CONDITIONALS

Some useful terms:

• The conditional mood – условное наклонение

• If you phone me, I will go out with you. Если ты позвонишь мне, пойдем

вместе.

Some useful terms:

• The imperative mood

повелительное наклонение

Go to school right now!

Иди в школу немедленно!

Some useful terms:

• Modal verbsмодальные глаголы

may, might, can, could, shall, should, ought to,

must

Some useful terms:

• Present forms of verbs:go (goes)

am, is, are goinghave, has gone

have, has been going

Some useful terms:

• Past forms of verbs:went

was, were goinghad gone

had been going

Some useful terms:

• Future forms of verbs:will go

will be goingwill have gone

will have been going

Some useful terms:

• The main clause –

главное предложение

• The clause of condition –

придаточное условия

CONDITIONALS• Conditional sentences can be

divided into three types:• Conditional 1• Conditional 2 • Conditional 3

The First Conditional• The first conditional shows that,

from the speaker’s point of view, the situation is quite possible. In the main clause the future forms or verbs in the Imperative Mood or Modal verbs are used. In the clause of condition the present forms are used.

Conditional 1(real present or future situations)

Clause of condition Main clausePresent forms Future forms

If you are good, I’ll buy you chocolate.If you come in time, I’ll be pleased.If you have finished, you’ll go home. If the weather is sunny, I’ll go to the beach. If he comes late, we’ll miss the bus.

Conditional 1(real present or future situations)

Clause of condition Main clause Present forms Imperative Mood

If you are ill, go to the doctor. If you have finished, go home. If you are tired, go to bed. If you are bored, go to the cinema. If you are being late, take a taxi.

Conditional 1(real present or future situations)

Clause of condition Main clause Present forms Modal verbs

If you are ill, you should go the doctor. If you have finished, you may go home. If you are tired, you might go to bed. If you are bored, you may go to the cinema. If you are being late, you can take a taxi.

Match the following parts of sentences.

1. If I go on a diet, a. I’ll make a snowman.2. If it’s fine, b. I’ll take a taxi.3. If I don’t hurry, c. I’ll lose weight.4. If it snows, d. I’ll be late.5. If there’s no bus, e. I’ll go for a picnic.6. If you invite me, f. I’ll come to the party.

7. If it rains, g. I’ll stay at home.

Develop the following ideas.

1. If it rains, take… (an umbrella / a tent)

2. If you are ill, call… (a policeman / a doctor)

3. If you are tired, you can… (relax / jump around)

4. If you phone me, I’ll… (go out / stay at home)

5. If it’s hot, I’ll… (go diving / go skating)

6. If I am on holiday, I’ll… (go to dacha / stay at home)

Answer the questions.

1. What will happen if you eat too much? (lose weight, put on weight)

2. What will you do if you pass your exam? (celebrate with your friends, stay at home)

3. What will happen if you come too late for work?

(boss/angry, boss/pleased)

4. What will happen if you don’t study hard? (pass exam, fail exam)

Make up sentences

… eat too much… put on weight

Make up sentences

… not / work hard…lose job

Make up sentences

… rain … stay at home

The Second Conditional

The second conditional shows that, from the speaker’s point of view, the situation is impossible or unlikely to happen. The second conditional describes the present or future situations as unreal. In the main clause would + infinitive are used. In the clause of condition the Past Simple or Past Continuous is used.

Conditional 2 (unreal present or future situations)

Clause of condition Main clausePast Simple Would + Infinitive

If I had money, I would buy a mobile.If I saw a monster, I would run away.If I played better, I would beat anyone.If I was (were) you, I would see a doctor.

Match the following parts of sentences.

1. If I had free time, a. I’d have friends.2. If I played better, b. I’d have no

problems.3. If I joined the club, c. I’d win the set.4. If I came in time, d. I’d go out with you.5. If I saved money, e. I’d go to university.6. If I was tired, f. I’d buy a new house. 7. If I was cleverer, g. I’d go to bed.

Answer the questions

1. What would you do if the weather was hot now?

2. What would you do now if you had free time?

3. What would you buy if you won a million?

4. What would you do if you were overweight?

Answer the question. What would you do in each situation?

try to catch it, ring the police, call the ambulance, talk to a manager, run away

You are in a restaurant. You find a fly in you soup.

If I found…

Answer the question. What would you do in each situation?

try to catch it, ring the police, call the ambulance, talk to a manager, run away

You see a thief in your house.

If I saw…

Answer the question. What would you do in each situation?

try to catch it, ring the police, call the ambulance, talk to a manager, run away

You see a mouse in your kitchen.

If I saw…

Answer the question. What would you do in each situation?

try to catch it, ring the police, call the ambulance, talk to a manager, run

away

You see an accident.If I saw…

Answer the question. What would you do in each situation?

try to catch it, ring the police, call the ambulance, talk to a manager, run away

You see a ghost in your room. If I saw…

Conditional 3

The third conditional describes past situations as unreal. In the main clause would+ perfect infinitive should be used. In the clause of condition the Past Perfect is used.

If + Past Perfect (the clause of condition)

If I had known…If I had listened to you…

If I had come…If I had gone…

If you had read…If you had done…

Would + Perfect Infinitive (the main clause)I would have gone…

You would have done…They would have brought…

I would have become…I wouldn’t have made…

I wouldn’t have got…

Conditional 3

If I had gone to the party

(but I didn’t go there),

I would have made many new friends

(but I didn’t make any)

Conditional 3 (unreal past situations)

Clause of condition Main clausePast Perfect Would-Perfect Inf.

1. If I had been bored, I would have gone to…2. If I had found a job, I would have rented…3. If I had been cleaver, I would have done it.4. If I had come in time, I would have met my…

Develop the idea

come in time, be late, eat, throw away, go to school, go to the party, be angry, be pleased

If I hadn’t been ill, I would have gone to the party.Yesterday1. If I hadn’t missed the bus, I …2. If the food hadn’t been awful, I …3. If I had been OK, I … 4. If I had done my homework,…

Make up sentences (keep in mind unreal past situations)

play in the garden / get dirty

Make up sentences (keep in mind unreal past situations).

set the alarm / not oversleep

Make up sentences (keep in mind unreal past situations)

run faster / catch the thief

Make up sentences (keep in mind unreal past situations)

find a fly / talk to a manager

What would have happened? What wouldn’t have happened?

1. Yesterday he broke the window and had to pay. If he…

2. You didn’t study hard and didn’t pass your exam. If I …

3. You received a massage and went to the party. If I …

4. You had a bad headache and didn’t come to school. If I…

Read and make up conditionals

1. One night Paul was bored so he decided to go to the cinema.

If he hadn’t been bored, he wouldn’t have gone to the cinema.

2. The cinema was full because the film was popular. (hadn't been / wouldn’t have been)

3. Paul’s friend lived near the cinema so he went to visit him. (hadn’t lived / wouldn’t have gone)

Read and make up conditionals

4. He arrived and heard his friend crying for help. (hadn't arrived / wouldn’t have heard)

5. The door was open so Paul was able to get into the house.

(hadn’t been open / wouldn’t have been able)

6. His leg was broken and he couldn’t move.(hadn’t been broken / would have been able)

It was lucky that the cinema was full.

Homework:Write an adventure story using the third

conditional sentences. The picture may give you an idea.

Thank you very much.

You are nice students.Keep learning conditionals!