condensed theology lecture 24

8/6/2019 Condensed Theology Lecture 24

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Condensed Theology

A Primer in Systematic Theology


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Christology:

The Doctrine of Christ

What does the Bible teach about

Jesus Christ?


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The Offices of Christ

Prophet, Priest, and King


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As our Redeemer, Christ fills the offices ofprophet, priest, and king.

Christ is a prophet in that he reveals Gods

will to us by his word and his Spirit. Christ is a priest in that he is our only

mediator, sacrifice, and intercessor before

God. And Christ is a king in that he has absolute

authority over our lives.


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Christ the Prophet


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The Offices of Christ: Prophet

The term prophet is first used of

Abraham

Gen 20:7: "Now therefore, restore the man's

wife, for he is a prophet, and he will pray foryou and you will live. But if you do not restoreher, know that you shall surely die, you and all

who are yours."


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Men who served as Gods spokesmen in

redemption history

Enoch:

Genesis 5:18 Jared lived one hundred and sixty-two years, and became the father of Enoch.

Jude 14: It was also about these men that Enoch,in the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied,

saying, "Behold, the Lord came with manythousands of His holy ones.


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redemption history

Noah

2 Pet 2:5: and did not spare the ancient world, but preservedNoah, a preacher of righteousness, with seven others, whenHe brought a flood upon the world of the ungodly.

2 Pet 1:20-21: But know this first of all, that no prophecy ofScripture is a matter of one's own interpretation, for no

prophecy was ever made by an act of human will, but menmoved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.


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redemption history

Isaacs prophecy concerning his sons (Esau)

Gen 27:28-29, 40: Now may God give you of the dew ofheaven, And of the fatness of the earth, And an abundanceof grain and new wine; May peoples serve you, And nationsbow down to you; Be master of your brothers, And may yourmother's sons bow down to you. Cursed be those who curseyou, And blessed be those who bless you.40By your

sword you shall live, And your brother you shall serve; But itshall come about when you become restless, That you willbreak his yoke from your neck."


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redemption history

Jacob cf. Genesis 49

Gen 49:8-11: "Judah, your brothers shall praise you; Yourhand shall be on the neck of your enemies; Your father'ssons shall bow down to you. Judah is a lion's whelp; Fromthe prey, my son, you have gone up. He couches, he liesdown as a lion, And as a lion, who dares rouse him up? Thescepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor the ruler's staff frombetween his feet, Until Shiloh comes, And to him shall be theobedience of the peoples. He ties his foal to the vine, Andhis donkey's colt to the choice vine; He washes his garmentsin wine, And his robes in the blood of grapes.


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Men who served as Gods spokesmen inredemption history Moses

Num 12:6-8: He said, "Hear now My words: Ifthere is a prophet among you, I, the LORD, shallmake Myself known to him in a vision. I shall speakwith him in a dream. Not so, with My servantMoses, He is faithful in all My household; With him

I speak mouth to mouth, Even openly, and not indark sayings, And he beholds the form of theLORD. Why then were you not afraid To speakagainst My servant, against Moses?"


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redemption history

Moses

Deut 18:15-18: The LORD your God will raise up for you aprophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, youshall listen to him. This is according to all that you asked ofthe LORD your God in Horeb on the day of the assembly,saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my

God, let me not see this great fire anymore, or I will die. The

LORD said to me, They have spoken well. I will raise up a

prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will putMy words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that Icommand him.


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Deuteronomy 18 was fulfilled inredemption history through a successionof prophets, until at last, a final prophet,

whose word would represent Gods finalword to his people, would come

That person is Jesus of Nazareth


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John 1:19-21: This is the testimony ofJohn, when the Jews sent to him priestsand Levites from Jerusalem to ask him,

"Who are you?" And he confessed and didnot deny, but confessed, "I am not the

Christ." They asked him, "What then? Are

you Elijah?" And he said, "I am not." "Areyou the Prophet?" And he answered, "No."


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John 6:14: Therefore when the peoplesaw the sign which He had performed,they said, "This is truly the Prophet who is

to come into the world."

John 7:40: Some of the people therefore,when they heard these words, were

saying, "This certainly is the Prophet."


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Acts 3:22-24: "Moses said, 'THE LORD GODWILL RAISE UP FOR YOU A PROPHET LIKEME FROM YOUR BRETHREN; TO HIM YOU

SHALL GIVE HEED to everything He says toyou. And it will be that every soul that does notheed that prophet shall be utterly destroyed fromamong the people.' "And likewise, all the

prophets who have spoken, from Samuel andhis successors onward, also announced thesedays.


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But not only is Christ theprophet, in thesense of embodying perfectly thefulfillment of Deuteronomy 18 and all

subsequent prophets,

He is also aprophet, in that he revealsGods will to us by his word and Spirit.


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John 1:18: No one has seen God at any time; the onlybegotten God who is in the bosom of the Father, He hasexplained Him.

1 Pet 1:10-12: As to this salvation, the prophets who

prophesied of the grace that would come to you madecareful searches and inquiries, seeking to know whatperson or time the Spirit of Christ within them wasindicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ andthe glories to follow. It was revealed to them that they

were not serving themselves, but you, in these thingswhich now have been announced to you through thosewho preached the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sentfrom heaventhings into which angels long to look.


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John 8:26: I have many things to speak and tojudge concerning you, but He who sent Me istrue; and the things which I heard from Him,

these I speak to the world. John 15:15: No longer do I call you slaves, for

the slave does not know what his master isdoing; but I have called you friends, for all things

that I have heard from My Father I have madeknown to you.


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Mark 1:22: They were amazed at His teaching;for He was teaching them as one havingauthority, and not as the scribes.

Matt 5:22: "But I say to you that everyone whois angry with his brother shall be guilty beforethe court; and whoever says to his brother, 'Yougood-for-nothing,' shall be guilty before thesupreme court; and whoever says, 'You fool,'shall be guilty enough to go into the fiery hell.

See also Matt 5:28, 32, 34, 39, 44; 12:6; 17:12;26:29.


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Matt 28:18-20: And Jesus came up andspoke to them, saying, "All authority hasbeen given to Me in heaven and on earth.

Go therefore and make disciples of all thenations, baptizing them in the name of the

Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit,

teaching them to observe all that Icommanded you; and lo, I am with youalways, even to the end of the age."


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Christ the Priest


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The Offices of Christ: Priest

The first time the word priest is used of

someone in Scripture, it refers to themysterious Melchizedek

Gen 14:18: And Melchizedek king of Salembrought out bread and wine; now he was apriest of God Most High.

Ps 110:4: The LORD has sworn and will notchange His mind, "You are a priest foreverAccording to the order of Melchizedek."


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But even before Melchizedek, the priestly workof offering bloody sacrifices took place Gen 4:1-5: Now the man had relations with his wife

Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain, and

she said, "I have gotten a manchild with the help ofthe LORD." Again, she gave birth to his brother Abel.And Abel was a keeper of flocks, but Cain was a tillerof the ground. So it came about in the course of timethat Cain brought an offering to the LORD of the fruitof the ground. Abel, on his part also brought of the

firstlings of his flock and of their fat portions. And theLORD had regard for Abel and for his offering; but forCain and for his offering He had no regard. So Cainbecame very angry and his countenance fell.


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In this sense, all the Patriarchs werepriests Abraham

Gen 13:4: to the place of the altar which he hadmade there formerly; and there Abram called onthe name of the LORD.

Gen 22:13: Then Abraham raised his eyes andlooked, and behold, behind him a ram caught in

the thicket by his horns; and Abraham went andtook the ram and offered him up for a burnt offeringin the place of his son.


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In this sense, all the Patriarchs werepriests

Isaac

Gen 26:25: So he built an altar there and calledupon the name of the LORD, and pitched his tentthere; and there Isaac's servants dug a well.


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In this sense, all the Patriarchs werepriests

Jacob

Gen 33:20: Then he erected there an altar andcalled it El-Elohe-Israel.

Gen 35:7: He built an altar there, and called theplace El-bethel, because there God had revealed

Himself to him when he fled from his brother.


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The priesthood became an official office underthe Mosaic economy

It was held by heredity

Exod 29:29: The holy garments of Aaron shall be forhis sons after him, that in them they may be anointedand ordained.

Num 25:12: Therefore say, 'Behold, I give him My

covenant of peace; and it shall be for him and hisdescendants after him, a covenant of a perpetualpriesthood, because he was jealous for his God andmade atonement for the sons of Israel.


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The priesthood became an official office underthe Mosaic economy

It was held by anointing, by consecration

Exod 29:29-31: "The holy garments of Aaron shall befor his sons after him, that in them they may beanointed and ordained. For seven days the one of hissons who is priest in his stead shall put them on when

he enters the tent of meeting to minister in the holyplace. You shall take the ram of ordination and boil itsflesh in a holy place.


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There would be a succession of priests until asupreme priest would arise whose work wouldabide forever

1 Sam 2:35-36: 'But I will raise up for Myself a faithfulpriest who will do according to what is in My heart andin My soul; and I will build him an enduring house,and he will walk before My anointed always.Everyone who is left in your house will come and bowdown to him for a piece of silver or a loaf of bread andsay, "Please assign me to one of the priest's officesso that I may eat a piece of bread."'"


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1 Samuel 2 was fulfilled in redemptionhistory through a succession of priests,until at last, a final priest, whose work

would represent Gods final priest for hispeople, would come



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Heb 5:5-7: So also Christ did not glorify Himselfso as to become a high priest, but He who saidto Him, "YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVEBEGOTTEN YOU"; just as He says also in

another passage, "YOU ARE A PRIESTFOREVER ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OFMELCHIZEDEK." In the days of His flesh, Heoffered up both prayers and supplications with

loud crying and tears to the One able to saveHim from death, and He was heard because ofHis piety.


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Heb 6:19-20: This hope we have as ananchor of the soul, a hopeboth sure andsteadfast and one which enters within the

veil, where Jesus has entered as aforerunner for us, having become a high

priest forever according to the order of

Melchizedek.


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Heb 2:17: Therefore, He had to be made like Hisbrethren in all things, so that He might become amerciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining toGod, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.

Heb 4:14: Therefore, since we have a great high priestwho has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son ofGod, let us hold fast our confession.

Heb 9:24: For Christ did not enter a holy place madewith hands, a mere copy of the true one, but into heaven

itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us.


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But not only is Christ thepriest, in thesense of embodying perfectly thefulfillment of 1 Samuel 2 and all

subsequent priests,

He is also apriest, in that he is our onlysacrifice, mediator, and intercessor before

God.


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Christ our sacrifice

1 Cor 5:7: For Christ our Passover also has beensacrificed.

Heb 7:27: who does not need daily, like those highpriests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins andthen for the sinsof the people, because this He didonce for all when He offered up Himself.

Heb 9:12: and not through the blood of goats and

calves, but through His own blood, He entered theholy place once for all, having obtained eternalredemption.


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Christ our sacrifice Heb 9:14: how much more will the blood of Christ,

who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself withoutblemish to God, cleanse your conscience from deadworks to serve the living God?

Heb 10:1-2: For the Law, since it has only a shadowof the good things to come and not the very form ofthings, can never, by the same sacrifices which theyoffer continually year by year, make perfect thosewho draw near. Otherwise, would they not have

ceased to be offered, because the worshipers, havingonce been cleansed, would no longer have hadconsciousness of sins?


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Christ our sacrifice Heb 9:24-28: For Christ did not enter a holy place made with

hands, a mere copy of the true one, but into heaven itself, now toappear in the presence of God for us; nor was it that He wouldoffer Himself often, as the high priest enters the holy place year

by year with blood that is not his own. Otherwise, He would haveneeded to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but nowonce at the consummation of the ages He has been manifestedto put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. And inasmuch as it isappointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment, soChrist also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many,

will appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin,to those who eagerly await Him.


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Christ our sacrifice

Heb 10:10, 12, 14: By this will we have beensanctified through the offering of the body of JesusChrist once for all.12but He, having offered onesacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THERIGHT HAND OF GOD.14For by one offering Hehas perfected for all time those who are sanctified.

Heb 13:12: Therefore Jesus also, that He might

sanctify the people through His own blood, sufferedoutside the gate.


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Christ our mediator

1 Tim 2:5: For there is one God, and one mediatoralso between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

Heb 10:19-22: Therefore, brethren, since we haveconfidence to enter the holy place by the blood ofJesus, by a new and living way which He inauguratedfor us through the veil, that is, His flesh, and since wehave a great priest over the house of God, let us draw

near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith,having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evilconscience and our bodies washed with pure water.


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Christ our intercessor Heb 7:24-25: but Jesus, on the other hand,

because He continues forever, holds His priesthoodpermanently. Therefore He is able also to save

forever those who draw near to God through Him,since He always lives to make intercession for them.

Rom 8:34: who is the one who condemns? ChristJesus is He who died, yes, rather who was raised,who is at the right hand of God, who also intercedes

for us. Jesus is always pleading for us with God on our

behalf. What an amazing thought!


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The Incarnation and Christs Priesthood

The fact that Jesus is our priest is another proof forthe permanence of the incarnation;

For in order for him to make intercession for us, inorder for him to continue as our mediator, he mustcontinue to be able to stand perfectly between Godand man as the God-man.

Heb 2:17: Therefore, He had to be made like Hisbrethren in all things, so that He might become amerciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining toGod, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.


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Christ as King


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The Offices of Christ: King

The first king in Israels history was Saul

1 Sam 10:24: Samuel said to all the people, "Do yousee him whom the LORD has chosen? Surely there isno one like him among all the people." So all thepeople shouted and said, "Long live the king!"

1 Sam 10:19: "But you have today rejected your God,who delivers you from all your calamities and yourdistresses; yet you have said, 'No, but set a king over

us!' Now therefore, present yourselves before theLORD by your tribes and by your clans.


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Although the establishment of the monarchy wasa concession to Israels disobedience,

Man ruling under Gods authority is part of hisultimate plan Gen 1:26: Then God said, "Let Us make man in Our

image, according to Our likeness; and let them ruleover the fish of the sea and over the birds of the skyand over the cattle and over all the earth, and over

every creeping thing that creeps on the earth." Ps 8:6: You make him to rule over the works of Your

hands; You have put all things under his feet.


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Man ruling under Gods authority is part of his

ultimate plan Noah was to rule

Gen 9:2: The fear of you and the terror of you will be onevery beast of the earth and on every bird of the sky; witheverything that creeps on the ground, and all the fish of thesea, into your hand they are given.


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Man ruling under Gods authority is part of hisultimate plan Abraham was a king in the sense that he was

regarded as an equal of kings, and he and Sarahwould be the parents of kings

Gen 17:15-16: Then God said to Abraham, "As for Sarai your

wife, you shall not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall be hername. I will bless her, and indeed I will give you a son byher. Then I will bless her, and she shall be a mother ofnations; kings of peoples will come from her."


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ultimate plan Jacob prophesied that the scepter would not depart

from Judah

Genesis 49:10: The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor

the ruler's staff from between his feet, Until Shiloh comes,And to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.


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ultimate plan Jacob prophesied that the scepter would not depart

from Judah

Genesis 49:10: The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor

the ruler's staff from between his feet, Until Shiloh comes,And to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.


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The Lord promised that through Davids line, adescendant would come who would rule forever, theMessiah 2 Sam 7:12-16: "When your days are complete and you lie down

with your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you, who

will come forth from you, and I will establish his kingdom. Heshall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne ofhis kingdom forever. I will be a father to him and he will be a sonto Me; when he commits iniquity, I will correct him with the rod ofmen and the strokes of the sons of men, but My lovingkindnessshall not depart from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom Iremoved from before you. Your house and your kingdom shallendure before Me forever; your throne shall be establishedforever.'"


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The Lord promised that through Davids line, adescendant would come who would rule forever, theMessiah 2 Sam 7:12-16: "When your days are complete and you lie down

with your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you, who

will come forth from you, and I will establish his kingdom. Heshall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne ofhis kingdom forever. I will be a father to him and he will be a sonto Me; when he commits iniquity, I will correct him with the rod ofmen and the strokes of the sons of men, but My lovingkindnessshall not depart from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom Iremoved from before you. Your house and your kingdom shallendure before Me forever; your throne shall be establishedforever.'"


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2 Samuel 7 was fulfilled in redemptionhistory beginning with Solomon, thoughSolomon, by his disobedience showed that

a still more excellent Davidic king wouldarise



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Isa 9:6-7 For a child will be born to us, a son willbe given to us; And the government will rest onHis shoulders; And His name will be calledWonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal

Father, Prince of Peace. There will be no end tothe increase of His government or of peace, Onthe throne of David and over his kingdom, Toestablish it and to uphold it with justice and

righteousness From then on and forevermore.The zeal of the LORD of hosts will accomplishthis.


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Matt 12:42: The Queen of the South will rise upwith this generation at the judgment and willcondemn it, because she came from the ends ofthe earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and

behold, something greater than Solomon ishere.

Matt 21:5: "SAY TO THE DAUGHTER OFZION, 'BEHOLD YOUR KING IS COMING TO

YOU, GENTLE, AND MOUNTED ON ADONKEY, EVEN ON A COLT, THE FOAL OF ABEAST OF BURDEN.'"


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Ps 2:8-11: Ask of Me, and I will surely givethe nations as Your inheritance, And thevery ends of the earth as Your possession.

You shall break them with a rod of iron,You shall shatter them like earthenware.

Now therefore, O kings, show

discernment; Take warning, O judges ofthe earth. Worship the LORD withreverence And rejoice with trembling.


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Acts 2:29-32: Brethren, I may confidently say toyou regarding the patriarch David that he bothdied and was buried, and his tomb is with us tothis day. And so, because he was a prophet and

knew that GOD HAD SWORN TO HIM WITH ANOATH TO SEAT one OF HIS DESCENDANTSON HIS THRONE, he looked ahead and spokeof the resurrection of the Christ, that HE WAS

NEITHER ABANDONED TO HADES, NOR DIDHis flesh SUFFER DECAY. This Jesus Godraised up again, to which we are all witnesses.


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Matt 2:2: Where is He who has been born Kingof the Jews? For we saw His star in the east andhave come to worship Him.

John 1:49: Nathanael answered Him, "Rabbi,You are the Son of God; You are the King ofIsrael."

John 18:36: Jesus answered, "My kingdom isnot of this world. If My kingdom were of thisworld, then My servants would be fighting so thatI would not be handed over to the Jews; but as itis, My kingdom is not of this realm."


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To demonstrate his kingship, he inaugurates thekingdom, the righteous rule of God promised inthe Scriptures

Mark 1:14-15: Now after John had been taken intocustody, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching thegospel of God, and saying, "The time is fulfilled, andthe kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe inthe gospel."

Matt 12:28: "But if I cast out demons by the Spirit ofGod, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.


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But not only is Christ theDavidic king, inthe sense of embodying perfectly thefulfillment of 2 Samuel 7 and all

subsequent kings, He is also aking, in that he has absolute

authority over our lives


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Acts 15:14-16: "Simeon has related howGod first concerned Himself about takingfrom among the Gentiles a people for His

name. With this the words of the Prophetsagree, just as it is written, 'AFTER THESETHINGS I will return, AND I WILLREBUILD THE TABERNACLE OF DAVID

WHICH HAS FALLEN, AND I WILLREBUILD ITS RUINS, AND I WILLRESTORE IT.


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He has absolute authority to rule Rev 19:11-16: And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white

horse, and He who sat on it is called Faithful and True, and inrighteousness He judges and wages war. His eyes are a flameof fire, and on His head are many diadems; and He has a name

written on Him which no one knows except Himself. He isclothed with a robe dipped in blood, and His name is called TheWord of God. And the armies which are in heaven, clothed infine linen, white and clean, were following Him on white horses.From His mouth comes a sharp sword, so that with it He maystrike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron;

and He treads the wine press of the fierce wrath of God, theAlmighty. And on His robe and on His thigh He has a namewritten, "KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS."


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Phil 2:9-11: For this reason also, Godhighly exalted Him, and bestowed on Himthe name which is above every name, so

that at the name of Jesus EVERY KNEEWILL BOW, of those who are in heaven

and on earth and under the earth and that

every tongue will confess that Jesus Christis Lord, to the glory of God the Father.


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Heb 2:8-10: YOU HAVE PUT ALL THINGS INSUBJECTION UNDER HIS FEET." For in subjecting allthings to him, He left nothing that is not subject to him.But now we do not yet see all things subjected to him.But we do see Him who was made for a little while lowerthan the angels, namely, Jesus, because of the sufferingof death crowned with glory and honor, so that by thegrace of God He might taste death for everyone. For itwas fitting for Him, for whom are all things, and throughwhom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, toperfect the author of their salvation through sufferings.


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He has absolute authority to defend

Isa 32:1-2: Behold, a king will reignrighteously And princes will rule justly. Each

will be like a refuge from the wind And ashelter from the storm, Like streams of waterin a dry country, Like the shade of a hugerock in a parched land.


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He has absolute authority to defeat all hisand all our enemies

1 Cor 15:25: For He must reign until He has

put all His enemies under His feet. See Psalm 110


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Summary


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The Offices of Christ: Summary

Christ is the ultimate prophet, and theultimate priest, and the ultimate kingpromised throughout the Old Testament

Christ fulfills perfectly what every formerprophet, priest, and king could notbecause of sin


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The Offices of Christ: Summary

Christ is a prophet in that he reveals Gods

will to us by his word and his Spirit

Christ is a priest in that he is our only

sacrifice, mediator, and intercessor beforeGod

Christ is a king in that he has absolute

authority over our lives

condensed theology lecture 24

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