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Chapter 1Chapter 1

Introduction to Emergency Introduction to Emergency Medical CareMedical Care


The Emergency Medical Services The Emergency Medical Services SystemSystem


The National Highway Traffic The National Highway Traffic Safety AdministrationSafety Administration


Access to the EMS SystemAccess to the EMS System

EMS providers EMS providers should teach the should teach the public how to public how to access the EMS access the EMS systemsystem


Levels of EducationLevels of Education

NHTSA has developed standardized curricula NHTSA has developed standardized curricula recognizing four levels of EMS providerrecognizing four levels of EMS provider First ResponderFirst Responder EMT-BasicEMT-Basic EMT-IntermediateEMT-Intermediate EMT-ParamedicEMT-Paramedic

Not every level is recognized in every stateNot every level is recognized in every state


First ResponderFirst Responder

Designed for:Designed for: Law enforcement Law enforcement FirefightersFirefighters Persons likely to encounter an ill or injured person Persons likely to encounter an ill or injured person

Not trained for ambulance serviceNot trained for ambulance service Provide initial stabilization until additional Provide initial stabilization until additional

EMS resources arriveEMS resources arrive


EMT-BasicEMT-Basic

Prepares personnel to provide primary Prepares personnel to provide primary medical care before the patient reaches the medical care before the patient reaches the hospitalhospital

Most states require the EMT-Basic as the Most states require the EMT-Basic as the minimum accepted education level for minimum accepted education level for ambulance staffambulance staff


EMT-IntermediateEMT-Intermediate

The EMT-Intermediate level is an advanced The EMT-Intermediate level is an advanced EMT level EMT level

Includes Includes All skills of an EMT-BasicAll skills of an EMT-Basic Advanced skills Advanced skills

• Manual defibrillation Manual defibrillation

• Administration of intravenous fluids and some Administration of intravenous fluids and some medicationsmedications


ParamedicParamedic

Currently the highest skill levelCurrently the highest skill level IncludesIncludes

All of the skills of an EMT-Basic All of the skills of an EMT-Basic All of the skills of an EMT-IntermediateAll of the skills of an EMT-Intermediate Advanced techniques Advanced techniques

• Tracheal intubation Tracheal intubation

• Administration of additional medications Administration of additional medications

• Additional knowledge of the human bodyAdditional knowledge of the human body


The Health Care SystemThe Health Care System

EMS is an essential part of the healthcare EMS is an essential part of the healthcare system in the United Statessystem in the United States



Hospitals and specialty facilitiesHospitals and specialty facilities

Trauma centersTrauma centers

Burn centersBurn centers

Poison centersPoison centers

Children’s hospitalsChildren’s hospitals



Health care professionalsHealth care professionals PhysiciansPhysicians NursesNurses Allied health providersAllied health providers EMS providersEMS providers Support personnelSupport personnel


Liaison with Liaison with Other Public Safety PersonnelOther Public Safety Personnel


Roles and ResponsibilitiesRoles and Responsibilities Personal safetyPersonal safety

Safety of the crew, Safety of the crew, patient, and bystanderspatient, and bystanders

Patient assessmentPatient assessment

Patient care based on Patient care based on assessmentassessment


Roles and ResponsibilitiesRoles and Responsibilities Lifting and moving Lifting and moving

patients safelypatients safely

Transport and transfer Transport and transfer of careof care

Record-keeping and Record-keeping and data collectiondata collection

Patient advocacy Patient advocacy (patient rights)(patient rights)


Professional AttributesProfessional Attributes AppearanceAppearance

AttitudeAttitude

Knowledge and skillsKnowledge and skills

Makes patient’s needs a priorityMakes patient’s needs a priority

Knowledge of issuesKnowledge of issues

Continuing educationContinuing education


EMTs have an EMTs have an obligation to be obligation to be

knowledgeableknowledgeable and and provide provide technically technically

proficientproficient care care


Continuing EducationContinuing Education


Quality ImprovementQuality Improvement

Quality improvement (QI) Quality improvement (QI) A system for continually evaluating and improving A system for continually evaluating and improving

the care provided within an EMS system the care provided within an EMS system • Quality assuranceQuality assurance

• Quality managementQuality management


Quality ImprovementQuality Improvement

Provides the EMT with:Provides the EMT with: ResourcesResources MotivationMotivation Education Education

Purpose:Purpose: Detect problemsDetect problems Create solutionsCreate solutions Maintain quality careMaintain quality care


Medical DirectionMedical Direction

Medical directionMedical direction Sometimes called medical control Sometimes called medical control The process by which physicians monitor the care The process by which physicians monitor the care

given by EMT-Basics to ill or injured patients given by EMT-Basics to ill or injured patients



OnlineOnline Direct medical directionDirect medical direction

• Also referred to as online Also referred to as online medicalmedical controlcontrol

• Direct communication Direct communication between the physician between the physician and the provider in the and the provider in the fieldfield



OfflineOffline Indirect medical Indirect medical

direction, or direction, or off-line off-line medical medical controlcontrol

Consists of other Consists of other ways physicians ways physicians influence careinfluence care• EMS system designEMS system design• Developing protocols Developing protocols

and standing ordersand standing orders• Providing initial and Providing initial and

continuing educationcontinuing education• Participating in quality Participating in quality

improvementimprovement


SummarySummary

The Emergency Medical Services SystemThe Emergency Medical Services System National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Technical Assistance ProgramTechnical Assistance Program Access to the Emergency Medical Services SystemAccess to the Emergency Medical Services System Levels of EducationLevels of Education The Health Care SystemThe Health Care System Liaison with Other Public Safety WorkersLiaison with Other Public Safety Workers


Summary Summary

The Emergency Medical Technician-BasicThe Emergency Medical Technician-Basic Roles and ResponsibilitiesRoles and Responsibilities Professional AttributesProfessional Attributes

Quality CareQuality Care Quality ImprovementQuality Improvement Medical DirectionMedical Direction

copyright © 2005 mosby, inc. all rights reserved. slide 1 chapter 1 introduction to emergency...

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