Copyright101

• WhatisaCopyright?• HowdoIprotectmyselffromCopyrightInfringementclaims?

• WhatisFairUse?• IstherevalueinCopyright?• OU’sCopyrightPolicy

WhatisaCopyright?

• ACopyrightprotectsaliterary,musical,dramatic,choreographic,pictoral orgraphic,audiovisual,orarchitecturalwork,orasoundrecording,frombeingreproducedwithoutthepermissionofthecopyrightowner.

• Whatmaybecopyrighted?Inordertobecopyrightable,aworkmustbe1.fixedinatangiblemediumofexpression;and2.original.

• Examplesofwhatcan’tbe:– Titles,names,shortphrasesandslogans;familiarsymbolsordesigns

WhocangetaCopyright?

• Copyrightprotectionsubsistsfromthetimetheworkiscreatedinfixedform.Thecopyrightintheworkofauthorshipimmediatelybecomesthepropertyoftheauthorwhocreatedthework.

• Inthecaseofworksmadeforhire,theemployerandnottheemployeeisconsideredtobetheauthor

HowdoyougetaCopyright?

• NopublicationorregistrationorotheractionintheCopyrightOfficeisrequiredtosecurecopyright.Copyrightissecuredautomaticallywhentheworkiscreated,andaworkis“created”whenitisfixedforthefirsttime.

• CanuseCopyrightNoticewithoutregistering:– Thesymbol©,ortheword“Copyright”alongwithyearandauthor

FederalRegistration• Registrationestablishesapublicrecord

• Beforeaninfringementsuitmaybefiledincourt,registrationisnecessaryforworksofU.S.origin.

• Ifmadebeforeorwithinfiveyearsofpublication,registrationwillestablishprimafacieevidenceincourtofthevalidityofthecopyright

• Ifregistrationismadewithinthreemonthsafterpublicationoftheworkorpriortoaninfringementofthework,statutorydamagesandattorney’sfeeswillbeavailabletothecopyrightownerincourtactions.Otherwise,onlyanawardofactualdamagesandprofitsisavailabletothecopyrightowner.

• RegistrationallowstheownerofthecopyrighttorecordtheregistrationwiththeU.S.CustomsServiceforprotectionagainsttheimportationofinfringingcopies.

WhatProtectiondoesCopyrightoffer

• Therighttomakecopiesofthework• Therighttosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofthework.

• Therighttopreparenewworksbasedontheprotectedwork.

• Therighttoperformtheprotectedworkinpublic• LifeofaCopyright:– Before1923:PublicDomain– After1923butbefore1978:protectedfor95yearsfromthedateofpublication

– After1978:GeneralRulelifeofauthorplus70years

HowdoIprotectmyselffromanInfringementClaim?

• Rememberthis:

ItisBettertoaskforpermissionthantoaskfor

Forgiveness!

Do’sandDon’t’sofCopyrightUse

• 1.Doseekpermission• 2.Dogetthepermissioninwriting• 3.Dogivecreditwherecreditisdue• 4.Dolookforfreestockphotowebsitesforimages.–ManyofthesephotographsarefreefromcopyrightrestrictionsorlicensedunderaCCpublicdomainlicense. Notesomewillstillrequireattribution.

Do’sandDon’t’sofCopyrightUse

• DoNOTuseanypictureyoufindinGoogleSearchandpostitonawebsite

• DoNOTcopysomeone’sworkandpretenditisyourown

• DoNOTpost/sell/orotherwisemakeavailabletothepublicsomeoneelse’sworkofartorauthorshipwithoutgettingpermission

• DoNOTuseYouTubeorothervideospubliclywithoutfirstgettingpermissionand/orfollowingYouTube’spolicies.

WhataboutFairUse?

• Thepurposeandcharacteroftheuse– Isiteducationalorisitforprofit?

• Thenatureofthecopyrightedwork• Theamountandsubstantialityoftheportionused

• Theeffectofuseonthepotentialmarketforthecopyrightedwork

FairUse

FairUse

FairUse

IsthereValueinCopyright?

• YES!– CopyrightsarelicensablejustlikeanyotherIP.– CostofprotectionisrelativelylowcomparedtootherformsofIP

OUCopyrightPolicy3.29.4NormanFacultyHandbook/AppendixD13.1CHSCHandbook

• “ThebasicobjectivesoftheUniversity’spolicyconcerningcopyrightincludethefollowing:

• (1)TomaintaintheUniversity’sacademicpolicyofencouragingresearchandscholarshipassuchwithoutregardtopotentialgainfromroyaltiesorotherincome.

• (2)TomakecopyrightablematerialscreatedpursuanttoUniversityobjectivesavailableinthepublicinterestunderconditionsthatwillpromotetheireffectiveutilization

• (3)Toprovideadequateincentiveandrecognitiontofacultyandstaffthroughproceedsderivedfromtheirworks.

• (4)Tostimulatecreativityacrossallmedia.”

OUCopyrightPolicy

• POLICY• ItisthepolicyoftheBoardofRegentsoftheUniversityofOklahomathatallrightsincopyrightshallremainwiththecreatoroftheworkunlesstheworkiscreatedwithsubstantialuseofUniversityresources,isspecificallyassignedorcommissionedbytheUniversity,issubjecttonon-Universitycontractualorlegalobligations,orisa“workmadeforhire”asthattermisdefinedbyU.S.CopyrightLaw

OUCopyrightPolicy- Ownership• (1)Scholarly/AestheticWorks-Ownedbythecreator

– ownershipofcopyrightstoworksofartistryorscholarship– Copyrightedcoursewareand/orsoftwarethatarenotassociated

withtraditionalworksasdescribedinthePolicyunder(C)(1)shallfallunderandaresubjecttothePatentPolicy.

• (2)PersonalWorks- Ownedbythecreator• (3)SponsoredWorks- determinedbytheagreement• (4)CommissionedWorks -University• (5) UniversityWorks-University

– ExceptasotherwiseprovidedinthisPolicy,theUniversityshallownallcopyrightstoworksmadebyUniversityemployeesinthecourseandscopeoftheiremploymentandshallownallcopyrightstoworksmadewiththesubstantialuseofUniversityresources

• (6)StudentWorks- OwnedbytheStudent