Conference on the Future of Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe: Energy in Enlarged Europe:

Perspectives for R&D Co-Perspectives for R&D Co-operationoperation

Warsaw, 7-8 October 2004Warsaw, 7-8 October 2004

Roundtable: Hydrogen energy technologies and economy Roundtable: Hydrogen energy technologies and economy

Hydrogen Technologies Leading to a Hydrogen Economy

Hanns-Joachim Neef

h.j.neef@fz-juelich.de

Project Management Organisation Jülich (Projektträger Jülich, PTJ)

PtJPtJ at a glance at a glance - 2003 - 2003Offices at: Jülich, Berlin, Rostock

Staff: total 325; about 150 scientific personnel

Total budget administered : ca. 600 Mio. €

No. of projects administered : ca. 5300 Number of projects

Annual budget

(Mio. €)

Biotechnology 862 120

Energy 884 129

Environment 424 41

Marine, Polar and Geo Sciences

Shipping and Marine Technology

217

151

49

15

Basic Science 128 11

Material Research and Chemical Technologies 832 77

SME and Innovation Support 1487 121

Programmes of the Federal States (Bundesländer) 350 33

Why Hydrogen?Why Hydrogen?

• H2 and security of energy supply• H2 as a bridging option• H2 and global climate protection• H2 and local environmental protection• H2 and renewable energy• H2 and fuel cells • H2 and investment in energy infrastructure• H2 and industrial competitiveness

RTD, Demonstration Commercialization, market penetration

• E

nerg

y se

curit

y an

d su

pply

• C

ompe

titiv

enes

s•

Air

qual

ity•

Glo

bal c

limat

e pr

otec

tion

H2 driving force

2010 2020 2030 2040 time

H2 production & distribution

FC & H2 systemsSeries productionPassenger cars

Distributed power generation

Dominant technology

Filling/refuelling stations

Distribution grids

Pipeline infrastructure

CO2-free production

The Way to the Hydrogen The Way to the Hydrogen EconomyEconomy

Fossil-fuel-basedeconomy

Hydrogen-orientedeconomy

Ref: European High Level Group , 2003

• H2 produced by reforming of natural gas

• Local H2 production at refuelling stations (reforming and electrolysis)

• H2 produced from fossil fuels with CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS)

• Significant H2 production from renewables, incl. biomass gasification

• Increasing de-carbonisation of H2 production; renewables; fossil fuels with CCS; new nuclear

• Direct H2 production from renewables; de-carbonised H2 society

HH22 Production Production

2000

2010

2015

2020

2040

2050 Ref: European High Level Group , 2003

HH22 storage and distribution storage and distribution

• H2 transport by road

• Local H2 refuelling stations

• Local clusters of H2 refuelling stations & clusters of local H2 distribution grids

• 1st generation H2 storage

• Interconnection of local H2 distribution grids

• Widespread of H2 pipeline infrastructure

• 2nd generation on-board H2 storage

2000

2010

2015

2015

2020

2025

2025

Ref: European High Level Group , 2003

German InitiativeGerman Initiative

Hydrogen Strategy Group

BERTA Task Force

BoundaryConditions

Supply & Logistics

ApplicationTechnologies

PEFCEducation

& PRStandar-dization

HydrogenProduction

SOFC

WorkingGroups

WorkingGroups

FC R&DStrategy Paper

H2 R&DStrategy Paper

RTD OperationsNew and ongoing projects and initiatives

HH22 R&D Strategy Paper R&D Strategy Paper

• System Analysis

• Basic Research

• R&D for Application

• Demonstration

• Overall assessment of technologies

• P: alternative technologies, catalysts for decentralised reforming

• L: gas separation (H2 and CO2), new storage technologies• A: materials for FC; materials for HD-H2 turbines

• P: HD electrolysis; H2 from coal or biomass, H2 from off-shore wind, system analysis for decentralised reforming

• L: high-efficient H2 liquefaction, GH2 and LH2 storage, refuelling components, pipeline systems, safety technologies

• A: H2 ICE engines, H2 burner for gas turbines, catalytic burners, membrane manufacture, FC manufacture, BOP components

• National, EU and international large scale projects (lighthouse projects)

P = productionL = logistic, infrastructure

A = application

European InitiativeEuropean InitiativeEuropean Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform (H2FCTP)

Platform OperationsNew and ongoing projects and initiatives (EU + MS national, regional & local)

Member States'Mirror Group

Strategic ResearchAgenda

Financing, Business Development

Advisory Council(Executive Group)

H2FCTPSecretariat

DeploymentStrategy

Regulations,Codes, Standards

Education,Training

PublicAwareness

SteeringPanelsInitiativeGroups

ERA-NET on ERA-NET on Hydrogen and Fuel Hydrogen and Fuel

Cells: Cells: (1 October 2004 – 31 October 2008)(1 October 2004 – 31 October 2008)

• HY-CO offers a common European platform for information and programme coordination of hydrogen and fuel cells R&D activities

• HY-CO establishes a common knowledge base for development of coherent policies towards a hydrogen economy

• HY-CO strengthens the European R&D and demonstration infrastructure on H2/FC technologies through joint activities

• HY-CO supports the Member States Mirror Group of the H2/FC Platform

• HY-CO has 21 participants from 16 countries

HY - CO

International Partnership International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economyfor the Hydrogen Economy

Observers:Egypt,

New Zealand, Poland, …

The vision of the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy is that a participating country’s consumers will have the practical option of purchasing a competitively priced hydrogen powered vehicle, and be able to refuel it near their homes and places of work, by 2020.

In reality, the IPHE Partners must learn:

• How to make fuel cells economical (reduce cost by a factor ten)• Lower cost of hydrogen production by a factor four• Devise practical new methods to store hydrogen • Surmount the overarching obstacles to developing a hydrogen based delivery and refuelling system

Australia India

Brazil Italy

Canada Japan

China Korea

EC Norway

France Russia

Germany UK

Iceland US

IPHE Analysis of Options IPHE Analysis of Options for International Co-for International Co-

operationoperation

• Innovative and Alternative Production Processes of Hydrogen

• Collaborative Fuel Cell R&D under the IPHE• Hydrogen Storage• Collaborative Activities on Regulations,

Codes and Standards for the Hydrogen Economy

• Socio-economics of Hydrogen

HH22/FC Activities at the /FC Activities at the International Energy International Energy

Agency Agency • International Cooperation Projects (Implementing

Agreements, IAs)– Hydrogen IA– Advanced Fuel Cells IA

– Several other IAs related to H2/FC (Alternative Motor Fuels; Greenhouse Gas R&D; System Analysis; …)

• Hydrogen Co-ordination Group (HCG)• Energy Technology Perspective Project (Markal-

based technical-economic modelling)

ConclusionsConclusions

• We need new and improved technologies – otherwise the Hydrogen Economy will not be competitive

• Incentives to develop advanced technologies could speed their deployment and alter energy investment patterns

• Rules for successful international cooperation– You need added value – like the other partners– You get most out of it if you invest your own resources– You need internal coordination and dissemination– You need a contractual framework with

Clear objectives Clear programme of work Clear rules Efficient management

Thank you