copert training 5. copert 5 vs copert 4 - europa · updated software elements •interface:...

COPERT Training

5. COPERT 5 vs COPERT 4

Charis Kouridis | 2017-10-25 | EEA, Copenhagen

New and updated elements

• Software improvements

– new and faster calculation kernel

– improved COPERT data file

– interface improvements

• Methodological improvements

– new methodology• eg vehicle categories, methodological elements

– updated methodology• eg energy balance, emission factors (NOx emission factors for post Euro 5

vehicles), biofuel use

2

Software improvements

3

Improvements over COPERT 4

COPERT 4 COPERT 5

COPERT file Access mdb file SQL compact

Temporal analysis 7-10 years in one

file

40 years

Calculation time 2 min per year 10 sec per year

File size Unzipped file Zipped file

4

New software elements

• Form design:

– Undo/Redo

– Import/Export in all forms

– Track changes in input forms

• Implied emission factors

• Error report

• “Updates” notification

• COPERT 4 files consolidation

• “Cancel” during calculation

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Form design (1/2)

6

Form design (2/2)

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Implied emission factors

8

Error report

Notification send to [email protected]

*requires internet connection

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“Updates” notification


10

COPERT 4 files consolidation

Repeat process

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“Cancel” during calculation

12

Updated software elements

• Interface: DevExpress

• Form design:

– Pivot table forms

– Copy and Paste in all forms

• Improved “import from COPERT 4” capabilities

• Updated Excel interface

• Online help file

• Ticketing for COPERT questions

• No serial number required

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Pivot table forms

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Copy and Paste

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Import from COPERT 4 (1/5)

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• Imported information– Activity Data

– Evaporation data

– Vehicle structure

– Country temperatures

– RVP

– Urban share split 50-50 to Urban Peak and Off-Peak

• Not imported– advanced selections

• load, slope, CO2 correction etc

– user data (eg user emission factors)

– fuel specifications

– statistical fuel consumption

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COPERT 4 COPERT 5Sector Subsector Fuel Category Fuel Label Segment

Passenger Cars Gasoline <0,8 l Gasoline Unleaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Mini

Passenger Cars Gasoline 0,8 - 1,4 l Gasoline Leaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Small

Passenger Cars Gasoline 0,8 - 1,4 l Gasoline Unleaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Small

Passenger Cars Gasoline 1,4 - 2,0 l Gasoline Leaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Medium

Passenger Cars Gasoline 1,4 - 2,0 l Gasoline Unleaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Medium

Passenger Cars Gasoline >2,0 l Gasoline Leaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Large-SUV-Executive

Passenger Cars Gasoline >2,0 l Gasoline Unleaded => Passenger Cars Petrol Large-SUV-Executive

Passenger Cars Diesel <1,4 l Diesel => Passenger Cars Diesel Mini

Passenger Cars Diesel 1,4 - 2,0 l Diesel => Passenger Cars Diesel Small

Passenger Cars Diesel >2,0 l Diesel => Passenger Cars Diesel Large-SUV-Executive

Passenger Cars Hybrid Gasoline <1,4 l Hybrid Gasoline => Passenger Cars Petrol Hybrid Mini

Passenger Cars Hybrid Gasoline 1,4 - 2,0 l Hybrid Gasoline => Passenger Cars Petrol Hybrid Small

Passenger Cars Hybrid Gasoline >2,0 l Hybrid Gasoline => Passenger Cars Petrol Hybrid Large-SUV-Executive

Passenger Cars LPG LPG => Passenger Cars LPG Bifuel Small

Passenger Cars CNG CNG => Passenger Cars CNG Bifuel Small

Light Commercial Vehicles Gasoline <3,5t Gasoline Leaded => Light Commercial Vehicles Petrol N1-II

Light Commercial Vehicles Gasoline <3,5t Gasoline Unleaded => Light Commercial Vehicles Petrol N1-II

Light Commercial Vehicles Diesel <3,5 t Diesel => Light Commercial Vehicles Diesel N1-II

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Heavy Duty Trucks Gasoline >3,5 t Gasoline Leaded => Heavy Duty Trucks Petrol >3,5 t

Heavy Duty Trucks Rigid <=7,5 t Diesel => Heavy Duty Trucks Diesel Rigid <=7,5 t

Heavy Duty Trucks Rigid 7,5 - 12 t Diesel => Heavy Duty Trucks Diesel Rigid 7,5 - 12 t

Heavy Duty Trucks Rigid 12 - 14 t Diesel => Heavy Duty Trucks Diesel Rigid 12 - 14 t





Heavy Duty Trucks Rigid >32 t Diesel => Heavy Duty Trucks Diesel Rigid >32 t

Heavy Duty Trucks Articulated 14 - 20 t Diesel => Heavy Duty Trucks Diesel Articulated 14 - 20 t






Buses Urban Buses Midi <=15 t Diesel => Buses Diesel Urban Buses Midi <=15 t

Buses Urban Buses Standard 15 - 18 t Diesel => Buses Diesel Urban Buses Standard 15 - 18 t

Buses Urban Buses Articulated >18 t Diesel => Buses Diesel Urban Buses Articulated >18 t

Buses Coaches Standard <=18 t Diesel => Buses Diesel Coaches Standard <=18 t

Buses Coaches Articulated >18 t Diesel => Buses Diesel Coaches Articulated >18 t

Buses Urban CNG Buses CNG => Buses CNG Urban CNG Buses

Buses Urban Biodiesel Buses Biodiesel => Buses Biodiesel Urban Biodiesel Buses

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Mopeds 2-stroke <50 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Mopeds 2-stroke <50 cm³

Mopeds 4-stroke <50 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Mopeds 4-stroke <50 cm³

Motorcycles 2-stroke >50 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Motorcycles 2-stroke >50 cm³

Motorcycles 4-stroke <250 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Motorcycles 4-stroke <250 cm³

Motorcycles 4-stroke 250 - 750 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Motorcycles 4-stroke 250 - 750 cm³

Motorcycles 4-stroke >750 cm³ Gasoline Leaded => L-Category Petrol Motorcycles 4-stroke >750 cm³

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Online help file

http://copert.emisia.com


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Ticketing

• e-mail to: [email protected]

• Unique ID

• Multiple EMISIA experts can engage

• Trace all answers and questions

• Use mailing system for communication

Requirement: Do not modify the subject

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mailto:[email protected]

Methodological improvements

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New methodological elements

• Calculation– Tier 2

– Entity mode

– Uncertainty (under development)

– Lubricant consumption and specifications

• Fuel – Energy instead of fuel mass calculations

– Automated energy balance

– Distinction between primary and end (blends) fuels

– Bi-fueled vehicles

• Vehicle Types– New vehicle types (under development)

– Emission control technology level

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Tier 2

• Required input

• Environmental information (temperature and humidity)

• Statistical energy consumption (required for energy balance only)

• Stock and activity data (stock, activity, lifetime cumulative activity)

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Entity mode (1/2)

• Adds a new level to input information

• Each entity requires the same level of information as a year in timeseries

• Energy balance is performed for the entire year

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Entity mode (2/2)

En

erg

y

ba

lan

ce

Energ

y

ba

lan

ce

En

erg

y

ba

lan

ce

Run: Country (eg Belgium)

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Entity (eg Region)

Year 1

Entity 1

Year 1

Entity 2

Year 2

Entity 1

Year 2

Entity 2

Run: Country (eg Belgium)

Energy balance

Year 1

Energy balance

Year 2

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Inventory uncertainty estimation

• Methodology currently under development

• Quantified ‘error’ propagation calculations

– Final expression may be quality rather than quantity indicator

• Uncertainty range to final inventory value to be given per pollutant

• Minimum user input to be required

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Lubricant consumption and specifications

• Lubricant consumption as a function of mileage [g/km]

• Heavy metals emissions– In COPERT 4 it was assumed that a part of the HM emissions from fuel was actually

from lubricant consumption – significant reduction of default values in fuel specifications in COPERT 5

• Optional

29

Energy consumption calculation

In order to facilitate new vehicle types (eg electric or PHEV) COPERT 5 calculates energy and not fuel consumption

30

Automated energy balance

• In COPERT 4 by providing statistical fuel consumption and performing a fuel balance, CO2 and fuel consumption dependent emissions were corrected accordingly

• COPERT 5 compares statistical and calculated energy consumption, modifies a number of input data (eg mileage, blend share) and recalculates emissions

31

Distinction between primary and end (blends) fuels (1/2)

Primary fuels: energy consumption

• Consistent to IPCC: Fuel sales in TJ for each primary fuel

• Two grades for major fuels: User-specific properties

• Addition of electricity and H2 as separate fuels

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Distinction between primary and end (blends) fuels (2/2)

• End fuels: User may define different fuel blends per vehicle type, e.g. EX blends, difference between winter-summer, etc.

• Example: Petrol passenger car, Small, EURO 1

– Blends energy share: First order estimate by the user,e.g. 70% E5 and 30% E10 (up to two blends per vehicle type)

– E5 consisting of

• 5% vol. Bioethanol

• 95% vol Petrol (Grade 1 and/or Grade2)

– E10 consisting of

• 10% vol Bioethanol

• 90% vol Petrol (Grade 1 and/or Grade2)

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Available Blends

Petrol

E0

E5

E10

Diesel

B0

B7

E70

E85

E100

B10

B20

B30

B100

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Bi-fuelled vehicles

Bi-fueled

Cars

CNG/Petrol

LPG/Petrol

May be shown as two vehicles to present the different parameters used for the calculation of emissions

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New vehicle types

• Fuel/energy consumption and emission factors still under development

Hybrid

Cars

Plug-in

Hybrid Petrol

Diesel Hybrid

Electric

Cars

Battery

Electric

Fuel Cell H2

– Electric

36

Emission control technology level

• Emission control technology layer to distinguish between concepts with distinct emission behavior in same Euro class

• Initial values proposed, can be modified by the user

Category Fuel Euro Tech 1 Tech 2 Tech 3

Passenger Cars Petrol 4, 5, 6 PFI GDI

Passenger Cars Diesel 6 DPF DPF+SCR DPF+LNT

Heavy Duty

TrucksDiesel V EGR SCR

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Updated methodological elements

• Fuel

– Advanced fuel specifications

– Updated CO2 correction calculation

• Vehicle Types

– Updated vehicle category naming

• Emission factors

– Consolidated hot emission factor function

– Possibility to distinguish between peak/off-peak urban

– Hybrid cold emission factors

– NOx Diesel PCs (Euro 6 and on) and LDVs (Euro 5 and on)38

Advanced fuel specifications

Similar to COPERT 4, each fuel has its own set of properties (example: HM content)

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Updated vehicle category naming (1/2)

• Engine capacity as such little relevant for consumption

• Segmentation may be found by ACEA or vehicle dealers

• Categories relevant to fuel consumption calculation

• N1-I: RW ≤ 1305 kg

• N1-II: 1305 kg < RW ≤ 1760 kg

• N1-III: 1760 kg < RW

Passenger Cars

COPERT 4 COPERT 5

<0.8 l Mini

0.8 – 1.4 l Small

1.4 – 2.0 l Medium

>2.0 l Large-SUV-Executive

Light Commercial Vehicles

COPERT 4 COPERT 5

GasolinePetrol N1-I

Petrol N1-II

Petrol N1-III

DieselDiesel N1-I

Diesel N1-II

Diesel N1-III40

Updated vehicle category naming (2/2)

• Two categories completely missing from COPERT 4:

• Quads and ATVs: Petrol powered

• Micro-cars: 500 cc diesel powered

L-category vehicles

COPERT 4 COPERT 5

Mopeds and

MotorcyclesL-category vehicles

- Quads and ATVs

- Micro-cars

41

Consolidated hot emission factor function

• Pollutants covered NOx, PM, CO, VOC and fuel consumption

• New function adds flexibility

• Can accommodate fuel effects

FUELEURO RFRFgvfve

v

dcvbva

vEF

11)(2

2

[g/km]

42

New emission factors

• First ‘official’ version of COPERT 5 not expected to introduce substantially new EFs to COPERT 4

– Emission factors for new vehicle types

• Peak/off-peak distinction

– Software feature for the time being, methodology being developed

43

NOx Diesel PCs (Euro 6 and on) and LDVs (Euro 5 and on)

• Euro 6 DPC NOx

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NOx Diesel PCs (Euro 6 and on) and LDVs (Euro 5 and on)

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• Euro 6 DLCV NOx

New measurements available for NOx (1/2)

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New measurements available for NOx (2/2)

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Example of Germany data 2014 (1/2)

• Data inserted to COPERT 4

• COPERT 4 file imported to COPERT 5

– adjust fuel specifications to match COPERT 4

– adjust Blends in COPERT 5

– adjust Blends share in COPERT 5

– adjust Diesel fuel density in both versions

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Example of Germany data 2014 (2/2)

COPERT 4 name COPERT 5 name Difference ReasoningTotal_CO2_Emiss_t CO2_TOTAL 0.07% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Cadmium_Emiss_kg CD_TOTAL 0.06% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Chromium_Emiss_kg CR_TOTAL 0.02% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Copper_Emiss_kg CU_TOTAL 0.03% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Nickel_Emiss_kg NI_TOTAL 0.05% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Selenium_Emiss_kg SE_TOTAL 0.05% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_Zinc_Emiss_kg ZN_TOTAL 0.03% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_CO_Emiss_t CO_TOTAL 0.48%CO emission factor equation consolidation (mainly pre Euro 1

vehicles)

Total_OM_Emiss_t OM_TOTAL 0.00% No difference

Total_PM10_Emiss_t PM_10_TOTAL 0.00% No difference

Total_PM2.5_Emiss_t PM_2.5_TOTAL 0.00% No difference

Total_SO2_Emiss_t SO2_TOTAL 0.00% No difference

Total_VOC_Emiss_t VOC_TOTAL 1.97% Evaporation calculation speed improvement

Total_VOC_Evap_Emiss_t VOC_EVAP 8.95% Evaporation calculation speed improvement

Total_NMVOC_Emiss_t NMVOC_TOTAL 2.08% Evaporation calculation speed improvement

Total_NMVOC_Evap_Emiss_

tNMVOC_EVAP 8.95% Evaporation calculation speed improvement

Total_CH4_Emiss_t CH4_TOTAL 0.00% No difference

Total_NOX_Emiss_t NOX_TOTAL 0.06%NOx emission factor equation consolidation + Hybrid vehicles cold

emissions

Total_NO2_Emiss_t NO2_TOTAL 0.01%NOx emission factor equation consolidation + Hybrid vehicles cold

emissions

Total_NO_Emiss_t NO_TOTAL 0.08%NOx emission factor equation consolidation + Hybrid vehicles cold

emissions

Total_N2O_Emiss_t N2O_TOTAL 0.14% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

Total_NH3_Emiss_t NH3_TOTAL 0.07% Hybrid vehicles cold emissions

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Thank you for your attention!

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