cone collection needs good planning · cone collection & handling analysis of cone-samples...
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Cone collection &
handling
Cone collection needs good
planning
don’t get caught in the bed
Cone collection &
handling
➢Cone and seed maturation
➢Insects and rust damages
➢Gain of seed per liter/cone
➢Risk of frost damages
➢When to start collection
➢Storage and cleening cones
➢Need a good organization
➢Equipment
➢Risks and responsibilities
Cone collection &
handling
Analysis of cone-samples
•>100 cones from 10 trees
•All levels in the crown
•Kiln, seed extraction, dewinging
•AP, gain of filled seeds/liter and
cone, seed weight
Cone collection &
handling
Grobarhet %
= 90 - 100
= 75 - 90
= 0 - 50
= 50 - 75
Cone collection &
handling
SprucePine
>200
125 - 199
75 - 124
0 - 74
uppgift saknas
The Swedish National Forest
Inventory
Cone collection &
handling
When to collect?
Time
Maturation
Anatomic
mat.Physioligic
mat.
15-sept
Cone collection &
handling
Anatomic maturation
- Cell division, embryo growth
- Ends in mid-September,
- or at collection time
Cone collection &
handling
Physiological maturation
- Processes within the seed,
enzyme development, fat to
carbohydrates etc.
- Can be accomplished in a cone
storage
- Germination rate and
percentage is increased
Cone collection &
handling
➢ Clean cones
➢ +5-15⁰C
➢ Cones >50% MC
➢ Ventilated
Post collection storage
Cone collection &
handling
Kiln
+55°C
Cone collection &
handling
Moisture content
Te
mp
era
ture
Cone collection &
handling
Hours in kiln
Gain
of
seed
(%
)
Cone collection &
handling
Cone collection &
handling
Seed extraction
Cone collection &
handling
Dewinging
Cone collection &
handling
Cleaning
Cone collection &
handling
Cone collection &
handling
Seed storage
Cone collection &
handling
To IDS treatment
To Nursery
IDS Treatment
Small Nursey = 10 000 000 seedlings
1% = 100 000 seedlings
IDS Treatment
Invigouration
Drying
Separation
A method to sort out
dead seeds
IDS Treatment
Invigouration
• 30% MC
• +5° to +15°C
• 3 to 50 days
Drying
IDS Treatment
• 3 to 8 hours in a fluid dryer
Separation
IDS Treatment
Separation
IDS Treatment
”Seed sources”
(roughly)
• Stand seed
• Orchard seed
• Rotted cuttings
• Somatic embryo
• Cost
• Genetic gain
• Genetic diversity
• Availability
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2001
2002
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
Orc
ha
rd s
ee
d
Orchard seed P.sylvestris
Orchard seed P.abies
Source:
The Swedish Forest Agency