contents · 2020. 5. 20. · ferwag®- district heating pipe system description fer 7.105 26.8.2003...

FER

7.0

15.10.2003

Contents

7.0 Contents

7.1 System description

7.100 System description (general)7.105 System description (data)

7.2 Engineering

7.200 Laying Engineering, Contents

7.3 Components

7.300 FERWAG - District heating pipe, heating and sanitaryConstruction, Dimensions, Material, Weight and Delivery lengths

7.305 Elbow, short-legged7.310 Elbow, 1.0 x 2.0 m7.312 T-pieces, branch-off, Insulation thickness 17.313 T-pieces, branch-off, Insulation thickness 27.314 T-pieces, branch-off, Insulation thickness 37.316 Parallel T-pieces with steel pipe, Insulation thickness 17.317 Parallel T-pieces with steel pipe, Insulation thickness 27.318 Parallel T-pieces with steel pipe, Insulation thickness 37.320 Anchors7.325 Preinsulated valves for underground laying, description, installation7.330 Shut-off valve, ball valve7.335 Fitting for shut-off valve, ball valve 7.340 Pipe joints connection, shrink-on sleeve SMPE-2D7.345 Pipe joints connection, end sockets, shrink-on seal7.351 Pipe joints connection, EWELCON-Fusion Welded Joint, System description7.352 Pipe joints connection, EWELCON-Fusion Welded Joint, Technical specifications7.355 Wall sealing ring, Trench warning tape7.360 Wall duct (Doyma - for civil defence structures)

7.4 Transport and storage

7.400 Transport and storage

7.5 Data for excavation, Installation

7.500 Civil engineering works, laying pipes (trench profile)7.501 Civil engineering works, laying pipes7.502 Filling the pipe trenches7.505 House connection (wall penetration, core drilled holes)7.510 Assembly rules7.515 Concrete block for an anchor7.520 Draining and venting arrangements7.525 Underground installation for ballvalves7.530 Hot tapping, system description7.531 Hot tapping, dimensions and measurements7.532 Hot tapping, preparation weld seam and weld composition

7.6 Tendering text

FERWAG -District heating pipe®

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FERWAG -District heating pipe FER

7.100

15.10.2003

System description

FERWAG district heating pipe is the registe-red name for a pre-insulated plastic casingpipe system used to transport district heat.The pipe system is designed to be laid directlyin the earth, without ducts. It has proven itsexcellence over several decades and isnowadays acknowledged as the industrialstandard in normal cases.

Depending on the purpose for which it isused, FERWAG district heating pipe has acarrier pipe made either of steel (welded,seamless or galvanised), copper or specialsteel. This means that FERWAG districtheating pipe is suitable for transportingheating water, hot water for industrial ordomestic use, condensate and other fluids,but not for steam.

The heat insulation of the FERWAG hea-ting pipe is provided by a rigid polyurethanefoam offering resistance up to 140 ° C. Theouter protection is provided by an HDPE (highdensity polyurethane) casing pipe. All threecomponents form a fixed unit, making thispipe system a member of the composite pipefamily.

FERWAG district heating pipe is available inthree categories of insulation thickness.Depending on the dimensions, the pipeconstruction units can be supplied in lengthsof 6 + 12 (or 16) m. The construction unitsand all the associated moulded fittings suchas elbows or bends, T-pieces, fixed points oranchors and so on, are prefabricated in thefactory. This results in a modular kit systemwhich is correspondingly simple to plan andassemble.

All the components are connected on site,using circumferential seams. The weld seamsand the end sockets are subsequentlyinsulated with joint sleeves. Subsequentinsulation work is usually carried out on ourbehalf by the system supplier or by qualifiedspecialist companies. During the planningphase, we will assist system users on requestby placing our experience with the system attheir disposal free of charge, as part of ourservice.

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FERWAG®- District heating pipe

System description

FER

7.105

26.8.2003

Materials supplied

FERWAG® district heating pipe system for con-stant medium temperatures up to a maximumof 140 °C, comprising:

• FERWAG® district heating pipes• FERWAG® moulded fittings (elbows, T-

pieces, fixed points, HDPE sleeves, etc.)• FERWAG® accessories (MDR, pipe under-

lay, line warning tape, etc.).

Conception / structureHeating

Straight pipes (bar stock)

Longitudinal seam-welded or spiral seam-welded steel pipes

Material St 37.0 to DIN 17120Standard: DIN 2458/1626; EN 253Acceptance test certificate: DIN 50.049-3.1 BWelding bevel: Ø ≥114.3, DIN 2559-22

Pipes for T-pieces and fixedpoints

T-pieces and fixed points with the same wallthicknesses as the pipes; end sockets of com-pensators and fittings with the same wall thick-nesses as the welded pipes; material matchesthe straight welded pipes.

Steel pipe elbows for mouldedelbow fittings

DN 20-125

Cold-bent (seamless or welded) steel pipes

Material St 37.0Standard: DIN 2448/1629; EN 448,

DIN 2458/1626Dimensions: Same as straight pipesFactory certificate: DIN 50.049-2.2 orAcceptance test DIN 50.049-3.1 B

DN 150 (80)-500

Longitudinal seam-welded elbows withlongitudinal or spiral seam-welded steel pipeend sockets.

Material St 37.0Standard: DIN 2605, DIN 2458/1626;EN 448Dimensions: Same as straight pipesFactory certificate: DIN 50.049-2.2 orAcceptance test certificate: DIN 50.049-3.1 B

End sockets: 150-200 mm

Technical data: Same as for straight pipes.

Sanitary

Pipes and moulded fittings

Threaded pipes: DIN 2440, longitudinally wel-ded, galvanised to DIN 2444

Thread: DIN 2999 Part 1; over 2 1/2” -ends without thread.

Medium pipes made of other materials areavailable on request.

Casing pipe

Material HDPE, Hoechst, GM 5010 T2 orUnifos NCPE 3316

Standard: EN 253Factory certificate:DIN 50.049-2.2

External diameter90

110125140160180200225250280315355400450500560630710800

Dimensions of HDPE casing pipesInternal diameter

85,6104,0118,8133,0152,0172,0192,0216,2240,2269,0302,6341,0384,4432,4480,4538,0605,2682,0768,6

Minimum wall thickness2,22,52,53,03,03,03,23,53,94,44,95,66,37,07,88,89,8

11,112,5

Heat insulation (EN 253)

Polyurethane foam (pentane blown)Polyurethane foam manufactured from 3components:polyol, isocyanate and pentaneMixing and metering takes place in high-pressure systems.

Core pipe density: Min. 60 kg/m3Closed cell percentage: ≥ 96%Thermal conductivity coefficient: ≤ 0.0260W/mK for an average temperature of theinsulating layer of 50°C

Joint sleeve / subsequent insulation

Standard: EN 489• carried out by trained installation staff• foaming and sealing of the sleeve joints

with polyurethane foam• sealed with heat shrinkable seal and

electric-welded sleeve• connection of leak monitoring leads• installation of expansion pads consisting

of an elastic ageing-resistant foamedmaterial.

FER

7.200

15.10.2003

Laying EngineeringContents

7.20 Principles, theory7.201 Layout of the line 7.202 Laying length, Lmax7.203 Natural fixed point (maximum laying length)

7.21 Tables: max. covering, Lmax., thermal prestressing

7.210 Maximum permissible covering height 7.211 Lmax, laying without prestressing, insulation thickness 17.212 Lmax, laying without prestressing, insulation thickness 2 and 37.214 Thermal prestressing (description)7.215 Laying with thermal prestressing, DN 20-300, insulation thickness 17.216 Laying with thermal prestressing, DN 20-300, insulation thickness 2 7.217 Laying with thermal prestressing, DN 350-500, insulation thickness 1 and 27.218 Laying with thermal prestressing, DN 20-200, insulation thickness 3

7.22 Expansion calculation7.220 Restricted expansion7.221 Restricted expansion up tp 90 ° C, DN 20-125, insulation thickness 27.222 Restricted expansion up tp 90 ° C, DN 20-125, insulation thickness 37.223 Restricted expansion

7.23 Design of expansion elements7.230 L-elbow, Z-elbow, U-elbow - sheet 17.231 Elbow < 90° (bend in the line) - sheet 27.232 Location of expansion pads

7.24 Dimensioning, heat loss7.240 Pressure losses7.241 Heat loss, insulation thickness 17.242 Heat loss, insulation thickness 27.243 Heat loss, insulation thickness 3

7.25 Laying direction7.250 Laying direction, sheet 1 7.251 Laying direction, sheet 27.252 Laying direction, pipe elbows, min. bending radius, small bends, sheet 3 7.253 Laying direction, changes of direction at 40-50° and 40-50° , sheet 47.254 Connecting instruction, transition flexible pipe to plastic sheath pipe


FER

7.201

15.10.2003

a b

a a

aa

a

b

b

b

b

b

3 m

FP L

Layout of the line for FERWAG district heating pipes is not subject to any special requirements. Withrespect to the pipe, it should fundamentally be selected with consideration to possible expansion. Forthis purpose, changes of direction in the normal layout of the line using L elbows are an initialoption. In addition there are Z elbows and U elbows, which are capable of taking up the expansionarising at precisely defined points.

The angle sizes of the "expansion elbows" should not exceed 90 ° , since otherwise considerablylonger expansion legs are needed. If possible a right angled line course should always be aimed for.

FERWAG -District heating pipe

Layout of the line

Fig. 1 Straight line layout between two buildings. The expansion of the district heating pipes must be taken up in building A or B by pipe legs or similar.

Fig. 2 Angled line layout, expansion taken up by natural change of direction in L elbow and building a.

Fig. 3 Straight line layout between two buildings with expansion taken up within the line by Z elbows.

Fig. 4 Straight line layout between two buildings with expansion taken up within the line by U elbows.

Fig. 6 Straight line layout, expansion taken up within the line by U elbows.

Fig. 5 Angled line layout between two buildings. Expansion taken up within the line by Z elbows.

If no expansions are provided in the houses, then anchor must be fitted in the building wall or approx. 3 m before it.

Building

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FER

7.202

15.10.2003

Laying length, Lmax

H

FP FP

FP

FP

LmaxLmaxLmax

LmaxLmax

Lmax

ALmax =Fr'•

[m]

Fr'= µ[G + D(2H + Kd (H +D/2)( –2))]

= 190 N/mm = 0.5 = 19 kN/mKd = 0,463G [N/m]D [m]H [m]A [mm ]

µ2

3

2

Components to compensate the temperaturerelated length-differences can almost berejected.

In order to avoid destruction of the carrier pipeduring normal laying (without thermalprestressing), the friction force may only riseup to the maximum permissible force ofpressure on the carrier pipe. The districtheating pipe laid underground therefore mustnot be fixed, it must slide within the earth. Theexpansion occurring must be taken up in anexpansion elbow. The length of the slidingarea is identified for the remote heating linewith the term "laying length - Lmax".

The laying length indicates at what distancefrom a fixed point the first expansion capabilitymust be created. The friction forces add upwithin this laying length up to a value which isstill below the maximum permissiblepressure force of the inner pipe.

The FERWAG district heating pipe is a pipesystem in which the carrier pipe, heat insulationand sleeve pipe form a composite whole. As aresult, the expansion occurring in the carrier pipeis transferred to the polyurethane foam and tothe HDPE sleeve pipe. The polyurethane foamand the sleeve pipe thus expand to the samedegree as the steel pipe.

Expansion of the district heating pipe is howeverrestricted to a certain extent in the sand bed byfriction between the sand and the sleeve pipe.The friction force may become so great in acorresponding pipe length, that the districtheating pipe is "fixed" in the earth andexpansion is completely prevented. The force ofpressures in the carrier pipe, which arecounteracting the external friction forces, thenbecome so great that impermissibly high stressescan occur in the carrier pipe.In the case of long pipes with an adhesion area,another possible way of reducing the amount ofmaximum tension is by thermal prestressing ofthe pipe.


Maximum permissible laying length between expansion legs, Lmax

L elbow

Z elbow

U elbow

Maximum permissible laying length, Lmax:

Friction force, Fr' [N/m]

permissible stress (after creasing)friction factor, ground / PE specific gravity of ground pressure coefficient at rest weight of steel pipe + water sleeve pipe external diameter covering height steel pipe profile

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FER

7.203

15.10.2003

NFP

NFP

NFP

NFP

NFP NFP NFP

Lmax

2 LmaxLmax Lmax

LmaxLmax 2 Lmax

Lmax

NFP Fr'1 Fr'2H1

H2

LL2L1

L2 = L

12 (

2+1) – 1

– 1

Fr'2

Fr'1 =

L1 = L – L2

In the case of unequal covering height, the NFPis displaced. When calculating the maximumlaying length Lmax and the expansion l, thismust be taken into account. In the case ofdoubt, a fixed point should be set.

( > 1 )

A natural fixed point NFP is located, as a result ofthe friction forces at the same covering heightbetween the sand and the PE sleeve pipe, in thecentre of a line section, between two possibleexpansion points.

Natural fixed point, L elbow

Natural fixed point, Z elbow

Natural fixed point, U elbow

"Natural fixed point" at changing covering height H1, H2 = Covering height

Natural fixed point Maximum laying length


FER

7.210

15.10.2003

Where no shear stresses occur, i.e. there areno relative movements between the earth andthe pipe, e.g. in an adhesion area or in thearea between two fixed point structures ofprestressed pipelines, there is nocorresponding restriction in laying depth.

=

20 25 32 40 50 65 80100125150200250300350400450500

90 90110110125140160200225250315400450500560630710

110110125125140160180225250280355450500560630710800

125125140140160180200250280315400

26,9 33,7 42,4 48,3 60,3 76,1 88,9114,3139,7168,3219,1273,0323,9355,6406,4457,2508,0

DN Hmax [m] Hmax [m] Hmax [m]d D D D

1.51.91.92.22.42.72.82.93.13.43.53.43.63.53.63.63.6

1.21.51.71.92.12.42.52.52.83.03.13.03.23.13.23.23.2

1.01.31.51.71.92.12.22.32.52.62.8

Fr' = · [G + · D · (2 · H + Kd · (H + D/2)·( – 2))] µ

where:

= 0.5 = 19 kN/mKd = 0,463G [N/m]d [mm]D [m]H [m]

µ2

3

max = 0,04 N/mm

[N /mm ]

[N /m]

2Fr'

·d

The maximum permissible covering height (Hmax)is determined from the permissible shear stress of = 0.04 N/mm between the PU foam insulation

and the steel carrier pipe, as a function of thefriction force and the pipe size.

Maximum permissiblecovering height


Steel pipe Insulation thickness 1 Insulation thickness 2 Insulation thickness 3

The shear stress and friction force may be calculated using the following formulae:

Shear stress:

Friction force:

permissible shear stress friction factor, ground / PE specific gravity of ground pressure coefficient at rest weight of steel pipe + water carrier pipe external diameter sleeve pipe external diameter (PE) covering height (the dimension H is measured from the pipe apex to the consolidated or compressed ground surface)

2

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FER

7.211

15.10.2003

DNH = 0,6 m H = 0,8 m H = 1,0 m H = 1,2 m

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Dmm

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6

139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

20253240

50 65 80100

125150200250300

Lmax Lmax 0.15

H

90 90110110

125140160200

225250315400450

28353742

51586575

81 97110118136

1,31,31,61,6

1,92,12,43,1

3,53,95,16,67,6

21262832

39445057

62 74 85 91106

1,71,82,22,2

2,52,83,24,0

4,65,16,68,59,6

17212225

31354046

5060697487

2,22,22,72,7

3,03,44,05,0

5,7 6,3 8,110,411,9

14171821

26303339

4250586374

2,62,63,23,2

3,74,14,75,9

6,7 7,5 9,612,414,1

350400450500

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

500560630710

133149147143

8,5 9,811,212,8

104117116113

10,912,514,216,3

85969593

13,315,217,219,7

72828179

15,717,820,323,1


Insulation thickness 1

Steel piped x smm

Laying without prestressingMaximum permissible laying length, Lmax

Covering height, H [m] Friction force, Fr' [kN/m]Permissible stress, =185 N/mm2Friction factor ground/PE, µ = 0,5Specific gravity of ground, = 19 kN/m3

Pressure coefficient at rest, Kd = 0,463

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FER

7.212

15.10.2003

DNH = 0,6 m H = 0,8 m H = 1,0 m H = 1,2 m

Lmax m

Lmax m

Lmax m

Lmax m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Dmm

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6

139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

20253240

50 65 80100

125150200250300

110110125125

140160180225

250280355450500

23283237

46515867

73 86 98105123

1,61,61,81,9

2,12,42,73,5

3,94,45,77,48,4

17212428

35394451

5666758196

2,12,12,42,5

2,83,23,64,5

5,1 5,7 7,4 9,610,8

14171922

28313641

4554616678

11141619

23263034

3845525666

2,72,73,13,1

3,43,94,55,6

6,3 7,1 9,111,713,2

3,23,23,73,7

4,14,75,36,7

7,5 8,410,813,915,6

DNH = 0,6 m H = 0,8 m H = 1,0 m H = 1,2 m

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Lmaxm

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Fr'kN/m

Dmm

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6

139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5

20253240

50 65 80100

125150200

125125140140

160180200250

280315400

20252933

40455260

657787

1,81,82,02,1

2,42,73,03,8

4,45,06,5

15192225

30344046

505967

2,42,42,72,7

3,23,64,05,0

5,76,58,4

12151720

24283237

404855

10121417

20212731

344046

3,03,03,43,4

3,94,44,96,2

7,08,0

10,3

3,63,64,14,1

4,75,35,97,4

8,49,5

12,2

Lmax Lmax 0.15

H

350400450500

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

560630710800

119133130126

9,611,012,614,5

92104103100

12,214,016,018,3

76868482

14,917,019,422,2

64737270

17,620,022,826,0


Laying without prestressingMaximum permissible laying length, Lmax


Steel piped x smm


Steel piped x smm

Covering height, H [m] Friction force, Fr' [kN/m]Permissible stress, =185 N/mm2Friction factor ground/PE, µ = 0,5Specific gravity of ground, = 19 kN/m3

Pressure coefficient at rest, Kd = 0,463

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FER

7.214

15.10.2003

Thermal prestressing

Thermal prestressingIn the case of long pipes with an adhesion area,another possible way of reducing the amount ofmaximum tension is by thermal prestressing of thepipe. In this case, the pipe which has been laid in theopen trench is heated up to the approximate meantemperature between the laying and operatingconditions; in this heated condition, it is sanded in andthen allowed to cool off again.

At ambient temperature, this means that the pipe issubject to a constant tensile stress which reduces in alinear manner when the pipe is heated; the tensilestress becomes zero at the mean (or prestressing)temperature, and it changes into a compressive stresswhen further heating takes place.

The maximum stress difference is split up into twoapproximately equal ”compressive” and ”tensile stress”components, each of an amount which is less than thepermissible maximum stress.

vmax = ± ±±± ES · t · ( T - TV) [N/mm2]At a prestressing temperature of 70 ° C, that is to saythe temperature difference Tv = 60 K, this gives amaximum value of vmax = 147 N/mm2 for St 37.0.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the pipe stress atnormal operating temperature (80-90 ° C) isapproximately equal to zero, so that the pipe is laidvirtually stress-free for the greater part of the year.

By shifting the prestressing temperature upwardsbeyond the mean temperature, it is possible to takeaccount of the fact that the key material valuesbecome less favourable as the temperature rises.

Procedure:

a) Lay the pipe in the open pipe trench. The expansionabsorbers should already be welded on. To ensure thatthe expansion of the pipe is directed, an artificial fixedpoint can be created by filling with earth over a lengthLs.

Ls = L · Gges · µµµµ/FR'

b) Position measuring points at suitable locations.

c) Calculate the ideal length change (free expansion)using the measuring points.

d) Calculate an optimal prestressing temperature, atwhich the maximum permissible stress is exceededneither in the operating condition nor in the cooling-off condition.

e) Heat the pipe up to the specified prestressingtemperature. When doing this, it is particularlybeneficial to carry out the preheating withdisconnected recirculating water from a heatingnetwork which already exists. Apart from this, otherpossibilities are vacuum steam, hot air or electricalprestressing. Electrical prestressing is the mostadvantageous as regards the outlay.Prestressing can also be carried out section by section,since the complete line is seldom open, particularly ininner city areas.

f) Measure the real expansion and compare it with theideal values. If the expansion obtained turns out to betoo low, the pipe can be briefly overheated in order toovercome the friction on the base of the trench. Whenthe calculated expansion is attained, return to therequired prestressing temperature again.

g) Position the expansion pads and secure them sothat they cannot move.

h) Align the pipes.

I) Fill in the pipe trench and compact the earth. Whendoing this, the prestressing temperature must bemaintained, with a permissible variance of ± 5° C.

j) Cool off and withdraw the pipe. This will bend theexpansion components up and draw them into thepad, meaning that they are also prestressed and aresubject to constant tensile stress in the laid condition.

k) Measure the residual expansion after cooling hasbeen completed.

TBTV

TU

+

–

max

Vmax

Vmax

without prestressing

with prestressing

Since this maximum stress remains constant throughoutthe entire adhesion area, the prestressed section of pipecan be of any length. Moreover, the sliding area turnsout to be very small on account of the low temperaturedifferences. Given that instances of thermal expansionoccur solely in the sliding area, only slight instances ofresidual expansion take place; these should be absorbedby the expansion components. Consequently, thedimensions of these components can be substantiallyreduced in comparison with non-prestressed pipes. Inaddition, a certain number of expansion absorbers canbe saved, since there is no need to subdivide the wholepipe into maximum laying lengths.

The sliding area Lg and the residual expansion lcan be calculated as follows:

Lg = [ES · AS · t · ( T - TV) + Fp-Fel]/FR‘ [m]

L = [ t · ( T - TV) + (Fp-Fel)/Es · As] · Lg/2 [mm]


Progression of stress over pipe temperature

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FER

7.215

15.10.2003

Steel piped x s

mm

90° °°° Tv=50 ° C ( T=40 ° C)

DN D

mm20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

Tv=60 ° C ( T=50 ° C)

Tv=65 ° C ( T=55 ° C)

Tv=70 ° C ( T=60 ° C)

100 ° °°° 110 ° °°° 120 ° °°° 130 ° °°° Tv=75 ° C ( T=65° C)

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

TB

H =

0,6

m

H =

0,8

m

H =

1,0

m

H =

1,2

m

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

90 90110110125140160200225250315400450 90 90110110125140160200225250315400450 90 90110110125140160200225250315400450

90 90110110125140160200225250315400450

DN 20-300, Insulation thickness 1

l

Lg DS

FP

14,516192227303439

3,544,55

0,5111

1820,52427

5,5678

0,5111

2022,52630

6,5 7,5 8,510

1111

2224.528,532,5

8 8,51011.5

1111

23,526,53135,5

9101214

1111,5

6,5789

1,51,51,52

33,537,542,548,5

101112,514,5

1,51,522,5

36,541,546,553,5

1213,51517,5

1,5222,5

4045,55158,5

14,5161820,5

222,53

43,5495563

171921,524,5

2,52,52,53

4250576170,5

101213,514,517

2,5333,54,5

52,562,571.57688

15,518,52122,526

33445

586978,58497

1922,525,527,531,5

33,544,55,5

63 75 85,5 91,5106

22,52730,532,538

3,53,54,556

68,5 81,5 92,5 99115

26,531,53638,544

3,544,55,56,5

111214,516,5

2,533,54

0,5111

13,515,51820,5

44,55,56

0,5111

15172022,5

55,56,57,5

1111

16,518,521,524,5

66,57,59

1111,5

182023,527

7 7,5 910,5

111,51,5

202325,529,5

55,567

11,51,52

25,528,53237

7,5 8,5 9,511

1,51,51,52,5

2831,535,540,5

910,511,513,5

1,51,522,5

30,534,538,544,5

11121416

1,51,522,5

33374248

1314,51618,5

1,522,53

3238,5444755

7,5 910,51113

22,5333,5

4048555968,5

121416,517,520

2,533,53,54,5

445360,56575,5

14,517202124,5

33445

4857,5667182

1720,523,52529,5

33,544,55,5

5262,571,576,589

202427,529,534,5

3,544,556

91011,513

22,52,53

0,50,50,51

1112,514,516,5

33,54,55

0,50,50,51

1213,51618

44,556

1111

131517,520

4,55,567

1111

14,5161921,5

5,5678,5

1111

1618,520,524

44,555,5

1111

20,5232630

677,59

1111,5

22,525,528,533

7,5 8,5 9,510,5

111,52,5

24,527,53136

8,5101113

11,51,52,5

26,53033,539

1011,51315

1,51,522,5

26313638,545

6 7,5 8,5 911

1,51,5233,5

32,53944,54856

9,511,513,514,517

2333,54

35,542,5495362

11,5141617,520

2,53344,5

3946,553,55867

1416,51920,524

2,53445

4250,55862,573

16,519,522,52428

3344,55,5

7,589,511

1,522,52,5

0,50,50,50,5

0,50,50,50,5

910,51214

2,533,54

1011,513,515

33,54,55

0,5111

1112,514,516,5

44,556

1111

1111

1213,515,518

4,5567

13,515,517,520

33,545

0,5111

1719,521,525

55,56,57,5

1111

18,5212427,5

6789

111,52

20,5232630

7 8 9,510,5

111,52,5

22252832,5

8,5 9,51112,5

2222,5

22263032,538

5677,59

1,51,51.52,53

27,532,537,540,547,5

8 9,5111214

22334

303641,544,552

101213,514,517

2333,54

32,539454957

11,5141617,520

2,53344,5

35,545,5495362

13,516,51920,524

2,53445


Laying with thermalprestressing

Operating temperature TB [° C]Preheating temperature Tv [ ° C]Laying temperature Tk=10 [ ° C],

T = Tv–TkSliding range when cooling Lg [m]Elastic recovery when cooling l [mm]Permissible stress = 190 N/mm2

Friction factor ground/ PE, µ=0,5Specific gravity of ground, = 19 kN/m3

Coefficient of compression, Kd=0,463Covering height H [m]Expansion leg DS [m]

®

FER

7.216

15.10.2003

Steel piped x s

mm

90° °°° Tv=50 ° C ( T=40 ° C)

DN D

mm20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

20253240

50 65 80100125150200250300

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

Tv=60 ° C ( T=50 ° C)

Tv=65 ° C ( T=55 ° C)

Tv=70 ° C ( T=60 ° C)

100 ° °°° 110 ° °°° 120 ° °°° 130 ° °°° Tv=75 ° C ( T=65° C)

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

TB

H =

0,6

m

H =

0,8

m

H =

1,0

m

H =

1,2

m

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0323,9 x 5,6

l

Lg DS

FP

1213,516,519

33,544,5

0,5111

1516,52124

4,5567

1111,5

16,518,52326,5

5,567,58,5

1111,5

18202528,5

6,5 7 910

111,51,5

19,521,52731

7,5 8,510,512

11,51,51,5

2426,53034,5

110110125125140160180225

5,56,578

11,51,52

303337,543

9101113

1,5222,5

32,536,541,547,5

10,51213,515,5

1,522,53

35,539,54552

12,5141618,5

22,52,53

38,5434956

1516,51921,5

232,53

250280355450500

37,544,550,55463,5

910,5121315

2,52,533,54

47,55663,567,579

1416,5192023,5

2,53444,5

5261,569,574,587

17202324,528,5

33,544,55

56,567768195

2024272934

3,53,54,555,5

61,5 72,5 82,5 88103

23,528323440

3,544,55,56

110110125125

91012,514,5

22,533,5

0,50,50,51

1112,51618

3,53,54,55,5

0,5111

0,5111

12,51417,520

44,55,56,5

13,5151921,5

4,55,56,57,5

1111

14,516,520,523,5

5,56,589

1111,5

140160180225

18202326,6

4,54,55,56,5

1111,5

22,52528,533

6,5 7,5 8,510

11,51,52,5

2527,531,536

8 91012

1,51,522,5

273034,539,5

9,510,51214

1,51,522,5

29,532,53743

11,512,514,516,5

1,51,523

250280355450500

2934,5394249,5

7 8 91012

222,533,5

36434952,562

1112,514,515,518,5

2,533,53,54,5

39,54753,557,568

1315,517,518,522

2,533,544,5

43,551,558,56374

15,518,52122,526,5

3344,55

4755,563,56880,5

1821,524,526,531

33,5455,5

110110125125

7 81011,5

1,522,53

0,50,50,50,5

91012,514,5

2,5344,5

0,50,511

10111416

33,54,55

0,50,511

11121517,5

44,55,56

1111

1111

11,51316,519

4,556,57,5

140160180225

14,51618,521,5

3,544,55

1111

18202326,5

5,5678

111,51,5

111,51,5

202225,529

6,578,59,5

222427,532

8 8,51011,5

11,522,5

23,5263034,5

91011,513,5

1,51,522,5

250280355450500

23,52831,53440,5

5,56,57,589,5

11,5223

2934,539,54350,5

8,510,51212,515

22,5334

323843,54755,5

10,512,514,515,518

2,533,53,54,5

3541,547,551,560,5

12,5151718,521,5

2,533,544,5

384551,555,566

14,517,52021,525,5

2,53445

110110125125

66,58,59,5

1,51,522,5

0,50,50,50,5

7,5 8,510,512

22,533,5

0,50,50,51

8 9,511,513,5

2,5344,5

0,50,50,51

91012,514,5

33,54,55

0,5111

10111416

445,56

1111

140160180225

1213,515,518

33.53.54

0,5111

151719,522,5

4,555,56,5

1111

16,518,52124,5

5,5678

1111,5

18202327

6,578,59,5

1112,5

19,5222529

7,5 8,5 9,511

11,51,52,5

250280355450500

19,523,526,52934

4,55,56,578

1122,53

24,52933,53643

7,5 8,51010,513

1,51,5333,5

2732374047

910,5121315,5

22,533,54

29,5354043,551,5

10,512,514,515,518,5

2,5333,54,5

323843,54755,5

12,514,5171821,5

2,533,544,5

DN 20-300, Insulation thickness 2







®

FER

7.217

15.10.2003

l

Lg DS

FP

Steel piped x s

mm

90° °°° Tv=50 ° C ( T=40 ° C)

DN D

mm

350400450500

Tv=60 ° C ( T=50 ° C)

Tv=65 ° C ( T=55 ° C)

Tv=70 ° C ( T=60 ° C)

100 ° °°° 110 ° °°° 120 ° °°° 130 ° °°° Tv=75 ° C ( T=65° C)

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

TB

0,6

m0,

8 m

1,

0 m

1,

2 m

m

H

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

Steel piped x s

mm

90° °°° Tv=50 ° C ( T=40 ° C)

DN D

mm350400450500

Tv=60 ° C ( T=50 ° C)

Tv=65 ° C ( T=55 ° C)

Tv=70 ° C ( T=60 ° C)

100 ° °°° 110 ° °°° 120 ° °°° 130 ° °°° Tv=75 ° C ( T=65° C)

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

TB

0,6

m0,

8 m

1,

0 m

1,

2 m

m

H

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3


355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

350400450500

350400450500

350400450500

350400450500

350400450500

350400450500

500560630710

500560630710

500560630710

500560630710

560630710800

560630710800

560630710800

560630710800

6977,57674

16,518,51818

86 979592

25,5292827,5

95106105102

313534,533

103116114111

3741,54139,5

112126124120

4348,54846,5

54616058

13141414

67767575

2022,52221,5

748382,580,5

24272726

81 91 90 87,5

2932,53231

879997,595

34383836,5

445049,548

10,511,51211,5

55626260,5

16,518,518,518

61696866,5

19,522,522,522

66757472

23,526,526,526

728180,578,5

2831,53130,5

37,542,54241

9101010

47535352

1415,515,515,5

51,5585856,5

17191918,5

56646361,5

202322,522

60,56968,567

23,526,526,526

61,56967,565,5

14,5161615,5

778684,582

2325,52524,5

84,594,59390

27,53130,529,5

9210310198

33373635

100112110107

38,54342,541

48545352

11,51312,512,5

6067,566,565

182020,519,5

66747371

21,5242423,5

72818078

25,52928,528

7887,586,584

383433,532,5

39,5444443

9,510,510,510

4955,55553,5

14,516,516,516

546160,559

17,5202019

5966,56664

2123,523,523

64727169,5

24,527,527,527

33,537,537,536,5

8999

41,5474746

12,5141413,5

4651,551,550

15171716,5

5056,55655

17,5202019,5

54616159,5

2123,523,523

4,5566

44,54,54,5

3,544,54,5

3,5444,5

5,566,57

55,55,55,5

4,555,56

44,555,5

66,57,57,5

5,566,56,5

55,55,56

4,555,56

6,577,58,5

66,577,5

5,5666,5

55,566,5

788,59,5

6,577,57,5

66,577,5

5,566,57

44,555,5

3,54,54,54,5

3,5444

3,544,54,5

5,566,57

4,555,56

44,54,55

44,555

66,577,5

55,566,5

4,555,56

455,56

677,58

5,566,57

55,566,5

4,555,55,5

6,57,588,5

6,56,577,5

5,566,57

55,567

DN 350-500 Insulation thickness 1 + 2








®

FER

7.218

15.10.2003

Steel piped x s

mm

90° °°° Tv=50 ° C ( T=40 ° C)

DN D

mm20253240

50 65 80100125150200

20253240

50 65 80100125150200

20253240

50 65 80100125150200

20253240

50 65 80100125150200

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5

Tv=60 ° C ( T=50 ° C)

Tv=65 ° C ( T=55 ° C)

Tv=70 ° C ( T=60 ° C)

100 ° °°° 110 ° °°° 120 ° °°° 130 ° °°° Tv=75 ° C ( T=65° C)

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

Lgm

lmm

DS m

TB

H =

0,6

m

H =

0,8

m

H =

1,0

m

H =

1,2

m

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,342,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,648,3 x 2,6

60,3 x 2,9 76,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5

l

Lg DS

FP

125125140140

10,511,51517

2,533,54

0,50,511

1314,51821,5

44,55,56,5

1111

14,51620,523,5

4,55,56,57,5

1111,5

15,517,522,525,5

5,56,589

1111,5

17192427,5

6,5 7,5 9,510,5

111,51,5

160180200250

2123,52731

55,56,57,5

111,51,5

2629,53439,5

7,5 8,51011,5

1,51,522,5

28,5323742,5

9,510,51214

1,51,522,5

313540,546,5

1112,514,516,5

1,51,52,53

34384450,5

1314,51719,5

1,5233

280315400

33,539,545

89,5

10,5

22,53

4249,556

12,514,516,5

2,533,5

46,554,561,5

151820

334

50,559,567,5

182124

33,54

5564,573

212528

444,5

125125140140

8 911,513

222,53

0,50,50,51

10111416

33,545

0,5111

0,5111

111215,517,5

3,5456

12131719,5

44,567

1111

1111

1314,518,521

55,578

160180200250

15,517,520,523,5

3,5455,5

1111

19,52225,529,5

66,57,58,5

111,51,5

21,524,52832,5

7 8 910,5

11,51,52,5

23,526,53135,5

8,5 9,51112,5

11,522,5

25,52933,538,5

10111315

1,51,522,5

280315400

25,530,534,5

678,5

1,51,52,5

323843,5

9,511,513

22,53

35,54247,5

11,513,515,5

2,533,5

38,545,552

141618,5

2,533,5

4249,556

161921,5

33,54

125124140140

6,5 7 910,5

1,51,522,5

0,50,50,50,5

8 911,513

2,52,534

0,50,511

8,5 9,512,514,5

3344,5

0,50,511

9,510,513,515,5

3,5455,5

0,5111

10,511,514,517

44,55,56,5

1111

160180200250

12,514,516,519

33,544,5

1111

161820,524

4,55,567

1111,5

17,519,52326

5,56,57,58,5

111,52

1921,52528,5

6,5 7,5 910

11,51,52,5

20,523,52731

8 910,512

1,51,522,5

280315400

2124,528,5

567

11,52,5

263135,5

7,59

10,5

1,52,53

28,53438,5

9,51112,5

2,533

31,53742

111315

2,533,5

344046

1315,517,5

2,533,5

125125140140

5,567,58,5

1,51,522

0,50,50,50,5

6,5 7,5 9,511

2233

0,50,50,51

7,5 810,512

2,52,53,54

0,50,50,51

8 911,513

3344,5

0,5111

8,5 9,512,514

3,53,54,55,5

1111

160180200250280315400

10,512141617,520,524

2,533,54455,5

1111

131517,520

44,556

1111

14,516,51922

4,55,567

1111,5

16182124

5,56,57,58,5

1112

1719,522,526

6,5 7,5 8,510

11,51,52,5

11,52

222629,5

6,57,59

1,523

2428,532,5

89,5

10,5

1,52,53

263135,5

9,51112,5

2,533

28,533,538,5

111315

2,533,5

DN 20-200 Insulation thickness 3







®

FER

7.220

15.10.2003

12050 60 70 80 90 100 110

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

1010

20

30

40

50

60

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

10

20

4050120 100 90 80 70 60

2030

4050

60

901001

10120

Lmax [m

]

15

30

Restricted expansion

7080


Temperature difference T1) [K]

Expansion hindered by earth friction

Ratio

L/L

max

Ex

pans

ion

L

[mm

]

Pipe length L [m]

Pipe

leng

th L

[m]

Pipe

leng

th L

[m]

DN 125/250, welded inner pipepipe length L = 30 mH = 0,8 m

T = 100 KLmax = 56 m(from worksheet 7.212)L/Lmax = 0,53

Example:

l = 28 mm

2)

3)

(free expansion = 36 mm)

Temperature difference: operating temperature minus laying temperature Pipe length L measured from fixed point to axis of expansion leg Dimension H is the covering height measured from the pipe apex to the consolidated or compressed ground surface

1)2)3)

®

FER

7.221Expansion up to 90° C, DN 20-125

Insulation 2, permissible without prestressing

H=0.70 m • DS 2

H=0.70 m • DS 2

76.1-160

Exp

ansi

on

l [

mm

]Ex

pan

sio

n

l [m

m]

Laying length of pipe L [m]

Exp

ansi

on

l [

mm

]

H=0.70 m • DS 2

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

5

10

15

20

25

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

TB=65 ° C( T=55 ° C)

TB=80 ° C( T=70 ° C)

TB=90 ° C( T=80 ° C)

139.7-250

114.3-225

88.9-180

76.1-16060.3-140

48.3-12542.4-125

33.7-11026.9-110

114.3-225

88.9-180

76.1-160

48.3-12542.4-125

33.7-110

26.9-110 33.7-110

42.4-125

60.3-140

88.9-180

114.3-225

48.3-125

Adhesion areaSliding area

60.3-140

139.7-250

p

The maximum permissible laying length may be exceeded. Temperature stress at 90 ° max. 190 N/mm .

Coverage correction factor:H = 0.60 m l graph + 12%H = 0.80 m l graph – 12%

Maximum permissible coverage height: see sheet 7.210Expansion members:see sheet 7.230.

26.9-110

139.7-250

TB [° C]L [m]H [m]

l [mm]DS [m]Fr' [kN/m] =190 N/mm =0,5 =19 kN/m

Kd=0,463

µ2

3

Operating temperatureLaying length of pipeCoverage heightExpansionExpansion legFrictional forcePermissible stressFriction factor, earth / PEWeight of earth per unit of volumeCoefficient of earth pressure at rest

Example (sheet 7.230):Pipe 76.1-160 (insulation thickness 2)Operating temperature TB = 80° CPipe length L = 40 m or moreSliding area Lg = 40 mExpansion l = 17 mmExpansion leg DS = 2.4 m

DS

= 2

.4 m

l = 17 mm

DK

l = 17 mm

DS = 2.4 m

l

Lg

NFP

LDSFr'[kN/m]


15.10.2003





2

®

FER

7.222Expansion up to 90° C, DN 20-125

Insulation 3, permissible without prestressing

Exp

ansi

on

l [

mm

]Ex

pan

sio

n

l [m

m]


Exp

ansi

on

l [

mm

]

The maximum permissible laying length may be exceeded. Temperature stress at 90 ° max. 190 N/mm .

Coverage correction factor:H = 0.60 m l graph + 12%H = 0.80 m l graph – 12%

Maximum permissible coverage height: see sheet 7.210Expansion members:see sheet 7.230.

TB [° C]L [m]H [m]

l [mm]DS [m]Fr' [kN/m] =190 N/mm =0,5 =19 kN/m

Kd=0,463

µ2

3

Operating temperatureLaying length of pipeCoverage heightExpansionExpansion legFrictional forcePermissible stressFriction factor, earth / PEWeight of earth per unit of volumeCoefficient of earth pressure at rest

Example (sheet 7.230):Pipe 76.1-180 (insulation thickness 3)Operating temperature TB = 80° CPipe length L = 40 m or moreSliding area Lg = 35 mExpansion l = 15 mmExpansion leg DS = 2.2 m

DS

= 2

.2 m

l = 15 mm

DK

l = 15 mm

DS = 2.2 m

l

Lg

NFP

LDSFr'[kN/m]


15.10.2003




Laying length of pipe L [m]H=0.70 m • DS 3

H=0.70 m • DS 3

H=0.70 m • DS 3

139.7-280

114.3-250

88.9-200

76.1-18060.3-160

48.3-14042.4-140

33.7-12526.9-125

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

5

10

15

20

25

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

5

10

15

20

25

30

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

TB=65 ° C( T=55 ° C)

TB=80 ° C( T=70 ° C)

TB=90 ° C( T=80 ° C)

139.7-280

114.3-250

88.9-200

76.1-180

60.3-160

48.3-140

42.4-140 33.7-125

26.9-125

139.7-280

114.3-25088.9-200

76.1-180

60.3-160

48.3-140

42.4-14033.7-125

26.9-125


2

®

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FER

7.230

15.10.2003

Expansion elements

DS

DS

l

l

DK

A

DS

l

DK

B

DS

l1DK

x xFP

B

DS/2

C

DS/2

DS

l1

l2DK

l2

DN

20, 25 32, 40 50 65, 80100

125150200250300*

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 601,21,41,61,82,1

1,31,61,92,22,5

1,622,22,62,9

1,72,22,52,93,3

22,52,73,33,7

2,12,633,54

2,333,23,94,5

2,633,64,65

2,93,4455,7

2,42,72,93,23,4

2,83,63,844,2

3,34,54,75,15,2

3,655,55,96,0

45,96,577,1

4,56,577,57,8

5788,28,6

5,6 8 91010,2

6,5 9111212,5

DN 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60

15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100DN

DN

20, 2532, 40506580

100125150200250, 300*

11,31,51,71,8

1,21,522,12,2

1,41,82,22,42,5

1,522,42,62,8

1,72,32,72,93,1

1,92,42,83,13,3

2,12,633,43,5

2,42,93,43,74

2,63,23,744,5

2,32,32,72,83,1

2,52,72,83,33,7

2,93,23,23,74,1

3,23,53,644,6

3,53,944,55,1

3,74,14,44,75,2

44,54,755,9

4,555,566,6

4,95,5677,6

20, 2532, 405065

80100125150*

11,21,3

20, 2532, 4050

65, 80100, 125150, 200250300*

1,21,41,5

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1,51,61,8

1,622,3

1,92,32,5

2,12,42,7

2,32,63

2,42,83,2

2,533,5

2,73,23,7

1,62,222,32,4

1,82,42,42,62,8

2,32,63,13,53,7

2,63,244,24,5

33,74,555,3

3,44,15,25,76

3,64,55,96,36,7

456,377,3

4,45,477,68

4,65,87,688,5

1111,6

111,21,6

1111,6

11,21,41,6

11,31,51,6

1,21,41,62

1,31,51,82

1,41,722

1,61,651,651,65

1,61,651,652,2

1,61,651,651,65

1,61,6522,5

1,6222,8

222,33,3

22,32,53,5

2,22,52,74

Sheet 1


Requisite minimum length of the expansion leg, DS The length and location of the expansion pads may be seen from the tables and from worksheet 7.232. The maximum permissible expansion for expansion is 45 mm. Operating pressure 16 bar.

L elbow

Z elbow

U elbow

L elbow

DK = expansion padsFP = fixed point

Do not add l of both sides!

l = l1+ l2

C = 1 m whereDN is 20 - 50;C = 2 m whereDN is 65 - 250

A = DS/2 whereDN is 20 - 125;A = DS whereDN is 150 - 250

l = l1+ l2

B = DS/2 whereDN is 20 - 125;B = DS whereDN is 150 - 250

Expansion leg DS in m

Expansion l in mm

Expansion l in mm

Expansion l = l1 + l2 in mm

*for larger dimensions, values must be calculated

Expansion l = l1 + l2 in mm

®

FER

7.231

15.10.2003

Expansion elementsElbow < 90° (bend in the line); sheet 2

In order to determine the expansion leg length (DS) and expansion pad location (DK) for elbows< 90° , the lateral displacement (deflection) Q is a determining factor. The lateral displacement Q maybe a maximum of 45 mm where the line is being laid using expansion pads. Anchors may ifnecessary be arranged before bends in the line, or else the elbows should be mechanically orthermally prestressed, causing the values for Q to be halved. The total lateral displacement Q shouldbe used in all cases for calculating the thickness of the expansion areas without thermalprestressing.

l1 l2

Q1 Q2l1

l1

l2

l2

Q1 =

Q2 =

sin

sin

tan

tan

+

+

20 25 30

30°25°20°15°10°

18,522,52838

37,545

43

353841,545,5

90°85°80°75°70°65°60°55°50°45°40°35°

55,566,57899,5

11121416

10111213141617,519

21,52427,532

15161819,521,523,5262932364147,5

2022242628,531,534,538,5

25273033363943

3033363943

4043,547,5

5 10 15 35 40


Determining the features of expansion legs DS

Determining the features of expansion pads DK, DN 20 - DN 250Thickness of the pad: Q [mm] is a determining factor Length: expansion leg length Location: see worksheet 7.232, location of expansion pads

DN 20 - DN 100: by Q [mm] from table of expansion elements L elbow, sheet 7.230DN 125 - DN 250: by Q [mm] x 1.1, from table of expansion elements L elbow, sheet 7.230

Table for Q where l1 = l2

Expansion l1 = l2 [mm]

Lateral displacement Q1 = Q2 [mm]

Bend

Calculation of lateral displacement, Q:

If l1 = l2 => Q = l/sin + l/tan

®

FER

7.232

15.10.2003

Expansion pads are located in the area of expansion elbows, T pieces and reducing sockets, in orderto allow the FERWAG pipe to move in the earth. They are located in layers around the pipe in such away that the length alteration determined according to worksheets can be fully taken up.At least one expansion pad should be fitted in the incoming pipe leg in the area of the pipe elbow.If additional expansion pad has to be taken up in the pipe leg, accordingly more expansion, the padsmust be fitted there, according to the length alteration.

Location ofexpansion pads

l

DS / 2

DS

FPl [mm]

3

4 – 23

24 – 45

without expansion pads

1 layer (thickness 40 mm)

2 layers (thickness 80 mm)(2nd layer = 1/2 of the 1st layer)

DK


1 layer of expansion pads where there is the same expansion from both directions

2 layers of expansion pads where there is the same expansion from both directions

Expansion pads in the sliding area of the main line on reducing sockets

Expansion pads on T branches Fitting the expansion pads to the pipelines

Example FERWAG pipe, DN 80

l = 40 mm, expansion leg DS = 3,9 m1st layer = 4 pads (metre)2nd layer = 1/2 of 1st layer = 2 pads (m)

Expansion pads[quantity]

Number of expansion pads

®

®

®

FER

7.240

15.10.2003

Pressure losses

.1

1

10

100

.1 1

1000 000

100 000

10 000

1 000

500400

50 200 300 2000 3000100 1000500

5 10 20 30 50 100 200 300

Pa/m

mmWC/m

Pressure loss, p

2 000

3 000

4 0005 000

20 000

30 000

40 00050 000

200 000

300 000

400 000500 000

kgh

Flo

w q

uan

tity

, m

•

DN 20

25

3240

50

65 80

100

125

150

200

250300

350

0.3

5000

500

100

50

30

20

10

5

3

2

1

0,5

0,3

0,2

0,15

kgs

Flow

qua

ntity

, m

•

20 25 32 40 50 65 80100125150200250300350400450500

21,6 29,1 37,2 43,1 54,5 70,3 82,5107,1132,5160,3210,1263,0312,7344,4393,8444,6495,4

DN D inter.mm

DN

Water velocity w

[m/s]

Average water temperature 80 ° C

0.4 m/s

0.5

0.6

0.8

1.0

3.63.22.82.4

1.21.4

1.61.8

2.0

m Q · 860

T

Surface roughness value = 0.045 mm

(1 mmWC = 9.81 Pa)


Average water temperature 80 ° C

m = Flow rate in kg/hQ = Power requirement in kW

T= Temp. difference, forward and return flow in ° C

®


Heat lossInsulation thickness 1

FER

7.241

26.8.2003

TypeFERWAG®

26,9 - 90

33,7 - 90

42,4 - 110

48,3 - 110

60,3 - 125

76,1 - 140

88,9 - 160

114,3 - 200

139,7 - 225

168,3 - 250

219,1 - 315

273,0 - 400

323,9 - 450

355,6 - 500

406,4 - 560

457,2 - 630

508,0 - 710

U-value [W/mK]

0.132

0.161

0.165

0.190

0.212

0.250

0.257

0.268

0.311

0.370

0.403

0.388

0.446

0.433

0.460

0.457

0.441

50°

5.3

6.5

6.6

7.6

8.5

10.0

10.3

10.7

12.5

14.8

16.1

15.5

17.8

17.3

18.4

18.3

17.6

60°

6.6

8.1

8.2

9.5

10.6

12.5

12.9

13.4

15.6

18.5

20.1

19.4

22.3

21.7

23.0

22.9

22.0

70°

7.9

9.7

9.9

11.4

12.7

15.0

15.4

16.10

18.70

22.2

24.2

23.3

26.8

26.0

27.6

27.4

26.5

80°

9.2

11.30

11.5

13.3

14.8

17.5

18.0

18.8

21.8

25.9

28.2

27.2

31.2

30.3

32.2

32.0

30.9

90°

10.56

12.91

13.18

15.18

16.95

19.97

20.57

21.47

24.91

29.58

32.22

31.06

35.67

34.67

36.80

36.58

35.27

100°

11.9

14.5

14.8

17.1

19.1

22.5

23.1

24.2

28.0

33.3

36.2

34.9

40.1

39.0

41.4

41.2

39.7

110°

13.2

16.1

16.5

19.0

21.2

25.0

25.7

26.8

31.1

37.0

40.3

38.8

44.6

43.3

46.0

45.7

44.1

120°

14.5

17.8

18.1

20.9

23.3

27.5

28.3

29.5

34.3

40.7

44.3

42.7

49.0

47.7

50.6

50.3

48.5

130°

15.8

19.4

19.8

22.8

25.4

30.0

30.9

32.2

37.4

44.4

48.3

46.6

53.5

52.0

55.2

54.9

52.9

Heat losses q [W/m] for a pipe

Operating temperature TB [°C]

Heat loss during operation: q = U (TB - TE) [W/m] U = Specific heat losses [W/mK]TB = Average operating temperature [ °C]TE = Average ground temperature [ °C]

2 pipes laid a = 0,20 mTE = 10 °CH = 0,6 mλE = 1,2 W/mKλPU= 0,0260 W/mK

Method of laying:Distance between pipes:Earth temperature:Covering height:Conductivity of ground:Conductivity of PU foam:

TE

Eλ

a

H



FER

7.242

26.8.2003

TypeFERWAG®

26,9 - 110

33,7 - 110

42,4 - 125

48,3 - 125

60,3 - 140

76,1 - 160

88,9 - 180

114,3 - 225

139,7 - 250

168,3 - 280

219,1 - 355

273,0- 450

323,9 - 500

355,6 - 560

406,4 - 630

457,2 - 710

508,0 - 800

U-value [W/mK]

0.113

0.134

0.145

0.165

0.184

0.207

0.216

0.225

0.260

0.295

0.312

0.304

0.347

0.334

0.346

0.343

0.334

50°

4.5

5.4

5.8

6.6

7.4

8.3

8.7

9.0

10.4

11.8

12.5

12.2

13.9

13.4

13.8

13.7

13.4

60°

5.6

6.7

7.3

8.2

9.2

10.3

10.8

11.3

13.0

14.8

15.6

15.2

17.4

16.7

17.3

17.2

16.7

70°

6.8

8.0

8.7

9.9

11.0

12.4

13.0

13.5

15.6

17.7

18.7

18.2

20.8

20.1

20.8

20.6

20.1

80°

7.9

9.4

10.2

11.5

12.9

14.5

15.1

15.8

18.2

20.7

21.9

21.3

24.3

23.4

24.2

24.0

23.4

90°

9.0

10.7

11.6

13.2

14.7

16.5

17.3

18.0

20.8

23.6

25.0

24.3

27.8

26.7

27.7

27.5

26.8

100°

10.2

12.0

13.1

14.8

16.6

18.6

19.5

20.3

23.4

26.6

28.1

27.4

31.3

30.1

31.2

30.9

30.1

110°

11.3

13.4

14.5

16.5

18.4

20.7

21.6

22.5

26.0

29.5

31.2

30.4

34.7

33.4

34.6

34.3

33.4

120°

12.4

14.7

16.0

18.1

20.3

22.7

23.8

24.8

28.6

32.5

34.4

33.4

38.2

36.8

38.1

37.8

36.8

130°

13.5

16.1

17.4

19.7

22.1

24.8

26.0

27.0

31.2

35.4

37.5

36.5

41.7

40.1

41.5

41.2

40.1






TE

Eλ

a

H



FER

7.243

26.8.2003

TypeFERWAG®

26,9 - 125

33,7 - 125

42,4 - 140

48,3 - 140

60,3 - 160

76,1 - 180

88,9 - 200

114,3 - 250

139,7 - 280

168,3 - 315

219,1 - 400

U-value [W/mK]

0.104

0.121

0.132

0.147

0.160

0.179

0.190

0.203

0.221

0.244

0.255

50°

4.1

4.8

5.3

5.9

6.4

7.2

7.6

8.1

8.8

9.8

10.2

60°

5.2

6.0

6.6

7.4

8.0

9.0

9.5

10.1

11.0

12.2

12.8

70°

6.2

7.2

7.9

8.8

9.6

10.8

11.4

12.2

13.3

14.6

15.3

80°

7.2

8.5

9.2

10.3

11.2

12.6

13.3

14.2

15.5

17.1

17.9

90°

8.3

9.7

10.5

11.8

12.8

14.4

15.2

16.2

17.7

19.5

20.4

100°

9.3

10.9

11.9

13.3

14.4

16.1

17.1

18.2

19.9

22.0

23.0

110°

10.4

12.1

13.2

14.7

16.0

17.9

19.0

20.3

22.1

24.4

25.5

120°

11.4

13.3

14.5

16.2

17.6

19.7

20.9

22.3

24.3

26.8

28.1

130°

12.4

14.5

15.8

17.7

19.2

21.5

22.8

24.3

26.5

29.3

30.6






TE

Eλ

a

H

FER

7.250

15.10.2003

Laying directionsheet 1

When locating branches, e.g. house connection lines to the main line, the particular features ofthe plastic sleeve pipe system must be observed. Even short connection lines of small dimensionare held by the surrounding earth, so that their movement is restricted. The natural fixed point isagain created within the length of the connection line, so that restoring forces act on the mainline. The differing movements and force conditions of main lines and the connection line musttherefore be taken into account in all cases.

DK

NFP

max. 6m

Mai

n lin

eBuilding

DK

FP

> 6m

max. 3m

DK

NFP

bl

a

> 6 m


Location of branches

Fig. 1Connection line 6m1.1 Direct connection

Fig. 2Connection line > 6m 2.1 With anchor

2.2 With L-elbow adjacent to main line

NFP = natural fixed point DK = expansion pad

Mai

n lin

eM

ain

line

Building

Building

®

FER

7.251

15.10.2003


The leg length a depends on length l. Length b is based on the possible movement of the main line.The total length a + b should be surrounded by expansion pads. Expansions of the main line are alsopossible on connections in the adhesion area, as a result of subsequent repair measures, so thatexpansion pads must be fitted as a precautionary measure. The thickness of the expansion pads thenneeded can be reduced if the connection lines remain free and are laid with low stress, where themain line is prestressed.

bl

a

NFP

Main line

NFP

Main line

Building

DK

DK


Fig. 3

3.1 With L-elbow above main line (special manufacture)

NFP = natural fixed point DK = expansion pad

®

FER

7.252

15.10.2003


Pipe elbows, minimum bending radiusIf district heating pipes have to be laid along roads, it may be necessaryto follow curves in the road by means of elbows or bends in the pipe. Insuch cases, the elbows may be composed of several straight lengths ofpipe. If the angle is up to 3 ° , these elbows can be created with bevelledcuts, but for greater angles, they can only be created with mouldedfittings.

This curvature of the line creates bending stresses in the pipe, making itnecessary to specify a minimum radius of bending in relation to the pipedimensions. The minimum bending radius and the resulting maximumdeflection can be obtained as follows:

Laying with small bendsSliding area: bends of a maximum of 3° are permissible in bevelled cuts.Adhesion area: bends of a maximum of 5° are permissible in bevelled cuts.The bends must be laid without expansion pads.

Reductions in the adhesion areaDepending on the different stress cross-sections, there is bound to be a shift in the progression ofthe axial pressure force in the reduction.The higher pressure force in the area of the larger dimension may lead to an overload in the smallerstress cross-section, as a reaction force. This may be excluded either by avoiding reductions in theadhesion area, or by positioning a fixed point on the larger dimension side.

DN

26.933.742.448.3

60.3 76.1 88.9114.3

139.7168.3219.1273.0

323.9355.6406.4457.2508.0

da Rminm

Reductions in the adhesion area

d1 d2

Fixed point

Rzul = Es · da/ b 2000 [mm]

h = R · [1 – 1 – (s/(2 · R))2] [m]

h

Rzul

s

= minimum radius of bending [m]= chord length [m]= maximum deflection [m]= external diameter of steel pipe [m]= modulus of elasticity for steel 210000 [N/mm2]= permissible bending stress 104 [N/mm2]

RzulShdaEs

b

20253240

506580

100

125150200250

300350400450500

27344248

617790

115

141170221275

327359410461513


mm

®

FER

7.253

15.10.2003


45°FP

L

L

L

L

At 40 - 50 ° °°°

L

L L

L

< 40 °

> 50 °

40°

50°


Changes of direction over long line lengths

At 40° °°° - 50° °°°

a) For angles a < 40 ° an additional 90° elbow should be laid on the outside (see illustration)

b) For angles a > 50° the additional 90° elbow should be attached on the inside (see illustration)

The second, newly formed angle is always larger in both cases, thus achieving more gradual compensation.

®

FER

7.254

15.10.2003

Connecting instructionTransition flexible pipe to plastic sheath pipe

all dimensions in mm

2.0*

KMR

FP

l

Pipe joint

FP

KMR

l

DS 2.5*

Pipe joint

Transit from T-Piece KMR

min 1.0

KMR

l

Pipe joint

2.0 m

KMR

l

DK

GFK Shell

Transition with fixed point

Transition with Z elbow

1.0 m

DK

KMR

DS 2.5*

Pipe joint

1.0 m

DK

l L

Transition with expansion elbow

• Design of expansion elements• Location of expansion pads according the Chapter Plastic sheath pipe from the main catalogue.

DK

Rmin

Rmin

DS 2.0*

3

1 2

4

Laying instruction for transition flexible pipes on plastic sheath pipe (KMR)

The lateral expansion l must only be sufficient for the expansion to be absorbed by the T-branch DS and by flexibles district heating pipes.

The expansion l, owing to increase of temperature, must not be compensated by the flexibles district heating pipes.Installation of a fixed point.

Laying of Z elbow according of the expansion l, which must be compensated by section DS.

DS l

FP DK

= Expansion leg = Expansion = Plastic sheath pipe - fixed point = Expansion pads

If pipe length L resp. l is > than permitted, a fixed point should be included to allow exact check of the expansions.


flexible pipe

*FHK: 5 m possible*FHK: 5 m possible

*FHK: 5 m possible*FHK: 5 m possible

®

FER

7.300

15.10.2003

District heating pipe

s

d D

t

L

DN d x s

Hea

tin

gSa

nit

ary

202532

mm

40506580

100125

150200250

1/2"3/4"1"

5/4"1 1/2"2"2 1/2"3"4"

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,6

48,3 x 2,660,3 x 2,976,1 x 2,988,9 x 3,2

114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6

168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0

300350400450500

323,9 x 5,6355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

21,3 x 2,6526,9 x 2,6533,7 x 3,25 42,4 x 3,2548,3 x 3,2560,3 x 3,65

76,1 x 3,65 88,9 x 4,05114,3 x 4,50

666

66/126/126/12

6/1212

121212

1212121212

666

666

666

Dmm

tmm kg/m

90 90110

292631

2,83,04,1

l/mD

mmD

mmt

mmt

mmkg/m kg/m

110125140160

200225

250315400

28292932

3939

364256

4,55,97,39,3

13,416,4

21,231,545,8

110110125

125140160180

225250

280355450

110110110

125125140 160180225

393538

35373942

5150

516180

423936

383536 384151

2,93,24,1

5,15,57,3 9,211,616,9

3,23,54,5

4,96,37,99,9

14,617,7

23,034,650,4

125125140

140160180200

250280

315400

464346

43474852

6365

6884

3,63,94,9

5,36,98,5

10,715,919,5

25,337,3

0,370,671,09

1,462,333,885,35

9,0113,79

20,1834,6754,33

0,200,370,58

1,011,372,213,725,138,71

125125125

140140160

180200250

494643

464347

485163

3,33,64,4

5,55,97,9

9,812,418,3

450500560630710

5563664149

59,267,485,798,5124,0

500560630710800

7991997587

64,574,694,9

109,8141,0

76,80 93,16121,80155,25192,75

909090

110110125

140160200

312926 312829

293239

2,52,83,6

4,75,26,9

8,611,015,8

L m

Heating, Sanitary

16 m exceeding DN 200 on request


Steel pipe Standardlength

Insulation thickness 1 Watercontent

Insulation thickness 2 Insulation thickness 3

D – external diameter, t - insulation thickness

®

FER

7.305

15.10.2003

Elbows, short-legged

s

d D

L

t

R

L

R

90° 5° – 85 °

DN d x s

202532

mm

405065

80100125

150200250

1/2"3/4"1"

5/4"1 1/2"2"2 1/2"3"4"

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,6

48,3 x 2,660,3 x 2,976,1 x 2,9 88,9 x 3,2

114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6

168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0

450500

457,2 x 6,3508,0 x 6,3

21,3 x 2,6526,9 x 2,6533,7 x 3,25 42,4 x 3,2548,3 x 3,2560,3 x 3,65

76,1 x 3,65 88,9 x 4,05114,3 x 4,50

Dmm

tmm

Dmm

Dmm

tmm

tmm

125125140

140160180 200250280 315400

125125125

140140160

180200250

464346

434748

526365 6883

494643 464347 485163

R L m

3d3d3d

3,5d3,5d3,5d

3,5d2,5d1,5d

1,5d1,5d1,5d

1,5d1,5d

3d3d3d

3,5d3,5d2,5d

300350400

323,9 x 5,6355,6 x 5,6406,4 x 6,3

1,5d1,5d1,5d

90 90110

110125140160200225

250315400

630710

909090

110110125

140160200

450500560

292631

282929 323939 364256

556366

312926 312829

293239

4149

110110125

125140160 180225250 280355450

110110110

125125140 160180225

500560630

710800

393538

353739

425150

516180

423936

383536 384151

7587

7991 99

3,5d3,5d3,5d

L m

L m

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.65

0.650.650.65

0.651.01.0

1.01.1

1.01.01.0

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.65

0.650.650.65

1.01.01.0

1.01.5

1.01.01.0

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.5

0.60.60.6

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.5

0.60.60.6

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.5

0.60.60.6

0.50.50.5

0.50.50.65

0.650.650.65

1.01.0



Hea

tin

gSa

nit

ary


®

FER

7.310

15.10.2003

Elbows 90 ° , 1.0 x 2.0 m

DN d x s

202532

mm

405065

80100125

150200250

1/2"3/4"1"

5/4"1 1/2"2"2 1/2"3"4"

26,9 x 2,6533,7 x 2,642,4 x 2,6

48,3 x 2,660,3 x 2,976,1 x 2,9

88,9 x 3,2114,3 x 3,6139,7 x 3,6

168,3 x 4,0219,1 x 4,5273,0 x 5,0

21,3 x 2,6526,9 x 2,6533,7 x 3,25 42,4 x 3,2548,3 x 3,2560,3 x 3,65

76,1 x 3,65 88,9 x 4,05114,3 x 4,50

Dmm

tmm

90 90110

292631

Dmm

Dmm

tmm

tmm

110125140 160200225

250315400

282929

323939

364256

110110125

125140160 180225250

280355450

110110110

125125140 160180225

393538

353739 425150

516180

423936

383536

384151

125125140

140160180 200250280

315400

464346

434748

526365

6883

125125125

140140160

180200250

494643 464347 485163

909090

110110125

140160200

312926 312829

293239

R

3d3d3d

3,5d3,5d3,5d

3,5d2,5d1,5d

1,5d1,5d1,5d

1,5d1,5d1,5d

1,5d1,5d1,5d 2,5d2,5d2,5d

s

d D

t

R 1000

2000

Hea

tin

gSa

nit

ary




FER

7.312

15.10.2003

T pieces, branch-off at 45 °

L1 [m] L2 [m]

45 °

Heating, Insulation thickness 1

H [m

m]

DD d


DN D [mm]

90

90

110

110

125

140

160

200

225

250

315

400

450

500

560

630

710

DN

20

25

32

40

50

65

80

100

125

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1.0/1.0180

L1/L2H

20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 200 250 300 350 400150

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0210

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0205

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0220

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0235

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0275

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0260

1.0/1.0260

1.0/1.0255

1.0/1.0270

1.0/1.0270

1.0/1.0265

1.0/1.0280

1.0/1.0295

1.0/1.0285

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0320

1.0/1.0285

1.0/1.0285

1.0/1.0295

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0330

1.0/1.0345

1.0/1.0365

1.0/1.0390

1.0/1.0325

1.0/1.0325

1.0/1.0335

1.0/1.0340

1.0/1.0350

1.0/1.0370

1.3/1.0385

1.3/1.0395

1.0/1.0385

1.0/1.0360

1.0/1.0365

1.0/1.0375

1.0/1.0395

1.5/1.0410

1.5/1.0420

1.0/1.0385

1.0/1.0390

1.0/1.0400

1.0/1.0420

1.5/1.0435

1.5/1.0445

1.0/1.0420

1.0/1.0430

1.0/1.0450

1.5/1.0465

1.5/1.0475

1.0/1.0465

1.0/1.0485

1.5/1.0500

1.5/1.0510

1.0/1.0525

1.5/1.0540

1.5/1.0550

1.3/1.0430

1.5/1.0455

1.5/1.0480

1.5/1.0510

1.5/1.0545

1.5/1.5585

1.3/1.0470

1.5/1.0495

1.5/1.0520

1.5/1.0550

1.5/1.0585

1.5/1.0625

1.5/1.0520

1.5/1.0545

1.5/1.0575

1.5/1.0610

1.5/1.0650

1.5/1.5570

1.5/1.5600

1.5/1.5635

1.5/1.5675

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0205

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0235

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0240

1.5/1.5630

1.5/1.5665

1.5/1.5705

Main line Branch line

Casingpipe

®

FER

7.313

15.10.2003


L1 [m] L2 [m]

45 °


H [m

m]

DD d


DN D [mm]

110

110

125

125

140

160

180

225

250

280

355

450

500

560

630

710

800

DN

20

25

32

40

50

65

80

100

125

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1.0/1.0180

L1/L2H

20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 200 250 300 350 400150

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0210

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0205

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0220

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0235

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0265

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0255

1.0/1.0275

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0255

1.0/1.0275

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0265

1.0/1.0280

1.0/1.0260

1.0/1.0275

1.0/1.0290

1.0/1.0270

1.0/1.0285

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0295

1.0/1.0305

1.0/1.0320

1.0/1.0320

1.0/1.0335

1.0/1.0350

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0320

1.0/1.0330

1.0/1.0340

1.3/1.0360

1.3/1.0370

1.3/1.0390

1.3/1.0425

1.0/1.0360

1.0/1.0360

1.0/1.0365

1.0/1.0375

1.0/1.0385

1.3/1.0410

1.3/1.0420

1.3/1.0435

1.0/1.0385

1.0/1.0390

1.0/1.0400

1.0/1.0410

1.5/1.0435

1.5/1.0445

1.5/1.0460

1.0/1.0420

1.0/1.0430

1.0/1.0440

1.5/1.0465

1.5/1.0475

1.5/1.0490

1.0/1.0465

1.0/1.0475

1.5/1.0495

1.5/1.0510

1.5/1.0525

1.0/1.0515

1.5/1.0540

1.5/1.0550

1.5/1.0565

1.5/1.0585

1.5/1.0595

1.5/1.5610

1.3/1.0475

1.5/1.0495

1.5/1.0530

1.5/1.5560

1.5/1.0605

1.5/1.0650

1.3/1.0520

1.5/1.0545

1.5/1.0575

1.5/1.0610

1.5/1.0650

1.5/1.0695

1.5/1.5570

1.5/1.5600

1.5/1.5635

1.5/1.5675

1.5/1.5720

1.5/1.5630

1.5/1.5665

1.5/1.5705

1.5/1.5750

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0205

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0235

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0265

Main line

Casingpipe

Branch line

®

FER

7.314

15.10.2003


L1 [m] L2 [m]

45 °


H [m

m]

DD d


DN D [mm]

125

125

140

140

160

180

200

250

280

315

400

DN

20

25

32

40

50

65

80

100

125

150

200

1.0/1.0180

L1/L2H

20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 200150

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

L1/L2H

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0180

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0190

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0195

1.0/1.0200

1.0/1.0210

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0205

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0220

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0215

1.0/1.0225

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0240

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0230

1.0/1.0235

1.0/1.0275

1.0/1.0295

1.0/1.0335

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0280

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0245

1.0/1.0280

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0250

1.0/1.0290

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0260

1.0/1.0300

1.0/1.0320

1.0/1.0270

1.0/1.0310

1.0/1.0330

1.0/1.0295

1.0/1.0335

1.0/1.0355

1.0/1.0350

1.0/1.0370

1.0/1.0385

1.0/1.0340

1.0/1.0340

contents · 2020. 5. 20. · ferwag®- district heating pipe system description fer 7.105 26.8.2003...

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