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T +34 956855957 F + 34 956855911 E [email protected] W www.geciweb.com www.gecilevante.com
Construction
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT PLANB o n r i k i I n t e r n a t i o n a l
A i r p o r t ( T R W )
mcttd/G/NAV-AIDS-01NAVIGATIONAL AIDS & AIRFIELD GROUND LIGHTING (AGL)
V.1/14.04.2015
GECI Ref.: GE478D4778 Project No.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 ID Doc.: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW Customer: MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS, TRANSPORT &
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT / KIRIBATI
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GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 1
Revision History
VERSION DATE DESCRIPTION RESPONSIBLE
A 14/04/15 Initialversion LorenzoM.Ramírez
B 09/05/16 Modification LorenzoM.Ramírez
C 06/10/16 FurtherChanges LorenzoM.Ramírez
D 11/10/16 MinorChanges LorenzoM.Ramírez
E 13/1/2017 Modification TanveerR.Sahoo
*Thisdocumentisbasedinthe“EnvironmentalManagementPlan‐TarawaInternationalAirport(TRW)FinalDraft”preparedbyAECOMNewZealandLimited
GECIEspañolaS.A.
ParqueTecnológicoBahiadeCádiz,Parcela29.1500ElPuertodeSantaMaría.CADIZ,EspañaT+34956855957F+34956855911Egeci@geciweb.comWwww.geciweb.comwww.gecilevante.com
Thisdocumentisprotectedbytherelevantcopyright.
Prior permission from GECI Española S.A. is required for reproduction, copying, publication,transferordisclosure.
SIGNATURE CONTROL
ConfidentialDocument/PropertyofGECI
Thisdocumentandthedata itcontainsmustnotbecopied,usedordisclosedtoanythirdparties,either totally or partially, for any purpose other than evaluating the proposal contained herein.However,ifacontractisdrawnuponthebasisofthisproposal,orasaresultof(orinconnectionwith)thesubmittalofthisproposal,thecustomershallbeentitledtocopy,useormakepublicthedataandinformation,asauthorisedbythetermsofthecontract.Thisrestrictiondoesnotimplyanylimitationtouseoftheinformationanddatacontainedinthisdocumentiftheyhavebeenobtainedfromanothersource.Therestricteddataonallpagesofthisdocumentisconfidential.
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ACTION NAMEANDSURNAME DATE SIGNATURE
Drawnupby: LorenzoM.RamírezPérez
Checkedby: DanielJiménezRandell
Approvedby: DanielJiménezRandell
DISTRIBUTION LIST
VERSIONEXTERNAL
DISTRIBUTIONSUPPORT VERSION
INTERNAL
DISTRIBUTIONSUPPORT
PAPER DIGITAL PAPER DIGITAL
NOTE:Usersreceivingthedocumentviaelectronicdocumentmanagement(EDM)areindicatedinthedocumentworkflow.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPT
VERSION ORGANISATION/DEPARTMENT/ADDRESSEE DATE SIGNATURE
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TableofContent:
WHITE PAGE
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ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS .................................................................... 8
CONTACT INFORMATION .................................................................................................... 11 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................12
1.1. SCOPE OF cemp .................................................................................................... 12
1.1.1. OVERVIEW OF WORKS .......................................................................................................... 12
1.1.2. ROLES AND RESPONSABILITIES ............................................................................................. 13
1.2. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY ..................................................................................... 13
1.3. COMPLAINTS AND INCIDENT REPORTING ............................................................... 14
1.4. RESPONSABILITIES ................................................................................................. 14 2. ENVIRONMENTALANDSOCIALENVIRONMENT.............................................................................16
2.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 16
2.1.1. LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 16
2.1.2. LAND USE ........................................................................................................................... 17
2.1.3. CLIMATE ............................................................................................................................. 18
2.1.4. SOILS AND GEOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 18
2.1.5. WATER RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 18
2.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................. 19
2.2.1. MARINE BIODIVERSITY ......................................................................................................... 19
2.2.2. TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY ................................................................................................. 20
2.2.3. RARE OR ENDANGERED SPECIES ........................................................................................... 20
2.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ........................................................................... 21
2.3.1. POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS ...................................................................................... 21
2.3.2. EDUCATION AND HEALTH ................................................................................................... 21
2.3.3. LIVELIHOODS AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ........................................................................... 22
2.3.4. LAND TENURE AND RIGHTS ................................................................................................. 22
2.4. PROJECTED CLIMATE CHANGES AND IMPACTS ....................................................... 23 3. POLICY,LEGALANDADMINISTRATIONFRAMEWORK................................................................24
3.1. NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................... 24
3.2. regional requirements ........................................................................................... 25
3.3. INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS .............................................................................. 26
3.4. WORLD BANK POLICY ............................................................................................ 26 4. ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENTAPPROACH................................................................................27
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4.1. Interlinkages with others documents ..................................................................... 27
4.2. Staff Resourcing, Competence, Organisation and Reporting Structure ................... 28
4.3. Implementation .................................................................................................... 28
4.3.1. Method Statements ............................................................................................................. 28
4.3.2. WORK INSTRUCTIONS (WIS) ................................................................................................. 28
4.4. Checking and corrective action ............................................................................. 28
4.4.1. Monitoring and reporting .................................................................................................... 28
4.4.2. Environmental inspections, audits and registers .................................................................. 29
4.4.3. Compliance and non-conformance/corrective action report ................................................ 29
5. PROJECTDESCRIPTION.................................................................................................................................29
5.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYSICAL WORKS ................................................................. 29
5.1.1. CIVILWORKS ........................................................................................................................... 30
5.1.2. PAPIINSTALLATION ................................................................................................................... 32
5.1.3. UPSINSTALLATION .................................................................................................................... 32
5.1.4. NDBINSTALLATION .................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.5. AWOSINSTALLATION ................................................................................................................. 34
5.1.6. VHFINSTALLATION .................................................................................................................... 35
5.1.7. GENERATORCONTAINER ............................................................................................................... 36
5.2. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY .......................................................................... 37
5.2.1. Method statements ............................................................................................................. 37
5.2.2. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................ 37
5.2.3. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................... 37
5.2.4. AGGREGATE SUPPLY ............................................................................................................ 38
5.2.5. CONSTRUCTION LAY DOWN AREAS ...................................................................................... 38
6. ENVIRONMENTALANDSOCIALIMPACTS...........................................................................................39
6.1. OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS ......................................................................................... 39
6.2. PRECAUTION / MATIGATION MEASURES ................................................................ 40
6.3. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ................ 40
6.4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .................................................................................... 41
6.4.1. SOLID WASTE ...................................................................................................................... 41
6.4.2. WATER RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 41
6.4.3. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ..................................................................................................... 41
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6.4.4. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ..................................................................................................... 41
6.4.5. Noise and Vibration ............................................................................................................ 41
6.4.6. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL ..................................................................................... 42
6.4.7. AIR EMISSIONS .................................................................................................................... 42
6.4.8. TRAFFIC AND AIRPORT OPERATIONS ................................................................................... 42
6.4.9. WASTEWATER DISCHARGES ................................................................................................. 42
6.4.10. BIOSECURITY ....................................................................................................................... 42
6.4.11. Coastal and Marine Environment Impacts ............................................................................ 43
6.5. SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................................................... 43
6.5.1. HEALTH AND SAFETY .......................................................................................................... 43
7. MITIGATIONMEASURES..............................................................................................................................43
7.1. AGGREGATE, MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT IMPORTATION ...................................... 44
7.2. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE USE, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ........................................ 44
7.3. SAFETY AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 44
7.4. STORMWATER AND WATER MANAGEMENT ............................................................. 44
7.5. CONCRETE PLANT ................................................................................................. 45
7.6. CONSTRUCTION CAMP .......................................................................................... 45
7.7. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL ....................................................................... 46
7.8. WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ................................................................................. 46
7.9. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................. 47
7.10. MARINE AND COASTAL SPECIFIC MITIGATION MEASURES ....................................... 47 8. MONITORINGFRAMEWORK.......................................................................................................................47
8.1. Monitoring Objectives ........................................................................................... 47
8.2. MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................................... 48
8.3. MONITORING PLAN REPORTING ............................................................................. 52
8.4. Non-Conformance, Incident and Corrective Action Reporting ................................ 53 ANNEXA..................................................................................................................................................................................57
PLANSANDDETAILEDDESIGNS.................................................................................................................................57
ANNEXB...................................................................................................................................................................................58
SCHEDULEOFEQUIPMENT............................................................................................................................................58
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ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS
AllacronymsandabbreviationsusedintheEnvironmentalManagementPlanarelistedbelow.
ºC DegreesCelsius
ACM AsbestosContainingMaterial
ADS‐B AutoDependentSurveillance–Broadcast
ARFF AirportRescueandFireFighting
AST AbovegroundStorageTank
ATC(ATCT) AirTrafficControl(AirTrafficControlTower)
ATR Twin‐engineturbopropshort‐haulregionalaircraftbuiltbytheFrench‐ItalianaircraftmanufacturerATR
AWS AutomaticWeatherStation
BEIA BasicEnvironmentalImpactAssessment
BTC BetioTownCouncil
BTEX Benzene,Toluene,Ethylbenzene,andXylenes
CAD CivilAviationDirectorate
CategoryB World Bank categorised projects with potential limited adverse social orenvironmentalimpactsthatarefewinnumber,site‐specific,largelyreversible,andreadilyaddressedthroughmitigationmeasures.
CGI CombustibleGasIndicator
CLSM ControlledLowStrengthMaterial
CXI CassidyInternationalAirport
DME DistanceMeasuringEquipment
EA ExecutingAgencies
ECD EnvironmentConservationDivisionoftheMinistryofEnvironment,LandandAgricultureDevelopment
EHS Environmental,HealthandSafety
EMP EnvironmentalManagementPlan
ESA EnvironmentallySignificantActivities
ESAT EnvironmentallySafeAggregatesforTarawa
ESD EnvironmentallySustainableDesign
ESMF EnvironmentalandSocialManagementFramework
ETC EutanTarawaCouncil
FTC KiribatiFisheriesTrainingCentre
GECI: GECIEspañolaS.A.
GoK GovernmentofKiribati
GoT GovernmentofTaiwan
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HAT HighestAstronomicalTide
HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon
HIV/AIDS HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus/AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome
IA ImplementingAgency
IATA InternationalAirTransportationAssociation
ICAO InternationalCivilAviationOrganisation
IFC InternationalFinanceCorporation
IPCC IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange
IUCN InternationalUnionforConservationofNature
JSS JuniorSecondarySchool
KAIP KiribatiAviationInvestmentProject
KANGO KiribatiAssociationofNon‐GovernmentalOrganisations
KAP KiribatiAdaptationProject
KIT KiribatiInstituteofTechnology
km kilometre
KPI KiribatiPastoralInstitute
KPC KiribatiProtestantChurch
KTC KiribatiTeachers’College
LED LightEmittingDiode
LNAPL Light,Non‐aqueousPhaseLiquid
m/m2/m3 Metre/squaremetres(area)/cubicmetres(volume)
maneaba Acommunity’scentralmeetinghousewherecommunalconcernsarediscussed,anddecisionstakenaboutmattersthataffectthewholecommunity.
MCTTD MinistryofCommunication,TransportandTourismDevelopment
MELAD MinistryofEnvironment,LandandAgricultureDevelopment
MOWP MethodofWorksPlan
MPWU MinistryofPublicWorksandUtilities
NGO Non‐GovernmentalOrganisation
NZAid NewZealandGovernment’sAidProgramme
NZBC NewZealandBuildingCode
NZCAA NewZealandCivilAviationAuthority
OLS ObstacleLimitationSurface
PAH PolycyclicAromaticHydrocarbon
PAIP PacificAviationInvestmentProgram
PAPI PrecisionApproachPathIndicator
PCN PavementClassificationNumber
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PCCSP PacificClimateChangeScienceProgram
PEO PrincipalEnvironmentOfficer
PIB ProjectInformationBulletin
PID PhotoionizationDetector
PMU ProjectManagementUnit
PPE PersonalProtectionEquipment
PV Photovoltaic
PVC PolyvinylChloride(typeofplastic)
RAP ResettlementActionPlan
RESA RunwayEndSafetyArea
RPF ResettlementPolicyFramework
SIT SeriesIsolationTransformer
SPREP SouthPacificRegionalEnvironmentalProgram
Stakeholder Project stakeholders are all people directly or indirectly, negatively orpositively impacted by the project; that are important to make the projectsuccessful,orthatmayopposetheprojectorthathaveavestedinterest.
TPH TotalPetroleumHydrocarbon
TFSU Technical and Fiduciary Services Unit responsible for coordinatingimplementationacrossallactivitiesforthePAIP.TheTFSUisbasedatTongaAirportsLtdandiscomprisedoffiduciary,procurementandtechnicalstaff.TheTFSU leads the procurement activities on the PAIP, with inputs from thecountries(Kiribati,TongaandTuvalu).
TMP TrafficManagementPlan
TTC TangintebuTheologicalCollege
TOR TermsofReference
TRW BonrikiInternationalAirport
TUC TeinainanoUrbanCouncil
UHF/VHF Ultra‐HighFrequency/VeryHighFrequency
UXO UnexplodedOrdnance
VOC VolatileOrganicCompound
WB WorldBank
WHO WorldHealthOrganization
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CONTACT INFORMATION
ThefollowingpeoplehavebeenexpresslyauthorizedbyGECIEspañolaS.A.toactonbehalfofthecompany for all issues connected with this report. These people will provide you with anyclarificationsyoumayrequireandwillbeavailabletohelpyouatalltimes.
GECISpainManagement ProjectCoordinator
DanielJimenezRandell
ProjectsandSalesVice‐President
Tel:+34956855957Ext.223
Fax:+34956855911
Email:[email protected]
GECIEspañolaS.A.
Parq.Tec.BahiadeCadiz,Parcela29
11500ELPto.Sta.Mª,Cadiz,Spain
LorenzoM.Ramírez
ProjectCoordinator
Tel:+34956855957Ext.255
Fax:+34956855911
Email:[email protected]
GECIEspañolaS.A.
Parq.Tec.BahiadeCadiz,Parcela29
11500ELPto.Sta.Mª,Cádiz,Spain
QualityManager
LauraGarcía
QualityManager
Tel:+34956855957Ext.259
Fax:+34956855911
Email:[email protected]
GECIEspañolaS.A.
Parq.Tec.BahíadeCádiz,Parcela29
11500ELPto.Sta.Mª,Cádiz,Spain
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. SCOPE OF CEMP
ThisConstructionEnvironmentalManagementPlan(CEMP)isasummaryofenvironmentalandoperationalmanagementplansthatwillbedevelopedforworksthatwillbeundertakenbyGECIEspañola S.A. (or its sub‐contractor) during the construction and installations phases of theAirfieldLightingandAirNavigationAidssystemsprojectedfortheBonrikiInternationalAirportinTarawa,Kiribatiunderthecontract“MCTTD/G/NAVAIDS‐01”.
It’sadynamicdocumenttobeupdatediftherearechangestotheprojectscope,detaileddesigns,oriffurtherinformationbecomesavailableasaresultofconsultationwithstakeholdersandthegeneralpublic.
TheobjectiveoftheCEMPistoprovideaframeworkformanagingtheairportupgradeworksinamannerthatincorporatestheprinciplesofenvironmentsustainabilitywhileminimisingadverseeffects on the local community and environment and meeting the requirements of ourEnvironmentalManagementSystemaccordingtoISO14001.Todothisitisnecessary:
Complywithalloftheproject‐specificenvironmentalobligationsandassurances, Identifyrolesandresponsibilitiesoftheenvironmentalmanagementteam Identifymonitoringandreportingrequirements Ensurelegalandcontractualcompliance ComplywiththePacificAviationInvestmentProgram(PAIP)BasicEnvironmental
ImpactAssessment‐BonrikiInternationalAirport(TRW)FinalDraft Expandandupdatethroughoutthetermofthecontracttoreflectchangesinsite
conditionsandweather‐dependentcontingencymeasures.
TheCEMPwillguidethedevelopmentofenvironmentalworkplansforconstruction/installationactivitiesandanyrequiredsite‐specificmanagementplans,andwillprovideeffectiveenvironmentalprotectionduringtheconstructionandoperationsphasesoftheProject.
1.1.1. OVERVIEW OF WORKS
ThescopeoftheworksatBonrikiInternationalAirportincludes:
‐ AirfieldLighting: NewWindDirectionIndicators(WDI)forRunways09&27 ReplacementPrecisionApproachPathIndicator(PAPI)installationforapproachto
Runway09 NewPAPIforapproachtoRunway27
‐ AirNavigationAids: NewUninterruptiblePowerSupply(UPS) Non‐DirectionalBeacon(NDB) NewAutomaticWeatherStation(AWS) NewAirTraffic(ATC)RadioInstallations(VHF)
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‐ AncillaryWorks: NewstandbyDieselGenerator Ductingandcabling Supports,plinthsandassociatedstructures
More information of the scope is detailed in the document “478D478‐SD‐01.E‐TRW_SystemDesignDocument”.
1.1.2. ROLES AND RESPONSABILITIES
TheMCTTDisresponsiblefordeliveryoftheKAIPproject(includingallcomponents), fundingreceivedandcontractsawardedundertheKAIP.MCTTDistheImplementingAgencyinregardsto funding received fromdonors including theWB.AProjectManagementUnit (PMU)withinMCTTDhasbeenestablishedtoundertakethedaytodaymanagementoftheproject.AspectsofthemonitoringrequiredbytheCEMPwillbeundertakenbyMCTTD.TheimplementationofthisCEMPistheresponsibilityofGECI.Thediagrambelowshowsthereportingandresponsibilitiesfor thisCEMP.TheECDhasa statutory responsibility to respond topollution complaints, andensuringimpactsaremanagedaspertheCEMP.
1.2. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
MCTTDwillrequireenvironmentalawarenesstrainingformonitoringtheContractors.PersonnelfromtheMPWUwillworkalongsidetheContractorandResidentEngineertocapacitybuildandgain a better understanding of the type of runway surface seal being used and ongoingmaintenancerequirements.AtrainingbudgetmustbeputasidetoenablethiscapacitybuildingwiththeGovernmentdepartments.TheremayalsobeanopportunityforanOfficerfromtheECDto workwith the Contractor’s environmental officer. It understood that noisemeters will berequired.
GECI
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1.3. COMPLAINTS AND INCIDENT REPORTING
AllcomplaintsandincidentsshouldbereferredtotheSupervisionConsultant’sProjectOfficer(ordesignated staff) for undertaking complaint/incident investigation procedures. All complaintsmustbeacknowledgedwiththecomplainantwithin24hours.Ingeneralthefollowingprocedureshouldbefollowed: Logcomplaint/incident,dateofreceiptandacknowledgecomplaintreceipt,andgenderof
complainant Investigatethecomplaint/incidenttodetermineitsvalidityandtoassessthesourceofthe
problem Identifyandundertakeanyactionrequired,communicateresponseactiontocomplainant
(ifrequestedbycomplainant) Logthedateofresolution Report thecomplaint inmonthlymonitoringreport includingactions,resolutionstatus
andanyoutstandingactionsrequired.Signageatsitewillbedisplayedoutliningthecomplaintsprocedureandcontactdetailsformakingcomplaints.
1.4. RESPONSABILITIES
The responsibilities for environmental management during the construction phase anddescriptionsofthekeyindividualsaredescribedinthefollowingparagraphs.
Othergeneralresponsibilitiesandtasksofthe involvedpeoplearedescribedinthedocument:“478D478‐QL‐05.C_ManagementTeam”.
1.4.1.1. MCCTD/AECOMPROJECTENVIRONMENTALMANAGER
TheClient’sEnvironmentalManagerwouldberesponsibleformonitoringtheperformanceoftheproject against statutory requirements and the agreed objectives and targets. Duties wouldinclude:
ReviewandapprovetheCEMP,preparedbyGECI,andspecialistproceduresandidentifyanyareasforimprovement.
Identifytheenvironmentalcompetenceofallcontractors(andsub‐contractors)workingontheproject.
Review method statements for environmental aspects and advise of any suggestedimprovementspriortoworkstarting.
MonitorconstructionactivitiestoensurethatidentifiedandappropriatecontrolmeasuresareeffectiveandincompliancewiththeCEMP.
Act as a main point of contact between GECI and the MCTTD’s project team onenvironmentalissues.
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1.4.1.2. GECI’SPROJECTENVIRONMENTALMANAGER
Theprojectenvironmentalmanagerwouldberesponsibleforcoordinatingandmanagingalltheenvironmentalactivitiesduringtheconstruction/installationphase.Theprojectenvironmentalmanagerwouldcarryoutthefollowingduties:
Develop and review the CEMP, Method Statements, Quality Plan and other specialistprocedures
Identifyenvironmentalcompetencerequirementsforallstaffworkingontheprojectandensuredeliveryofenvironmentaltrainingtopersonnelwithintheprojectteam.
Reviewandimprovemethodstatementsforenvironmentalaspectspriortoworkstarting. Monitor construction activities performance to ensure that identified and appropriate
controlmeasuresareeffectiveandensurecompliancewiththeCEMP. Act as main point of contact between the regulatory authorities and the project on
environmentalissues. In conjunction with the site environmental representative, overall monitoring of the
programmefortheenvironmentalworks,andprovisionofstatusreportsasnecessary. Provisionofadviceandliaisonwiththeconstructionteamstoensurethatenvironmental
risksareidentifiedandappropriatecontrolsaredevelopedandincludedwithinmethodstatements.
Assistanceinthedevelopmentanddeliveryofenvironmentaltrainingforsitepersonnelandsubcontractors
Liaisonwiththeclientsenvironmentalmanager Liaisonwiththeproject’spublicliaisonofficer Managementoftheenvironmentalmonitoringprogramme,includingnoise,vibrationand
dustandreviewoftheroutinereports Environmentalauditofsubcontractorsandsuppliers
1.4.1.3. GECI’SSITEENGINEER
TheGECI’ssiteengineerwouldreporttotheprojectmanagerandwouldbedirectlyinvolvedinmanagingandcoordinatingenvironmentalactivitieson‐site.Thesewouldinclude:
AssistenvironmentalmanagerindevelopingandmaintainingtheCEMP,MSandvariousregistersandchecklists.
MonitorconstructionactivitiestoensurethatidentifiedandappropriatecontrolmeasuresareeffectiveandincompliancewiththeCEMP.
Undertakeweeklysiteinspections,initiateactions,andcompleteaweeklyenvironmentalinspectionreport.
Provideadviceandassistancetositepersonnelonenvironmentalmatters. AssistGECI’ssubcontractorsiteforemaninmaintainingenvironmentalrecords. Assistininvestigatingandresolvingcomplaints. Undertakemonitoringwhenrequired. Ensurecorrectproceduresarefollowedintheeventofanenvironmentalincident. Dissemination of waste reduction and waste management procedures to all relevant
personnelonsite
1.4.1.4. GECI’SSUB‐CONTRACTORSITEFOREMAN
Theforemanwillreportonenvironmentalactivitiestothesiteengineerandwillberesponsibleforthefollowing:
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Implementandmaintainenvironmentalcontrolsonsite. Attendtoanyspillsorenvironmentalincidentthatmayoccuronsite. Reportanyactivitythathasresulted,orhasthepotentialtoresult,inanenvironmental
incidentimmediatelytothesiteengineer/environmentalmanager. Ensurecorrectwastemanagementproceduresarebeingimplemented.
1.4.1.5. EMPLOYEES
AllemployeesengagedontheConstruction/Installationtasks,ofGECIohissubcontractors,arerequiredtooperatewithintherequirementsofthisCEMP.
2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
2.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
2.1.1. LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY
Kiribatiisscatteredoverthreeislandgroups,theGilbertGroup,thePhoenixGroup,andtheLineGroupandstretchessome4,000kmlocatedbetweenLongitude170degreesEastand150degreesWest in the Central Pacific Ocean, on either side of the equator. See Figure 6 for the generallocationofKiribatiandamapoftheislands.ThethreegroupsofislandsarecoralatollswiththeexceptionofBanabawhichisaraisedlimestoneisland.Ofthe33islandscomprisingKiribationly21 are inhabited. The country has two international airports, operating from Tarawa Island(BonrikiInternationalAirport)andKiritimatiIsland(CassidyInternationalAirport).
KiribatilocationmapandIslands
Kiribati’sexclusiveeconomiczone(areaoftheoceaninwhichitcontrolsfishingandotherrights)coversmorethan3millionkm2.
TheGilbertGroupwhichiscomprisedof17islandshasatotallandareaof286km2.Tarawa,anatoll in this group, is home of the Kiribati government, the main port of entry, the maininternationalairport,andisKiribati’scapital.
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MapofTarawashowingthevillages;SouthTarawafromBetiotoBuotaandNorthTarawafromBuotatoBuariki
OnSouthTarawa,theconstructionofcausewayshascreatedasinglestripoflandfromBetiointhewesttoBuotainthenortheast.Tarawahasalargelagoon,ofover500km2,andawidereef.TRWislocatedbythevillageofBonrikionthesoutheasternsideoftheatoll.MostofSouthTarawaislessthan3metersabovesealevelwithanaveragewidthofonly450meters.
2.1.2. LAND USE
LandatTRWisprimarilyleasedfromsome300plusindividuallandowners.Leaseagreementsareforaperiodof99years,withapproximately40yearsremainingonexistingleases.Thelandwhere the terminal and car park are located has been under dispute in recent years with aresolutionreachedin2013.TheGovernmentwillbepayingtheleaseincludingarrears fortheterminalandcarparkland.Locallandownersclaimedtheterminalandcarparkarenotincluded
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incurrentleaseagreementsandtheGovernmentclaimedthatthelandwasnaturallyreclaimedasaresultoftheBonrikicausewayconstructedinthe1970’s.
The northern side of the runway is designated water reserve protection area. Gardens andrudimentarysheltersdirectlyadjacent to theairport leasedareawereobservedasweremoresubstantialhomesanddevelopmentatthenortheasternendoftherunway(partofTeKawaiaeBoou, a division of Bonriki village). On the north western side of the runway aresaltwater/brackishwaterponds.Thesoutheasternandwesternsideof therunway isBonrikivillagewiththeapron,terminalandcarparkextendingbetweentheeasternandwesternsideofthevillage.Beyondthevillageandterminalarefishfarmaquacultureponds(milkfish).
Atthewesternendoftherunwayisthelagoon(approximately90mfromedgeofrunway)andtheoceanattheeasternendoftherunway(approximately18mfromtheclosestedgeoftherunway).Seawallshavebeenconstructedintwoareasattheeasternend.Thefirstisonthenorthernsideof the runway, and the second is at the endof the runway (eastern end). The seawall on thenorthernsideisaconcretesandbagconstruction.Erosionisoccurringatthenorthernendofthisseawall(refertoFigure8).Theroadthatgoesaroundtheeasternendoftherunwayisadjacenttothiserodedareaandtherunwaypavementisapproximately40msouth.
TheseawallattheeasternendoftherunwayismoresubstantialandwasconstructedaspartoftheKiribatiAdaptationProgram.Howeverduringhigh tidewaveswereobservedovertoppingthisseawall.
2.1.3. CLIMATE
Tarawa has a tropical climate which is hot and humid and moderated by trade winds, mostcommonarethenortheasterliesandeasterlies.Theaveragehightemperatureis31ºCandtheaverageminimumtemperatureis25ºC.
AveragerainfallincentralTarawaisover2,000mm(White,2011).DroughtconditionsareusuallyassociatedwithLaNinaconditions.Rainfall isusuallyhigher fromDecemberthroughtoApril,withSeptemberandOctoberbeingthedriestmonths.Tarawaisnotoftenhitbycycloneshoweverstormsurgesareexperiencedfrequentlyoftencausingextensivefloodingandstrongwinds.
2.1.4. SOILS AND GEOLOGY
Likeothercoralatollsandislands,thenatureofthesoilisderivedfromlimestonewhichhasbeenformedasaresultofcoralformationoverthousandsofyears.Thepoorandinfertilenatureofthesoilisduetoitsalkalinity,porosityandlackofessentialelementswhichlimitsitsabilitytosupportplantlife.Consequently,itisincapableofsupportingintensiveagriculturalactivities.
Thetopsoilisthinlyspreadovermostoftheareawithplantcoverandotherareascoveredwithwildbushes.Duetotheirabilitytowithstandtheharshatollconditionsthepredominantplantsspeciesthatsurvivearecoconuts(Cocosnucifera),pandanusorscrewpine(Pandanustectorius),saltbush(Scaevolasericea),andothertolerantindigenousplantsandtrees.
2.1.5. WATER RESOURCES
Freshwater resourcesonTarawacome fromtwomain freshwater lenses thatsupplywater tomosthouseholds.ThetwolensescomefromBuotaandBonriki.Freshwaterlensesoverlaytheunderground denser saltwater. Freshwater lenses are usually shallow convex shaped waterdeposits which are readily influenced by rainfall and the tides. Atoll freshwater lenses areparticularlyvulnerabletosaltwaterintrusionandanthropogenicpollution(e.g.sewage)andthe
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Tarawafreshwaterlensesarenoexception.TheBonrikifreshwaterlensisgenerallybetween1to2mbelowgroundlevelandcanbeupto30mdeep.
ThehighlyporousnatureofthesoilsinTarawaallowsforrechargeofthefreshwaterlenshowevercompaction and increased areasof impermeable surfaces (e.g. roadsorbuildings) can greatlyaffecttherechargecapabilityofthecatchment.TheGovernmentofKiribatihavedeclaredwaterreserveprotectionareasovertheBonrikiandBuotafreshwaterlensinordertobettermanagethecatchmentareas.TRWislocatedwithintheBonrikifreshwaterlenscatchment.
The water reserve catchment areas have infiltration galleries throughout the catchment topromoterechargeofthefreshwaterlensandalsoallowforextractionbyskimmingfreshwaterfromthesurfaceofthefreshwaterlens2.Thesegallerieswillhaveapumpstationforextractionandoramonitoringboreforcollectingwaterqualitysamples.
Bonrikiwaterreservecatchmentinfiltrationgalleriesandmonitoringborelocations
Due to supplyandwaterqualitypressuresonTarawa’s freshwater resourceswaterefficiencymeasuresandrainwaterharvestingaretobeincorporatedintotheterminaldesign.DuringtheconstructionphasetheContractorwillberesponsibleforsecuringawatersupplywhichdoesnotadverselyaffectthecommunity’sfreshwaterreserves(e.g.theirownmobiledesalinationplantandadditionalrainwaterharvesting).Thereisalimitedreticulatedwatersupplytohouseholds.
2.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
2.2.1. MARINE BIODIVERSITY
ThecoastalareasofKiribatiarecharacterizedbywhitesandybeaches,reef flats, reefpatches,lagoons,mangrove forests, extensive reefmud flats and sea grassbeds.Theseareas containa
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variety of habitats, numerous ecosystems and marine organisms. The coastal areas supportfishing,recreation,tradeandcommunication.ThemarineenvironmentisacriticalandstrategicresourceforKiribatiasitprovidesthemainstayforsubsistence.
Mangroveforestsdoexistonthelagoonforeshore.Replantingeffortsarealsounderwaytore‐establishmangrovesalongtheairportcausewayroad.MangroverehabilitationisundertakenbytheGovernment(MELADandMinistryofEducation,YouthandSports)withassistancefromtheInternational Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (headquarters in Japan) and theWorld Bankfundedproject,KiribatiAdaptationProject(KAP). It includesplantingofmangrove inselectedareaspronetocoastalerosionandinareastoprotectcauseways.SeveraltypesofmangrovesarefoundinKiribatinamelythewhitemangroves(Sonneratioalba),thetongobuangui(Bruguieragymnorhiza),teaitoa(Lumnitzeralittores),andtheredmangrove(Rhizophorastylosa).
Whiletheairportsiteislocatedclosetothelagooninsomeplaces(lessthan50m)thereshouldbenoimpactonthelagoonmangroveforestsorreplanting.Wastewaterfromsiteactivitieswillbecapturedfordischargetoland(ortreatment)andwillnotbeallowedtoflowdirectlyintothelagoonorocean.
Aggregates will be imported from Fiji. The project will also take necessary precautions andmeasurestoensurethattheconstructionactivitieswillnotpollutethelagoonenvironment.
2.2.2. TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY
SouthTarawaisadenselypopulatedlandmasswhichhasundergonesignificantanthropogenicchanges.Therearenonatural forestsofmajorsignificance intermsofsize,ageandbiologicaldiversity near the airport on South Tarawa. Food crop trees of coconut (Cocos nucifera),breadfruit (Artocarpus sp), andpandanus (Pandanus tectorius)dominate the landscape as dopapaya(Caricapapaya)andotherfruittrees.Decorativespecieswhichalsofeatureprominentlyare casuarinas (Casuarina equisetifolia), hibiscus (Hibiscus sp), flame tree (Delonix regia) saltbush(Scaevolasericea)andterminalia(Terminaliasp).
ThevegetationcoverofSouthTarawahas littlebiodiversityconservationsignificanceandhasbeenaffectedbythecontaminationofthefreshwaterlenseswithsaltwaterandsubsidencecropsrequirecarefulcultivationandapplicationofcompostandnutrientstosustainthecrops.Whilethevegetationcoverhaslittlebiodiversityconservationsignificancethevegetationthatdoesexistneedstobepreservedasfoodsourcesandprovidingshade.
2.2.3. RARE OR ENDANGERED SPECIES
The2008InternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)RedListidentifiedatotalof88speciesinKiribatiwhicharethreatened.Noneofthespeciesidentifiedasthreatenedareendemicandnospecieshavebeenidentifiedasextinct.Atotalof488specieswereassessedand6bird,1mammal,7fish,73invertebratesand1reptilespecieswereidentifiedasbeingthreatened.TheIUCN regard the threatened status of animals and plants as one of themost useful signs forassessing theconditionofanecosystemand itsbiodiversity.TheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies™(IUCNRedList)iswidelyrecognizedasthemostcomprehensive,apoliticalapproachforassessingandmonitoring thestatusofbiodiversity.Thegreensea turtle,hawksbill turtle,bayshark,andtheleatherbackturtleareendangered.
Asstatedthelocationoftheairportisnotnearanybiologicalconservationareasandislocatedwithin themost developed area of the country. However there is still potential for activities
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carriedoutinrelationtothisprojecttoencounterathreatenedspecies.Mitigationmeasurestodealwiththeseencountersin“MitigationMeasures”.
2.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
2.3.1. POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS
ThetotalpopulationofKiribati is103,058people(2010Census).SouthTarawahasanofficiallandareaof15.76km2andapopulationof50,182(52%female),givingapopulationdensityof3,184peopleperkm2howeverdensityisexpectedtobehigherthanthisduetonotallthe‘officiallandarea’beingavailableforresidentialdevelopment(e.g.roads,conservation,theairport).SouthTarawaexperienced4.4%growthbetweenthe2005and2010census.Thisgrowthisamixofimmigrationfromoutlyingislandsandbirths(2.26%contributiontoannualpopulationgrowth).Table1SouthTarawavillagepopulation(2010Census)
Village Population(2010)
Tanaea 279 Taborio 1,282
Bonriki** 2,355 Ambo 2,200
Temwaiku 3,135 Banraeaba 1,969
Causeway(Nawerewere) 2,054 Antebuka 1,087
Bikenibeu 6,568 Teaoraereke 4,171
Abarao 1,665 Nanikai 988
Eita 3,061 Bairiki 3,524
Tangintebu 89 Betio 15,755
**Thisvillageisadjacenttotheairport
2.3.2. EDUCATION AND HEALTH
Asthecapital,Tarawahaseducationfacilitiescateringforalllevelsofeducation,namelytertiary,secondary, junior secondary (JSS), primary and pre‐schools. A total of 12,195 children wereenrolled in the primary, JSS and secondary schools in South Tarawa in 2011, distributed asfollows:
Primaryschoolenrolmentswere6,442 Juniorsecondaryschoolenrolments3,143 Seniorsecondaryschoolenrolments2,610
SchoolenrolmentshavenotbeenincreasingwiththeSouthTarawapopulationincrease.
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AtsecondarylevelmanystudentstravelfromtheirhomeislandtoattendschoolinSouthTarawa,usuallystayingwithrelatives.SecondaryschoolingisnotcompulsoryinKiribatiandschoolfeesarehardtoaffordformanyfamilies.
Atthetertiarylevel,theUniversityoftheSouthPacifichasacampusatTeaoraereke.Therearealsoseveralvocationalschoolsincludinganinstituteoftechnology(KIT),maritimetrainingcentre(MTC),aFisheriesTrainingCentre(FTC),aPoliceAcademy,anursingschool,aKiribatiTeachers'College(KTC),aTangintebuTheologicalCollege(TTC)forMinisterialFormationintheChurchesatTangintebu,andapastoralinstitute(KPI)atTeaoraereke.
Themain hospital is at Nawerewere in Bikenibeu area. Betio has its own hospital while thepopulatedvillageshavetheirownclinics.FromBuotatoBairiki,thereare13clinics,andBetioalonehas7.Someoftheseclinicsarespecialclinicsforcertainailmentsorforcounselling.
Kiribatihasanextremelyhigh incidenceofwater‐bornediseaseswithan infantmortalityrateamongst the highest in the Pacific at 46 per 1,000 live births,which is attributed to infantilediarrhoea.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)andhealthofficialsreportanaverageofthreeoutbreaksofdiarrhoea annuallydirectly linked topoorwater supplies, inadequate sanitation,unsafepracticesandpoorpublichygiene.
2.3.3. LIVELIHOODS AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
The primary source of income in South Tarawa is from formal work (wage earners) butunemploymentandunderemploymentishigh.In2010only34%ofurbanpeopleover15yearsofage(thelabourforce)wereengagedincashwork.Oftheremainder,21%wereunemployed,5%wereengagedinvoluntaryorsubsistencework,and41%werenotinthelabourforce(thatistheywerestudying,retired,raisingchildrenorotherwisenotavailableforwork).Intotal, twothirds (66%)of adults (over15) inTarawa are eitheroutof the labour force,unemployedorengagedinsubsistenceactivities.
TheHouseholdExpenditure and Income survey showed that the averagehousehold on SouthTarawa earns $11,464 per year (including almost $4,000 “cash equivalent” for subsistenceactivitiesandimputedrent)butspent$13,149eachyearwithhalfofthisspendingbeingonfood.
2.3.4. LAND TENURE AND RIGHTS
ThelandtenuresysteminKiribatiiscomplexandinareaslikeSouthTarawaconflictregardingresourcesand“thepublicgood”abound.
Thereisanumberoflegislationthatseeminglyover‐lapregardinglandtenure,propertyrightsandlanduseplanningwithinKiribati.Landisownedbyfamilieswithallmembersofthefamilyhavingequalrightstobuildorcollectfoodfrom.The2010censusshowedthatonly50%ofSouthTarawa inhabitants own the land they occupy, 29% is Government leased (which includeGovernmentbuildings,sportsfields,smallindustry,port,airport,andpublichousing).
TheLandPlanningOrdinance1972,revised1977,establishestherightofGovernmenttosetasidedesignatedareas,aswasdonewitheffectfromOctober1979forthewholeofKiritimatiIsland(SubsidiaryLegislationtoSectionIII).
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2.4. PROJECTED CLIMATE CHANGES AND IMPACTS
ThePacificClimateChangeScienceProgram(PCCSP)(partoftheInternationalClimateChangeAdaptation Initiative)conductscritical climateresearchandcapacitybuilding inPacific Islandcountries. Information regarding climate change projectionswas obtained from the BoM andCSIRO (2011) Climate Change in the Pacific: Scientific Assessment andNewResearch (Vol. 2:CountryReports)producedbythePacificClimateChangeScienceProgram.
Kiribati, likemanyotherpacific atollnationsarealreadyexperiencing theeffectsof increasedtemperaturesandrisingsealevel.Sealevel(satellitedata)hasrisenby1to4mmperyearsince1993.SealeveldoesfluctuatethroughouttheyearparticularlyduringLaNinayearswhichtendto record warmer ocean temperatures. The annual mean air temperature (since 1950) hasincreasedbyapproximately0.184ºCperdecadeonTarawa.AnnualandseasonalrainfalldataforTarawahasnotshownanysignificanttrends(1950to2009).
Theprojected design life is 20 years for the runway, and50 years for the upgraded terminalstructure(orlessforspecificcomponentssuchascladding).Climatechangeprojectionsfor2030,2055 and 2090 (relative to 1990) were reviewed. The PCCSP report (as identified above)reviewedanumberofclimateprojectionmodelstodeterminethemostplausiblerepresentationsof future climate in the pacific under the three emission scenarios developed by theIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC).Thethreeemissionscenariosare:low(B1),medium(A1B)andhigh(A2),fortimeperiodsaround2030,2055and2090(refertofollowingfigurefordetailsofemissionscenarios).
Source:PCCSP,2011.CurrentandfutureclimateofKiribatiBrochure.KiribatiMeteorologicalService,AustralianBureauofMeteorologyandCSIRO.
Carbondioxide(CO2)concentrations(partspermillion,ppm)associatedwiththreeIPCCemissionsscenarios:lowemissions(B1–blue),mediumemissions(A1B–green)andhighemissions(A2–purple).ThePCCSPhasanalysedclimate
modelresultsforperiodscentredon1990,2030,2055and2090(shaded).
ThefollowingTablebelowshowstheprojectedchangesinannualaverageairtemperatureandsealevelfortheGilbertIslands(locationofTarawaisland)forthethreeemissionscenariosandthethreetimehorizons.Sealevelriseshouldbeconsideredwhenestablishingthedesignterminalfloorlevels,inconjunctionwiththeintendeddesignlifeandappropriatefreeboardrequirements.
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Source:PCCSP,2011.CurrentandfutureclimateofKiribatiBrochure.KiribatiMeteorologicalService,AustralianBureauof
MeteorologyandCSIRO.
Airtemperatureandsealevelriseprojectionsforthethreeemissionscenariosandthreetimeperiods
Intheshortterm(2030)theclimatemodelspredictionforrainfalldonotincrease(ordecrease)significantly,howeverby2090itisexpectedthatrainfallwill increase.Thereisonlymoderateconfidenceinthemodelsprediction.Thereishighconfidencethattheintensityandfrequencyofextremerainfalldaysareprojectedtoincrease.Asmostrunofffromraineventsgoestonaturalsoakagethisdoesnotimpactonthedetaileddesigns.
3. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATION FRAMEWORK
GECIwillcomplywithallapplicablelawsandwillcarryouttheappropriateproceduresduringtheprojectexecutionintermsofenvironmentalmanagementisconcerned.
3.1. NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Kiribati is a republicwith a constitution that was promulgated on 12 July 1979. There are anumberoflegislativeactsandregulationswhichpertaintotheupgradeworksattheairport.Themorerelevantpiecesoflegislationaredescribedbelow,thislistisnotexhaustive.
The Environment Act 1999 (2007 Amendments) is the primary environmental legislation ofKiribati which provides for the protection, restoration and enhancement of Kiribati’s natural,socialandculturalenvironment.TheActalsogivespowertotheECD(adivisionoftheMELAD)fortheadministrationoftheenvironmentincludingprovidingforsustainabledevelopmentandimplementing theEnvironmentRegulations (2009). TheAct outlines requirements for impactassessmentandstatementsrelatingtodevelopment.ApplicationsaretobemadetothePrincipalEnvironment Officer (PEO) for development approvals. This BEIA and CEMP addressrequirements of a Basic Environmental Impact Assessment (BEIA) required under theEnvironmentAct1999(asamendedin2007),PartIV,Section33(1).ThecompletedEnvironmentLicense application is included in Appendix G. At this stage the contractors for the differentcomponentsofworkhaveyettobeappointed.Thedetaileddesigns fortherunwaypavement,perimeterfenceandnavigationalaidsarecompleteandaredescribedinSection2.0.
Section49oftheEnvironmentAct1999(2007amendments)empowersenvironmentofficersasEnvironmentInspectorstoimplementandenforcetheEnvironmentActinKiribatiespeciallyon
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SouthTarawa.TheEnvironmentInspectorscarryoutpatrolsonillegalactivitiessuchassandandgravelmining and dumping of waste. They are also responsible for review and inspection ofproposedandongoingdevelopmentprojects,includingtheairportupgrades.
TheMELADarealsoresponsibleforadministeringtheBiosecurityAct2011whichcontrolsthemovementofplantsandanimalsandtheirproductsinordertopreventtheestablishmentandspreadofanimalandplantpestsanddiseasesthatcanharmhumanhealthandtheagriculturaleconomyofacountry.TheBiosecurityAct2011establishesaregimetocontroltheimportandexport of regulated pests and diseases (Parts 2, 3, 4 and 5). The biosecurity functions of theGovernmentaresetoutinsection6.ThekeyadministrativefeatureistheprovisioninPart10forthedesignationofaDirectorofBiosecurityandbiosecurityofficersforKiribati.
TheAerodromesandAirNavigationAidsOrdinance(1977)appliesto:(a)allaerodromes(areasof land orwater for the landing and taking off of aircraft) licensed under the Air Navigation(OverseasTerritories)Order1977,andallGovernmentaerodromes;(b)allairnavigationaidsestablished under section 4, and the sites upon which such aids are situated; and (c) allaerodromes,airnavigationaidsandthesitesthereoftowhichtheMinistermaybynoticeapplytheprovisionsof thisOrdinance. It allows for theGovernment to declare controlled areas forsecurityandsafetyaroundaerodromesandnavigationalaidsandconductmaintenanceasandwhenrequired.TheCivilAviationAct2004(basedonNewZealandlegislation)providesfortheadministrationandmanagementofthecivilaviationsector inKiribati includingdelegationsofauthority,functions,rules,licensingandsecurity.
The Mineral Development Licensing Ordinance 1977 makes provision for the licensing anddevelopmentofactivitiesrelatingtotheutilisationofKiribati’smineralresources.Developmentsrequiringminerals(therunwaypavementrehabilitationrequiresaggregate)tobesourcedwithinKiribatimustapplyforaMiningLicenseandwillneedaQuarryManagementPlaninsupportoftheMiningLicenseapplication.Aggregateforthisprojectwillmostlikelybesourcedoffshore(e.g.Fiji)fromalicensedsupplierandthusbesubjecttoquarantineandimportregulations.
The Wildlife Conservation Ordinance (1977) allows the Minister to declare areas as wildlifesanctuaries andprotection of specific animal and bird species.Within awildlife sanctuary nopersonshallhunt,killorcaptureanybirdorotheranimal(otherthanafish)orsearchfor,takeorwilfullydestroy,breakordamagetheeggsornestofanybirdorotheranimal.“Closedareas”arewildlifesanctuaryareaswhichareonlyaccessiblebylicenseholders,wildlifewardensandpublicofficers.TherearenowildlifesanctuariesorclosedareasonSouthTarawaandnonespecificallyneartheairport.
Landputasideforreserveshasthreemainpiecesoflegislation.TheRecreationalReservesAct1996allowsforlandownedorleasedbytheGovernmenttobereservedforrecreationalpurposesfortheuseandenjoymentofthepeopleofKiribati.TheProhibitedAreasOrdinance1957providesforcertainislandsandtheirterritorialwaterstobeprohibitedareas,setasideforconservationpurposes.TheClosedDistrictsAct1990allowsforpartsofislandstobedeclaredforconservationpurposes.
The Land Planning Ordinance (Cap.48, 1977) is the legal instrument that allows for thedesignationsoflandforspecificpurposes(e.g.waterreserveprotection)anddefinesagenerallanduseplanas“indicatingtheuseorclassofusetowhicheverypartofthelanddepictedthereonmaybepermittedtobeputonfordevelopmentorredevelopment”.
3.2. REGIONAL REQUIREMENTS
TheLocalGovernmentAct1984establisheslocalcouncils(alsonamedisland,townandurbancouncils) thathavepowers to regulate and administer anumber of functionsaroundutilities,
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agriculture,buildingsandtownplanningamongotherthings.InaccordancewiththislegislationTarawahasthreeadministrativecouncils:
BetioTownCouncil(orBTC),onBetioIslet; TeinainanoUrbanCouncil(orTUC),fromBairikitoBonriki(thisisthecouncilapplicable
totheprojectarea) EutanTarawaCouncil(orETC),forNorthTarawaorTarawaIeta(alltheisletsonthe
eastsidenorthofBonriki,includingBuotawhichislinkedbyroadtoSouthTarawa).
TRWiswithintheTeinainanoUrbanCouncil’sjurisdictionandsoanysolidwastemanagementissueswillneedtobeaddressedwiththisCouncil.
3.3. INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS
Kiribatiisalsoasignatorytoanumberofinternationalagreements.ListedbelowaresomeofthemoreapplicableagreementstothetypeofactivitiesoftheKAIP.Thislistisnotexhaustive.
ConventiontoBantheImportationintoForumIslandCountriesofHazardousandRadioactiveWasteandtoControltheTransboundaryMovementandManagementofHazardousWastewithintheSouthPacificregion.(AdoptedatWaigani,PNGon16September1995)
ConventionfortheProtectionoftheNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentoftheSouthPacificRegion(AdoptedatNoumea,NewCaledoniaon24November1986)andthe—
o ProtocolconcerningCooperationinCombatingPollutionEmergenciesintheSouthPacificRegion
o ProtocolforthePreventionofPollutionoftheSouthPacificRegionbyDumping AgreementEstablishingtheSouthPacificRegionalEnvironmentProgram(SPREP
Convention) StockholmConventiononPersistentOrganicPollutants(AdoptedatStockholmon23
May2001)
Therearealsoanumberof internationalstandardsandoperatingprocedures that theairportoperationsmustcomplywith(e.g.ICAOandCAANZ).
DuetotheproblemsregardingsolidwasteonKiribatiandtheneedtoexportallwaste,generatedbytheproject,notable tobereused locally theWaiganiConventionandBaselConventionareparticularlyrelevantandwillneedtobeadheredtoinpreparinghazardoussubstances(e.g.oldequipment) for shipping and final disposal at acceptable and licensed waste facilities. Theconventions outline the necessary information required for documents (notification andmovement)andagreementsthatneedtobeinplacewiththereceivingterritory.
3.4. WORLD BANK POLICY
TheKAIPisacategoryBprojectunderWBenvironmentalandsocialscreeningguidelinesandrequiresdevelopmentoftheprojectspecificCEMP.Duetothenatureoftheprojectitisexpectedthat environmental impacts will be site specific, few if any are irreversible, and mitigationmeasures can be readily designed and implemented. In accordance with theWB OperationalPolicy4.01EnvironmentalAssessment thisBEIAandEMP includes informationonmitigation,monitoring, capacitydevelopmentand training, and implementationcosts.TheBEIAandEMP
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outlines the potential environmental impacts and themeasures needed to prevent,minimise,mitigate or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance of theproject.
TheCEMPisadynamicdocumentwhichmustbeupdatedasconsultationanddetaileddesignsofthe project components are finalised to ensure currently unanticipated impacts and revisedmitigationmeasuresareaddressed.EffectiveimplementationoftheCEMPisarequirementofthefundingagenciesandlocallegislationsomonitoringisanintegralcomponentofimplementation.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT APPROACH
GECI has since 2005 an Environmental Management System based on ISO 14001:2004. Thissystem is integrated into a Management System with other standards (ISO 9001:2008, EN9100:2010,EN9120:2011,AQAP120).ThegeneralOBJECTIVESthatGECI intends tomeetbyapplyingthedirectivesdefineinitsManagementPolicyonadailybasisarethefollowing:
1. Makequalityanessentialelementofthecompany’sculture.2. Achieve the recognition and commitment of all GECI employees with the Company’s
ManagementPolicyanddevelopaparticipativeManagementSystemthattakesadvantageoftheabilitiesoftheentireworkforce.
3. Permanentlyoptimizealltheprocessestoreducethecostofthe“no‐quality”.4. DirectourIntegratedManagementSystemtowardscontinuousimprovement.5. The continuous improvement of preventive actions can only be achieve through
information,consultationandpersonalparticipation,atallcompanylevelsandclasses.6. Achieve a high level of safety and health at theworkplace bymeeting as aminimum,
currentlegislationregardingoccupationalsafetyandhealthprevention.7. Develop, apply and maintain a Prevention Management model aimed at constant
improvementoftheWorkingConditions.8. EnsureCompanyparticipationandinformationandmakeeffectivetherightofworkersto
askquestions.9. PollutionPreventionforprotectingtheenvironment.10. Usenaturalresourcesinarationalway.11. Promoteadequateuseandenergyconservation.12. Reducetheproductionofurbanaswellashazardousresiduesanddisposeormanagethe
properly.13. Complywiththelawsandregulationsapplicabletoitsactivitiesandinstallations.14. Promote the awareness and training of all personnel as well as partner companies
(suppliersandsubcontractors)intheunderstandingandacceptanceofthispolicyaswellastherestoftheEnvironmentalManagementSystem.
15. Periodicallyreviewthispolicytoupdateitwiththepurposeofestablishingandreviewingthegoalsandobjectives.
4.1. INTERLINKAGES WITH OTHERS DOCUMENTS
ThisplanshouldbereadinconjunctionwiththefollowingProjectDocumentation:
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478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_MethodStatements 478D478‐QL‐02_Health&SafetyPlan 478D478‐QL‐03_QualityPlan 478D478‐QL‐05.C_ManagementTeam 478D478‐QL‐07_SolidWasteManagementPlan
4.2. STAFF RESOURCING, COMPETENCE, ORGANISATION AND REPORTING STRUCTURE
Adequate staffing resourceswill be responsible ofmonitor and audit the effectiveness of theenvironmentalmanagementandprotectionprocedures.
Asimpleandfunctionalorganisationandreportingstructurewillbeestablishedthatreflectsthehierarchyof responsibility forenvironmentalmanagement.This isdocumented in thechapter“1.1.2ROLESANDRESPONSABILITIES”.
4.3. IMPLEMENTATION
4.3.1. METHOD STATEMENTS
This CEMP provides the project strategy for management of environmental issues and it’scomplementedwiththedocument“478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_MethodStatements”settingouttheoperational requirements for maintaining a functioning airport throughout the constructionprocessconstructionmethodologytothestaffinvolvedintheworks.
4.3.2. WORK INSTRUCTIONS (WIS)
Environmentalworkinstructions(WI’s)arethemostdetailedformofenvironmentalcontrolsandprovide“handson”directionsforon‐sitestaff.Theyarerelatedtospecificenvironmentalaspectson‐siteandprovideclearandconciseinstructiontositepersonnelindealingwithsituationssuchas:
Environmentalincidents(ifany) Adverseweatherconditions Complaints ControlsandcommitmentsdetailedintheEMP Atriggerpointcontainedintheenvironmentalinspectionchecklistorlog Generalgoodsitepractice
4.4. CHECKING AND CORRECTIVE ACTION
4.4.1. MONITORING AND REPORTING
MonitoringisanintegralpartoftheEMSasitestablisheshowtheprojectisperformingagainstobjectivesandtargetssetintheCEMP.Ascheduleandproceduresformonitoringandreportingshouldbedevelopedattheoutsetinorderto:
Identifyanynegativeimpactsfromconstructionactivities Assesstheeffectivenessofcontrolmeasures
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DemonstratecompliancewithregulatoryconditionsandobjectivesandtargetssetintheCEMP
Identifyiffurthercontrols/correctiveactionisrequired
Monitoringmayberequiredasaresultofacomplaint,arequestbyastatutorybodyoratriggerpointinaninspectionorchecklistbeingexceeded.MonitoringandreportingshouldalsoreflectanyrequirementsidentifiedorcommitmentsmadeintheMethodStatements.
4.4.2. ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS, AUDITS AND REGISTERS
Inadditiontotheroutinemonitoringdetailedaboveascheduleofregularinspections,auditsandreportingwill be required. These inspections etc.will provide a record of site conditions andactivitiesandprovideamechanismbywhichGECIcanestablishtheeffectivenessofitsCEMP.
Thesechecklistsandreportsshouldbekeptateachsiteofficeandshouldbeupdatedandusedinthedaytodayoperationofthesite.
4.4.3. COMPLIANCE AND NON-CONFORMANCE/CORRECTIVE ACTION REPORT
IfcriteriawithintheCEMParenotfulfilledandappropriateandcorrectiveactionisnottakenanon‐conformance may be raised by the environmental manager. Examples of circumstanceswherethismayariseinclude:
Receiptofacomplaintregardingpollutionorotherenvironmentalimpactscausedbytheproject
Departurefromapprovedoragreedprocedures Non‐conformanceidentifiedasaconsequenceofanyself‐assessment,formalauditor
otherenvironmentalsurveyorinspection
Correctiveactionmay includechanges towork instructions(frequencyof testing, testmethodetc.),alterationstotheMS,furtherstafftrainingetc.Nonconformancesshouldbereviewedbytheenvironmentalmanagerandformpartofconstructionmeetingagendas.
Inaddition,non‐conformance/correctiveactionreportedtoGECIbytheclientmustimmediatelyinitiatecorrectiveactionsand,oncecompleted,providedetailsoftheactionsundertakenonthenon‐conformance/corrective action report and return it signed to the client’s environmentalmanagerwithinanagreedtimeframe.
5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
5.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYSICAL WORKS
Theequipmentrelativetothe5KVAsUPS,AGLasCCRsandRCMSCabinetwillbeinstalledintheEquipmentroomofthegroundfloorintheATCTBuilding,whichisprovidedofairconditionerandaverticalconstructionducttocommunicateallfloors.
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Ontheotherpart,therackscorrespondingtoAWS,VHFandNDBsystemswillbeinstalledintheLibraryroomlocatedonthefirstflooroftheATCTBuilding.
5.1.1. CIVILWORKS
Drawing:478D478‐DW‐02.C‐TRW_LAYOUTSHEET1
o InstallfoundationforWindDirectionIndicator/AWOSanemometer ConnectconduitforanemometertoexistingSITpit SupplyandinstalllongsweepconduitsbendfortheWDIcables
AGLEQUIPMENTROOM
LIBRARY
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o InstallfoundationforPAPIsadjacenttotheexistingPAPIs.
o InstallSITpitsforeachnewPAPIfoundation(4pits) Installone(1)63mmdiameterconduitfromtheexistingsitpitandthenew
PAPISITpits. InstallalongsweepconduitsbendforeachPAPIBox(4bends)
Drawing:478D478‐DW‐03.B‐TRW_LAYOUTSHEET2
o InstallfoundationsforAWOSequipment InstalltheconduitsrequiredfortheSensorStation InstalllongsweepconduitsbendsforSensorStation ConnectconduitforSensorStationequipmenttoexistingnewheavydutypit
typeDpit
o Installone(1)newheavydutypittypeD(900x900x900)atcableentrypointintotheexistingControlTowerbuilding Requires removal of two (2) existing SIT pits and connection of two (2)
existing63mmdiameterconduitstonewtypeDpit
o InstallfoundationforGeneratorcontainer Install two(2)150mmdiameterconduits fromgeneratorcontainertonew
heavydutypittypeDatTowercableentrypoint Installlongsweepconduitsbendsforentryintogeneratorcontainer
o Installtwo(2)foundationsforNDBMastsapproximately50mfromtheexisting
fencebehindATCbuilding.
o InstallfoundationforNDBATU Installtwo(2)63mmdiameterconduitstoextendfromexistingSITpitsto
ATU InstalllongsweepconduitsbendsforentryintoATU
Drawing:478D478‐DW‐04.B‐TRW_LAYOUTSHEET3
o Installfour(4)foundationsforPAPIs
ConnectconduitforPAPIequipmenttoexistingSITpit InstallalongsweepconduitsbendforeachPAPIBox(4bends)
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o InstallfoundationforWindDirectionIndicator
5.1.2. PAPIINSTALLATION
ThePAPIinstallationmustbeperformedasfollows:
Threshold 09:
Threshold 27:
AsperICAOrecommendationsthecorrectlocationofthenewPAPIsystemmustbeinstalledontheoppositesidethatwhereisprojectedbutphysicallyisnotpossible.
Duringthetasksofinstallationandadjustment,asurveyorwillbepresentatalltimescheckingthecorrectinstallation
5.1.3. UPSINSTALLATION
Install the 5KVAs UPS rack in the Equipment room on the ground floor of the ATCTBuilding.
Run and connect apower cables from theMainDistribution Switchboardof theATCTBuildingtotheUPSrack.
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Runandconnectapowercablefromthe5KVAsUPSracktotheCCRandAGLcontrolandmonitoringcabinet.
Installthe10KVAsUPSracksintheLibraryroomonthefirstflooroftheATCTBuilding. Run and connect apower cables from theMainDistribution Switchboardof theATCT
BuildingtotheUPSracks. Runandconnectapowercablefromthe10KVAsUPSracktothedifferentcommunication
racks.
5.1.4. NDBINSTALLATION
TheNDBinstallationtaskswillinclude:
5.1.4.1. TransmittersCabinet
InstalltheTransmittersCabinetintheLibraryroomonthefirstflooroftheATCTBuilding. Runandconnectapowercablefromthe10KVAUPStotheTransmitterCabinet.
5.1.4.2. RemoteControl
InstalltheRemoteControlPanelonthedesksoftheATCTCab. Run and connect a communication cable from the Transmitter Cabinet to the Remote
ControlPanelthroughtheverticalductoftheATCTbuilding.
5.1.4.3. ATUandAntenna
Mountthemastsfixingthecorrespondingguy‐wires. Installtheantennaextremestobothmasts. ExcavateandinstalltheRadioEarthsystem. InstalltheATUcabinet. RunandconnecttheAntennaandRadioEarthwiththeATU.
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Run and connect power and coaxial cables from the transmitter cabinet to the ATUthroughthenewducting.
5.1.5. AWOSINSTALLATION
TheAWSinstallationtaskswillinclude:
5.1.5.1. SENSORARRAY
5.1.5.1.1. WindSensor
Install the ultrasonic wind sensor on the top of the windsock located near the 09touchdownzone.
Thewindsockheight is lowand ithasanextensionon top, so thewindsensorwillbeinstalledataheightof9m.
5.1.5.1.2. Othersensors
Installtheothermeteorologicalsensorsontheconcretepads. Installthefielddatacollector(FDC)withthesensors. RunandconnectpowerandfiberopticdatacablesbetweenthewindsensorandtheFDC.
5.1.5.2. AWSRACK
InstallAWScentralprocessor(CP)rackintheLibraryRoomonthefirstflooroftheATCTBuilding.
Runandconnectapowercablefromthe10KVAsUPStotheAWScentralprocessor(CP)rack.
InstallAWSVHFradioantennaontheATCTCabTerrace. RunandconnectcoaxialcablebetweentheVHFradiointheCPrackandtheantenna. Run and connect telephone cable between the BT jack in the CP rack and a suitable
telephoneextensionoutletintheATCTCab. RunandconnectfiberopticcablebetweenFDCinthemeteorologicalstationandthefiber
opticpathpanelintheCPrack.
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5.1.5.3. REMOTEDISPLAYS
Install the AWOSworkstation (remote display) in theATCCab.
RunandconnectEthernetUTPcablebetweenCPRackandtheremotedisplayoftheATCTCab.
Install the AWOSworkstation (remote display) in theManagerOfficeinthebaseoftheATCTBuilding.
RunandconnectEthernetUTPcablebetweenCPRackandtheremotedisplayoftheManagerOffice.
5.1.6. VHFINSTALLATION
5.1.6.1. VHFRACK
InstalltheVHFrackintheLibraryRoom. Runandconnectapowercablefromthe10KVAsUPStotheVHFrack.
5.1.6.2. REMOTECONTROLPANELSANDSTANDBYRADIOS
InstallthetwoRadioRemoteControllerPanelsandStandbyRadiosinthedeskoftheATCTCab.
RunandconnectcommunicationcablesbetweenRadioRemoteControllerPanelsandtheVHFrack
5.1.6.3. ANTENNAS
InstallVHFradioantennasontheATCTCabTerrace. RunandconnectcoaxialcablesbetweentheVHFradiosintheVHFrackandantennas. RunandconnectcoaxialcablesbetweentheStandbyRadiosandantennas.
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5.1.7. GENERATORCONTAINER
Installthecontaineroverthefoundation. Runandconnectapowercablesfromthemaindistributionboardlocatedoutsideofthe
ATCTBuildingtotheATSlocatedinsideofthe20´GeneratorContainer
* For more information about the physical works, see the “478D478‐SD‐01.E‐TRW_System Design Document” and “478D478‐DW‐XX.D‐TRW_ReviewedDrawings.”
20´GeneratorContainerlocationExistingmaindistributionboard
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5.2. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
5.2.1. Method statements
TheMethod Statements is a required document for anymajor constructionworkswithin theboundariesofanairport.Itincludestheconcessionsandalternativearrangementsthatmayneedtobemadeandstagingoftheconstructionprocesswhileensuringthesafetyandsecurityofallpersonnel, the community and aircraft and continued operation of the airport throughoutconstructionworks.
Formoreinformation,seethedocument“478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_MethodStatements”.
5.2.2. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
The followingconstructionactivitiesareanticipatedduringconstructionphaseof thisproject,pleaserefertoSection5.1‐DESCRIPTIONOFTHEPHYSICALWORKSforadditionalinfo:
‐ VegetationClearance:Wherevegetationarerequiredtoclearedforcivilwork(foundation,conduits,SITPITs,etc.),manuallabourwillbeutilizeusinghandheldtool.DurationforvegetationclearancewillbeminimalexceptforproposedNDBareawhere4‐5daysareanticipatedtoclearallthevegetation.
‐ Earthwork:Manuallabourand/orexcavator/diggerwillbeutilizedforrequiredearthneededforfoundation,SIT‐PITsandconduitinstallation.DurationforearthworkwillbeminimalsinceconstructionareaisflatterrainexceptforproposedNDBareawhereanexcavator/diggerisrequiredtobeusefor3‐4dayssincesand/gravelminingwasdonepreviouslyatthislocation.
‐ Trenching:Sometrenchingworkisanticipatedtolaydowntherequiredconduits.Onlymanuallabourwithhandheldtoolswillbeutilizetodothetrenchingwork.Pleasenotethatmajortrenching/conduitworkhasalreadybeendonebyanothercontractoratthisproject.3‐4weeksdurationforrequiredtrenching/conduitsisanticipatedforentireproject.
‐ ConcreteFoundations:ConcretefoundationsforPAPIs,DieselGenerator,WDIs,andNDBcomponentsarerequiredforthisproject.Manuallabourwithconcretemixmachines(diesel&electricityoperated)andconcretevibratorwillbeutilizetodotheconcretingworkonthisproject.AtenvironmentalsensitiveareaslikeatproposedlocationofNDB,onlyelectricityoperatedconcretemixmachinewillbeused.ConcretevibratorwillbeplacedonplywoodatenvironmentalsensitiveareaslikeatNDBproposedlocation.3‐4weeksofconcretingworkexpectedforentireproject.ItisanticipatedtofinishalltheconcretinginonedayatproposedlocationofNDB.
‐ NDBEquipment:NDBequipmentlikeATUradialsandmastswillbeinstalledusingmanuallabour.Ifitisnecessarytobringcranetoinstallmasts,cranewithnotolderthan5yearsingoodworkingconditionwithnooildippingwillbeutilizedatproposedNDBarea.2‐3days’workisanticipatedforinstallationofNDBequipmentatproposedlocationofNDB.
5.2.3. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
AllmaterialsandequipmentforeachcomponentoftheKAIPwilleitherneedtobeimportedorwillbeprocuredlocally.Allcargowhetherairorshipwillneedtobeprocessedinaccordancewith
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Kiribati quarantine and customs laws which require fumigation (proof of) of materials andequipmentanddeclarationsbypersonnel(specificallyregardingcommunicablediseases).
All equipment and materials (unless used up) brought into Kiribati for the project must beremovedfromKiribatiatcompletionoftheproject.Oldequipmentnolongerserviceableorwastematerialonsite(TRW)mustalsoberemovedfromKiribati.Theexacttypesofequipmentwillbedecided by GECI but may include machinery used in construction activities or machinery tosupportconstructionprocesses.PleaserefertoAnnexBforproposedscheduleofequipmenttobeusedonthisproject.
Excessmaterialsnotused(andunabletobere‐usedorrecycledonisland)mayincludeexcessuseddrums(for fuel,oilor lubricants),packaging frommaterialsandequipment (particularlyplastics), contaminated or hazardous material (e.g. soil, used spill kit material…). Re‐use orrecyclingofexcessmaterialandwastewithinKiribatiisonlypermittedwithpriorarrangementandapprovalbyMCTTD.
5.2.4. AGGREGATE SUPPLY
AggregatesourcesonTarawaareverylimited.AllaggregatesfortheprojectwillbeimportedfromFiji.
5.2.5. CONSTRUCTION LAY DOWN AREAS
LandavailabilityonTarawaisscarceandsotherearenotmanyoptionsforpositioningof theconstructioncamp.
The proposed location for a construction camp is the ATC area is shown in the document“478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_MethodStatements”,sharingthisareawiththeconstructioncampofthepavementcontractor (McConnelDowell)Theconstructioncamp isnot a residential camp,existinglocalaccommodationwillbeused.
As McConnel Dowell Company is using it from time ago, GECI will comply with theirEnvironmentalandH&Srequirementwherethecampisconcerned.
Transport to and from the construction camp, particularly ofmaterials and equipment,mustoccur on the existing road network as its stated in the “478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_MethodStatements”andmeasuresundertakentopreventdust,noiseandvibrationnuisance(e.g.wheelwash,coveringofloads,servicingofvehicles).Ifthetransportofmaterialorequipmentislikelyto impact on normal pedestrian and vehicle traffic or pose an increased safety hazard,considerationshouldbegiventomovingtheseitemsduringoffpeaktimes.Hardstandareasmustbeavailableforstorageofhazardoussubstancesandotherequipmentthatposesapotentialrisktotheenvironment(e.g.leakinglubricantfrommachinery).Runofffromhardstandareasusedtostore machinery will need to be collected and treated (e.g. oil water separator) to preventcontaminationofsoilorwaterbodies(surfaceandunderground).Hazardoussubstances(e.g.fuel,lubricantsoroil)mustbestoredinabondedareawhichisconstructedwithanimpermeablebaseandwatertightwallstocontainthe largestof110percentof the largest tank/containeror25percentofthecombinedtankvolumesinareaswithatotalstoragevolumeequalorgreaterthan1,000litres1.Solidwasteandwastewatermustbemanagedinsuchawaytopreventthespreadofvector‐bornediseasesandcontaminationofsoilandwaterbodies.
All occupational health and safety requirements must be in place and workers trained innecessaryprocedures(e.g.spillresponseplan).Personalprotectionequipment(PPE)needstobeavailabletoworkersasrequired(e.g.highvisibilityvest,safetyboots)andprocessesinplaceforobtainingrelevantPPE.
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Temporaryequipmentparkingandsmallscalematerialstorage(laydownarea)mayberequiredtoreducetheneedtomoveequipmentandsuppliesfromtheconstructioncampthroughouttheday and thus potentially impact road users and residents (e.g. dust, noise, road safety). Alltemporarystockpilesmustbekeptsmall(nohigherthan2m)andbondedtopreventdustandsedimentladenrunoffbeinggenerated.Ifneedbethestockpilesshouldbewettedorcoveredtopreventdust.Laydownareasshouldnotbesitednearsensitivereceptorsnorthecoast.Anylandrequiredforatemporarylaydownareawillneedtobenegotiatedwiththelandownerorleaseholder.Temporaryequipmentstorageareaswithintheairtrafficcontroltowercompoundandattheeasternendoftherunwayhavebeenproposed.ThesetemporaryparkingandlaydownareaswillbemanagedinaccordancewiththisCEMPandthemainconstructioncamp.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS
6.1. OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS
Someadditional landacquisition forairportequipment installationorphysical resettlement isrequiredbutprojectisunlikelytocauseanymajornegativeenvironmentalorsocialimpactsastheworkisimprovingexistinginfrastructure.ThesocialoutcomesoftheKAIPareexpectedtobepositiveby improvingsafety, accessibilityandmobilityof islandcommunities.Additional landacquisition isrequired for installationofNDBequipment installation. It isobservedthatsomesandandgravelminingwascarriedoutpreviouslyatproposedlocationofNDBbehindthetowerbuilding.Anareaofaround90metresindiameterwillalsoneedtobeclearedandlevelledtoallowfortheinstallationofthe36copperradials.Shallowandnarrowtrencheswillbedugusinghandheldtools.
Once installed the radials will be buried using the existing excavated material (sieved ifnecessary).Thecopperstakeswillbedrivenintotheground,usingthedigger.Pleasenotethatcopper is relatively non‐toxic, non‐corrosive, non‐permeable means it doesn't absorb othersubstanceswithwhich it comes into contact so it protects against contaminants to thewatersupplyandcopperisanaturalmaterialthathasbeenproventobesafetohealth.Theimpactonthehydrology(undergroundwater) fromtheconstructionand fromthe installationofNDB isminimalsinceuponcompletionoftheworksmostoftheaffectedareaswillbeleftopenandclearofvegetation,tofacilitateongoingmaintenanceandmonitoringoftheequipment,andtoensuretheperformanceoftheequipmentisnotcompromised.Theseareasincludesufficientclearancearoundthemastsandguywires,theentireareaoccupiedbytheradials,andanaccessstripfromtheNDBinstallationtotheATCcompoundwideenoughforutilityvehicles.ExistingvegetationwillneedstoberemovedandproposedareawillbelevelledbeforeinstallationofNDBequipment.The physical work (foundations, ATU – 36; 45m long copper radials and masts) for NDB atproposed location will be very small and this proposed area will remain open/available forrainwatercatchment.TheProposedareawheretheNDBwilloccupywillneedtobekeptclearofvegetationincludingtheareaovertheradials,andnearthemastsandguywirestoavoiddamagefromfallingbranchesetc. It is recommendedthatongoingmowing/clearingoftheareabytheairportmaintenancestaffwillberequiredforproperNDBfunctionality.
Possiblenegativeimpactsrelatedtotheairportareexpectedtobeconfinedtotheconstructionphase.Publicnoticesandconsultationwithaffectedpeoplewillcontinuethroughouttheproject.Whereappropriatewarningnoticesandprojectbulletinswillbepostedinformingthecommunitywhenparticularstagesaretobecompletedandopportunitiesforinvolvement,whetherthroughemployment,collectionandreuseofdemolitionmaterialsoriftherearecomplaints.Withtimelyandproper implementationof thisCEMPandapplicationof appropriatemitigationmeasures,mostifnotallthepotentialnegativeimpactscanbepreventedorminimized.Theseimpactsare
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expectedtobelimitedtothefollowingimpacts,howeveranychangesindesignorconstructionmethodology may result in a reduction of impacts or additional impacts that will requiremitigation.
6.2. PRECAUTION / MATIGATION MEASURES
The following mitigation/precautions will be implemented during construction phase of theproject:
‐ Allplantandequipmentwillbeingoodconditionandmustbeinspectedpriortofirstuse
‐ AnyitemsofplantandequipmentwithevidenceofoilorfuelleakswillnotbeusedinontheprojectespeciallyatproposedNDBlocationarea.
‐ Eachitemofplantwillbeinspectedatpre‐startandatendofeachdayforevidenceofoilorfuelleaks.Ifleaksaredetectedtheplantitemwillberepairedbeforere‐enteringtheproposedNDBlocationarea.
‐ Eachitemofmobileplantwillbeequippedwithaspillresponsekit. ‐ Allpersonnelinvolvedwiththeworkswillbetrainedinspillresponseandawarenessof
sensitivityofwaterreserve. ‐ Anyspillstosoilwillbeimmediatelycleaned‐upandcontaminatedsoilwillbedisposed
ofinaccordancewithMNRErequirements. ‐ Nore‐fuellingwillbepermittedwithinthewaterreservearea. ‐ Whenequipmentwillnotin‐use,itwillberemovedfromthewaterreservearea. ‐ Noconcretewash‐outwillbepermittedinthewaterreservearea. ‐ Noopendefecationofurinationwillbepermittedinthewaterreservearea. ‐ Noenvironmentally‐hazardousmaterialswillbestoredwithinthewaterreservearea.
6.3. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
HistoricaldevelopmentactivitiesatTRWhavehadadetrimentaleffectontheenvironmentdueto equipment such as a roller and crusher were abandoned in Bonriki village and left todeteriorate.Vegetationisgrowingthroughsomeofthemachineryindicatingthelengthoftimethe equipment has been in situ. Abandoned equipment can leach contaminants from anyremainingfuelandoilandalsofromthematerialitself(e.g.heavymetalsandchemicalsfromthepaint).
TheWorldBankoperationalpoliciesandKiribati legislationprovidemechanismsandtoolsforpreventingenvironmentaldamageandongoingimpactsasaresultofdevelopmentactivities.ThisCEMPhasbeendevelopedinaccordancewiththeserequirementswiththegoaltoensurethatimpactssuchasthosedescribedabovedonotoccurandresponsibilityformitigationmeasuresandimpactsisclearlydefined.
GECIisresponsibleforimplementationofthisCEMPandensuringthatallwastematerialandallequipment(thatcannotbereusedorrecycledonisland)isremovedatcompletionoftheworks.MCTTDisresponsibleforensuringGECIperforminaccordancewiththeircontract.
GECImusttoremovefromislandoldmachineryandunserviceableequipmentassociatedwiththeairportatcompletionoftheprojectworksasisstatedInthedocument“478D478‐QL‐07_SolidWastePlan”.
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6.4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
6.4.1. SOLID WASTE
Refertothedocument“478D478‐QL‐07_SolidWastePlan”.
6.4.2. WATER RESOURCES
Freshwaterwillberequiredforworkersandsomeconstructionactivities(e.g.dustsuppressionandconcreteproduction).The impactoncurrentwater supply couldbemajor ifnotproperlymitigated through good resource planning. Water efficiency, conservation and reclamationpracticeswillbeadopted,forexampleuseofanosmosisplantfornon‐potablewaterpurification.
Theprojectscopedoesnotchangethecatchmentareaandrechargeratesofthefreshwaterlens.Localisedfloodingaroundthetaxiwayandapronhasbeenaddressedthroughupgradingoftheexistingaproncutoffdrain,installationofsoakagepitsandfuelspillinterceptorswhererunoffhas potential to be impacted by hydrocarbon contamination.. Potential contamination of thefreshwaterlensduetohydrocarboncontaminationisdiscussedinSection6.3.4.
6.4.3. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Thereisthepossibilitythatintheprocessofconstructionworksfauna(e.g.nestingbirds)couldbeimpactedorthetemporaryremovalofvegetation(e.g.fortrenchingortheconstructioncamp)couldimpactonpotentialhabitats.Thehabitatssurroundingtherunwayareprimarilyopengrasswithfoottrafficandadhocroadsinthearea.MitigationmeasureswillincludeliaisonwiththeECDshouldanyfauna(reptile,avian,ormammal)areencounteredthataffectconstructionactivities(e.g.nestingbird).
6.4.4. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Potentialsoilandsurfacewaterpollutionfromconstructionrun‐offwithfuelandlubricantsareexpected to be temporary and minor, providing best practice methods. Work practices andmitigationmeasures for spillswill be implemented, including spill responseplan and bundedareasforstorage(duringconstructionandoperationphase).
Theexcavationandexposureofthepipesalsoposesanexplosiveriskifvapoursandproducthasbuiltupwithinthepipeandtanksystem.
The primary risks of hydrocarbon contamination as a result of airport operations and orconstruction activities relate to vapours and proximity of residential settlements andcontaminationofthefreshwaterlens.Duetothelimitedleveloftreatmentofwaterextractedfromthe freshwater lens and theuseof localbores to access the freshwater lensanygroundwaterhydrocarboncontaminationwouldlikelyaffectanumberofpeopledependingonthelengthoftimeproducthasbeenenteringtheenvironmentandinwhatvolume.Theonlywaytoestablishpotentialhydrocarboncontaminationissamplingofinsitusoilssuspectedofcontaminationandorsamplingandanalysisofgroundwaterfromlocalboresinthevicinityoftheapronandabovegroundfueltanks.
6.4.5. NOISE AND VIBRATION
Noise and vibration disturbances are particularly likely during construction related to thetransportationofconstructionmaterialsfromtheportandoperationofequipment.Theseimpactswillbeshort‐termandaffectdifferentpeopleatdifferenttimes.
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Impactsincludenoiseduringpavementresurfacingandpossibleeffectofvibration.DuetothelandconstraintsonSouthTarawaresidentialhousesandbusinessesarelocatedincloseproximitytotheairportanddirectlyadjacenttotheroadnetwork.Insomeareasoftheroadnetworkthereislittledistancefromtheroadedgeandahouseorbuilding.Thereforenoiseandvibrationislikelytobeanongoingissuethroughouttheconstructionstageandtoalesserdegreetheoperationalphase (e.g. aircraft landingand take‐off).As theairport is existing infrastructureanynoiseorvibrationimpactsareprobablyalreadybeingexperiencedbythelocalcommunity.
6.4.6. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL
Theimpactsonvegetativecoverwillbeshort‐termandreversiblethroughnaturalregeneration.There isonlyathintopsoil layerinmostpartsandrunoff iseasilyfilteredintotheunderlyinggroundwater table. Where topsoil is required to be cleared this will be set aside for use inrestorationofdisturbedareas.
Sedimenthasthepotentialtobegeneratedduringanyexcavationsorlandclearingactivities,andwithintheconstructioncamp.
6.4.7. AIR EMISSIONS
Air pollution can arise due to impropermaintenance of equipment and dust generation fromexcavations.Impactsareexpectedtobelocalisedandshorttermwithonlyminornegativeimpactontheambientairqualityinthevicinityoftheconstructionareas.
Asstatedinsection6.3.5SouthTarawaisdenselypopulated,whileairqualityimpactsarelikelytobeshorttermtheywillaffectmorepeople.
6.4.8. TRAFFIC AND AIRPORT OPERATIONS
Trafficimpactswilloccurintransportingequipmentandmaterialsfromtheportandtoandfromtheairportandconstructioncamp.These impactswillmostlybeshort‐termandthroughgoodmitigationandtrafficmanagementtheimpactsshouldbelow.
Refer to the document “478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_Method Statements” for more informationabouttheTrafficManagementPlananditspecifiessafetymeasuresrequiredfortheoperationoftheairportwhenconstructionworkisunderway.
6.4.9. WASTEWATER DISCHARGES
Sanitaryfacilitiesforworkerswillbeprovidedtopreventlagoonsorotherareasbeingused.
Washwater fromequipmentcanbecontaminatedwithhydrocarbons (e.g.oiland fuel)whichhaveadetrimental effecton aquatic life,waterqualityand soilquality.There arealsohumanhealthimpactsregardinghydrocarbonexposurewhichvaryinseveritydependingontypeandlengthofexposure.Washwaterfromconcreteprocessingandcuttingishighlyalkalineandcanburnvegetation,resultinfishkillsandalsocauseburnstotheskin.Sedimentloadsinwashwaterifallowedtodischargetoeithermarineorfreshwatersystemscanalsoadverselyimpactaquaticlifeandwaterquality.Whilethepotentialimpactsofuncontrolleddischargesofwastewatercanadverselyaffect thereceivingenvironment, theycanbeeasilymitigated throughplanningandimplementationofmitigationmeasures.
6.4.10. BIOSECURITY
All aggregatematerial and equipmentwillmost likely need to be imported as there are verylimitednaturalresourcesavailableonTarawa.Importedaggregateandequipmentcanharbour
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plantandanimalspecieswhichmayposeathreattoKiribati’sbiodiversityandecosystems.Theaggregatecanalsobeasourceofcontaminationfrompesticidesandotherharmfulsubstanceswhichcanposeshortandlongtermenvironmentalandpublichealthrisks.
6.4.11. Coastal and Marine Environment Impacts
Anumberofactivitieshavethepotentialtoadverselyaffectthemarineandcoastalenvironment,includinguncontrolleddischarges(e.g.stormwater,wastewater,spills),useofheavymachineryadjacent to the coast, and increased shipping. Impacts range from destruction of habitat andnaturalprotection(e.g.theboulderbankandmangroveforest),toreducedorcontaminatedwaterqualityandlossofaquaticlifeduetopollution.
6.5. SOCIAL IMPACTS
ASocialSafeguardsReporthasbeenpreparedtospecificallyaddressthesocial impactsof theperimeter fence and land lease arrangements for the terminal. Details of the impacts andmitigationmeasures areprovided in the Social SafeguardsReport.Theprimary long standingsocial issue related to thepresenceof theairport (asdocumented inDr.UeantaboMacKenzie(2011) due diligence report titled Kiribati Infrastructure Improvement Project Due DiligenceSocialAssessmentReport)isovercrowdinginBonrikivillage.Otheridentifiedimpactsinclude:
Lossofaccesswaysacrossandaroundtheairport. Lossofareasforsportandrecreation. Lossofareasfordefecation. Effectsofairportpumpingonvillagegroundwater.
6.5.1. HEALTH AND SAFETY
During construction andoperationhealth and safety is tobemanaged througha Site SpecificSafety Management Plan (See “478D478‐QL‐02_Health&Safety Plan”) and application ofinternationalenvironmentalandhealthandsafety(EHS)standards.
Asthetrenchrequiredforthenavigationaidscablingistobedugtoadepthsmallerthan1.5mthesidesofthetrenchwillnotneedeitherbatterslopesorshoringtopreventcollapse.Exposedtrenches pose a risk to the community and airport operations therefore trenches will beprogressivelyfilledasthecableductsarelaid.Atanyonetimethemaximumlengthofexposedtrenchwillbe30m.Exposedtrencheswillbesecuredatnighttopreventaccessbynon‐authorisedpersonnel.
7. MITIGATION MEASURES
Duetothenatureoftherehabilitationactivitiesproposedtherearesomemitigationmeasureswhich are applicable to all aspects of the project, while others that are specific to particularcomponentse.g.theterminal.Sensitivereceptorsandenvironmentalvalueshavebeenidentifiedaround the airport site which will require specific mitigation measures for safety andenvironmental protection. The mitigation tables detail the impact or issue, the mitigationrequired, where this is to occur, when this mitigation is to be applied, estimated costs,implementationresponsibilityandsupervisionresponsibility.
Themitigationmeasuresassociatedwiththeimpactsidentifiedabovearedetailedbelow.
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7.1. AGGREGATE, MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT IMPORTATION
AllmaterialsandequipmentmustbefumigatedandofficialcertificatesissuedpriortoarrivalinTarawatoensurenoplantoranimalpestsareaccidentlyintroduced.Theaggregateandanyotherfilltypematerialwillneedtobecompletelyinertandfreeofcontaminants.Verificationofsourceandorresultsfromlaboratorytestingmustbeprovidedforimportation.ImportationpermitsandQuarantine certification shall beobtained from theMinistryofPublicWorks andUtilities andQuarantineDepartmentbeforeapplyingforexportpermitsfromthesourcecountryofmaterials.Natural resourcesof importantbiodiversityvalue suchascoral reefs shallnotbe importedasconstructionmaterials.
Stockpiles of aggregate and other materials (e.g. sand and topsoil) are to occur within theconstructioncamponly.Small(lessthan2mhigh)temporarystockpilesarepermittedadjacenttoworksiteswithapprovalbyMCTTDandECD.
7.2. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE USE, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Hazardousliquids(e.g.fuelandlubricants)mustbemanagedwithinhardstandandbundedareastopreventrunofftosurroundingpermeableground.Bundedareasaretobeimpervious(watertight),constructedfromchemicallyresistantmaterial,andbeshelteredfromtherainasrainwaterallowed tocollectwithin thebundcouldbecontaminated if there isanyhazardoussubstanceresidueonstoragecontainersorspiltproductwithinthebund.Aspillresponseplanwillbeinplaceandallworkerstrainedincorrectimplementationofthespillresponseplan.Spillkitsshouldbeavailable incloseproximitytowherehazardoussubstancesareusedandstorede.g.ontheworktruckorbesidethefuelstore.
It is particularly important that care be takenwhen hazardous substances are used near theidentifiedsensitivereceptors.Consultationshouldbeundertakenwithresidentstoensurehoursofworkareknownandtheprocedureforcomplaintsisreadilyavailableonsignage.
7.3. SAFETY AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Aroadrunsparalleltotherunwayonthesouthernsidewhichatitclosestisapproximately25mfromtheedgeoftherunway.Thereareroadsatbothendsoftherunwaythatfollowtheoceanandlagooncoast.
Pedestrianandvehiclesafetywillbeanissuewhentransportingmaterialsandequipmentfromthe port and to and from the airport site and the construction camp. The TMP stated in the“478D478‐QL‐01.C‐TRW_Method Statements” details the specific safety and securityrequirementsfortheairportoperations,includingsafeoperatingdistancesandresponsibilityofkeyprojectroles.
7.4. STORMWATER AND WATER MANAGEMENT
AvailablelandonSouthTarawaislimitedandhousesarelocatedclosetogetherandclosetotheroadandrunwayedges.Localisedfloodingoccursonshoulderswherecompactionhasoccurredanddrainshaveblocked.
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Therunwayapronisbeingdesignedwithnewdrainssuitableforaircrafttrafficandthetypeofrain events experienced in Tarawa and include oil interceptors for capture of hydrocarbons.Stormwatersoakagepitswillallowstormwatertopercolatetotheunderlyinggroundwater.
During construction, clean water diversion bunds will be used to direct any runoff fromundisturbedareasawayfromworkareas,stockpilesandstorageareas.Thediversionbundswilldirectthiscleanwatertolandforsoakage.Runoffwillnotbedirectedtodischargedirectlytothelagoonorocean(otherthannaturaloverlandflow).
Waterrequiredforconstructionactivitiessuchasdustsuppressionandconcreteproductionwillneedtobemanagedcarefullysoasnottoimpactontheisland’sfreshwatersupply.Waterforuseduring construction will be carefully planned for at the pre‐construction mobilisation stage.Possible non‐potable water sources (e.g. seawater) and uses should be identified (e.g. dustsuppression, machinery washing), provided there will be no risk of contamination ofgroundwater.Watersavingmeasuresincludesweepingofworkareasandvehiclestiresinsteadofwashingtopreventdust.
Runofffromdisturbedareasisnottobedischargeddirectlytothemarineorcoastalenvironment.Sedimentladenrunoffistobetreated(viasmallsettlingpondortank)anddischargedtoland(outsidethewaterreserveprotectionarea)orreused.
7.5. CONCRETE PLANT
Theprojectrequiresasmallconcreteproductionontheisland,soGECIwillcareneedstobetakenwithslurryandrunofffromtheconcrete.Concreteproductionshouldonlytakeplacewhenthereisnorainforecastandnotwithinthecoastalmargin(e.g.restrictedtotheconstructioncamp).Concreteslurryishighlyalkaliandcannotbediluted.Sandbagsordiversiondrainsmustbeusedtodivertrunofffromconcretecuttingorsettingareas.Anyconcretedebrismustbecollectedanddisposed of as a hazardous substance and removed from the island if unable to be reused.Wastewater from concrete cutting or productionmust be collected and treated (settling andneutralisationthroughpHadjustment).
Allequipmentusedinconcreteproductionmustbecleanedindesignatedwashdownareasawayfromsurfacewaterandnotbeallowedtopermeatetoground.
7.6. CONSTRUCTION CAMP
Theconstructioncampwillbeusedtostoreequipmentandmaterialsforallcomponentsoftheproject,andassuchthereareanumberofpotentialhazardsassociatedwiththeequipmentandmaterials.Theconstructioncampcompoundmustbe fencedandsecuredtopreventaccessbyunauthorised personal. Areas within the compound must be clearly marked for solid wastecollection,machinerymaintenance, hazardous substance storage, plant operations (concrete).Eachoftheseareasmustbeconstructedinsuchawaytopreventanypotentialadverseimpactson the surrounding environment. Including hard stand areas, protection fromwind and rain,bunding(hazardoussubstances),cleanwaterdiversiondrains,andcollectionandtreatmentofwaste water from site operations (e.g. concrete production, machinery maintenance). Theconstructioncampisnotaresidentialcamp.Thegroundoftheconstructioncampwilllikelybycompactedbytheendofitsuseandsorestorationwillrequirescarificationofthesoil,applicationoftopsoilandrevegetation.
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Prior to clearing any land for the construction camp an inventory of trees and vegetation(particularly foodcrops)mustbeundertakenanddocumentedwith theDepartmentofLands.Compensationmayneedtobepaidtoownersofthetreesandvegetation.
7.7. EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL
The land on Tarawa is relatively flat, low lying with porous soils. Wet weather is usuallyexperiencedasshort,heavyrainfallevents,ofteninthemorningoratnight.Cleanwaterdiversionbunds should be constructed around any excavation to prevent ingress of runoff fromsurroundingareas.Anypondingwhichmayoccurwithinanexcavatedareashalleitherbeallowedtopercolateintothesubsoilorpumpedouttoasettlingareaorusedfordustsuppressionatalaterdate.Excavationsshouldbekepttoamanageablesizetoreducethetimeofexposure.Thelargest stockpiles will be within the construction camp for the imported aggregate. Thesestockpileswill need to be on an impermeable geotextile or hardstand and runoff directed topermeableland.Theaggregatematerialwillbeinertlargersizepieces.Stockpilesofanyfinegrainmaterials (e.g. sand and topsoil)must be covered to prevent dust and sediment laden runoffduringrainevents.
Theeasternrunwayendisapproximately85mfromthelagoonforeshoreandlessthan20m(atthenearestpoint)fromtheoceanbeach(easternend).Dischargesfromanyconstructionactivityattheselocationsareprohibitedfromdischargingdirectlytothemarineandcoastalenvironment.Cleanrunoffshouldbedivertedinlandforpercolationtounderlyinggroundwater,andpotentiallycontaminated runoff shouldbecollectedand treated.Treatmentwill bedependenton typeofpotentialcontamination(e.g.oilwaterseparatorforrunoffcontaminatedwithhydrocarbons,orsettlingpondortankforsedimentladenrunoff).
7.8. WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
Thereareanumberofactivitiesduringconstructionandoperationphasesoftheprojectwhichwillgeneratewastewater.Duringconstructionwastewaterwillbegeneratedby thesanitationfacilitiesprovidedforworkersandasthereisnoreticulatedwastewatertreatmentsystemforthisareaoftheisland,thecontractorisresponsibleforthecollectionandtreatmentofthegeneratedwastewaterfromsanitationfacilities.GECIisresponsibleforensuringthetreatmentanddisposalofwastewaterisinaccordancewithMCTTD,MPWUandECDadviceandapprovedbyMCTTDandMPWU.
Wastewaterfromwashdownareasistobecollectedeitherinasettlementpondortanktoallowsedimentandparticulatemattertodropout(orprocessedthroughafiltrationsystem)beforethewatercanbereusedaswashwater,dustsuppressionorinotherprocesses.Aseparatewashdownareaisrequiredformachineryormaterialwithoilorfuelresidueasthiswashwaterisrequiredtobetreatedthroughamobileoilwaterseparator.
Wash water from concrete production, cutting, washing of equipment used and areas whereconcreteisproducedmustbecollectedandtreatedtolowerthepH(closertoneutral)andtoallowsettlement of suspended solids. Allwash down areas andwastewater treatment areas,wherepracticalshouldbelocatedwithintheconstructioncamporlaydownareas.
Treated wash water where possible should be reused for dust suppression or within otherprocesses. Direct discharge to the marine or coastal environment or to the water reserveprotectionareaisprohibited.Dischargesoftreatedwashwateraretooccurtolandonly(outsidethewaterreservecatchmentarea).Sufficientmeasurestoavoiddirectdischargesarerequired
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whenworkingadjacenttothemarineandcoastalenvironmentwhichmayincludebunding(e.g.sandbags),demarcationofexclusionzones,andlimiteduseoflargemachinery.
7.9. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
WastegeneratedbytheprojectthatcannotberecycledorreusedistoberemovedfromKiribatiatthecompletionofthework.GECIisresponsibleforensuringthewasteispackedinshippingcontainersorothersuitableimpermeablecontainmenttoensurewaste(solidandliquid)isnotinadvertentlydischargedatsea.DetailsofthereceivingwastefacilityarestatedInthedocument“478D478‐QL‐07_SolidWastePlan”.
Generalwaste (includingplastics andpackaging) isnot tobeburnt or incinerated.Vegetativewaste (from clearing construction areas) should be composted through existing compostingschemes (contact the Teinainano Urban Council and or ECD) and topsoil stockpiled forrehabilitationof the construction campandor laydownareasat completionof theproject. Ifburning or incineration of vegetation is the only suitable disposal method and agreed to byMCTTD,ECDandtheTeinainanoUrbanCouncilthenitshallbeundertakenwithsupervisionbytheonsiteSupervisingEngineerandinaccordancewithlocallegislationandregulations.Burningor incineration isnot tooccurnearany residentialorcommunity facilities, areasofprotectedvegetationorduringhighwinds.
7.10. MARINE AND COASTAL SPECIFIC MITIGATION MEASURES
Therunwayrunsinaneasttowestdirectionwiththelagoonatthewesternend(approximately90mfromtheendoftherunway)andtheoceanattheeasternend(lessthan20mattheclosestpoint).Allprojectwork for therunwaywillbeoccurring inlandandtherewillbenodirectorindirect discharges (stormwater or wastewater) to themarine environment. The ends of therunwayareincloseproximitytothecoastasisapotentiallaydownarea.Thereforeworkintheseareaswillneedtomanagerunoffbydirectingitinlandfromthebeachandmarineenvironment.Heavymachineryoperatingadjacenttothebeachshouldstayontheexistingpavementorinlandand not venture on the beach or seawall. Temporary stockpiles and equipment parking isprohibitedonthebeach.
8. MONITORING FRAMEWORK
TheMonitoringFrameworkoutlinestheresponsibilitiesoftheMCTTDandGECItomonitortheenvironmental and social mitigation measures ensuring it is constructed and operated in amannerthatiscompliantwiththeregulationsandCEMPcommitments.
Monitoringshallstartassoonastheprojectisgiventhego‐ahead,andmonitorsshallbereadytobe mobilized prior to the onset of construction activities. Monitoring shall be implementedthroughoutallprojectphases.
8.1. MONITORING OBJECTIVES
TheobjectivesoftheEnvironmentalMonitoringFrameworkare:
Toensureprojectcomponentsareconductedincompliancewiththelawsandregulations.
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Tomeasurethesuccessofproposedmitigationmeasuresinminimizingand/orreducingpotentialenvironmentalandsocio‐economicimpacts.
Tocontinuouslymonitorchangestobaselineenvironmentalandsocialconditionsduringconstructionandoperationactivities.
Toimplementcorrectiveactionsornewadaptivemanagementprograms,asrequired,ifproposedmitigationmeasuresareunable to reduceand/oreliminatepotentialprojectrelatedimpacts,ormeetthepredeterminedlevelofperformance.
8.2. MONITORING PLAN
The EnvironmentalMonitoring Plan identifies the environmentalmonitoring requirements toensure that all the mitigation measures identified in this CEMP are implemented effectively.Environmentalmonitoringmethodologyforthisprojectincludes:
Auditofdetaileddesigns. Auditandapprovalofsiteenvironmentalplanningdocuments. Consultationswithcommunitiesandotherstakeholdersasrequired. Routinesiteinspectionofconstructionworkstoconfirmorotherwisetheimplementation
andeffectivenessofrequiredenvironmentalmitigationmeasures.Non‐complianceofimplementationofenvironmentalmitigationmeasuresidentifiedintheCEMPwillbeadvisedtoGECIinwritingbyMCTTD’snominatedEnvironmentalOfficerasrequired.Thenon‐compliancenotificationwill identifytheproblem,includingtheactionsGECIneedstotakeandatimeframeforimplementingthecorrectiveaction.
Thefollowingtableidentifiesthemonitoringactivitiestobecarriedoutduringtheduringthepre‐constructionandconstructionphasesoftheproject,
PARAMETER LOCATION MONITORING FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
DETAILEDDESIGN/PRE‐CONSTRUCTIONPHASE
Trafficsafety Designdocuments
EnsureTMPhasbeensubmittedandapproved
Priortosignoffoffinaldesigns
DesignConsultant
Aviationsafety Designdocuments
MOWPcompletewithdetailsofflightschedulesandemergencyprocedures.
Priortosignoffoffinaldesigns
DesignConsultant
Soilerosion Designdocuments
ConstructionscheduledforbetweenMayandDecember.Designsincludeerosionprotectionmeasures.
Priortosignoffoffinaldesigns
DesignConsultant
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PARAMETER LOCATION MONITORING FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Watersupply Designdocuments
Waterreclamationsystemsincludedindesigns(particularlyterminaldesign).
Priortosignoffoffinaldesigns
DesignConsultant
Importationofmaterialsandequipment
Importationpermits
Ensureinclusionindesignandmaterialspecificationsthatmaterialandequipmenttobefumigatedandfreeofcontamination.
GECItoorganizepriortoexportfromcountryoforigin.
GECI
Airportperimeterfence
Safeguardsdocuments
Inclusionofconsultationandpublicmeetingdetailsandminutesinthesocialandenvironmentalsafeguarddocumentationfortheproject.
BonrikivillagenominatedrepresentativeidentifiedfortheAirportSafetycommitteeandtheKAIPTaskForceCommittee
PriortoissueoftheEnvironmentLicense
DesignConsultant’sSafeguardsSpecialistsandMCTTD
CONSTRUCTION
Agreementforwastestorage
ConstructionContractor’srecords
Permitsand/oragreementswithlocalwastestorageproviders(e.g.TeinainanoUrbanCouncilandrecyclingcontractors).Inspectionofdisposalsites.
Permitand/oragreementswithinternationalwastefacilitiesareinplace(documentedevidence)andcorrecttransportcontainmentmethodsareavailable.
Documentationviewedpriortoconstructionworksstartingweeklyasapplicabletoscheduleofworks.
MCTTD
Soilerosion Areasofexposedsoilandearthmoving
Inspectionsatsitestoensuresiltfences,diversiondrainsetc.areconstructedasneeded.Inspectiontoensurereplantingandrestorationworkcompleted
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandaftersiterestoration.
MCTTD
Wastestorage Atconstructionsites
Inspectiontoensurewasteisnotaccumulatingandevidencewastehasbeenstockpiledforremovalfromisland.
Attheendoftheprojectensurethereisnoremainingnon‐recyclableorreusablematerialremaining.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
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PARAMETER LOCATION MONITORING FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Waterandsoilpollution
Atconstructionsites
Inspectionofsitestoensurewastecollectionindefinedarea;spillresponseplaninplaceandworkerstrained.Completespillkitsavailablewherehazardoussubstancessortedandhandled.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints
MCTTD
Dustandairemissions
Atconstructionsitesandadjacentsensitiveareas.
Siteinspections.Regularvisualinspectionstoensurestockpilesarecoveredwhennotinuseandtruckstransportingmaterialarecovered.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
Noise Atworksitesandsensitivelocations
Siteinspectionstoensureworkerswearingprotectiveequipmentwhenrequired.
Measurementofnoiselevelwithhand‐heldnoisemeternottoexceed70dB.
Publicsignagedetailingcomplaintsprocedureandcontactpeople/personondisplay.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
Storageoffuel,oil,etc.
Atworksitesandconstructioncamp.
Contractorstraininglog.
Regularsiteinspectionstoensurematerialisstoredwithinbundedareaandspillresponsetrainingforworkerscompleted.Visualinspectionofspillkitforcompletenessandaccessibility.
Weeklyasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
Vehicleandpedestriansafety
Atandnearworksites
RegularinspectionstocheckthatTMPisimplementedcorrectly(e.g.flagsanddiversionsinplace)andworkerswearingappropriatepersonnelprotectivegear.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
Constructionworkersandstaffsafety(personalprotectiveequipment)
Atworksites Inspectionstoensureworkershaveaccesstoandarewearing(whenrequired)appropriatepersonnelprotectiveequipment(e.g.forhandlinghazardousmaterials).
WB/IFCGuidelineshavebeenimplemented.
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
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PARAMETER LOCATION MONITORING FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Communitysafety
Atworksites Inspectionstoensuresignsandfencesrestrictingaccessareinplaceandpedestriandiversionroutesclearlymarked(whetherforaccesstoabuildingorhomeorparticularroute).
Weeklyinspectionasapplicabletoscheduleofworksandonreceiptofanycomplaints.
MCTTD
UXO
Knownorsuspected
historicalsitesoffighting.
AdopttheproceduresoftheKiribatiRoadRehabilitationProjectEMP
(Version3,October2013),particularlyTable3:Environmental
MonitoringPlan(page45).
Continuouswhileworkisoccurringinhighriskorsuspectedareas.
MCTTD
OPERATION
Accidentswithhazardousmaterialsorwastes
Airportsites Accidentreport Immediatelyafteraccident
ECD
Continuouswhileworkisoccurringinhighriskorsuspectedareas.
Onsite Inspectiontoensurenovisiblesheen(hydrocarboncontamination)indischargeandinspectionofmaintenancerecordstoensurecleanoutoffuelspillinterceptorsoccurringaspermanufacturer’sguidance.
Inspectiontoensurenoblockagesindrainagesystem.
Whenneeded,particularlyafterstormeventsandduringrainyseason
MPWU
Wastewatermanagement
Controltower Propermaintenanceofsepticsystem Quarterlyinspection(observation)atconnectiontosepticsystem.
CAD
Solidwastecollectionanddisposal(non‐hazardous)
Controltower Solidwastebeingcollectedandtakentoapproveddisposalsite(e.g.landfill)
TobearrangedwithTeinainanoUrbanCouncilasrequired
CAD
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8.3. MONITORING PLAN REPORTING
Throughout the construction period, GECI will include results of the CEMP monitoring in amonthlyreportforsubmissiontotheMCTTDwhoisresponsibleforsubmittingthesemonthlyprogress reports to thePAIPTechnical andFiduciary ServicesUnit (TFSU). The formatof themonthlyreportshallbeagreedwithallagenciesbut isrecommendedto includethe followingaspects:
Descriptionandresultsofenvironmentalmonitoringactivitiesundertakenduringthemonth.
Statusofimplementationofrelevantenvironmentalmitigationmeasurespertainingtotheworks.
Keyenvironmentalproblemsencounteredandactionstakentorectifyproblems. Summaryofnon‐compliancenotificationsissuedtotheContractorduringthemonth. Summaryofenvironmentalcomplaintsreceivedandactionstaken. Keyenvironmentalissuestobeaddressedinthecomingmonth.
A day to day contract diary is to bemaintained pertaining to administration of the contract,requestformsandordersgiventoGECI,andanyotherinformationwhichmayatalaterdatebeofassistanceinresolvingquerieswhichmayariseconcerningexecutionofworks.Thisdaytodaycontractdiary is to includeanyenvironmentalevents thatmayarise in thecourseof theday,includingincidentsandresponse,complaintsandinspectionscompleted.
DuringairportoperationstheTRWManagerswillincludeanenvironmentalmanagementsectionas part of their normal reporting the MCTTD. The environmental management section shallincludeananalysisoftheoperationmonitoringprogramme,anyenvironmentalissuesarisingandrecommendations(includingcostestimatesasrequired)forfurtheraction.
MCTTD is also responsible for project quarterly progress reports to the WB. This quarterlyprogressreportwillincludeasectiononenvironmentalcomplianceandissues.Thissectionwillcover (as a minimum) the overall compliance with implementation of the CEMP, anyenvironmentalissuesarisingasaresultofprojectworksandhowtheseissueswillberemediedormitigated,andthescheduleforcompletionofprojectworks.
Theproposedmajorreports,aswellastheindividualrolesandresponsibilitiesforreportingareoutlinedinthefollowingtable:
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REPORT PREPAREDBY SUBMITTEDTO CONTENT
DailyEnvironmentalReport
GECI’sSub‐contractorSiteForeman
GECI’sSiteEngineer
Dailylogofactivities.Dailygeneraldiscussionandcommunicationwithjobsiteinspectorsandcontractors.
Identificationofspecificissuesandpotentialincidents.Forwardplanningandscheduling
WeeklyEnvironmentalReport
GECI’sSiteEngineer
GECI’sProjectEnvironmentalManager
On‐goingcomplianceactivities,priorityactions,reviewofcompletedandscheduledconstructionactivities.
Summaryofincidentsandreporting(asrequired).
EnvironmentalIncidentReport(asrequired)
GECI’sSiteEngineer
MCCTD/AECOMProjectEnvironmentalManagerandGECI’sProjectEnvironmentalManager
Issues,practicesorincidentswhichmayimpacttheenvironment.Actionstakentoavoid,mitigate,investigateandrespondtotheincident,proceduresforevaluation,follow‐upofthesuccessofactionstakenandclosureofactions.
MonthlyEnvironmentalMonitoringReport
GECI’sProjectEnvironmentalManager
MCCTD/AECOMProjectEnvironmentalManager
SummaryofmonitoringdataalongwithassessmentofprogressagainstCEMPs.
Reportonstaffingandcomplianceissues.Summaryofcomplianceauditingreports.RequirementsforCEMPorprocedure,reportingorcommunicationsadjustments.
Recordofanysignificantincidentsandfollow‐up.
InternalDevelopmentEnvironmentalAudit
GECI’sSiteEngineer
MCCTD/AECOMProjectEnvironmentalManager
AssessmentofprogressagainstCEMPincludingnon‐complianceandcorrectiveactionreportswhererequired.
8.4. Non-Conformance, Incident and Corrective Action Reporting
Wheremonitoringand/orauditsindicatethatperformancedoesnotconformtoenvironmentalmanagement requirements, or further improvement in performance standards is necessary,correctiveactionwillberequired.
Investigationandcorrectiveactionproceduresshallbeestablishedto:
determinethecauseofnon‐conformance identifyandimplementcorrectiveaction initiatepreventativeactions applycontrolstoensurethatpreventativeactionsareeffective Recordanychangesinwrittenprocedureresultingfromthecorrectiveaction.
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INSPECTIONCHECKLIST
CEMPMonitoringPlanChecklist
Location:
Auditor:
AuditDate/Time(Start):
AuditDate/Time(Finish):
EnvironmentalIssue: Inspectionareas: Requirementsmet?
1.0ConstructionPhase
1.1SoilErosion Siltfencesanddiversiondrainsinplace Replantingandrestorationworkcompleted
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.2WasteaccumulationandDisposalAgreements
Goodhousekeepingaroundtheworksites Wastestockpiledindefinedareaswith
signagereadyforremoval Waste/recyclingpermits/agreementsinplace
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.3SoilandWaterPollution Wastecollectedindefinedareaon
impermeableground Appropriatespillresponseplan/kitinplace
forwastearea Freshwaterlenswaterqualityresultsighted,
andanyremedialactionsimplemented.
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
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EnvironmentalIssue: Inspectionareas: Requirementsmet?
1.0ConstructionPhase
1.4Dust Stockpilescoveredorkeptwetwhennotin
use Visualinspectionofambientdustconditions Trucktransportsarecovered
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.5Noise Workerswearingearprotectionasrequired Noiselevelmaximumof70dB
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.6HazardousSubstanceStorage(fuel/oil)
Hazardoussubstanceswithinbundonimpermeablesurface
Spillkitcompleteandaccessible Spilltrainingcompleted
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.7TrafficManagement
PlanImplementation
TrafficManagementPlan(TMP)implemented PPEisbeingwornbeworkers
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.8PersonalProtective
EquipmentUse
Workershaveaccessto,andusingappropriate,PPEforthetask.
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
1.9CommunitySafety Publicsignageofcomplaintsprocedure Signsandfencesrestrictordirectpedestrians
andpublicwhereappropriate
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
2.0OperationalPhase
2.1DrainageMaintenance Inspecttocheckforblockagesanddebris,
particularlyafterstormevents☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
2.2SepticSystemMaintenanceandUpkeepatControltower
Quarterlyinspectionofconnectionstosystem,forleaks
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 56
EnvironmentalIssue: Inspectionareas: Requirementsmet?
1.0ConstructionPhase
2.3SolidWasteCollection/DisposalfromControlTower
Solidnon‐hazardouswastebeingremovedtocouncilapproveddisposalsite
☐Yes☐No
IfNo,details:
ActionsRequired
IssueNo. ActionRequired?ByWhom? DateActionRequired?
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 57
Signoff
Signature: Date:
………………………………………………………….. ……………………………….
ANNEX A
PLANS AND DETAILED DESIGNS
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 58
ANNEX B
SCHEDULE OF EQUIPMENT
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 59
SCHEDULEOFEQUIPMENT
Thefollowingequipmentareproposedtobeutilizedontheconstructionphaseoftheproject:
1. Excavador / Digger
MAKE:HyundaiModel:Robex140w‐9YearofManufacturer:2013RecentServiceDate:TBD
2. Power Generator Set
MAKE:PRESCOTTModel:PG0330002YearofManufacturer:2016RecentServiceDate:Boughtin12/2016
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 60
3. Electrical Chain Saw
MAKE:MAKITAModel:UC3520AYearofManufacturer:2016RecentServiceDate:Boughtin12/2016
4. Concrete Mixer ‐ Diesel
MAKE:BATONModel:UNKNOWNYearofManufacturer:2014RecentServiceDate:12/2016
CONFIDENTIAL
GECI Ref.: GE478D478 Doc. Nº: 478D478-QL-04.E-TRW
Customer Ref.: MCTTD/G/NAV-AIDS-01 Page. 61
5. Concrete Mixer ‐ Electrical
MAKE:BATONModel:UNKNOWNYearofManufacturer:2016RecentServiceDate:Boughtin11/2016
6. Concrete Vibrator – Petrol
MAKE:ROBINModel:EY203CYearofManufacturer:UnknownRecentServiceDate:12/2016