coping with kidding caprine outing september 18, 2010 mary c. smith dvm
TRANSCRIPT
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Coping with Kidding
Caprine OutingSeptember 18,
2010
Mary C. Smith DVM
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Topics to be covered
BreedingPregnancy diagnosisSome problems during pregnancyVaccination and nutrition programsNormal parturitionDystociaCare of the kid, including colostrumReviving weak kidsFloppy kid diseaseRecord keeping
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Pregnancy diagnosis
• gestation ~150 d goat• progesterone a nonpregnancy test• real time ultrasound best• sector scanner ideal (count
fetuses)• transabdominal, esp right side, esp
45-90 days
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False pregnancy of goats
• common in pets, out of season breedings, does intentionally not bred
• serum progesterone elevated• fluid but no caruncles or fetus• undulating walls, snow scene if
ballotte abdomen
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False pregnancy of goats
• “cloud burst” if self corrects• sometimes bloody discharge as if
aborted• 5-10 mg dinoprost (Lutalyse®) or
125-250 mcg cloprostenol (Estrumate®)
• repeat in 12 days
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Tetanus and Enterotoxemia• the simplest
vaccination program
• two or three doses, then boosters at least once a year
• booster before kidding
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Abortion diagnosis and prevention
• suspect infectious cause if >2% abort• diagnostic lab support required – fetus,
placenta, paired serum samples• toxoplasmosis, chlamydiosis, Q fever• listeriosis, Cache Valley virus, stress,
iodine or selenium deficiencies
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Goiter !
Normal thyroids <2 g
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Abortion math
5 abortions in a flock of 50 bred does = 10% = abortion storm, almost certainly infectious
5 abortions in a flock of 500 bred does = 1% and may be normal losses – not concerned yet, but label and save fetuses and placentas
>2% is cause for concern and testing (2 abortions in a small herd)
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Mummified fetuses are common with toxoplasmosis; the twin may be normal
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Abortion diagnosis and prevention
• most diseases zoonotic• wear plastic sleeves• isolate aborting doe• destroy fetuses and placentas• cull if chlamydiosis, don’t cross foster• inject long-acting oxytet 3X or feed
chlortetracycline (extralabel – need vet)
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Do you call this hay?Provide energy, protein, selenium, vitamin E
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Pregnancy toxemia
• late pregnant goats carrying multiple kids
• twin lamb disease
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inadequate feed offered
fat mobilization
fatty liver
anorexia from other disease
Pregnancy toxemia or ketosis
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A full uterus crowds the rumen while kids demand more nutrients
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Obese goat in late pregnancy cannot eat much forage
• fat stored in omentum takes up space
• doe becomes ketotic• even though fat,
needs higher quality forage and some grain
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Diagnosis of pregnancy toxemia
• standing or lying apart• depressed, may seem blind or grind
teeth• off feed – small fecal pellets• diarrhea when fetuses die• ketones in urine (be ready to
collect !)• ketones in blood (smell breath)
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uterus
uterus rumen
omentum has been removed
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Normal parturition
• ligaments soften and disappear – within 12 hours of parturition
• doe waits for quiet period in barn• 30 – 30 – 30 rule• ballotte abdomen for additional kid
if suspect a problem
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Kidding is close!
Udder fullVulva relaxedSlight mucusLigaments aroundbase of tail gone
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Assisting parturition
• wash vulva• sterile glove• lubricant (Dawn)
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The glove protectsyou and the doefrom infection
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Meconiumstained = Help now!
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Correction of dystocia
• elevate hindquarters or turn dam over• lamb puller• epinephrine 1 cc IM• one front leg and head• one hind leg• cut off head if dead• subcutaneous fetotomy• penicillin, flunixin IV, tetanus
prophylaxis
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Caesarian section
• if does not respond rapidly to medical treatment of pregnancy toxemia
• if > 141 days gestation• pretreat with 20 mg dexamethasone
if surgery delayed or kids premature, to develop surfactant in the lungs
• local anesthesia injected in the flank or gas anesthesia
• blindfold, don’t give xylazine
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