroll
1979 2004: .62% of gross payroll
2005 2015: .62 to .72% of gross payroll
Corporations, Self-employed, Municipal Government, State
Government (excludes Federal Government)
Fares 20% of operating revenues $1 to $2.35 cash fare
3-zones
Monthly, Annual, Senior, Student Discount Passes
Miscellaneous 25%: state & federal
grants; ads; local contribution; contracted
service.
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Transit Capital Funding
Federal Formula Categories: Urbanized area - $32 million/year Fixed Guideway Modernization - $11 million/year
Federal Discretionary New Starts 50-60% of project cost ($400 800 million) Small Starts (Streetcar) 25 50% of project ($75 million)
Regional Flexible Funds 5-15% of project cost ($18-100
million)
State Discretionary (varies substantially) Lottery 3 of 7 LRT routes: $114 million/12%
$250 million/17%
$ 35 million/22%
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Transit Capital Funding(continued)
Local (varies substantially higher on streetcar) Local Government General Fund
General Obligation Bonds (TriMet and County)
System Development Fees (building permit fees)
Tax Increment Financing (Urban Renewal)
Local Improvement District
Parking fees and fines
Land contribution in lieu of funding PDX Airport fees
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Revenue Observations(Continued)
Property Tax Broad-based tied to asset value not income
Very stable increases 3%+/year
Constitutional cap @ $15 per $1,000 of value
Overcrowded by local governments and schools
Good for GO Bonds - $10.9 million debt service on $125
million LRT Bonds = $.09 per $1,000 tax rate
Sales Tax Broad-based Very Productive
Regressive
Fluctuates with economy
Not available in Oregon; failed at ballot box repeatedly
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Revenue Observations(Continued)
Property benefitting taxes and fees Requires creation of benefit district
Directly relates to benefit to property
Good link to development Every contribution negotiated typically 1% of property
value paid over 20 years
Rate steps down with distance from transit
Development Fees (System Development Charges) Identified Capital Improvements to serve growth
Rate tied to share of growth responsibility typically trip
generation
Collected at time of building permit
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Revenue Observations(Continued)
Urban Renewal (Tax Increment
Financing) Requires creation of urban renewal district
Property tax assessments frozen for existing tax
collections
Growth in tax base diverted to urban renewal district
Provides cash flow to support debt for capital
improvements
Capital improvements tied to redevelopment plan
Transit capital improvements eligible
Public tends to distrust at first
Other tax collectors must support
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
State Contribution
Hit and Miss Rural dominated
Legislature
Lottery contribution uses a regressivetax
Flexing highway funds by region
consistent with regional vision
Flexing highway funds by state loosely
tied to benefit to adjacent state
highway
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Oregon Mileage Fee
Pilot Project Group 1 Control Group: Standard State Gas Tax @ 20 cents per gallon
Group 2 - VMT Group: 20 cents per gallon @ 20 mpg
VMT Fee = 1.2 cents per mile for travel within
Oregon
Group 3 - Rush Hour Group: 10 cents per mile for travel within congestion zone
during rush hour
.43 cents per mile outside congestion zone or outside
rush hour
RESULTS:
VMT Group reduced total VMT 12%; Rush Hour Group reduced 14%
Rush Hour Group reduced peak driving 22%
Good public acceptance; minimal privacy concern
Can be phased in Legislature is considering for electric vehicles
Piggybacks on gas tax collection system
Little tax evasion potential
Administration & Enforcement estimated at 3% of net revenue collected above gas
tax
Final Report: http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/HWY/RUFPP/docs/RUFPP_finalreport.pdf?ga=t
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
VMT Fee: Sample Gas ReceiptL
eathers Fuels11421 SE Powell Blvd
Portland, OR 97266
06/09/06 12:45 PM
Card: VISA
Batch# 00 Seq # 001
Account# 0007
TESTCARD/TEST
Approval 00000NTrans# 882317
Unit# 00011661166
T# 091181206
Pump# 1 Unleaded
Gallons 19.50
Price/Gal $ 2.549
ST Fuel Tax $ (4.68)
*** ODOT VMT ***
VMT Fee : 5.12
Sale Total $ 45.03
Rush Hour : 40.0 miles
In_Oregon : 280.6 miles
Non-Oregon : 0
Thank You!
Fuel cost: $49.71Minus Gas Tax: $ 4.68Plus VMT Fee: $ 5.12Charge: $45.03
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PortlandMetro:
TransitServiceandFinance
Andrew C. CotugnoMetro
www.oregonmetro.gov
Learn more about Metro at