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Equipment intended to facilitate the carriage of goods by one ore more modes of transport without intermediate reloading'. ISO. Containerization is a system of intermodal freight transport using standard inter modal containers as prescribed by ISO. These can be loaded and sealed intact onto container ships, rail road cards, planes, and trucks1

Although having its origins in the late 1780s or earlier, the global standardization of containers and container handling equipment was one of the important innovations in 20th century logistics. Malcom Purcell McLean(November 14, 1913 May 25, 2001 )was an American entrepreneur, often called "the father of containerization". In 1956, he developed the metal shipping container, which replaced the traditional break-bulk method of handling dry goods and revolutionized the transport of goods and cargo worldwide

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STANDARD CONTAINERSStandard 20' inside length 19'4" 5.900m Standard 40' inside length 39'5" 12.036m inside width 7'8" 2.350m inside height 7'10" 2.392m door width 7'8" 2.340m door height 7'6" 2.280m c cit t re weight 8,160lbs 3,700Kg m xi c rgo 59,040lbs 26,780Kg inside width 7'8" 2.350m inside height 7'10" 2.393m door width 7'8" 2.342m door height 7'6" 2.280m c cit t re weight 4,916lbs 2,230Kg m xi c rgo 47,900lbs 21,770Kg

1,172CuFt 33.2CBM

2,390CuFt 67.7CBM

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OPEN TOP CONTAINERSOpentop 20' inside length 19'4" 5.894m Opentop 40' inside length 39'5" 12.028m inside width 7'8" 2.350m inside height 7'8" 2.345m door width 7'8" 2.341m door height 7'5" 2.274m capacity 2,350CuFt 65.5CBM tare weight 8,490lbs 3,850Kg maxi cargo 58,710lbs 26,630Kg inside width 7'7" 2.311m inside height 7'8" 2.354m door width 7'6" 2.286m door height 7'2" 2.184m capacity 1,136CuFt 32.23CBM tare weight 5,280lbs 2,400Kg maxi cargo 47,620lbs 21,600Kg

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FLATRACK CONTAINERS:Flatrack 20' inside length 18'5" 5.620m Flatrack 40' inside length 3 '7" 12.080m inside width 6'10" 2.438m inside height 6'5" 2.103m door width door height capacity tare weight 12,081lbs 5,480Kg maxi cargo 85,800lbs 3 ,000Kg inside width 7'3" 2.200m inside height 7'4" 2.233m door width door height capacity tare weight 5,578lbs 2,530Kg maxi cargo 47,333lbs 21,470Kg

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FLATRACK COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINERS:Flatrack Collapsible 20' inside length 18'6" 5.618m inside length 39'7" 12.080m inside width 7'3" 2.208m inside width 6'10" 2.126m inside height 7'4" 2.233m inside height 6'5" 2.043m door width door width door height door height capacity tare weight 6,061lbs 2,750Kg tare weight 12,081lbs 5,800Kg maxi cargo 61,117lbs 17,730Kg maxi cargo 85,800lbs 39,000Kg

Flatrack Collapsible 40' capacity -

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REEFER CONTAINERSReefer 20' inside length 7' " . 2 m Reefer 40' inside length 7' " . 9 m inside length 7' . " 7m inside width 7' " 2.27 m inside width 7' " 2.29 m 2. inside height 7'2" 2. 97m inside height '2" m door width 7' " 2.2 2m door width 7' " 2.29 m 2. door height 7' " 2. m capacity 2, 7. t BM tare weight ,7 ,9 l s Kg maxi cargo ,27 l s 2 , Kg inside width 7' " 2.27 m inside height 7' " 2.2 m door width 7' " 2.2 m door height 7' " 2.2 m capacity , 2 . t BM tare weight 7, ,2 l s Kg maxi cargo ,7 2 , l s Kg

Reefer High Cube 40' door height ' " m capacity 2, . t BM tare weight 9,9 , l s Kg maxi cargo 7,7 2 ,9 l s Kg

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REEFER CONTAINERS

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HIGHCUBE CONTAINERSHIGH CUBE 40' inside length 9' " . m . inside width ' " m inside height ' " . door width ' " m . door height ' " m capacity , 9 . t BM tare weight , ,9 l s Kg maxi cargo , , l s Kg

. 9 m

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PLATFORM CONTAINERSPLATFORM 20' inside length 19'11" 6.058m PLATFORM 40' inside length 40'0" 12.180m inside width 8'0" 2.400m inside height 6'5" 1.950m door width door height capacity tare weight 12,783lbs 5,800Kg maxi cargo 86,397lbs 39,200Kg inside width 8'0" 2.438m inside height 7'4" 2.233m door width door height capacity tare weight 6,061lbs 2,750Kg maxi cargo 52,896lbs 24,000Kg

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FACTOR

ADVANTAGE

Can be manipulated anywhere in the world (ISO Standard transport product standard).Specialized ships, trucks and wagons. Raw materials (coal, wheat), manufactured goods, cars, frozen products. Liquids (oil and chemical products) and reefers (50% of all refrigerated cargo). Reuse of discarded containers. Unique identification number and a size type code. Transport management not in terms of loads, but in terms of unit.

Flexibility of usage

Management

Costs

Speed

Warehousing

Low transport costs; 20 times less than bulk transport. Transshipment operations are minimal and rapid. Port turnaround times reduced from 3 weeks to about 24 hours. Containerships are faster than regular freighter ships. Its own warehouse; Simpler and less expensive packaging. Stacking capacity on ships, trains (doublestacking) and on the ground. Contents of the container is unknown to shippers. Can only be opened at the origin, at customs and at the destination. Reduced spoilage and losses (theft).

Security

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FACTOR Site constraints

CHALLENGE

Large consumption of terminal space; move to urban periphery. Draft issues with larger containerships. Container handling infrastructures (giant cranes, warehousing facilities, inland road, rail access), are important investments. Complexity of arrangement of containers, both on the ground and on modes (containerships and double-stack trains). Loaded to avoid any restacking. Requires management and tracking of every container.Recording, (re)positioning and ordering of containers. Many containers are moved empty (20% of all flows). Either full or empty, a container takes the same amount of space. Divergence between production and consumption; repositioning. Common instrument used in the illicit trade of drug and weapons, as well as for illegal immigration. Worries about the usage of containers for terrorism. 14

Infrastructure costs

Stacking

Management logistics

Empty movements

Illicit trade

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Containerization was introduced for the first time in Indian domestic market way back in 1966 by the Indian Railways to provide door- doors service to their customers and attract cargo from road ways . In 1987 Government of India realized the importance of containerization and started constructing a satellite port at Bombay which commenced operations in 1988 and was christened The Jawaharlal Lal Nehru Port . Subsequently CONCOR created by Indian Railways and it constructed the 1st ICD at Tughlakkabad.

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First

container was handled at Cochin in 1973. Containerization has since grown substantially. 1052000 TEUS in 1993. 4637000 TEUS in 2005. 6.60 Million TEUS in 2008

Growth of multimodal transportation and containarisation in india by girish Guijar

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Distribution of Indian Tonnage on 31.10.2009

Name of The Company Shipping corporation of India Great Eastern Shipping Co Varun shipping Mercater line Essar Shipping Surendra Overseas Tolani shipping Five star bulk carriers West asia maritime Chowgule streamship chambal fertilisers Sanmar shipping Rediant shipping Others Total

Ships

GT

% of GT 32.67 17.27 4.32 7.33 4.71 1.78 2.22 0.63 1.14 0.57 2.41 1.11 0.96 22.82 99.94 23

80.00 3,076,000.00 65.00 1,626,041.00 16.00 406,920.00 16.00 690,396.00 29.00 443,725.00 5.00 168,314.00 6.00 209,460.00 3.00 59,327.00 4.00 107,672.00 5.00 53,882.00 4.00 227,714.00 4.00 104,722.00 4.00 90,551.00 722.00 2,148,440.00 963 9413164

AHAMMED EJAS PM RASHID ALI CK SHAFI TP (Falcon Institute Of Logistics and Supply Chain Mangement)

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