constraining the redshift of reionization using a “modest” array
DESCRIPTION
Jonathan Bittner Advisor: Avi Loeb MWA Meeting June 5 th 2011. Constraining the redshift of reionization using a “modest” array. Global experiments can constrain the redshift of reionization. Bowman and Rogers, Nature 2011. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Constraining the redshift of reionization using a “modest” array
Jonathan Bittner
Advisor: Avi LoebMWA Meeting June 5th 2011
Bowman and Rogers, Nature 2011
Global experiments can constrain the redshift of reionization
Generically, the EOR has peak variance when universe is half-ionized
1’2’
4’
0.6° 1°
2°
150 kHz300 kHz
1.2 MHz
600 kHz
@150kHz @ 1arcmin
Why think about this?
• A simple constraint to compare to CMB and EDGES
• Not an integrated constraint (like CMB), one which actually depends on rate at which reionization proceeded
• First detection of cosmological 21-cm signal
The excess variance at z_reion can be measured over noise
+
total
w/osignal
Ratio of signal / noise (z)
Signal profile and realization
“Effective noise”
signal
For tint=500, Δν=2.4 MHz, θw = 1.2º
The redshift of reionization can be detected (in principle) with 32T
MWA 32T's dense uv-coverage would help overcome many issues
Without synthesis With rotation synthesis
Judd Bowman, personal communication
Foreground subtraction works best at scales with good UV coverage
Liu, Tegmark, Zaldarriaga 2008 Bowman, Morales, Hewitt 2009
Thanks!
More information at:
JCAP04(2011)038
arxiv:1006:5460
Dense UV coverage should lessen problem of point-source “frizz”
… the small-scale synthesized beam frizz seen in Figure 1 is largely averaged away when expanding the sky into long-wavelength Fourier modes, whereas the small-scale modes are severely affected. The characteristic scale separating “short" and “long" Fourier modes is determined by the longest baseline radius for which u-v coverage is complete.
Liu 2008
Bowman 2009
However, after the residual map is transformed back to the Fourierdomain, it becomes evident that the polynomial fit has actually done an excellent job of subtracting the foreground contamination from baselines within a radius of u < 500λ, and only a poor job for baselines beyond this radius… where visibility measurements with the MWA become sufficiently sparse that there is no longer complete coverage.
We use 21-cm FAST to test this idea
• Large cosmological volume (600 Mpc)
• Low computational requirements – will run on workstation in < 1 day
• Close match to simulations on large scales
z=9.25, xHI
=0.41
We create simulated beams through data cube
• Constant comoving width
• Gaussian or square top-hat averaging
• Random periodic boundary conditions
• z=7 to z=15, Δz=0.25• Vary frequency and
beam-width resolution[For illustration onlyNot a real 3D image]
We assume a very modest instrument
• 32 tiles, 32x16 dipoles (fixed)• Tile layout as given for MWA 32T by J. Bowman
(private communication)• Atot = 460 m² at 158 MHz• Integration: 200-1000 Hours
– (about 1000 per year is usable)
• Varying:• Beam Width (θw): 4 arcmin to 2.4º• Frequency resolution: 150 KHz to 2.4 MHz
Furlanetto, Peng, Oh (2006).
θw
δTb(z) and xHII in our realization
The effective thermal noise is the sampling error in the noise
Red line will differ due to finite resolution
Excess due to reionization
New definitions
The peaks occur roughly at xi=0.5 if taken at large scales