copenhagen 2
TRANSCRIPT
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Soren Kierkegaard: “I regard the whole of Copenhagen as one of great social
gathering”
Copenhagen
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● World renowned cycling facilities
● Pedestrian oriented
● High Accessibility
● Character
● Mixed land use
● Active
City of Copenhagen
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Jan Gehl● Danish architect and urban design consultant
● Influential in the transformation of
copenhagen
● Best known for the Stroget
● Stresses the importance of cycling within
communities
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Stroget● Pedestrian oriented
● Walkable
● Comfortable
● Safe
● Accessible
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Pedestrian and Bicycle only Streets
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Finger Plan
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Transportation Authorities
Danish Ministry Of Transport
The Danish Transport Authority
Greater Copenhagen Authority
Copenhagen Metro Movia (Bus Company)
DSB (Railway Company)
ROAD DIRECTORATE
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Road Directorate
● Government Agency- The " tool "used by the government, ministry of transport, parliament and public to promote and develop the road system in Denmark.
● Influences: ○ planning, construction, operation, service, maintenance of main
country highways.
● Cooperates with local and regional authorities
● Implemented the Road Sector Information System (VIS)○ Owned by the directorate and regional authorities jointly○ Contains national and regional data about roads, bridges, pavements,
traffic, accidents
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Movia● 2007 Municipal Reform
● Trafikselskabet Movia: agency responsible for buses in Copenhagen
● Movia does not own any of the lines they pay subcontractors to run them
● Movia is trying to introduce contactless "smartcards" as a new fare system (Rejsekort)
● Operates 24 hr/day
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Movia Map
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DSB (Danish State Railways)
● DSB is the largest Danish train operating company, and the largest in Scandinavia
● Responsible for passenger train operation on most of the Danish railways
● Founded in 1885
● DSB is an independent public state-owned corporation under the Danish Ministry of Transport and Energy since 1999
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Copenhagen Metro
● Rapid Transit System
● Orestand Act 1992, Metro Planning Act
● Driverless light Metro that aids the larger S-Train rapid transit system.
● It is owned by Metroselskabet (owned by the Municipality of Copenhagen and the Ministry of Transport)
● January 7th 2011 "Cityringen" (project that would add two extra lines)
○
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http://metrorailmap.blogspot.com/search/label/Copenhagen
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Current Metro System
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New Metro System (Line M3 and M4 added)
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Amagerbro StationRapid transit station
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Cycling Network in Copenhagen
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Transportation Planning:[History of Cycling in Copenhagen]
● 1892 -● 1907 -● 1934 -● 1940 -● 1950 -
● 1970 -
● 1980 -● 1990's -
● First bicycle path in Copenhagen● Copenhagen is top cycling city in Europe● First cycling race (spectator sport)● Recreational bicycle routes in green spaces● Automobile affordability increase
Bicycling popularity decrease ● Modal share of bicycles at an all time low of
10%● Energy crisis causes "Cycling Renaissance"● City of Copenhagen pushes to increase
cycling in the municipality and transportation planning involving cycling begins
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Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 1996 - ● Copenhagen released its first bicycle account○ Consisting of 10 Key Indicators:
■ budget allocated to cycling infrastructure
■ length of the bicycle network
■ modal share
■ number of cyclists
■ accident statistics
■ cyclists opinion on infrastructure
■ cyclist opinion on maintenance
■ perceived sense of safety
■ citizens an overview the city's plans for cycling
■ initiatives initiated since the last account was published
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Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 1997 -
● 2000 -
● 2001 -
● Municipal Development Plan○ introduced a new concept of green bicycle routes○ coherent network of cycle routes○ off street routes through parks and other open green
areas
● City released a proposal for a network of 22 green bicycle routes with a total length of 110 km
● "Cycle policy 2002 - 2012"○ prioritize cycling in city planning○ coordinate initiatives for improvements of cycling
conditions○ increase in modal share from 34% to 40%
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Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 2006 -
● 2007 -
● 2011 -
● "Cycle Track Priority Plan 2006-2016"○ 70 kilometres of new cycle tracks and cycle lanes will
be established in the 10 years covered by plan
● "Action plan for safe bicycle traffic 2007-2012"○ goal of reducing the number of accidents by 50%
compared to 1996
● Municipal council unanimously adopted the new cycling strategy, "good, better, best – The City of Copenhagen’s Bicycle Strategy 2011-2025"○ replaces the previous cycling policy covering the years
2002 to 2012○ increase the modal share of the bicycle to 50% of
commuter trips
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Trends in cycle use in Copenhagen
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Copenhagen Bicycle Rush Hour
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-Un1RJ-P_w
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Environmental Policies Reduce CO2 emissions
Increase amount of green areas and improve access to themPromote walking, cycling and public transit
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Climate Plan 2025
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Drawbacks: Planning
Finger plan seems to be getting congested○ Street widening is currently being considered
As inner city develops○ Increased automobile congestion in fingers○ Increased cycling congestion
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Drawbacks
Police have excessive power
● Veto proposed changes
● Lack of knowledge
○ Focus on automobiles
○ Cycling is unsafe?
● Oppose decreasing
speed limits
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ConclusionFocused on improving quality of life
● Strict Environmental Initiatives
● Transportation Agencies
● Policy
● Multimodal Infrastructure
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Bibliography
● http://www.international.fhwa.dot.gov/pubs/pl10010/ch02.cfm
● http://www.copenhagenize.com/2012/09/the-state-of-copenhagen-congestion-part_3.html
● http://www.eltis.org/docs/tools/THI-Thomas_Budde_Christensen_Tyge_Kj_r.pdf
● http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&rlz=1C1GGGE_enUS508US508&biw=1280&bih=923&tbm=isch&tbnid=J9vN9FdH4oNe6M:&imgrefurl=http://www.except.nl/consult/pedestrianizationtools/pedestrianizationtools1.html&docid=W9AdjaXDn9N9TM&imgurl=http://www.except.nl/consult/pedestrianizationtools/Fig%25252011%252520-%252520Copenhagen_ped_map.jpg&w=1050&h=400&ei=AF2VUPmVGKm60QHPnoG4BA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=148&vpy=176&dur=4737&hovh=138&hovw=364&tx=127&ty=83&sig=103525647615985306105&page=1&tbnh=99&tbnw=262&start=0&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:77
● http://www.metropolismag.com/html/content_0802/ped/
● http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&rlz=1C1GGGE_enUS508US508&biw=1280&bih=923&tbm=isch&tbnid=yZ6C0opuMibyBM:&imgrefurl=http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/kbenfield/copenhagens_10point_plan_for_a.html&docid=e5a1gPXHnuKkMM&imgurl=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2467/3694077239_b0712400e6_o.jpg&w=490&h=326&ei=YOeWUMbSHOS90QHZzYC4Cg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=296&sig=102369845098272562881&page=1&tbnh=140&tbnw=218&start=0&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:68&tx=175&ty=71
● http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&sa=X&biw=624&bih=895&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=h-g1R5imgy2oJM:&imgrefurl=http://kjoller.eu/blog/2007/09/11/grontmij-carl-bro-summer-school/&docid=dF0_ggDojx7FKM&imgurl=http://kjoller.eu/media/legacy-uploads/2007/09/fingerplan.jpg&w=470&h=470&ei=_fSWUMbbA5Sw0QHXpoHwBQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=310&sig=102369845098272562881&page=1&tbnh=107&tbnw=87&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0,i:86&tx=58&ty=53
● http://www.copenhagenize.com/2012/09/the-state-of-copenhagen-congestion-part_3.html