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CorrigendumCorrigendum to (Characterization of GeotomographicStudies with the EMRE System)

Arto Korpisalo

Geological Survey of Finland PO Box 96 02151 Espoo Finland

Correspondence should be addressed to Arto Korpisalo artokorpisalogtkfi

Received 3 May 2017 Accepted 24 May 2017 Published 30 July 2017

Copyright copy 2017 Arto Korpisalo This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

In the article titled ldquoCharacterization of GeotomographicStudies with the EMRE Systemrdquo [1] there were errors in theldquoTheoryrdquo section

Paragraph three should be corrected as followsldquoThe field depends on the distance 119903 from the source

Certain characteristics of an electromagnetic field domi-nate at one particular distance from the antenna whilea completely different behaviour can dominate at anotherlocation The wave number 119896 multiplied by the distance 119903defines the behavior [10 11 13] When |119896 sdot 119903| ≪ 1 or ata distance much shorter than the wavelength the electricfield resembles the static dipole field being proportional to119903minus3 (static term) and anything in this region that coupleswith the antenna will disturb the antenna severely (reactivenear field) The EMRE system operates in the near-fielddomain due to the wavelengths of hundreds of meters whenthe low frequency of 3125 kHz and short distances (119903 ≪300m) are used with resistivities sim10000Ωm When |119896 sdot 119903|= 1 the field is proportional to 119903minus2 (induction term) andthe static term (sim119903minus3) becomes negligible The region isknown as a radiating near-field or Fresnel zone With thefrequency of 2500 kHz and with resistivities 10000ndash1000Ωmthe EMRE system operates in the Fresnel zone at distancesof sim40ndash80m When |119896 sdot 119903| ≫ 1 or at a distance muchgreater than the wavelength the electric field is inverselydependent on the distance 119903minus1 (radiation term) The angularfield distribution is independent of the distance from theantenna (far-field or Fraunhofer zone)When the frequencies119891 gt 1250 kHz and distances 119903 ≫ 200m are used withresistivities lt10000Ωm the EMRE system operates in thefar field The inhomogeneous generalized time-domain wave

equations for the time harmonic electric field119864 andmagneticfield119867 (119890119894120596119905 dependence) can be written as [16ndash18]rdquo

Equation (4) should be corrected as follows

119876 = 1205961205761015840 + 120590101584010158401205901015840 minus 12059612057610158401015840 =

120596 (1205761015840 + 12059010158401015840120596)1205901015840 minus 12059612057610158401015840 = tanΘ

minus1 asymp 1205961205761015840

1205901015840 (4)

Equation (9) for V119901 should be corrected as follows

V119901 = 120596120573 =120596

120596radic1205831205762 (radic1 + (120590120596120598)2 + 1)12

= 1radic1205831205762 (radic1 + tan2120601 + 1)

12

(9)

ldquoFigures 2(a) and 2(b) present the cut-off frequencies(119891 = 12059010158402120587120596) for differentmaterials (120588= 100 1000 10000Ωmand 120576119903 = 10 20)rdquo should be corrected to ldquoFigures 2(a) and 2(b)present the cut-off frequencies (119891 = 120590101584021205871205761015840) for differentmaterials (120588 = 100 1000 and 10000Ωm and 120576119903 = 10 20)rdquo

ldquoIncreasing the relative permittivity of the medium thecut-off frequencies decrease (120576119903 = 20) and the quasi-staticconditions are valid almost up to sim60 kHzrdquo should be cor-rected to ldquoIncreasing the relative permittivity of the mediumthe cut-off frequencies decrease (120576119903 = 20) and the quasi-staticconditions are valid almost up to sim600 kHzrdquo

Figure 2(b) is corrected hereinafterIn addition in the ldquoRim Instrumentrdquo section the legend

of Figure 4 is corrected hereinafter

HindawiInternational Journal of GeophysicsVolume 2017 Article ID 3029357 3 pageshttpsdoiorg10115520173029357

2 International Journal of Geophysics

Frequency (Hz)

m

101

100

10minus1

10minus2

10minus3

103 104 105 106 107 108

Atte

nuat

ion

() a

nd p

hase

cons

tant

s (

)

10minus4

= 100 ΩＧ

= 1000 ΩＧ

= 10000 ΩＧ = or = 10 middot 885 middot 10(minus12)

= or = 1 middot 4 middot 10(minus7)

(a)

m

101

100

10minus1

10minus2

10minus3

Atte

nuat

ion

() a

nd p

hase

cons

tant

s (

)

10minus4

= 100 ΩＧ

= 1000 ΩＧ

= 10000 ΩＧ

Frequency (Hz)103 104 105 106 107 108

= ro = 20 middot 885 middot 10minus12


(b)

Figure 2 (a) The attenuation (120572) and phase (120573) constants in a dissipative medium with 120576119903 = 10 and 120588 = 100 1000 and 10000Ωm (b) Thephase and attenuation constants in a dissipative mediumwith 120576119903 = 20 120572 is the attenuation (red lines) as Nepersm and 120573 is the phase constant(blue lines) as radm The m-curve is valid when the attenuation constant equals the phase constant or 120572 asymp 120573 (black curves)

1 10 100Frequency (MHz)





300

200

100

0

Perm

ittiv

ity

Relative permittivity

316

100

32

10

Attenuation

(dB

m)

Wavelength

(m)

543210

Velocity0316

0100

0032

0010

Loss tangent

Loss

tang

ent

150

100

50

0

800

600

400

200

01 10 100

Con

duct

ivity

(mS

m)

Frequency (MHz)

Conductivity

Frac

tion

of c

(a)






15

10

5

0Pe

rmitt

ivity


Attenuation

(dB

m)

Wavelength

(m)

150

100

50

0

Velocity06

04

02

00

Loss tangent

Loss

tang

ent

015

010

005

000

1000

100

010

0011 10 100

Con

duct

ivity

(mS

m)

Frequency (MHz)

Conductivity

Frac

tion

of c

3162

0750

0178

0042

0010

(b)

Figure 4 The electrical properties of a sulphide sample (a) and a granite sample (b) from Vogt [7]

International Journal of Geophysics 3

References

[1] A Korpisalo ldquoCharacterization of geotomographic studies withthe EMRE systemrdquo International Journal of Geophysics vol2014 Article ID 401654 18 pages 2014

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2 International Journal of Geophysics

Frequency (Hz)

m

101

100

10minus1

10minus2

10minus3

103 104 105 106 107 108

Atte

nuat

ion

() a

nd p

hase

cons

tant

s (

)

10minus4

= 100 ΩＧ

= 1000 ΩＧ

= 10000 ΩＧ = or = 10 middot 885 middot 10(minus12)

= or = 1 middot 4 middot 10(minus7)

(a)

m

101

100

10minus1

10minus2

10minus3

Atte

nuat

ion

() a

nd p

hase

cons

tant

s (

)

10minus4

= 100 ΩＧ

= 1000 ΩＧ

= 10000 ΩＧ

Frequency (Hz)103 104 105 106 107 108



(b)

Figure 2 (a) The attenuation (120572) and phase (120573) constants in a dissipative medium with 120576119903 = 10 and 120588 = 100 1000 and 10000Ωm (b) Thephase and attenuation constants in a dissipative mediumwith 120576119903 = 20 120572 is the attenuation (red lines) as Nepersm and 120573 is the phase constant(blue lines) as radm The m-curve is valid when the attenuation constant equals the phase constant or 120572 asymp 120573 (black curves)






300

200

100

0

Perm

ittiv

ity


316

100

32

10

Attenuation

(dB

m)

Wavelength

(m)

543210

Velocity0316

0100

0032

0010

Loss tangent

Loss

tang

ent

150

100

50

0

800

600

400

200

01 10 100

Con

duct

ivity

(mS

m)

Frequency (MHz)

Conductivity

Frac

tion

of c

(a)






15

10

5

0Pe

rmitt

ivity


Attenuation

(dB

m)

Wavelength

(m)

150

100

50

0

Velocity06

04

02

00

Loss tangent

Loss

tang

ent

015

010

005

000

1000

100

010

0011 10 100

Con

duct

ivity

(mS

m)

Frequency (MHz)

Conductivity

Frac

tion

of c

3162

0750

0178

0042

0010

(b)

Figure 4 The electrical properties of a sulphide sample (a) and a granite sample (b) from Vogt [7]


References









Mining


Journal of









Journal of




Advances in











Geology Advances in


References









Mining


Journal of









Journal of




Advances in











Geology Advances in








Mining


Journal of









Journal of




Advances in











Geology Advances in

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