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CONSTRUCTION

MINING AND TRADES

MODULE

PIW-GU-4-OTR-0030-Rev- - Aug2013

Fatigue / Fitness for Work

Construction, Trades and Mining each involve physically demanding work, generally using

some form of tools / machinery, and often requiring you to work long shifts (10-12 hours per

shift)

As a result, Fatigue and Fitness for Work are major areas of focus within these industries, and

some suggestions to reduce this are:

Ensure you allow yourself ample time to rest between shifts

For Mining, if you are required to Fly / Drive in and out to work you must ensure you have adetailed Travel Plan, and that you stick to it!

You must always arrive to your shift unimpaired and Fit for Work

Each site will have specific and unique rules and regulations around these points. It is

important to ensure you are familiar with these for each site, and abide by them!

Failure to abide by site specific rules are major safety breaches


Hand Safety

Hands are one of the most important parts of the human body enabling us to use equipment,

sense pressure or temperature, communicate with one another or simply giving us the ability

to carry out “normal” day to day tasks.

A significant amount of hospital admissions are due to workplace related hand injuries

including

Severe cuts or lacerations

Severe abrasions

Chemical and thermal burns

Absorption of harmful substances

Repetitive strains

Fractures and broken bones


Hand Safety (cont)

You can minimise the risk of injuring your hands by

Ensuring you use the correct tools and equipment for the task.

Strictly adhering to safe operating procedures and work instructions and avoiding short

cuts.

Always being mindful of where you place both of your hands.

Wearing and maintaining the right type of gloves, remembering that PPE is the last line

of defence.

Always Stop and Report your concerns if you feel you aren’t confident:

• In performing the task safely

• That you have the right equipment or tools

• That the gloves or PPE supplied is not adequate for

the task


Eye Safety

Most commonly, eye injuries occur when a foreign body has entered the eye either at high or

low velocity or via a liquid substance. These could include:

Chemical burns

Particles of metal and other foreign bodies embedding in the eye

Molten metal burns

Scratches on the eyeball occurring due to small amounts of dust

Ultra Violet rays from welding causing flashes


Eye Safety (cont)

By following the suggestions below, you can proactively

prevent eye injuries occurring

Select the correct type of eye protection for the task

being performed, if you are unsure always seek advice

In some cases double eye protection is required eg.

Face shield and glasses when performing grinding

work

Ensure scratched and dirty lenses are cleaned or

replaced

One size or type of safety glasses does not fit all

Remember: The ‘coolest’ looking pair of glasses may

not necessarily be the best type


Working at Heights

You must hold the relevant certificates andlicenses to perform elevated work or operateequipment used to elevate personnel /materials

Elevated work must be subject to a riskassessment which includes consideration onrescue provisions

When working off temporary elevatedstructures always inspect the structure fordefects and general compliance (e.g. Kickboards, hand rails)

Elevated work and the protection of people from dropped objects is a critical riskto our employees. Below are a series of safety essentials which must beadhered to by all employees when performing elevated work:


Working at Heights (cont)

In the absence of fall prevention techniques

(eg. Scaffolding, elevated work platforms), fall

arrest controls such as test anchor points,

harnesses and lanyards must be employed

Use a buddy system, check and re-check your

fall protection and that of your mates

Be familiar with rescue procedures and

equipment

Where overhead work is being conducted,

barricades such as bunting, hazard tape must

be erected around the work area to personnel

below from falling objects


Confined Spaces

Confined space entry shall guided by a riskassessment process

You must be trained for confined space entryin accordance with regulatory or clientconfined space entry protocols

Atmospheric testing must be undertaken priorto entry and at scheduled interval /continuously as defined by regulation or clientcontrols

Emergency response and rescue proceduresmust be prepared and communicated prior toentering a confined space

Entry in confined spaces is a highly hazardous activity and entry will be under controlcircumstances as defined by regulation. If entry into confined spaces are required thefollowing shall be adhered to:


Line of Fire

Line of Fire is when you place yourself, or others place you, into a position where you are directly exposedto the pathway of a hazard.

Placing hand in hydraulic vice Others are placed in the line of fire as a result of poor

positioning and awareness.

In order not to be in the LINE OF FIRE or put somebody there, you MUST be aware of the constantlychanging work environment around you.


Traffic Management

Traffic hazards involving vehicles and mobile plant may occur:

When vehicles or plant are reversing and manoeuvring

When delivering and picking up product, materials from manufacturing process lines

When interacting with large heavy vehicles such as haul trucks, graders

Picking goods from pallet racking in warehouses or stores

Arrivals or departures in car parks

Loading or unloading on and around vehicles

Securing loads, hitching or unhitching of trailers

Traffic hazards occur at the workplace when there is an interaction or potentialinteraction between pedestrians and vehicles (including powered mobile plant).


Traffic Management (cont)

The risk of vehicle and pedestrian collisions is likely to increase when there is:

A lack of physical barriers to separate pedestrian walkways and pedestrian crossings

Blocked or obstructed pedestrian routes

Pedestrians and vehicles using the same route

Poorly maintained surfaces – e.g unstable surfaces, broken ground / pot holes, blind corners, poor drainage or inadequate lighting

Narrow roads where there is not enough room for pedestrians and vehicles

Poor visibility for either drivers or pedestrians, e.g. when reversing


Traffic Management (cont)

The following methods can help you minimise the risk of traffic management incidents by:

Familiarising yourself with site traffic management plans

Adhering to defined traffic management controls such as exclusion zones, separation distances etc .

Identifying and reporting any potential circumstances where a collision may occur including near misses

Ensuring that all warning and safety devices on mobile plant and vehicles are effective e.g. Reverse alarms, brakes, warning lights etc.

Ensuring that you wear the correct high visibility clothing for the environment


Hot Work

Hot work is a term used to describe heat and spark producing operations such as welding,

flame cutting and grinding.

Key workplace hazards associated with this include:

Open flames or flying sparks that are able to ignite any flammable gases, vapours and other combustible materials in the immediate area

The hot work itself producing toxic fumes and gases


Hot Work (cont)

If you are required to perform hot work strict controls must be in place to minimise risk of

incidents.

Consideration must be given to:

The removal of flammable or explosive materials before work commences;

The reduction in the flammability of materials (wetting down or use of fire blankets)

Isolating and purging plant and process lines

Testing for flammable and fermentation gases (e.g. methane) in hazardous zones

Adhering to any Permit to Work / Hot Work Permit requirements

Wearing and maintaining PPE appropriate to the task and permit conditions

Using suitable tools, equipment and materials to be used for the work including intrinsic (non-sparking) eg. Soft hammers

Emergency procedures and ensuring fire fighting and emergency equipment such as safety showers are on hand


Guarding

Machine guarding is in place to control personal risks of:

Entanglement in plant with moving parts

Parts of the plant or work pieces breaking, disintegrating or being ejected from the plant and striking personnel

Coming into contact with extremely hot or cold plant, parts and pipes


Guarding (cont)

To protect your exposure to live moving parts you must:

Always adhere to Safe Operating Procedures and Work Instructions

Clarify with your host employer on how to safely manage with blockages, jams and

malfunctions

NEVER bypass or modify any existing guarding

NEVER access any restricted or controlled operating areas where plant can be energised

remotely or automatically without full isolation

Clarify and understand what machine alarms, signals and warning devices exist and what

they mean

STOP and REPORT any missing, malfunctioning or inadequate guarding


Working Safely Around Fixed Process Plant

Fixed process plant such as production lines, conveyors, process and refinery operations

presents a range of risk exposures which need to controlled and monitored.

Failure to control these risks can lead to process related failures such as leaks, fires,

explosions and increased noise.

A summary of the key risk exposures and controls for your consideration are outlined over the

following pages.



Isolation and Lock Out Tag Out

From time to time businesses work on complex process and production equipment for the

purposes of maintenance, testing or trouble shooting. This work can expose you to a range of

different energy sources including but are not limited to electrical, mechanical, hydraulic,

chemical, gravitational, pneumatic, kinetic, and stored or residual energies

Adhering to any isolation, lock-out-tag-out and permit to work procedure is imperative to

protect you from harm. Key principles you must observe include:

Only those trained, competent and authorised shall isolate fixed process plant

Complying to the site’s Isolation requirements at all times

Validating the isolation and energy state of any item being worked on, with your Supervisor of Manager, prior to commencing work

Providing regular updates on the isolation status with those in the vicinity and between shifts or different workgroups



Noise

Excessive noise exists in many work environments and there are things you can do to

minimise your exposure, these include:

Report any increase in the noise levels of plant or equipment in your work area

Wear, and look after, any personal hearing protection provided for your use

Consider your work practices and how it impacts on those around you


Safe Use of Power Tools

The starting point to the safe use of power tools is

ensuring you establish a Safe Work Area

Keep your work area clean and well lit. Cluttered benches and dark areas invite incidents

Power tools can generate heat and create sparks. Do not operate in explosive atmospheres, near flammable liquids, gases, or other combustible materials

Unless required for the task, keep others away when using any power tool. Distractions can cause you to lose control


Safe Use of Power Tools (cont)

Suggestions about working safely with Leads and

Extension Leads:

Use lead hooks and lead stands to route leads off

the ground and away from pedestrian routes

Always protect leads using lead covers across road

or walk ways

When using a power tool outside, only use double

insulated extension leads

Validate that Residual Current Devices (RCD)

protection is available, used and tested

Stop and Report and remove from service any

damaged or worn leads / appliances immediately


Safe Use of Power Tools (cont)

Personal Safety Awareness when using power tools is essential. Consider the

following suggestions:

Stay alert, and concentrate on the task. Ifinterrupted, switch the tool off before divertingyour attention

Never use tools when you are tired or under theinfluence of drugs, alcohol, or medication

Dress right. Loose clothes, gloves, jewellery, orlong hair can be caught in moving parts such aslathes, drill presses etc.

Keep handles dry, clean and free from oil and grease

Be sure the power tool is switched OFF before plugging it in or inserting a battery pack

Always remove adjusting keys and wrenches before turning the tool ON

Always Stop and Report any risks or hazards your may encounter

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