UNESCO-MEXT Regional Thematic Symposium on Sustainable Science

Panel 2: Sustainability in Asia and the Pacific

Conserving natural resources and promoting higher education

Sustainability Science in Action: The Malaysian ExperienceNor Aieni Haji Mokhtar, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

・Epicentre of Highest Marine Biodiversity of the World

・A region with high impacts of human activity/climate change

・A region of highest potential diversity

Coastal waters of Southeast Asia

The Coral Triangle Initiative-

Coral Reefs Fisheries and Food

Security (CTI-CFF)

The UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goal

SDG14 Ocean

“To converseand sustainably use

the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”

Global patterns of species richness as compiled from OBIS Database

Ocean Environment Challenges

Pollution

Overfishing

Disaster

Development

Oil and Gas

TOWARDS CAPACITY BUILDING : SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND BLUE GROWTH

OCEANSCIENCE

POLICY

GOVERNANCE

INNOVATION

PLAN EXECUTIONCOLLABORATION

• ASEAN-FEN proposed the first 9 initial“working” universities as theprincipal members and theremaining, as well as futuremembers, as associate members inorder to facilitate bettermanagement and communicationwith other fisheries and aquaculturenetwork in both ASEAN and the EUregion.

• Currently ASEAN-FEN comprised of 9core and 10 associate institutionalmembers respectively from Malaysia,Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, ThePhilippines, Myanmar, Cambodia andLaos.

• Recently another three new leadingAsia Fisheries Faculties, HokkaidoUniversity, Ocean University of Chinaand CVASU Chittagong have joinedthe ASEAN FEN named as the ASEANFEN + members

Enhancing the fisheries and aquaculture sector througheducation, research, and public outreach in the region

Global partners:Ghent University, ULBEU Grant H2020

Ocean University of ChinaYellow Sea research InstituteBeiBao aquaculture

Coral Triangle Initiative-Coral reefs, Fisheries and Food Security

Atmospheric and Oceanographic Studies

Initialized at 00UTC 19-03-2012

Surface current

Surface Salinity Surface Temperature

RV Discovery

2012 discovery of upwelling along East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia during southwestmonsoon

Temperature profile: Thermocline uplifting

EL NINO SOUTHERNOSCILLATION INDEX

(ENSO)

• Satellite images (MODIS):

• Cooler Sea surface Temperature along the Peninsula Malaysia coast

PREDICTING OCEAN PRODUCTIVITIES THROUGH UPWELLING STUDIES

At South• Advection is found.• Current: Prove of advection and influence the width of cool water

band.August: The month where the biggest upwelling band is found.• In August, the intensity of current that advect the cold water from

Kalimata coast to east coast of PM is strongest, creating the biggest upwelling band.

At North• Bending of cool water band away from the east coast of PM is found.• Influence by the current at north part of east coast of PM that bring

away the water.

Teaching and Research in Oceanography and Marine Science

Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI)

Coral Sea

South

China

Sea

7SEAFish Justice

5.7 million square kilometressupports120 million people

In 2009, the six Coral Triangle countries – Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste – formed the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security (CTI-CFF) to address the threats faced by the marine and coastal resources of the Coral Triangle.

Protecting

the Coral Triangle

FISHES

MICROBES

BENTHOS

Terengganu Islands

RANGE CATEGORIES

1.00 - 0.80 Very Healthy

0.79 - 0.60 Healthy

0.59 - 0.40 Fair

0.39 - 0.20 Degraded

0.19 - 0.00 Very Degraded

MCHI

Reef BenthicCover

Coral Video Transect

Fish Biomass Estimation

Visual

Vibrio DensityCount

Culture

AcroporaPorites

Galaxea

Echinopora

Pocillopora Diploastrea

Astreopora

Cyphastrea

GonioporaMerulina

Pachyseris

Pectinia

Chromisviridis

Pomacentrus amboinensis

Neopomacentrus violascens

Abudefduf sexfasciatus

Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster

Amphiprion perideraion

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

Susu

Dar

a K

ecil

Isla

nd

Toko

ng

Bu

run

g Is

lan

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awa

Isla

nd

Sere

ngg

eh Is

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d

Tan

jun

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iga

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och

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uan

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isan

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Pas

ir M

asB

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Mo

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ula

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r Te

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ah Is

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Co

ral R

eef

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ex

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

Susu DaraArchipelago

PerhentianBesar

PerhentianKecil

Lang TengahIsland

RedangArchipelago

BidongArchipelago

Co

ral R

eef

Hea

lth

Ind

ex

Very Degraded

Degraded

Fair

Healthy

MCHI of Terengganu IslandsMARINE PROTECTED AREAS – Coral Health Index

Program Activities 2016: National Scientific Cruise 20162 August 2016- 23 September 2016

Severe Coastal erosion faced by UMT Campus (2014)

Proposed coastal protection and development for UMT sustainable campus

UNESCO-IOC WESTPAC ADVISORY GROUP

.

UPWELLING STUDIES WORKING GROUP

MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT WORKING GROUPCurrent and Wave energy Devices

OTEC

Conclusions

Problems and opportunities are interconnected and must be addressed in an integrated manner through Science Policy Interface facilitation and effective implementation

Integration must occur: across the terrestrial and marine domains; Trans-disciplinary differing needs over time; and Marine Spatial Planning Balancing between the need for development and environmental protection

Thank You