contrasting precision ag technology between different crop species by dodi wear
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species
By Dodi Wear
![Page 2: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objective or Purpose
To identify different types of precision agriculture technologies and how they are used in different crop species.
To be aware of what’s out there.
![Page 3: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Three Basic Categories
Variable Rate Technology Various Sensing Devices Yield Monitors
![Page 4: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Variable Rate Applicators
Variable Rate Applicators are mounted on planters to vary the seeding rate or on fertilizer applicators to vary the pounds applied on each small plot of land.
![Page 5: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Variable Rate Applicators
VR fertilizer application was the first PA practice to reach the level that it could be used through the complete production cycle of gathering the data, developing a management plan based on information generated by the data, and implementing this plan through site-specific fertilizer application.
![Page 6: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How Variable Rate Applicators Are Being Used Nitrate Leaching in Potato Cropping
It was demonstrated in a study done on 2 adjacent fields the effect of VRT in reducing the ground water contamination.
Rice & Soybeans in Arkansas It was found for phosphorus application that the
profitability of VRT was highly sensitive to both residual P and soil clay content when compared to URT
![Page 7: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How Variable Rate Applicators Are Being Used VRT applications of lime has been proven
successful in the SE VRT was tested on corn hybrids and seeding
rates in CO Field test in MO to determine optimum
planting densities in different fields.
![Page 8: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sensing Devices
Soil Inductance Meter Measures soil electrical
conductivity (EC). Probably most common
form of continuous sensing. Soil EC has been observed in a number of cases to correlate highly with yield.
EC measured before planting can be related to plant-available-water-holding capacity.
![Page 9: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Remotely Sensed Images Have Been Used To: Predict nitrogen need in corn Estimate cotton lint yield Assess insect damage in wheat Detect spider mites in cotton Assist in insecticide application Estimate clay concentration of surface soil Detect weeds Quantify hail or wind damage in crops Detect and Classify anomalies
![Page 10: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Hyperspectral Sensing
New technology that is capable of providing info over a continuous spectrum in the visible, NIR, MIR wavebands.
Images acquired from hyperspectral sensors have been used for: Estimation of crop vigor and yield prediction Discrimination between crops, weeds, residue
and soil Quantitative measurements of crop water content
and leaf area index
![Page 11: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Sensing Devices
Infrared thermometer was used to measure canopy temp to control irrigation events.
Infrared Spectrometer – used for determining plant water status.
Leaf Chlorophyll Meter – used for assessing plant nitrogen status. Chlorophyll Meter coupled with DGPS to map
nitrogen stress in corn.
![Page 12: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Sensing Devices
Field spectral-imaging system with a liquid crystal tunable filter in peanuts and cotton.
Electromechanical sensor to count corn plants.
Cotton mass-flow and strength sensor was developed using a halogen lamp & NIR light.
Capacitance sensor, a sensor measuring power required at the PTO shaft, a microwave sensor & NIR sensors were tested to measure moisture content of forage.
![Page 13: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sensing Devices
Grain protein and oil content sensors are currently under development.
An infrared plant-temperature transducer was used to sense plant temperature changes caused by greenbug infestation.
![Page 14: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Yield Monitoring
Most yield monitors measure the volume or mass-flow rate of harvested material and then integrate this flow rate to generate a time-periodic record of the amount of harvested material during that interval.
The most well developed yield monitoring technology is that for combine harvested crops, especially, small grains.
![Page 15: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Yield Monitoring
![Page 16: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Yield Monitoring
Development and commercialization of yield monitoring systems for other crops have just started.
Publications about yield monitors for other crops include cotton, forage, peanuts, potatoes, straw, sugarbeets, & tomatoes.
Companies are also working on developing sensors that can measure physical grain quality such as cracks, splits, color and such chemical properties as protein, carb and fiber content.
For forage crops, YM using a displacement sensor, a load cell, a capacitance-controlled oscillator and an optical sensor have been studied.
![Page 17: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Yield Monitors
In large areas harvested by combines the monitors have shown themselves capable of accuracies of better than 5%.
In predicting the amount of grain in a combine hopper load, a truck load or the amount of grain harvested from a field of 10-40 or more acres, monitors often estimate with better than 2% accuracy.
![Page 18: Contrasting Precision Ag Technology Between Different Crop Species By Dodi Wear](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022080223/56649e2a5503460f94b177cd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
References
Zhang, N., Wang, M., & Wang, N. Precision agriculture—a worldwide overview. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 36 (2002) 113-132.
Plant, R. Site-specific management: the application of information technology to crop production. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 30(1-3). Feb 2001. 9-29.