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8/12/2019 Construction Ac Ing

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Accounting for Construction Contracts - Construction Tax Tips

What is Taxable Income?

When you are paid for work, the income you earn is taxable. This is true whether you are anemployee or a subcontractor. The income you earn from all side jobs is also taxable. It does notmatter whether you:

Are paid by cash or check,

Get a credit on a bill,

Receive other goods or services in exchange,

Collect the payment later, or

Receive a Form 1099 or W-2 (or not) showing the amount of income you earned.

Example:Joe, as an employee of ABC, Inc., installs cabinets. He also does remodeling sidejobs.

In addition to his wages from ABC, Inc., Joe's income includes everything he earns from his sidejobs, whether or not he receives a Form 1099.

When you work as an employee, your employer gives you a W-2 form that shows the income

you have earned. When you work for yourself, you may or may not receive a Form 1099 fromthe people you work for; however, you are responsible for keeping track of and reporting all ofyour income. Now that you know what is included in income, you need to choose an accountingmethod.

What is an Accounting Method?

Every taxpayer reports income and expenses on their tax return according to a method ofaccounting. An accounting method is a set of rules used to determine when and how to reportincome and expenses. Basically, accounting methods are divided into two categories - the cash

and accrual methods. There are several different accrual methods.

You must use an accounting method that clearly shows your income. An accounting methodclearly shows your income when it treats all income and expenses the same from year to yearand is appropriate for your line of work. Choosing the right method is important to your businessbecause it will affect when you report income and deduct expenses.

How Do I Choose a Method?
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There are special tax rules that control the accounting method you must use for your constructionbusiness. Generally, you choose your tax accounting method when you file your first tax returnfor the business.

Your choice of accounting method depends on:

1. The type of contracts you have,

2. Your contracts' completion status at the end of your tax year, and

3. Your average annual gross receipts.

Most construction businesses use two different tax accounting methods; one for their long-termcontracts and one overall method for everything else. A long-term contract is any contract that isnot completed in the same year it's started.

Most construction businesses use the Accrual Method for their overall method of accounting. SeetheAccrualsection for information on the Accrual Method.

Cash Method of Accounting

One method that some construction contractors can use for both their overall method and fortheir long-term contracts is the cash method. However, there are significant limitations on whocan and cannot use this method.

How Does the Cash Method of Accounting Work?

A contractor using the cash method of accounting reports cash receipts as income when receivedand deducts expenses when paid. If you pay an expense that benefits you for more than one tax

year, you must spread the cost over the period you receive the benefit.

Example:You pay $1,000 in Year 1 for a business insurance policy that is effective for oneyear, beginning July 1st. You can deduct $500 in Year 1 and $500 in Year 2.

In the cash method, income may be actually or constructively received. If you received a checkfrom a customer in Year 1 but did not deposit or cash it until Year 2, it is still included in incomein Year 1 because that's the year you actually received it.

Constructive receipt occurs when you have unrestricted access to income you have earned.

If a customer called you in December and told you that a payment for a job was ready, but youdidn't pick it up until January, you would have constructive receipt of the income in December.

If someone else receives the money for you, you have constructively received the money.

The key to constructive receipt is IF you could have received the money in one year but chosenot to receive it until a later year, it must be included in your income in the first year as if it hadbeen actually received in that year. You cannot postpone including it in your income until thenext year.
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What are the Limitations on the Use of the Cash Method?

There are two situations in which your use of the cash method of accounting can be limited.First, you are not allowed to use the cash method if your business is a corporation or apartnership with a C corporation as a partner, whose average annual gross receipts exceed $5

million. There is no exception to this limitation.

Second, depending on what type of business you have, you may not be allowed to use the cashmethod if your total purchases of "merchandise" for the year are "substantial" compared to yourgross income for the year.

So, what do the terms "merchandise" and "substantial" mean?

Merchandise includes any item physically incorporated in a product you transfer to yourcustomers. In the construction industry, merchandise is commonly called materials. For example,the lumber used to frame a building is merchandise for tax purposes.

Merchandise is generally considered to be substantial when it is at least 10% - 15% of your grossincome for the year. This percentage is not a hard and fast rule, but a guideline used in somecourt cases.

Exception to the Merchandise Limitation

An exception to the requirements to use an accrual method and to account for inventories isfound inRevenue Procedure 2001-10(PDF), which permits most small businesses with averageannual gross receipts of $1 million or less to use the cash method of accounting. Rev. Proc.2002-28 expanded the use of the cash method to average annual gross receipts of $10 million or

less.

The rest of this tax tip assumes you have to use one of the accrual methods and you use acalendar tax year, from the 1st of January to the 31st of December. The rules that follow showyou how to choose a method of accounting for your long-term contracts.

Accrual Methods of Accounting

If you can't use the cash method, you must choose an accrual method of accounting. In the

construction industry, there are several specialized accrual methods available, each of which hasits own set of rules and limitations. In general, all accrual methods attempt to match the expensesthat relate to a specific contract to the income from that contract.

The rest of this tax tip concentrates on helping you choose the correct accrual method for yourconstruction business and assumes that you use a calendar tax year, from the 1st of January to the31st of December.
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If you are a small contractor, the second part of this step requires that you separate your long-term general construction contracts into two categories. The first category is those contracts thatare reasonably likely to be completed within two years from the date work begins.

The second category is long-term general construction contracts that you estimate will take two

years or more to complete. For these longer-duration contracts, you must use a large contractormethod, even though you are a small contractor.

Example:Carl's Construction had average annual gross receipts for the last three tax years ofless than $10 million. In 2000, Carl had 20 contracts.

At the time he entered 19 of the contracts, he estimated they could be completed in less than twoyears from when they are started. He estimated one of the contracts would take three years tocomplete. Carl will use the large contractor rules for that one contract and the small contractorrules for the other 19 contracts.

Example:Use the same facts as the last example, except assume Carl's Construction had averageannual gross receipts of $12 million for the last three tax years. Since his average annual grossreceipts for the last three years were over $10 million, Carl is required to use the large contractorrules for all of his contracts. The estimated completion time of the contracts does not matter.

Are You a Small or Large Contractor?

Determine if you are either a small or large contractor by answering the following questions:

Q: Are your annual gross receipts for the last 3 years $10 million or less?Y: Answer the next question.

N: As a Large Contractor, you must use the Percentage of Completion Method (PCM) for yourgeneral construction contracts.

Q: Do you have any general construction contracts that you estimate will take more than 2 yearsto complete?Y: Use Percentage of Completion Method (PCM) for your longer-duration general constructioncontracts.N: As a Small Contractor, you should use either: Accrual,Exempt Percentage of CompletionMethod (EPCM),Completed Contract Method (CCM), or Percentage of Completion Method(PCM) for all your general construction contracts.

This table shows the methods that are available to use on your general construction contracts.Most contractors will use the Accrual Method for their overall method of accounting.

LONG-TERM CONTRACT METHODS
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TYPE OF CONTRACTOR* ACCRUAL EPCM PCM CCM

Small Contractor YES YES YES YES

Large Contractor NO NO YES NO

* The overall method should be accrual.

Types of Costs

Before you can understand how the different accrual methods work, it's important to know aboutthe different types of costs your construction business will have.

The two basic categories of costs your construction business will have are job costs and generaland administrative (or G&A) costs.

Job Costs are the expenses related, either directly or indirectly, to the construction job, likeconstruction wages, materials, and allocated indirect costs. G&A Expenses are the day-to-dayexpenses of running the business, like office expenses and utilities. However, certainadministrative costs are sometimes treated like indirect job costs to figure the income earned on acontract.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative (G&A) expenses are indirect costs of operating a constructionbusiness that cannot be traced to specific jobs. However, certain administrative costs may betreated like indirect job costs.

For example, the wages paid to the person in the office who keeps track of the costs for each jobis a G&A type expense that would be treated as an indirect job cost. On the other hand, sellingand advertising costs are G&A expenses that would not be treated like indirect job costs.

Generally, your G&A expenses will be deductible under the accrual rules, as explained later.

Job Costs

Job costs are divided into two groups. Direct job costs such as labor, materials, and subcontractorexpenses can be traced directly to the construction project. The wage paid to a site manger is anexample of a direct labor cost. Similarly, direct materials would include lumber for framing ahouse or concrete for the foundation of a shopping center.


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Direct costs also include amounts paid to subcontractors. Subcontractors work for and are paidby the general contractor on a project. Subcontractors may also provide the raw materials for thejob. Labor and materials provided by a subcontractor are generally treated as direct costs.

Indirect job costs are all the costs necessary for the performance of the contract other than direct

materials, direct labor, and subcontractors. The expenses included in indirect job costs differdepending on whether you are a small or large contractor.

Allocating Indirect Costs

You have learned that indirect job costs benefit the project but are not tied as clearly to it asdirect costs are. Indirect job costs often involve expenses that benefit more than one job and mustbe allocated among all the jobs that received benefit.

Example:Norm started three different jobs in 2000. None of the jobs were completed by the endof 2000. He spent 6 months on the first job, 4 months on the second job, and 2 months on the

third job.

He had $12,000 of indirect costs to be allocated to the three jobs. Norm would allocate theindirect costs as:

First Job6 mo. X $12,000 = $6,000 Allocated Indirect Costs12 mo.

Second Job4 mo. X $12,000 = $4,000 Allocated Indirect Costs

12 mo.

Third Job2 mo. X $12,000 = $2,000 Allocated Indirect Costs12 mo.

Indirect Job Costs for Small Contractors

Repair & maintenance expenses for equipment & facilities

Utilities

Rent of equipment & facilities Quality control

Taxes relating to labor, materials, supplies, equipment or facilities

Administrative costs

Indirect materials and supplies

Tools & Equipment

Depreciation

Insurance on equipment & machinery


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Indirect labor and contract supervisory wages

Production period interest expense

Small Contractor Methods

Accrual Method of Accounting

Income:You include an item in income in the tax year when all events have occurred that fixyour right to receive the income and you can determine the amount with reasonable accuracy.Generally, this means you:

Report income:

When it's earned, or

When it's duefrom the customer, or

When it's receivedfrom the customer

Whichever is earlier

Income is generally earned when you have finished the work to your customer's satisfaction anddue when you bill your customer. This means that sometimes you will include an item in incomebefore you have actually received payment.

You may use this method for your long-term contracts only if your annual gross receipts do notexceed $10 million AND the estimated completion time does not exceed 2 years.

Advance PaymentsGenerally, advance payments for services are included in income when you receive the payment.

You may delay including an advance payment in income until the next tax year for services youwill perform in a subsequent year per the provisions of Revenue Procedure 2004-34.

Expenses:G&A expenses and job costs are deducted in the tax year you incur them. An expenseis incurred:

the later of:

When the merchandise or services are received, or

When the amount of the expense can be accurately determined

This means that sometimes you will deduct expenses before you actually pay them. However, ifyou pay an expense that benefits you for more than one tax year, you must spread the cost overthe period you receive the benefit. You also cannot take an immediate deduction for any capitalexpenditures. Examples of capital expenditures are buildings, machinery, equipment, furnitureand fixtures, and similar property having a useful life substantially beyond the taxableyear. Generally, capital expenditures must be deducted by means of depreciation oramortization. For more information on depreciation, please seeHow to Depreciate Property.
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Accrual Example:Cooper's Construction agreed to remodel Steve's office. Cooper uses theaccrual method and estimates the job will take about 6 weeks.

He finished the job on December 8 of Year 1 and sent Steve a bill on December 15 for $8,000.Steve paid it in full on January 22 of Year 2.

On December 1 of Year 1, Cooper received a $4,500 invoice from the lumberyard for thematerials used on the job. He paid it on January 5 of Year 2. Cooper also had $2,000 of G&Acosts for Year 1.

On the accrual method of accounting, Cooper will report the $8,000 income from this contract inYear 1 because the income had been earned when the job was completed. He will deduct the$4,500 of job costs and the $2,000 of G&A costs in Year 1 because the expenses had beenincurred in that year.

The one variation on the accrual method is an election to exclude retainages from income until

you have an unconditional right to receive them. If you make this election, you also have to waitto deduct retainages payable until they are paid.

You cannot elect to exclude retainages if you use the PCM or CCM methods.

For the cash or accrual method of accounting, it isn't necessary to trace job costs to a particularjob. However, many businesses keep track of which costs relate to which job to have moreaccurate data on the profitability of their jobs and to improve their bidding process. If you use thePercentage of Completion or Completed Contract Method, it is very important to keep each job'scosts separate.

There are some advantages to using the Accrual Method:

It provides better matching of income and expenses

It gives a more accurate picture of your financial position than the cash method

If you have jobs that extend over the year-end, you may want to choose the Percentage ofCompletion or Completed Contract Method. They may be more advantageous to you than theaccrual method.

Exempt Percentage of Completion Method - General Rule

The Exempt Percentage of Completion Method (EPCM) is a method that only affects how yourincome is computed and reported on your tax return. When you use this method, all G&A andjob costs are deducted using the accrual method.

With this method, you report income from long-term contracts as work progresses. A long-termcontract is any contract that spans a year-end. If you have a contract that you start on December26th but do not complete until January 23rd, you have a long-term contract. You will reportsome income in each year of a long-term contract.


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There are several advantages to using EPCM:

It is the most accurate way to measure income

It evens out the reporting of income over the life of the contract

Losses may be recognized based on the percentage of the contract completed

It is the method preferred by most banks and bonding companies

The main disadvantage is its complexity and the fact that it accelerates income compared to othermethods.

To determine your current year's gross receipts from a long-term contract, you multiply its"completion factor" (i.e., percentage of completion) by its "total contract price" and then subtractthe amount of gross receipts you previously reported for this contract. You compute your grossreceipts in this way even if you bill the customer for a different amount.

There are two ways to compute your income under EPCM, either the cost comparison method orthe work comparison method. Both of these methods are explained in detail below.

EPCM Cost Comparison Method

You compute your income under this method by dividing the deductible job costs for the year bythe estimated total job costs. This percentage is multiplied by the contract price to figure out howmuch income to report in each year. The contract price has to include all retainages receivable,any change orders agreed upon at the time of the computation, and any reimbursements for costsincurred by the contractor.

The income to be reported on the tax return is computed this way even if the customer is billed a

different amount.

Notice that even though G&A and Job Costs are deducted under the accrual method, Job Costsare used in the computation of income under the EPCM Cost Comparison Method.

EPCM Cost Comparison Method Example:Calvin's Construction contracted with Tom andAllison to build a warehouse for their business. Calvin estimated the construction would takeabout 9 months, starting on October 1, 2000. This was Calvin's only contract for the year and heuses Old PCM and a cost comparison method.

The total contract price was $300,000 and estimated total costs for the contract were $250,000.

By December 31, 2000, Calvin had billed Tom and Allison $100,000 and spent $75,000 indeductible job costs. Calvin's G&A expenses for the year were $10,000. He computes incomelike this:

The job costs deductible in 2000 divided by the total estimated costs for the contract equals thepercentage of the contract that is completed in 2000. Multiply that percentage by the contractprice to get the amount of income to report in 2000.


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Costs deductible in 2000 $75,000 = 30% CompletedTotal estimated costs $250,000

$300,000Contract Price

X 30%Percentage of Completion for 2000

$ 90,000Income to be reported in 2000

Calvin's net income for the year is:

$ 90,000Contract Income

(75,000)Job Costs

(10,000)G&A Costs

$ 5,000Net Income

EPCM Work Comparison Method

You compute a contract's completion factor by comparing the work performed to date toestimated work to be performed. For each year of the contract, the completion factor must becertified by an architect or engineer or otherwise supported by appropriate documentation.

EPCM Work Comparison Method Example:

Charlie contracted with Murphy to build a building. Charlie estimated the construction wouldtake about 18 months, starting on July 1 of Year 1. Charlie uses Old PCM and the workcomparison method.

The contract price was $1,500,000. By December 31 of Year 1, Charlie had finished one-third ofthe work on the building (certified by the architect) and he had billed Murphy $550,000 andincurred $410,000 in job costs on the first restaurant. His G&A costs for Year 1 were $20,000.He computes his Year 2 net income like this:

Work Performed to Date = 33.33% CompletedEstimated Work to be Performed


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Contract Price$1,500,000

CompletedX 33.33%

Income to be Reported in Year 1$ 500,000

Job Costs( 410,000)

G&A Costs( 20,000)

Year 1 Net Income$ 70,000

By December 31 of Year 2, Charlie had finished the other two restaurants. In Year 2, he billedMurphy $950,000 and incurred $840,000 in job costs. His G&A costs were $30,000. Hecomputes his Year 2 net income like this:

Work Performed to Date = 100% CompletedEstimated Work to be Performed

Contract Price$1,500,000

CompletedX 100 %

Total Income$1,500,000

Income Reported in Year 1 ( 500,000)

Income to be Reported in Year 2$1,000,000

Job Costs( 840,000)

G&A Costs( 30,000)

Year 2 Net Income$ 130,000

The computation for the entire contract is:

Year 1 Year 2 Total

Income $500,000 $1,000,000 $1,500,000

Job Costs (410,000) (840,000) (1,250,000)


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Contract Profit $90,000 $160,000 $250,000

G&A Costs (20,000) (30,000) (50,000)

Net Income $70,000 $130,000 $200,000

Notice that the income to be reported on the tax return is different than the amount billed to the

customer in each year of the contract.

Completed Contract Method

With this method, you report all the income from the contract and deduct all the related job costsin the year the project is considered complete.

The number of indirect costs that you must characterize as job costs will vary depending on yoursize. In general, a large homebuilder has to capitalize a greater number of indirect costs than asmall homebuilder or small general contractor. You should consult your tax advisor regardingtypes of indirect costs that you must capitalize.

G&A expenses, net of any amounts included in job costs, should be deducted as explained in theAccrual Method.

Completed Contract Method Example:

Craig uses CCM. In June of Year 1, he contracted with Murphy to build a restaurant for$500,000. The estimated total costs for the contract were $400,000. On March 31 of Year 2, thecontract was completed and Murphy accepted the building.

As of December 31 of Year 1, Craig had $370,000 of job costs tied to the contract. From January

1 to March 31 of Year 2, he incurred another $30,000 of job costs on the restaurant.

Craig's income and job costs from other contracts in Year 1 and Year 2 were:

Year 1 Year 2

Income $750,000 $300,000

Job Costs (525,000) (225,000)

G&A Costs (75,000) (85,000)

Net Income (Loss) $150,000 ($10,000)

Under CCM, Craig must capitalize all the job costs related to the restaurant contract and wait todeduct them until the job is completed and the income is reported in Year 2. In Year 1 and Year2 Craig will report:

Year 1 Year 2

Gross Income $750,000 $800,000


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Job Costs (525,000) (625,000)

G&A Expenses (75,000) (85,000)

Net Income $150,000 $90,000

The advantage of the completed contract method is that it normally achieves the maximum

deferral of taxes.

The disadvantages of the completed contract method are:

The books and records do not show clear information on operations

Income can be bunched into a year when a lot of jobs are completed, and

Losses on contracts are not deductible until the contracts are completed

It is important to note that the Completed Contract Method may only be used by smallcontractors and any home construction contracts.

Many taxpayers will choose to use PCM as their long-term contract method for their books (sothey can give their banks and bonding companies the type of financial statements they prefer)and CCM for their tax returns (so they can have the maximum deferral of taxes).

How Do You Account for Home Construction Contracts? Read the section.

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Page Last Reviewed or Updated: 16-Apr-2014

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General tcodes

F110- Parameters for Automatic PaymentFB60- Enter Incoming InvoicesOBYC- C FI Table T030
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SLIS- FI-SL Spec.Purpose Ledg. Info.SystemFERT- Flow of cost tracePR00- Travel expensesFBL3N- G/L Account Line ItemsJ1IEX- Incoming Excise Invoices

OCRD- Number Range Maintenance: FCRPFB01- Post DocumentXD01- Create Customer (Centrally)FS00- G/L acct master record maintenanceFBL5N- Customer Line ItemsFBL1N- Vendor Line ItemsFTXP- Maintain Tax Code

Complete list of FI General tcodes

Localization tcodes FI-LOC

J1IEX- Incoming Excise InvoicesJ1ID- Rate maint & amend open po's/so'sJ1IIN- Outgoing Excise InvoiceJ1IS- Excise invoice for other movementsJ1IH- Create Excise JVDMEE- DMEE: Format Tree Maintenance ToolJ1I5- Register creation for RG23 and RG1J2IUN- Monthly utilizationJ1IJ- Excise invoice selec. at depot saleJ1INCHLN- Challan Number Updation

J1BNFE- NF-e/CT-e MonitorJ1IFQ- Challan : Reconcile QuantityJ1IG- RG23D register receipt at depotJ1IV- Excise post & print for others mvmtsJ1IF01- Subcontracting Challan : Create

Complete list of Localization tcodes FI-LOC

General Ledger Accounting tcodes FI-GL

FBL3N- G/L Account Line ItemsFS00- G/L acct master record maintenanceFBL5N- Customer Line ItemsFBL1N- Vendor Line ItemsFBCJ- Cash JournalFAGLL03- G/L Account Line Items (New)FAGLB03- Display BalancesFAGL_FC_VAL- Foreign Currency Valuation
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FB50L- Enter G/L Account Doc for Ledger GrpFSP0- G/L acct master record in chrt/acctsFAGLGVTR- G/L: Balance Carried ForwardFSE2- Change Financial Statement VersionGP12N- FI-SL: Change Plan Data

FBB1- Post Foreign Currency ValnFAGL3KEH- General Ledger: Default Profit Ctr

Complete list of General Ledger Accounting tcodes FI-GL

Contract Accounts Receivable and Payable tcodes FI-CA

EMMA- Log Analysis and Case CreationFPY1- Payment Run / Debit Memo RunFPE1- Post DocumentFPCOPARA- Correspondence Printing

FPP1- Create Contract PartnerFPL9- Display Account BalanceCAA1- Create Contract AccountFPCJ- Cash JournalFQEVENTS- EventsMKK- Mass Contract InvoicingCARP- BP Cust: Fld. Mof. Ext. ApplicationFPVA- Dunning ProposalCASE- CA Control: Role Type GroupingCAA2- Change Contract AccountFPBW- BW Extraction of Open Items

Complete list of Contract Accounts Receivable and Payable tcodes FI-CA

Asset Accounting tcodes FI-AA

AFAB- Post depreciationASIM- Simulation of asset postingAS91- Create Old AssetAS01- Create Asset Master RecordAS02- Change Asset Master RecordAW01N- Asset ExplorerABUMN- Transfer within Company CodeAJAB- Year-End ClosingF-90- Acquisition from purchase w. vendorAJRW- Fiscal Year ChangeAO90- Account assignmt AcquisitionsASKB- Periodic Asset PostingsAFAR- Recalculate Depreciation
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ABT1N- Intercompany Asset TransferOASV- Enter G/L Account Postings

Complete list of Asset Accounting tcodes FI-AA

Funds Management tcodes FI-FM

DECK- Cash Holding YearsCJCO- Carry Forward Project BudgetFMX1- Create Funds ReservationKOCO- Budget Carryforward for OrdersFMZ1- Create Funds CommitmentFMCIA- Edit Commitment ItemFMWA- Create Funds TransferFMWC- Display Funds TransferFMZ3- Display Funds Commitment

FMX3- Display Funds ReservationFMSU- Change Status AssignmentFMX2- Change Funds ReservationFMEQ- FMCA: Run Drilldown ReportFMEM- FMCA: Display Drilldown ReportFM5I- FIFM: Create Fund

Complete list of Funds Management tcodes FI-FM

Bank Accounting tcodes FI-BL

FF_5- Import Electronic Bank StatementFI12- Change House Banks/Bank AccountsF111- Parameters for Payment of PRequestFEBAN- Bank statement postprocessingOBPM4- Payment Medium Selection VariantsFIBLFFP- Free Form PaymentOBPM1- Maintenance of Pymt Medium FormatsOBPM3- Payment Medium Formats (Customer)FBPM- Payment medium program of PMWFBPM1- Cross-Payment Run Payment MediumFCHV- C FI Maintain Table TVOIDFF_6- Display Electronic Bank StatementFRFT- Rapid Entry with Repetitive CodeOBPM2- Maintenance of Note to PayeeFRFT_B- Repetitive Codes: Payment to Banks

Complete list of Bank Accounting tcodes FI-BL
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Travel Management tcodes FI-TV

PR00- Travel expensesHUGO- Settings for Travel PlanningPR05- Travel Expense Manager

PR01- Maintain (Old) Trip DataPRAA- Automatic Vendor MaintenancePRTS- Overview of TripsPRRW- Post Accounting DataPRFI- Posting to Financial AccountingPR02- Travel CalendarPREC- Travel Expenses Accounting ProgramAPOLLO- Apollo BypassAMADEUS- Amadeus DirectPRD1- Create DMETRIP- Travel Manager

PR04- Edit Weekly Reports

Complete list of Travel Management tcodes FI-TV

Lease Accounting tcodes FI-LA

FIEH01- Process Contracts with ErrorsFILATEST- Process Processing Initial Screen0FILA- Customizing LAE Initial ScreenFILAEXPL- Display Lease

FILAEXAM- Lease: Process AnalysisFILAHELP- List Available Help ProgramsFILASYST- Jump to IMG for System Customizing

Complete list of Lease Accounting tcodes FI-LA

Retail Ledger tcodes FI-RL

RETAIL_ITEMS- Line Items Retail Ledger

Complete list of Retail Ledger tcodes FI-RL

Generic Contract Accounts Receivable and Payable tcodesFI-CAX

FSCQS000- Acct Determ. for Receivables Accts

Read more:http://www.tcodesearch.com/transaction-codes/search?module=fi#ixzz37RQBsBoh
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