Conrad Freuling Thomas SelhorstThomas Müller

Conrad Freuling Thomas SelhorstThomas Müller

Friedrich-Loeffler-InstitutFederal Research Institute for Animal HealthWHO CC for Rabies Surveillance and ResearchOIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany

Friedrich-Loeffler-InstitutFederal Research Institute for Animal HealthWHO CC for Rabies Surveillance and ResearchOIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany

The financial challenge to keep a The financial challenge to keep a large area free from rabies – large area free from rabies – the EU example the EU example

The financial challenge to keep a The financial challenge to keep a large area free from rabies – large area free from rabies – the EU example the EU example

ORV in EuropeORV in Europeimplementation of programmesimplementation of programmes

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

Field trials

ORV in EuropeORV in Europevaccination areas & rabies in 2006vaccination areas & rabies in 2006

The EU exampleThe EU exampleWhat if rabies freedom is achieved?What if rabies freedom is achieved?

EU recommendations:EU recommendations: Establishment of a vaccination belt (Establishment of a vaccination belt (cordon sanitairecordon sanitaire))

50 km buffer zone 50 km buffer zone Vaccination strategyVaccination strategy

twice a year (spring / autumn)twice a year (spring / autumn) 30 baits / km²30 baits / km² aerial distribution (95%) aerial distribution (95%) complementary hand distribution (5%)complementary hand distribution (5%)

The EU exampleThe EU exampleHow to keep rabies freedom?How to keep rabies freedom?

The EU exampleThe EU exampleThe vaccination beltThe vaccination belt

250,822 km² 250,822 km² calculated with GIScalculated with GIS250,822 km² 250,822 km² calculated with GIScalculated with GIS

Cost estimate:Cost estimate: Considering maximum & minimum prices forConsidering maximum & minimum prices for

vaccine baits vaccine baits (0.45 – 0.9 € / dose)(0.45 – 0.9 € / dose) fixed-wing aircrafts fixed-wing aircrafts (1.5 – 4 € / km²)(1.5 – 4 € / km²) helicopters helicopters (37 € / km²)(37 € / km²) ORV monitoring ORV monitoring (5 € / km² / a)(5 € / km² / a)

Rabies surveillanceRabies surveillance Bait-up takeBait-up take SerologySerology Virus typingVirus typing

The EU exampleThe EU exampleWhat does it cost?What does it cost?

The EU exampleThe EU exampleAnnual costs!Annual costs!

Vacc. area in km²Vacc. area in km² minmin Mio €Mio € maxmax

FinlandFinland 24,38024,380 0.980.98 1.631.63

EstoniaEstonia 10,09610,096 0.400.40 0.670.67

LatviaLatvia 14,63614,636 0.580.58 0.980.98

LithuaniaLithuania 28,00028,000 1.121.12 1.871.87

PolandPoland 47,15647,156 1.881.88 3.163.16

SlovakiaSlovakia 4,7674,767 0.190.19 0.310.31

HungaryHungary 24,72324,723 0.990.99 1.651.65

RomaniaRomania 63,92463,924 2.562.56 4.284.28

BulgariaBulgaria 18,11318,113 0.720.72 1.211.21

SloveniaSlovenia 14,37214,372 0.570.57 0.960.96

AustriaAustria 655655 0.020.02 0.040.04

totaltotal 250,822250,822 10.0410.04 16.8216.82Fixed price for aircraft (3 € / km²)

40 €/km²40 €/km² 67 €/km²67 €/km²

The EU exampleThe EU exampleAnnual costs!Annual costs!

Price in Price in

€€/ km²/ km² minmin maxmax

Fixed-wing aircraftFixed-wing aircraft 1.51.5 9.349.34 16.1216.12

Fixed-wing aircraftFixed-wing aircraft 4.04.0 10.5110.51 17.2817.28

helicopterhelicopter 37.037.0 25.9025.90 32.6832.68

Mio €Mio €

Fluctuating prices for aircraft (3 € / km²)

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Baits Distribution Monitoring

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Baits Distribution Monitoring

The EU exampleThe EU exampleCountries’ contribution!Countries’ contribution!

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Keeping the EU rabies-free will costs Mio of € / yearKeeping the EU rabies-free will costs Mio of € / year No rabies free status for border MSNo rabies free status for border MS Cost estimates also applicable for non-EU countriesCost estimates also applicable for non-EU countries need for a concept on how the costs can be sharedneed for a concept on how the costs can be shared research is necessary to research is necessary to

minimise costs minimise costs adapt vaccination strategyadapt vaccination strategy develop cost efficient and safe new strategiesdevelop cost efficient and safe new strategies

Modelling Modelling field trialsfield trials

ConclusionsConclusionsWhat is the message?What is the message?

Foto: Adriaan VosFoto: Adriaan Vos

Who is gonna pay this?