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Formulation ID/1 Smooth Masonry Paint

Order of addition % weight Volume

waterNatrosol PlusLaponite RD

15.00 0.24 0.45

15.00 0.24 0.45

Premix @ 600 rpm for 15 minutes

Dispex G40CF 107Acticide BXActicide EP PasteTiONa 535Speswhite claySnowcal 60Microtalc AT 200

0.25 0.10 0.15 0.4020.00 3.00 3.00 6.00

0.21 0.11 0.13 0.31 4.76 1.11 1.11 2.07

Disperse at high shear for 20 minutes, then add stepwise with slow speed mixing:

Vinamul 3459CF 107TexanolwaterpH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)

28.00 0.10 0.2022.86 0.25

26.17 0.11 0.2122.86 0.27

Total 100.00 75.12

Non-volatile content by weight = 48.09% ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 10.5PNon-volatile content by volume = 30.79% ICI Gel Strength = 45 gm/cmpH = 8.20 @ 20°C Stormer Viscosity = 112 KUSG = 1.33 @ 20°CPVC = 40%

Formulation ID/2 Textured Masonry Paint


waterNatrosol PlusLaponite RD

12.00 0.25 0.25

12.00 0.25 0.25


Dispex G40Bevaloid 6685Acticide BXActicide EP PasteTiONa 535Microdol 1Microdol 40/200Durcal 40

0.30 0.10 0.15 0.4015.0015.00 5.00 3.00

0.25 0.11 0.13 0.31 3.57 5.26 1.75 1.11


Vinamul 3459Bevaloid 6685TexanolwaterpH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)

33.00 0.10 1.5013.70 0.25

30.84 0.11 1.5813.70 0.27

Total 100.00 71.49

Non-volatile content by weight = 56.65% ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 8.5PNon-volatile content by volume = 39.12% ICI Gel Strength = 27 gm/cmpH = 8.5 @ 20°C Stormer Viscosity = 102 KUSG = 1.4 @ 20°CPVC = 42%

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Formulation ID/3 Contract Vinyl Matt


waterNatrosol Plus 330

18.00 0.35

18.00 0.35


Dispex G40CF 107Acticide BXTiONa 376Microdol AT ExtraTalc 262840/200Speswhite clay

0.25 0.05 0.15 12.0012.00 6.0010.00

0.22 0.05 0.13 3.33 4.2110.34 3.70


Harco VV 575CF 107Texanol10% Laponite RDSwaterpH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)

12.00 0.05 1.00 2.0025.95 0.20

11.11 0.05 1.05 2.0025.95 0.22

Total 100.00 80.71

Non-volatile content by weight = 47.15% ICI Rotothinner viscosity = 7PNon-volatile content by volume = 34.53% ICI Gel Strength = 12 gm/cmpH = 8.6 @ 20°C Stormer Viscosity = 89 KUSG = 1.24 @ 20°CPVC = 79%

Formulation ID/4 First Quality Vinyl Silk


waterLaponite RD9H4 CMC

20.00 0.15 0.23

20.00 0.15 0.23


Dispex G40Henkel 8034Mergal K6NTiONa 535Snowcal 60

0.53 0.10 0.21 18.17 2.14

0.45 0.11 0.20 4.33 0.79


Viking 2920Coatex 2000Henkel 8034Ropaque OP62TexanolwaterpH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)

37.40 0.32 0.10 5.34 1.0014.01 0.30

34.95 0.30 0.11 5.04 1.0514.12 0.33

Total 100.00 82.05


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Formulation ID/5 Coalescent Free Paint for New Plaster


waterLaponite RD9H4 CMC

37.50 0.19 0.29

37.50 0.19 0.29


Dispex G40Henkel 8034Mergal K6NTiONa 376Polestar 200PSnowcal 60Speswhite clay

0.30 0.10 0.30 14.00 8.0012.0010.00

0.25 0.11 0.29 3.89 2.96 4.44 3.70


Vinamul 3692Henkel 8034waterpH adjustment (0.91 Ammonia)

9.50 0.10 7.50 0.22

8.88 0.11 7.50 0.24

Total 100.00 70.35


Formulation ID/6 Solid PaintEmulsion paint resistant to scrubbing according to DIN 53 778,

highly thixotropic, reduced spatterOrder of addition Weight

WaterLaponite RDConcentrated AmmoniaCalgon N,10%Optimix AK6NByk WTiona 372Socal P2Finntalc M 15Chinafill 84Naintsch ST 60Omya SpecialAcronal 290DTaxanolWhite Spirit K 60Borchigel L 75, 10%

374.5 20.0 1.0 10.0 3.5 2.0 2.0 80.0150.0 80.0 50.0 30.0 50.0

95.0 5.0 7.0 40.0

1000.0

Brightness according to DIM,HBW-A (%)Contrast ratio, height of cap in coating µm (%)Washability according to DIN 53 778Viscosity (mPas)Gloss at 85° (%) Density (g/cm3)

88.5099.55>5000 4300 2.6 1.40

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Formulation ID/7 Interior Float Coating - "Putz" Water 120.5Tylose MH 300 2.0Laponite RD 1.5Ammonia 3.0Optimix A 2.0KM 102 1.0Byk 073 3.0Mowilith DM 122 80.0Tiona 535 44.0Durcal 10 50.0Durcal 40 23.0Durcal 130 58.0Lime, beads (1.25-1.8)* 90.0

978.0

Viscosity, Haake 10600 mPasSpreading properties goodTexture goodSolids content (weight) 78.2%

* Solvay-Alkali product

Formulation ID/8 Silicate-based Emulsion Paint Water 127Laponite RD 1Natrosol HHR 1Ammonia 1Betolin Quart 5 10Betolin EP 219 150Tiona 372 80Socal P2 100Durcal 5 120Silica flour H 500 150White spirit K 60 5Shellsol A 3Alberdingk SC 44 50Byk 040 2Betolin Ep 219 200

1000

Test Data:Brightness, HBW A 88.0%Contrast ration 300g/m2 according to DIN 99.48Gloss <85° 2.7%Viscosity,Haake E, after preparation 2000 mPas Haake E, 28 days later 2400 mPasBlue-yellow value 5.3

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Formulation ID/9 Water based multicolour paint Introduction

This describes a starter formulation suitable for making a water based multicolour paint.

The formulation uses a single base paint which is then split into two or more portions and tinted as required. Theseparate colours are blended together again in a stabilized sol dispersion of Laponite. By following the mixingprocedure described in stage 3 a product is formed where the individual paint particles or flecks are covered in a thinlayer of Laponite gel. This gel coating acts as a physical barrier to prevent the different colours mixing together. Theexceptional shear thinning shown by Laponite gels has the additional benefit of acting as a lubricant between thepaint particles to prevent their blending during mixing and spray application.

This formulation shows excellent long term storage and application stability.

In developing a commercial formulation for multicolour paint it is likely that the secondary colour, the flecks, will bemade to a slightly different formulation than the primary colour. Modification of the rheology of the secondary colourto give a more elastic texture can allow the production of a paint which has a larger fleck size in the coated film. Thiscan be achieved by replacing part of the Laponite and hydroxyethyl cellulose system shown with thickeners whichshow reduced shear thinning and give extended viscosity in the higher shear range such as polyurethaneassociatives and some organic gums.

The formulation has been divided into three stages

Stage 1 Preparation of base paintsStage 2 TintingStage 3 Blending of separate colours into the multicolour product

Stage 1 Preparation of base paint

Order of Addition % weight

Water 35.73Laponite RD 0.34

Mix until Laponite is fully hydrated

Natrosol 250 MHR 0.24Mix and add the following

Dispersant (Tamol 731)* 0.66Wetting agent (Triton CF-10) 0.19Defoamer (Dispelair CF107) 0.19Biocide (Acticide AZ) 0.09Titanium dioxide (RCL 535) 4.73Calcium carbonate (Queensfill 300) 23.65

Disperse to 5 Hegman, then add

Latex (Viking 2920) 28.37Defoamer (Dispelair CF 107) 0.09Water 5.72

Total 100.0

* In some regions this product is called Orotan 731.

It is possible to further increase the elasticity of the secondary colour by including an associative thickener in theformulation. This can have the effect of producing a larger fleck size which is a desirable property in multicolourpaint.

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Stage 2 Tinting

The primary and secondary colours should be prepared in the required quantities. In practice the actual proportion ofeach colour varies widely depending upon the manufacturer, the product and end application. For the purpose ofshowing an example Stage 3 describes a paint composed of:-

90 parts white 5 parts red 5 parts blue

Tinting should be carried out by adding pigment dispersion concentrates to the concentration required by the paintproducer. Multicolour paints covering the whole colour spectrum are possible.

For maximum long term colour stability it is highly recommended that pigment pastes dispersed in water are used. The Hüls Aquatrend range is suitable.

Stage 3 Blending of multicolour product

In this final stage the separate colours are successively added to a concentrated colloidal sol dispersion of Laponitewhich has been stabilized at a low viscosity by tetrasodium pyrophosphate. When the paint comes into contact withthe Laponite sol dispersion a thin coating of Laponite gel is formed on the surface of the paint. This is caused by theinteraction between the polar compounds present in the paint and the Laponite sol.

Slow speed mixing (50 rpm or less) causes the paint to break up into small particles which are separated from eachother by the protective coating of Laponite gel.

A colloidal styrene acrylic emulsion is added to incorporate the free Laponite gel firmly into the film on drying. Thisgives a significantly improved scrub resistance to the coating.

Order of Addition % weight

Water 41.57Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.04

Mix until TSPP is dissolved

Laponite RD 2.00

Mix until Laponite is fully hydrated, then add

White base paint 32.80Blue tinted base 2.50Red tinted base 2.50Water 10.80Styrene Acrylic emulsion (Viking 5455) 7.56Coalescent (Texanol) 0.23

Total 100.0

Mix the final formulation very slowly. Speed and duration of mixing are important factorsin determining the particle size of the secondary colours.

Application

Before use, stir the paint gently. Do not shear. Do not thin. Apply by spray in cross lay method. Use high volume,low pressure (HVLP) equipment. The Sata NR HVLP or the Binks Mach 1 HVLP sprayguns are suitable. The potpressure should be 10 psi (0.70 bar) and the air pressure at the gun should be 5-10 psi (0.35-0.70 bar) with inletpressure to the gun being 65-75 psi (4.5-5.2 bar).

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Formulation ED/1WATER-BASED PAINT

for exterior application, thixotropic, satin finish

Water 61.5Laponite RD 2.5Propylene glycol 50.0Optimix A 8.0Tiona RCL-535 180.0Socal P2 50.0Byk 020 2.5Parmetol A 23 1.5Water 40.0Methyl diglycol 20.0Dowanol DPmB 12.0Rohm and Haas EP-2592 450.0Ropaque OP-62 67.0Acrysol RM 1020 47.0Acrysol RM 8 7.0Triton CR7M 1.0

1000.0 Test data:

Brightness HBW-A (%) 93.5Contrast ratio, height of gap in coating 200 µm (%) 98.18Blue/yellow value (%) -0.7Gloss <85° (%) 53.7Gloss <60° (%) 11.5Viscosity, Haake E (mPa.s) 1300

Formulation ED/2SILICONE-BASED COATING

Water 189.0Laponite RD 1.0Walocel XM 40000 pv 1.0NH3 1.0Optimix A 3.0Tiona RCL-388 90.0Socal P2 100.0Calcidar 5 290.0Mica P 70.0Tego Phobe 1000 110.0Mowilith DM 60 135.0Texanol 5.0K 6 N 2.0Foamex LA 129 3.0

1000.0

Test results:

Brightness HBW-A (%) 86.8Contrast ratio µm (%) 98.0Blue/yellow value (%) -5.3Gloss >85° (%) 2.4Viscosity, Haake-E

after preparation (mPa.s) 1200after 28 days at 50°C (mPa.s) 3000

sd value (m) 0.09water absorption capacity (kg/m2/h) 0.24

Formulation ED/3

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EXTERIOR ROUND AGGREGATE

Water 63.5Tylose MH 300 2.0Laponite RD 2.0Ammonia 2.0Optimix A 2.0Mergal AF 2.0Byk 073 2.0White spirit K 60 8.0Mowilith DM 122 140.0Tiona 535 50.0Calibrite SL 120.0Durcal 130 100.0Granicalcium 0.35-0.7 350.0Cranicalcium 0.5-1.5 40.0Butyl diglycol acetate 4.0Dibutyl phthalate 4.0

891.5

Viscosity, Haake E (mPa.s) 11900Spreading properties goodTexture goodSolids content (weight) (%) 74.0

Formulation ED/4

EXTERIOR FLOATING

Water 80.5Tylose MHB 10000 yp 2.0Laponite RD 1.5Ammonia 3.0Optimix A 2.0Mergal AF 2.0Byk 0, 73 3.0Mowilith DM 122 14.0Tiona 535 20.0Durcal 40 97.0Durcal 130 558.0Quartz (beads No.4) 80.0

989.0

Viscosity, Haake (mPa.s) 8700Spreading properties godTexture goodSolids content (weight) (%) 76.3

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Formulation ED/5

ONE-COAT WALL COATING FOR EXTERIOR APPLICATION

Water 222.0Tylose MHB 30000 yp 4.0Laponite RD 1.5Caustic soda solution, 10% 1.0Calgon N,10% 10.0Optimix A 3.5Tiona RCL-388 25.0Socal P2 30.0Finntalc M 15 60.0Chinafill 84 50.0Mica P 70.0Acronal 290 D 230.0Ethylene glycol 40.0White spirit, K 60 10.0Butyl diglycol 12.0Parmetol A 23 3.0Byk 073 3.0

1000.0

Test data:

Brightness HBW A (%) 88.5Opacity

Contrast ratio, height of gapin coating 200 µm (%) 99.76

Blue-yellow valueGloss <85% (%) -5.4

Viscosity, Haake Eafter 1 day at room temperature (mPa.s) 3300after 28 days storage at 50°C (mPa.s) 3800

Crack free up to (µm) 2000

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Formulation ED/6

WATER REDUCIBLE WHITE BRUSHING ENAMEL

Use of water reducible alkyds is growing as coatings are increasingly being converted from solventbased to waterborne. In this formulation Laponite RDS increases viscosity and improves sag resistanceand syneresis control without decreasing gloss or levelling.

Laponite RDS is used here in a premix that will remain fluid over 2-3 weeks, allowing a stock to beprepared which may be used in a succession of paint batches.

order of addition % weight

PART A - Laponite RDS premixLaponite RDS 0.44water 5.00

mix for 30 minutes, premix the following:

PART BButyl Cellosolve 3.946% Zirco Intercar drier 0.336% Cobalt Intercar drier 0.33Activ-8 0.11Antiskinning agent 0.11

mix rapidly:

Cargill 74-7432 Alkyd 20.0Propyl propasol 2.40

add the following, then disperse to 7 Hegman

Ammonium hydroxide (0.91) 0.85Titanium dioxide CR-800 19.50water 7.30

then add:

Cargill 74-7432 Alkyd 7.00Ammonium hydroxide (0.91) 0.50

mix until homogenous, add Part B, stir for 30 minutes, then add:

water 31.84Ammonium hydroxide (0.91) 0.35

100.00

Finally, add Part A, the Laponite RDS premix and stir until homogenous

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Formulation CW/1Interior/exterior gloss paint

Order of addition % weight function

Water 2.88Polypropylene glycol 2.43AMP-95 0.20 dispersantDehydran 1620 0.25 defoamerSurfynol 104E 0.40 dispersantNeocryl BT-24 3.14 dispersantTioxide TR92 24.36 pigment

Grind to Hegman 7, then add:

Neocryl XA 5090 59.95 acrylic emulsionDowanol DPM 2.28 coalescentDehydran 1620 0.26 defoamer

Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation

Laponite RDS 0.23 thickenerWater 2.66

Then add

Rheolate 350 0.96 thickener100.00

Formulation adapted from original work by Zeneca.

Formulation CW/2PAINT FOR DOOR APPLICATION

According to DIN 53 778-S-Msolvent-free, highly suitable for brush application

Water 333.0Tylose MHB 30000 yp 2.0Laponite RD 2.0Caustic soda solution, 10% 1.0Calgon N, 10% 10.0Optimix A 3.0Tiona RCL-535 140.0Socal P2 200.0Steamic OXO 80.0Durcal 2 60.0Alberdingk + Boley AS 6000 150.0Mergal K 9 N 2.0Byk 033 2.0Borchigel L75, 10% 15.0

1000.0 Test Data

Brightness, HBW A (%) 93.0Opacity Contrast ratio with

height of gap in coating 100 µm (%) 98.95height of gap in coating 100 µm (%) 99.47

Blue-yellow valueGloss < 85° (%) -1.2

Viscosity, Haake VT 500after 1 day at room temperature (mPa.s) 2100after 28 days storage at 50°C (mPa.s) 2300

Washability according to DIN 53 778after 28 days, 23°C/50%relative humidity (cycles) >5000

Density (g/cm3) 1.52

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Formulation CW/3PAINT FOR DOOR APPLICATION

According to DIN 53 778-S-Msolvent-free, highly suitable for roller application

Water 333.0Tylose MHB 30000 yp 2.0Laponite RD 2.0Caustic soda solution, 10% 1.0Calgon N, 10% 10.0Optimix A 3.0Tiona RCL-535 140.0Socal P2 200.0Steamic OXO 80.0Durcal 2 60.0Alberdingk + Boley AS 6000 150.0Mergal K 9 N 2.0Byk 033 2.0Borchigel L75, 10% 15.0

1000.0 Test Data

Brightness, HBW A (%) 93.0Opacity Contrast ratio with

height of gap in coating 100 µm (%) 98.95height of gap in coating 100 µm (%) 99.47

Blue-yellow valueGloss < 85° (%) -1.2

Viscosity, Haake VT 500after 1 day at room temperature (mPa.s) 2100after 28 days storage at 50°C (mPa.s) 2300

Washability according to DIN 53 778after 28 days, 23°C/50%relative humidity (cycles) >5000

Density (g/cm3) 1.52

Formulation CW/4

INDUSTRIAL CLEAR WOOD COATING FOR SPRAY APPLICATION

Order of Addition % weight Function Luhydran A8485 60.00 acrylic resinBYK 346 0.10 flow additiveTego Foamex 805 0.10 defoamerIncorez W830/310 33.10 polyurethane dispersionLaponite RDS (10% dispersion) 1.50 rheology control agentButyl Diglycol 1.60 coalescing solventAquacer 3.00 polythene waxActicide LG 0.10 preservativeTego Foamex 805 0.10 defoamer

100.00

pH = 8.0 @ 20°CBrookfield Viscosity = 85cP (sp 2, 60rpm, 1 min)

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Formulation CW/5WATER REDUCIBLE WOOD STAIN

Order of addition % weight

Add with mixing

Cargill Modified Linseed Oil 11.10Dow Corning Additive #51 0.11Brown Iron Oxide B-2093F 5.70Patcote 577 0.29

Disperse to 6 Hegman, then add:

Cargill Modified Linseed Oil 61.9

Premix the following:

Butyl Cellosolve 3.44Manganese hydrocure II (8%) 1,33

Stir premix into the batch, then add:

water 7.24Ammonium hydroxide (0.91) 0.22

Mix the following for 30 minutes, then add to batch, stir until homogenous

water 8.00Laponite RDS 0.67

100.00

Formulation CW/6CLEAR COAT FINISH FOR INTERIOR WOOD

This formulation, based on the acrylic emulsion Neocryl XA-6053 from Zeneca, has been developed foruse on primed or stained wood.

Order of addition % weight water 15.00Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.004Laponite RD 0.12

Stir for 15 minutes, then add with mixing:

Propylene glycol n-Butyl ether (Dowanol PnB) 7.30Dipropylene glycol n-Butyl either (Dowanol DPnB) 2.40Plasticizer (Kodaflex DPB) 0.81Ammonium hydroxide (28% solution) 0.15Defoamer (Dehydran 1293) 0.18

Then add with rapid agitation:

Neocryl XA-6053 73.68

Mix for 10 minutes, then add:

wetting agent (BYK 346) 0.18Mar aid (BYK 301) 0.18

100.00Viscosity: 12000 cP, Brookfield LVT, Spindle 3, 3rpmGloss: 80%, 60% Angle(Formula adapted from original work by Zeneca)

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Formulation CW/7Water based wiping stain

In this formulation, Laponite prevents pigment settling without increasing viscosity.

Mix with agitation % weight function

Water 17.38H-D Trans Yellow B223 0.69 pigmentH-D Trans Red B123 2.07 pigmentIrgasperse Red G-U 2.48 pigmentIrgasperse Brown R-U 0.96 pigmentAurasperse W-7017 Black 0.73 pigment

When dispersed add:

Rhoplex ST-77* 36.38 acrylic emulsionFoamaster Exp 63 0.23 defoamerPropylene glycol 4.53 coalescentAmmonia (14% solution) 1.52 neutralizing agentWater 11.08Acrysol ASE-60 6.02 thickener

Premix Laponite for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation

Laponite RD 0.05 anti-settling agentWater 8.91

Adjust viscosity to 35-45 seconds, No.2 Zahn cup

Water 6.97100.00

* (Rhoplex ST-77 formerly E-2977)

Formulation adapted from original work by Rohm and Haas.

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Formulation CW/8

WOOD STAIN

water-based, brown

Water 691.0Concentrated ammonia 1.5Laponite RD 6.0Optimix A 0.8Colanyl black 0.4Luconyl orange 12.0Byk 033 0.1Texanol 15.0Dilexo 37 270.0Mergal BCM 2.3

1000.0 Test data:

Viscosity, Haake-Eafter preparation (mPa.s) 45after 28 days storage at 50°C (mPa.s) 60

pH 9.3

Formulation CW/9

WOOD STAIN

water-based, reddish brown

Worlessol 31 347.0Worleesol 22 84.0Laponite RD 15.0Concentrated ammonia 4.5Activ 8 1.0Servosyn WEB, co 8% 2.0Servosyn WEB, Mn 9% 6.0Luconyl orange 2416 43.0Luconyl red 2817 7.0Water 490.5

1000.0 Test Data:

Viscosity, Haake-Eafter preparation (mPa.s) 1050

pH 7.5

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Formulation IC/1Rust Conversion Coating

(based on tannic acid/Polidene 33-065and Laponite RDS)

Order of addition % weight volume function

Water 11.14 11.09Laponite RDS 0.70 0.75 thickenerBevaloid 642 0.20 0.22 defoamerKelzan 'S' 0.20 0.125 thickenerTannic acid (Tec 90) 4.05 10.125 chelating agentDowfax 2A1 0.10 0.086 surfactantMicronised barytes 25.92 5.76 extenderButyl Ethoxol 2.22 2.46 coalescentHaloflex 202 55.47 46.225 vinyl acrylic copolymer

100.00 76.84

Non volatile content by weight = 64.20%Non volatile content by volume = 54.37%pH = 3.3 @ 20°cSG = 1.3 @ 20°cPVC = 18.71%

A formulation based upon gallic acid is available on request.

Formulation IC/2Anti-corrosive Primer

(based on Haloflex 202/Zinc phosphateand Laponite RD)

Order of addition % weight volume function

Water 8.08 8.08Laponite RD 0.21 0.21 thickenerBevaloid 642 0.20 0.22 defoamerSynperonic PE/F87 (30%) 0.79 0.78 dispersantButyl Ethoxol 1.98 2.19 coalescentActicide AZ 0.10 0.09 biocideZinc phosphate 5.73 1.43 anti-corrosive pigmentMicronised Barytes 15.42 3.43 extenderMicronised red iron oxide 2.57 0.51 pigmentSynperonic PE/F87 (30%) 3.54 3.50 dispersantHaloflex 202 (adjust pH to 59.00 45.74 vinyl acrylic copolymer4.0 with ammonia)Water 2.38 2.38

100.00 68.56


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Formulation IC/3High build finishing paint

(based on Haloflex 208 and Laponite RD)

Order of addition % weight volume function Water 8.00 8.00Laponite RD 0.18 0.18 thickenerBevaloid 642 0.20 0.22 defoamerOrotan 850 0.69 0.63 dispersantActicide AZ 0.10 0.09 biocideSynperonic PE/F87 (30%) 1.00 0.99 dispersantButyl Ethoxol 2.30 2.54 coalescentMicro Mica W1 21.71 7.64 extenderKronos 2190 12.94 3.16 pigmentSynperonic PE/F87 (30%) 2.57 2.54 stabilizerHaloflex 208 (adjust pH 40.34 33.90 vinyl acrylic copolymer4.0 with ammonia)Water 9.97 9.97

100.00 69.86


Formulation IC/4Satin gloss corrosion resistant finish

(based on Haloflex 208 and Laponite RDS)

Order of addition % weight volume function Water 1.89 1.89Laponite RDS 0.21 0.21 thickenerBevaloid 642 0.20 0.22 defoamerSynperonic NP 30 (20%) 1.45 1.43 surfactantTexanol 2.49 2.62 coalescentActicide AZ 0.01 0.01 biocideOrotan 850 0.30 0.27 dispersantKronos 2190 18.37 4.48 pigmentSynperonic NP 30 (20%) 5.00 4.93 surfactantHaloflex 208 (adjust pH 58.35 45.23 vinyl acrylic copolymerto 4.0 with ammonia)Water 11.73 11.73

100.00 73.02


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Formulation IC/5Non-leafing metallic paint

Order of addition % weight Function

water 41.55 AmKelsol 3906 27.30 short oil alkyd resin

Mix, then premix the following:

Butyl cellosolve 1.28 coalescentCobalt Hydrocure II 8% 0.64 metal drierActive 8 0.25Manganese Hydrocure II 8% 0.34 metal drier

Add the premix to the alkyd resin dispersion, then add the following:

Butyl cellosolve 3.01Hydropaste 82255 Aluminium 12.60 pigment

Disperse until homogenous, then add the premix of Laponite RDS

water 11.32Laponite RDS 0.45 anti-settling agent

100.00

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Formulation IC/6Anti condensation paint - 1

Suitable for air or airless spray application Order of addition % weight Function

Pliotec LSI 20.0 acrylic emulsionDisperbyk 181 0.2 dispersantSurfynol 104E 0.3 dispersantFoamex 7447 0.2 defoamerTioxide RHD2 5.0 pigmentBlanc Fixe N 8.0 extenderAlumina Trihydrate SH100 4.0 extender

Disperse, then add:

Dimethylethanolamine 0.5 neutralizing agentDowanol DPnB 1.25 coalescentKodaflex TXiB 0.82 plasticizer

Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation

Laponite RD 0.4 thickenerWater 27.6

Then add:

Collacryl PU 85 (25%) 0.8 thickenerMicrospheres B46/4000 14.75 fillerWater 16.18

100.00Formulation adapted from original work by Goodyear

Formulation IC/7Anti condensation paint - 2

Suitable for air or airless spray application Order of addition % weight Function

Pliotec LSI 20.0 acrylic emulsionDisperbyk 181 0.2 dispersantSurfynol 104E 0.3 dispersantFoamex 7447 0.2 defoamerTioxide RHD2 10.0 pigmentBlanc Fixe N 17.0 extenderAlumina Trihydrate SH100 4.0 extender

Disperse, then add:

Dimethylethanolamine 0.5 neutralizing agentDowanol DPnB 1.25 coalescentKodaflex TXiB 0.82 plasticizer

Premix the following for 20 minutes, then add to the formulation:

Laponite RD 0.8 thickenerWater 39.53

Then add:

Collacryl PU 85 (25%) 0.4 thickenerPerlite Maxol P 5.0 filler

100.0Formulation adapted from original work by Goodyear.

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Formulation IC/8Anti-Corrosion Primer

for spray and dip applicationwater-thinnable, high opacity, matt

Ingredient Function wt %

Bayhydrol B130 anti-corrosion primer 293.7Ascinin Rmin anti skinning agent 1.5WEB Co 8% drier 0.8Butyl glycol 4.5Bayferrox 110 M red iron oxide pigment 53.0Omya DRB 3 CaC03 extender 25.0Talcum 15 MO talc extender 53.0Heucophos ZMP anti-corrosion 53.0Zinc white resin sealant F anti-corrosion 5.5Aerosil 300 matting silica 1.0Laponite RDS, 10% 10.0

500.0

Product Evaluation

Hiding powerContrast ratio with a 100 µmapplicator aperture (%) 100.00

Gloss <20°/<60°/<85° (%) 2.1/7.4CIELAB-L*/a*/b* 39.88/26.30/20.58Viscosity after manufacture - VT-500 (Pa.s) 5.9Water (%) 21.7Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 (s) 42.0Degree of grinding (µm) 20.0pH 9.0

Formulation IC/9Inorganic Zinc Primer

Order of addition % weight

PART A Premix:water 5.86Potassium silicate, 30% 20.53

PART B Premix:water 2.93Laponite RDS 0.21

Add Part B slowly to Part A using high shear, then add:Astrazon 7 GLL 200 Yellow dye (5% solution) 0.09

Addition at time of applicationZinc dust 70.38

100.00

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Formulation IC/10Spray Paint

High-gloss, water-thinnable Ingredient Function wt %

Worleesol 61A spraying varnish 50.0Triethylamine 3.0Water 37.8Sicomin red L 3025 red pigment 40.0WEB Co 8% drier 1.2WEB Mn 9% drier 1.5Ethylene glycol 5.0Worleesol 61A spraying varnish 125.0Exin 2 anti skinning 1.0Ammonia, concentrated 3.0Ethylene glycol 15.0Water 189.0Butanol 15.0Add 330 2.5Add 327 levelling 1.0Laponite RDS, 10% 10.0

500.0 Product Evaluation


Gloss <20°/60°/85° (%) 87.6/97.0/96.7CIELAB-L*/a*/b* 51.9/53.73/39.23Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 (s) 17Degree of grinding (µm) 20pH 9.5

Formulation IC/11Industrial Dipping PaintHigh gloss, water-thinnable


Worleesol 61A binder 50.0Triethylamine 3.0Water 35.0Byk 080 defoamer 1.0WEB Co 8% drier 0.5WEN Mn 9% drier 0.5Butyl glycol 4.5Bayferrox 110 M red iron oxide pigment 9.8Tiona RCL-535 66.5Worleesol 61A binder 108.0Triethylamine 3.0Butyl glycol 13.5Butyl diglycol 13.5Water 181.2Laponite RDS, 10% 10.0



Gloss <20°/<60°/85% (%) 79.4/93.3/98.3CIELAB-L*/a*/b* 58.28/28.67/19.98Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 (s) 210Degree of grinding (µm) 20pH 9.5

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Formulation IC/12Finishing Paint

High gloss, water-thinnable, air drying Ingredient Function wt %

Bayhydrol VP LS 2803 finishing varnish 751.0Tiona RCL-535 Ti02 pigment 220.0Byk 020 defoamer 6.0WEB Co 8% drier 3.0Laponite RDS, 10% 20.0


Brightness HBW-A (5) 86.2Hiding power

Contrast ratio with a 100 µmapplicator aperture (%) 96.05

Blue/yellow value -1.9Gloss <20°/<60°/<85° (%) 67.0/86.7/95.6Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 (s) 146Degree of grinding (µm) 15pH 7.0

Formulation IC/13Brush Application Paint

High gloss, water-thinnable, air drying, thixotropic


Jäger MSL 40 brushing varnish 258.0Tiona RCL-535 Ti02 pigment 126.0DMEA 17.0Water 16.0Baysilon oil A wetting agent 5.0Hydrolith drier drier 9.0Water 439.0Laponite RDS, 10% 10.0

880.0 Product evaluation

Brightness HBW-A (5) 89.1Hiding power

Contrast ratio with a 100µmapplicator aperture (%) 94.80

Blue/yellow value -2.0Gloss <20°/<60°/<85° (%) 74.1/91.3/95.4Viscosity after manufacture - VT-500 (Pa.s) 4.9Water (%) 40.0Viscosity after adjustment - VT-500 (Pa.s) 1.9pH 9.0

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Formulation IC/14Stoving Enamel

High gloss, water-thinnable, high opacity(stoving conditions: 150°C, 20 min)


Synaqua 227WL/58 stoving varnish 200.0Luwipal 066 30.0Tiona RCL-535 Ti02 pigment 25.0Chromoxide green GN green pigment 40.0Blanc fixe HD 80 barium sulphate extender 45.0Butyl diglycol 12.5Water 126.5Byk 341 wetting agent 1.0Efka 34 anti-crater agent 10.0Laponite RDS, 10% 10.0



Gloss <20°/<60°/<85° (%) 5.7/46.3/84.3CIELAB-L*/a*/b* 52.88/-14.54/13.22Viscosity after manufacture - DIN-4 (s) 125.0Water (%) 14.4Viscosity after adjustment - DIN-4 (s) 45.0Degree of grinding (µm) 10.0pH 8.8

Formulation IC/15Two-pack Finishing Paint

High gloss, water-thinnable Ingredient Function wt %

Part A

Synaqua 3510 WL finishing varnish 190.0Byk 020 defoamer 6.0Chromoxide green GN neutralizing amine 14.0Tiona RCL-535 green pigment 120.0Blanc fixe HD 80 barium sulphate extender 100.0Efka 450 dispersant 5.0Water 125.0Synaqua 3510 WL finishing varnish 124.0Byk 341 wetting agent 8.0AMP 90 neutralizing amine 8.0Efka 34 anti-crater agent 13.0Water 237.0Laponite RDS, 10% 20.0

1000.0Part BDesmodur LS 2980 binder 190.0Proglide DMM glycol ether solvent 10.0


Gloss <20°/<60°/<85° (%) 60.3/85.3/92.4CIEBLAB-L*/a*/b* 50.66/-14.92/13.90Viscosity component A - VT-500 Pa(s) 8.1Water (%) 22.0Viscosity after adjustment - DIN-4 (s) 33.0Degree of grinding (µm) 15.0pH 8.0

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