Convention on the rights of the child

Child - definition

Artical 1.Child is every "human beingbelow the age of 18 years unless under thelawapplicable to the child,majorityis attained earlier"

Rightsare legal, social, or ethicalprincipalsoffreedomorentitlement; rights are the fundamentalnormativrules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. ? Objective rights/ personal rightsProvision/ entitlements, freedomHuman/real/obligationHuman rights of childrenOf every child (the child)

Human rightsHuman rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.

ConventionTreaty, an agreement in international law

Declaration - legal relations of the parties which does not provide for or order enforcement.

Development of the idea of child rights Roman law -pater familias right of life and deathBy theMiddle Ages-the lack ofpublic awareness ofchildrenas asocial group- the childrendo not existas a distinctsocial group, notexist inlaw orexist as aproperty/ ownership of father18th century-"childrenare the futureof society, asdecision-makers, children as investment20th century-protect/save the children-children becomesocialcategoriesthat should be protected/noparticipationEndof the 20th centuryis the right holder not the object of protection

Codification of child rights - from declaration to ConventionThe end of The First world war Save the children - 1919Declaration on the rights of the child - 1959Working group for the preparation of the ConventionConvention 1989The first Optional Protocol on sale of children and child prostitution and pornografy - 2000The second Optional Protocol children in arm conflicts - 2000The third optional Protocol individual complains procedure - 2012

Convention basic information

The international instrument that is ratified in 191 state, signed in one and not signed in one (USA, Somalia)It covers all group of human rights (political, social,kultural, individuals and group rights, family life rights)It strenghtens responsibility of state even more.It introduces child as a right holderNew rights participation

What is not coveredCorporal punishmentMedical and other researches and experiments with childrenDetailed protection in situation of savior child rights violationEuthanasia, abortion (beginning of life)

StructurePreambul and 54 Articals.1-41 Catalog of rights of the child and states responsibility.42-45 Monitoring procedure Committee on the right of the child/ supervisory body.46-54 Ratification procedure, and other technical provision on enforcing and changes etc.

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