Constitutional Development in England

VocabularyParliamentMagna Carta

VocabularyOliver CromwellEnglish Civil War

VocabularyRestorationGlorious Revolution

VocabularyBill of Rightsconstitutional monarchy

Democracy in England

VocabularyWilliam and MaryHabeas corpus

ENGLAND:Evolution of Constitutional Monarchy

King John – Magna Carta (1215)

1625-1689:Charles I – beheaded for absolute ruleCromwell – civil war for absolute power Charles II – Restoration; habeas corpusJames II – Catholic; fled after 3 yrs.Wm & Mary – Bill of Rights (1689)

»»» Constitutional Monarchy basis of American system (w/o monarch)

King JohnConniving, egocentric,

untrustworthyAbused power

◦Imprisoned enemies◦Imposed heavy taxes◦Held (& killed) children of lords

King John

Hated by barons→rebellionUnder pressure, signed the Magna

Carta,1215Died in 1216

◦Law upheld

King Charles IDismissed Parliament several

timesResulted in English Civil War

◦Led by Oliver CromwellCaptured, imprisoned, beheaded

Oliver CromwellLed the Roundheads against king

◦English Civil War, 16421649, abolished monarchyBecame military dictator

◦Imposed Puritan moralityRuled until death, 1658

“Merry” King Charles II“Restoration” of monarch to

power, 1660Developed Cavalier King Charles

SpanielsSigned “habeas corpus”

King James IIYounger brother of Charles IICatholic Glorious Revolution, 1688

Overthrown “for sake of Protestantism”

Older daughter, Mary, asked to replace

King William & Queen Maryr. 1689-1702signed the Bill of Rights

◦free to speak◦no taxes w/o Parliament◦no laws w/o Parliament◦right to bear arms

King William & Queen Mary

“Constitutional monarchy”◦Monarch & Parliament rule together◦Shared power → stalemate

Cabinet developed◦Officials worked between both