Water Water turns turns to ice to ice ifif it it freezesfreezes..

IfIf people people don’t getdon’t get enough sleep, enough sleep,

they they areare dangerous drivers. dangerous drivers.

to to describe what always happens in some describe what always happens in some situationssituations

to talk about to talk about scientific factsscientific facts

These are

at how we FORM these sentences.at how we FORM these sentences.

If-clauseIf-clause Main clauseMain clause

IF + Present Simple,IF + Present Simple, Present SimplePresent Simple

Main clauseMain clause If-clauseIf-clause

Present SimplePresent Simple IF + Present SimpleIF + Present Simple

IfIf James James studiesstudies hard, hard,

he he will bewill be prepared for the quiz. prepared for the quiz.

You You will bewill be sorry sorry ifif you buy that car. you buy that car.

to to talk about things that probably will happen in talk about things that probably will happen in the future, considering certain circumstancesthe future, considering certain circumstances

to to describe possible situations and their describe possible situations and their possible results possible results

toto talk about talk about “real situations”“real situations” – – when we are when we are certain that something will happen when certain that something will happen when someone does somethingsomeone does something

These are

This is how we FORM the This is how we FORM the 1st Conditional1st Conditional..

If-clauseIf-clause Main clauseMain clause

IF + Present Simple,IF + Present Simple, WILL / WON’T + infinitiveWILL / WON’T + infinitive

Main clauseMain clause If-clauseIf-clause

WILL / WON’T + infinitiveWILL / WON’T + infinitive IF + Present SimpleIF + Present Simple

IfIf I I had had enough money, I enough money, I would would taketake a trip to Hawaii. a trip to Hawaii.

I I wouldn’t dowouldn’t do that that ifif I I werewere you. you.

to describe to describe possible situations and their possible possible situations and their possible resultsresults

to talk about to talk about “imaginary situations”“imaginary situations” – we imagine – we imagine something that we are (almost) certain that won’t something that we are (almost) certain that won’t come truecome true

to to give someone advicegive someone advice, using the expression , using the expression

“ “ If I were you…”If I were you…”

These are

Here is how we FORM the Here is how we FORM the 2nd Conditional2nd Conditional..

If-clauseIf-clause Main clauseMain clause

IF +Past Simple,IF +Past Simple, WOULD / WOULDN’T + WOULD / WOULDN’T + infinitiveinfinitive

Main clauseMain clause If-clauseIf-clause

WOULD / WOULDN’T + WOULD / WOULDN’T + infinitiveinfinitive

IF + PAST SimpleIF + PAST Simple

Conditional sentencesConditional sentences have have two two clausesclauses: :

an an IFIF clause clause and a and a MAIN clauseMAIN clause..

thethe IF IF clause presents clause presents the conditionthe condition

the other clause presents the other clause presents the resultsthe results