cotton producing countries

7/29/2019 Cotton Producing Countries

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COTTON PRODUCING COUNTRIES

(in thous ands of bales)

Country Description Amount

1. China 25,500

2. United States 17,559

3. India 12,500

4. Pakistan 8,350

5. Brazil 4,400

6. Turkey 4,200

7. Greece 1,700

8. Australia 1,300

9. Syria 1,300

10. Mali 1,050

11. Egypt 1,000

12. Benin 750

13. Turkmenistan 700

14. Zimbabwe 575

15. Cote d'Ivoire 500

16. Sudan 500

17. Argentina 475

18. Cameroon 475

19. Nigeria 450

20. Spain 400

Cottonis a soft, fluffy staplefiberthat grows in aboll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cottonplants of the genusGossypium. The fiber is almost purecellulose. Under natural conditions, the cottonbolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds.
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The plant is ashrubnative to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas,Africa, and India. The greatest diversity of wild cotton species is found in Mexico, followed by Australia

and Africa.[1]Cotton was independently domesticated in the Old and New Worlds. TheEnglish namederives from the Arabic(al) qutn, which began to be used circa 1400 AD.[2]The Spanish word,"algodn", is likewise derived from the Arabic.

The fiber is most often spun intoyarnor thread and used to make a soft,breathabletextile. The use ofcotton for fabric is known to date to prehistoric times; fragments of cotton fabric dated from 5000 BC have

been excavated in Mexico and the Indus Valley Civilization (modern day Pakistan and some parts of

India). Although cultivated since antiquity, it was the invention of thecotton ginthat so lowered the cost ofproduction that led to its widespread use, and it is the most widely usednatural fibercloth in clothingtoday.

here are four commercially grown species of cotton, all domesticated in antiquity:

types of cotton

Gossypium hirsutumupland cotton, native to

Central America, Mexico, the Caribbean and southern

Florida, (90% of world production)

Gossypium barbadense known as extra-long staple cotton, native to tropical South America (8% ofworld production)

Gossypium arboreum tree cotton, native to India and Pakistan (less than 2%) Gossypium herbaceum Levant cotton, native to southern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula (less

than 2%)

The two New World cotton species account for the vast majority of modern cotton production, but the two

Old World species were widely used before the 1900s. While cotton fibers occur naturally in colors of

white, brown, pink and green, fears of contaminating the genetics of white cotton have led many cotton-growing locations to ban the growing of colored cotton varieties, which remain a specialty product.

Cultivation[edit source|editbeta]

CottonplowinginTogo, 1928
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Picking cotton inArmeniain the 1930s. No cotton is grown there today.

Cotton ready for shipment, Houston, Texas (postcard, circa 1911)

Harvested cotton inTennessee(2006)

Cotton modules in Australia (2007)
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Successful cultivation of cotton requires a longfrost-free period, plenty of sunshine, and a moderaterainfall, usually from 600 to 1200mm (24 to 48inches).Soilsusually need to be fairly heavy, although thelevel ofnutrientsdoes not need to be exceptional. In general, these conditions are met within theseasonally dry tropics and subtropics in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, but a large proportion of

the cotton grown today is cultivated in areas with less rainfall that obtain the water from irrigation.

Production of the crop for a given year usually starts soon after harvesting the preceding autumn.Planting time in spring in the Northern hemisphere varies from the beginning of February to the beginning

of June. The area of the United States known as the South Plainsis the largest contiguous cotton-growingregion in the world. While dryland (non-irrigated) cotton is successfully grown in this region, consistent

yields are only produced with heavy reliance on irrigationwater drawn from theOgallala Aquifer. Sincecotton is somewhat salt and drought tolerant, this makes it an attractive crop for arid and semiarid

regions. Aswater resourcesget tighter around the world, economies that rely on it face difficulties andconflict, as well as potential environmental problems.[15][16][17][18][19]For example, improper cropping andirrigation practices have led todesertificationin areas ofUzbekistan, where cotton is a major export. In thedays of theSoviet Union, theAral Seawas tapped for agricultural irrigation, largely of cotton, andnowsalinationis widespreaOrganic production[edit source|editbeta]Organic cottonis generally understood as cotton, from plants notgenetically modified, that is certified tobe grown without the use of any synthetic agricultural chemicals, such as fertilizersorpesticides.[31]Itsproduction also promotes and enhances biodiversity and biological cycles.[32]United States cottonplantations are required to enforce the National Organic Program (NOP). This institution determines the

allowed practices for pest control, growing, fertilizing, and handling of organic crops.[33][34]As of 2007,265,517 bales of organic cotton were produced in 24 countries, and worldwide production was growing at

a rate of more than 50% per year

Pests and weeds[edit source|edit

beta

]Main article:List of cotton diseases

Hoeing a cotton field to remove weeds,Greene County, Georgia, USA, 1941
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ki/Desertificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton#cite_note-GT-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_resourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogallala_Aquiferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Plainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frost


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Female and nymphCotton Harlequin BugThe cotton industry relies heavily on chemicals, such as herbicides,fertilizersandinsecticides, although avery small number of farmers are moving toward anorganicmodel of production, and organic cottonproducts are now available for purchase at limited locations. These are popular for baby clothes

anddiapers. Under most definitions, organic products do not usegenetic engineering. All natural cottonproducts are known to be both sustainable and hypoallergenic.Historically, in North America, one of the most economically destructive pests in cotton production has

been theboll weevil. Due to theUS Department of Agriculture's highly successfulBoll Weevil EradicationProgram(BWEP), this pest has been eliminated from cotton in most of the United States. This program,

along with the introduction of genetically engineeredBtcotton (which contains abacterialgene that codesfor a plant-producedproteinthat is toxic to a number of pests such as cotton bollwormandpink bollworm),has allowed a reduction in the use of synthetic insecticides.

International trade

Worldwide cotton production
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_Harlequin_Bughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_Harlequin_Bughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_Harlequin_Bughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecticideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecticideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecticideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_farminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_farminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_farminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_weevilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_weevilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_weevilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Department_of_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Department_of_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Department_of_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_bollworm_(American)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_bollworm_(American)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_bollworm_(American)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_bollwormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_bollwormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_bollwormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CottonYield.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cotton_Harlequin_Bugs.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_bollwormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_bollworm_(American)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_Weevil_Eradication_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Department_of_Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boll_weevilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_farminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecticideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_Harlequin_Bug


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Cottonseedoutput in 2005The largest producers of cotton, currently (2009), are China and India, with annual production of about 34

million bales and 27 million bales, respectively; most of this production is consumed by their respective

textile industries. The largest exporters of raw cotton are the United States, with sales of $4.9 billion, and

Africa, with sales of $2.1 billion. The total international trade is estimated to be $12 billion. Africa's share

of the cotton trade has doubled since 1980. Neither area has a significant domestic textile industry, textile

manufacturing having moved to developing nations in Eastern and South Asia such as India and China.

In Africa, cotton is grown by numerous small holders. Dunavant Enterprises, based inMemphis,Tennessee, is the leading cotton broker in Africa, with hundreds of purchasing agents. It operatescotton

ginsin Uganda, Mozambique, and Zambia. In Zambia, it often offers loans for seed and expenses to the180,000 small farmers who grow cotton for it, as well as advice on farming methods.Cargillalsopurchases cotton in Africa

British standard yarn measures

1 thread = 55inches (about 137cm) 1 skein or rap = 80 threads (120 yards or about 109 m)

1 hank = 7 skeins (840 yards or about 768 m)

1 spindle = 18 hanks (15,120 yards or about 13.826 kmProperty Evaluation

Shape

Fairly uniform in width, 1220 micrometers; length varies from 1cmto 6cm ( to 2 inches); typical length is 2.2cm to 3.3cm ( to1 inches).

Luster high
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonseedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonseedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_ginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_ginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_ginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2005cottonseed.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2005cottonseed.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2005cottonseed.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2005cottonseed.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_ginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_ginhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonseed


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Tenacity (strength)

Dry

Wet

3.05.0 g/d

3.36.0 g/d

Resiliency low

Density 1.541.56 g/cm

Moisture absorption

raw: conditioned

saturation

mercerized: conditioned

saturation

8.5%

1525%

8.510.3%

1527%+

Dimensional stability good

Resistance to

acids

alkali

organic solvents

sunlightmicroorganisms

insects

damage, weaken fibers

resistant; no harmful effects

high resistance to most

Prolonged exposure weakens fibers.Mildew and rot-producing bacteria damage fibers.

Silverfish damage fibers.

Thermal reactions

to heat

to flame

Decomposes after prolonged exposure to temperatures of 150 C or

over.

Burns readily.


8/19

Cotton fibers viewed under ascanning electron microscopeThe chemical composition of cotton is as follows:

cellulose91.00% water7.85% protoplasm,pectins0.55% waxes, fatty substances 0.40%

increase or decrease in cotton prices last 5 years

Month Price Change

Aug2008

195.50 -

Sep2008

176.21 -9.87 %

Oct2008 139.16 -21.03%

Nov2008

114.93-17.41

%

Dec2008

98.34-14.43

%

Jan2009

102.51 4.24 %
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoplasmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoplasmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:C21a.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:C21a.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:C21a.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:C21a.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoplasmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscope


9/19

Feb2009

98.24 -4.17 %

Mar2009

100.14 1.93 %

Apr

2009

104.14 3.99 %

May2009

114.85 10.28 %

Jun2009

128.13 11.56 %

Jul2009

123.39 -3.70 %

Aug2009

132.76 7.59 %

Sep2009

127.50 -3.96 %

Oct2009

134.77 5.70 %

Nov2009

140.88 4.53 %

Dec2009

140.89 0.01 %

Jan2010

146.09 3.69 %

Feb2010

142.38 -2.54 %

Mar

2010 148.85 4.54 %

Apr2010

157.93 6.10 %

May2010

146.44 -7.28 %

Jun2010

143.32 -2.13 %

Jul2010

143.90 0.40 %

Aug2010

148.31 3.06 %

Sep2010

150.14 1.23 %

Oct2010

159.33 6.12 %

Nov2010

164.65 3.34 %

Dec 174.63 6.06 %


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2010

Jan2011

181.87 4.15 %

Feb2011

189.78 4.35 %

Mar2011

199.36 5.05 %

Apr2011

209.82 5.25 %

May2011

199.27 -5.03 %

Jun2011

195.76 -1.76 %

Jul2011

198.72 1.51 %

Aug

2011 190.30 -4.24 %

Sep2011

188.57 -0.91 %

Oct2011

182.74 -3.09 %

Nov2011

186.25 1.92 %

Dec2011

183.92 -1.25 %

Jan2012

188.29 2.38 %

Feb2012

195.77 3.97 %

Mar2012

201.67 3.01 %

Apr2012

197.54 -2.05 %

May2012

185.08 -6.31 %

Jun2012

169.95 -8.17 %

Jul2012 177.91 4.68 %

Aug2012

185.48 4.25 %

Sep2012

186.91 0.77 %

Oct2012

183.14 -2.02 %


11/19

rNo.

HSCode

ProductsValueUSD M

GrowthCompare toPrev. Month

Top 5 Indian PortsTop 5 DestinationCountries

1 5205

Cotton Yarn (Other ThanSewing Thread), Containing85% or More By Weight ofCotton, Not Put Up for R

86.6 -76.68%JNPT, Ludhiana ICD,Madras Sea, Delhi TKDICD, Hyderabad ICD

Bangladesh, China, TurkeyKorea,Republic of, KoreaRepublic of

2 5208

Woven Fabrics of Cotton,

Containing 85% or More ByWight of Cotton, Weigning NotMore Than 200 G/M2

55.89 -31.14%

JNPT, Mulund CFS,

Madras Sea, CalcuttaAir, Bombay Air

Sri Lanka, Senegal

Mauritania, United arabEmirates, Gambia

3 5201Cotton, Not Carded orCombed

50.81 -84.27%JNPT, Kandla, CalcuttaSea, Madras Air,Tuticorin Sea

China, Pakistan, HongKong, BangladeshVietnam, Democratic Repof

4 5209

Woven Fabrics of Cotton,Containing 85% or More ByWeight of Cotton, WeighingMore Than 200 G/M2

18.01 -2.82%JNPT, Ahmedabad ICD,Hyderabad ICD, MadrasSea, Delhi TKD ICD

Sri Lanka, United StatesVenezuela, Turkey, Egypt

5 5212Other Woven Fabrics ofCotton

5.4 -12.25%JNPT, Madras Sea,Calcutta Air, Bombay

Air, Delhi Air

United arab EmiratesSaudi arabia, Bangladesh

Sri Lanka, Sudan

6 5211

Woven Fabrics of Cotton,Containing Less Than 85% ByWeight of Cotton, Mixed Mainlyor Solely With M

2.53 13.36%JNPT, Ahmedabad ICD,Loni ICD, HyderabadICD, Bombay Air

Mexico, NicaraguaLesotho, MadagascarVenezuela

Nov2012

180.57 -1.40 %

Dec2012

182.40 1.01 %

Jan

2013

187.40 2.74 %

Feb2013

190.47 1.64 %

Mar2013

183.76 -3.52 %

Apr2013

178.96 -2.61 %

May2013

179.30 0.19 %

Jun2013

178.86 -0.25 %

Jul2013

183.52 2.61 %


12/19

Search Search

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Natural Resources Religon

TourismApril 21, 2013 at 9:08 am

Top Ten Cotton Producing Countries in

theWorld

Posted by
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13/19

Cotton is a very soft fiber which is grown in a boll. one of the most essential crop for cloth industry, It was

first grown in old world 7000 years ago.Its cultivation became most Prevalent during the Indus valleycivilization. for its successful cultivation following things are required :

A reasonable frost-free time period

Plenty of Sun shine Moderate Rain Fall etc.

Most of it is harvested in USA, Europe and Australia mechanically, But in developing nations, still it ispiked by hand.

List of Top 10 Cotton Producing Countr ies in the World

Rank CountryProduction

(Million Bales)

1. Peoples Republic of China 33.0

2. India 27.0

United States 18.0

4. Pakistan 10.3

5. Brazil 9.3

6. Uzbekistan 4.6

7. Australia 4.2
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8. Turkey 2.8

9. Turkmenistan 1.6

10. Greece 1.4

General

Indian cotton production: Current scenario

Cultivation of hybrids, Bt cotton varieties, latest production technology and plant protection technologies, adoption

scientific and agronomic practices by farmers, increase in area under irrigation, Government policies on R&D a

price support, are all responsible for the present drastic changes of Indian cotton scenario to its present positi

asserts Supriya P
http://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Greece.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkmenistan.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkey1.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Greece.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkmenistan.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkey1.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Greece.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkmenistan.pnghttp://www.whichcountry.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turkey1.png


15/19

Cotton is a natural fibre of vegetable origin, like linen, jute or hemp and composed

cellulose. Cotton is the fruit of cotton plant. The cotton is a variety of plants of t

genus Gossypium, belonging to the Malvacae fam

Out of about 50 species of cotton plants in the world, only four have been domestica

cultivated for cotton fibres. Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense are tmost commonly cultivated species of cotton in the world. Gossypium hirsutum varie

is the most important agricultural cotton, accounting for more than 90% of world fib

production.

The first cotton fabric dates back to approximately as early as 3,200 BC, as per evidence from the excavati

and by fragments of cloth found at the Mohenjo-Daro archaeological site on the banks of the River Indus. T

cultivation and manufacturing of cotton fabric had been practised in India since pre-historic times. From Ind

cotton textiles probably travelled to Mesopotamia. The trade in cotton is assumed to have been started arou

Rome at the time of Alexander the Great, in the 4th century BC

Cotton textile manufacturing resumed in India under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gand

portrayed while spinning cotton with a wheel is still an outstanding symbol in the collective unconsciou

World cotton scena

Cotton is an important natural fibre of the 20th century. Major growth of cotton production was observed sin

the end of the Second World War (WWII). Cotton was grown in 90 countries during the year 2007. Dur

2006/07, four major cotton producing countries were China, India, the USA and Pakistan, which accounted f

approximately three-quarters of world's cotton productio

World cotton area and yie

The area under cotton production in the world are estimated at around 30-31 million hectares (Table 1). T

major cultivators of cotton in the world are America, India, China, Egypt, Pakistan, and Eastern Europe. Ind

has the largest area under cotton production. China is the largest producer of cotton in the world, whereas Inis the second largest.

Interestingly, China

with almost half the

area under cotton

production compared

to India, but

produces more than

2 times yield (kg

per hectare) of

cotton as compared

to India.

World cotton

consumption

World cotton

consumption has

increased with 2%

average annual

growth rate since 1940s. Developing countries consumed a major proportion of global cotton output since t


16/19

end of WWII. The share in global consumption of developing countries has become even more significant sin

2000s.

As per ICAC figures, the global cotton consumption of developing countries was approximately 78% of glob

cotton consumption between 1981and 1999. Their ratio has been above 80% since 2000. In 2010 they a

expected to absorb almost 94% of global cotton outpu

World cotton production, export and import scena

The current world production is estimated (2009 - 10 Dec) at 102.7 million bales (Table 2). This is the lowe

since 2003/04 and it represents a 14.3% decrease relative to 2007/08 and a 4.4% decrease relative to 2008/

Global cotton consumption increased by 988,000 bales (from 113.5 million bales to 114.5 million). The cott

consumption increased for China (+500,000), India (+250,000), Vietnam (+150,000), and Uzbekist

(+100,000).

As per latest report of USDA, the production of cotton decreased by 24,000 bales (2009 - 10 Dec as compared

2009 - 10 Nov). Country-wise report includes India (-450,000 bales) and Peru (-150,000); Pakistan (+400,0

bales) and the United States (+96,000). Due to the reduction in cotton production in the world and increase

world cotton consumption have resulted in expectations of a 11.8 million bale production/consumption gap

2009/10, which represents 11.5% of production, 10.3% of consumption, and 22.7% of ending stock

The world production/consumption gap may impact on prices and at the country level this may impact on tra

patterns. Chinas 2009/10 production is 14.2% lower than in 2008/09 whereas the Chinese consumption

anticipated to increase 3.9%. Hence, it is expected that China will import almost 2 million more bales in 2009/

(9.0 million) than in 2008/0

Since 2004/05, the United States is the worlds largest cotton exporter. However, India has been rapidly gain

export market share. Today India, with ample stocks and higher production, is expected to continue to expa

its share of the global export market. China having only half the area of cotton production as compared to Ind

produces one and-a-half times more cotton, has one-and-a-half times the world market share and three timthe yie


17/19


18/19


19/19

cotton producing countries

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