conceptualizing the maker

8/9/2019 Conceptualizing the Maker

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Cctulz th Mk

Empowering Persona Ideniy rog Creaie Appropriaion

Binaebi Aa, Masers CandidaeAdised by Dr Saowen Barde

Indiana UniersiySoo of Informais and CompingHman Comper Ineraion DesignMay 2010


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Dediaion

Th ct t th t h v th

cut, tlt, tllc, tct, quk t

ull th jct, t. I k thut th

ut cut, I ul t hv ucc

clt ut .

A t l; u u cz

. R ht B th Du u

t ? B cul I lv u.


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Conens

Atct

1. Introduction 4

F E U t Mk 6

Mtvt 7

Wh hul u c? 7

Wht ll u t ut th? 8

Wh At Itt? 8

Wh Stuk?

Scl Ctuctv 4

Bl 5

2. Theoretical Foundations 5

Itt 6

Ev Dt 7

Acc Dt

Wk Dt Itt 3

At

Ev Dt 3

Hu-cut Itct Dt 35

Wk Dt At 38

Ovv 38


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3. Triangulating the Maker 4

C Stu: Stuk 4

Autthh 44

Stuk Itv 5

Su F 7

C Stu: At th Wl 7

Bl At 7

At th Ev 74

At, Stuk-tl 77

Su F 94

4. Theorizing the Maker 97

Sut th Mk 99

Dcu Ctut

Rlct

Acklt

Rc 8


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Cctulz th Mk


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Puct c th th u thuct th . Th l vlu

c ulll l tl, th t tt ll t tlh l- lc th l.

Donad Norman, 200


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Cctulz th Mk


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Cctulz th Mk

Absra

Th ch th cu th tct. Th ttt t cctull xl th lth t u, ut tht u hv c h th h ckl. Th k ut tht u k.

Th l t tchlcl tct hz, xl ll Al uct hch lk ct th h h thct. Nt l th tct hz, ut th t;th t cu xlt th t c. Ocuht, hv, tct h t t , ,/ u.

Th t tct, .. th t tct t t vul l-l tt, th th cut l-l tt th vul l t, cult t t. Th ult ct t, hv, t cult t tuh.

H k h tct h t? A thtct tht cu/cu t? Wht th c


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t v t, ctv t? D thc ll tl tchlcl t?

Th ch th ttt t xt ut u k. Th k th t tchlcl t,

ctv t, tt thuh th cl hck,ct, l tutl, th tl kl t h.Futh, tu k th th t th xl l l cultu Stuk c tu.

Th hcl thtc Stuk-t tchl l tu l-cct-th--u-hh-tch-hz-t cultu t th t. Sccll, th Vct , hutlzt t hz t.

Wht c th l Hu-cut Itct l thStuk k? Wht ll u, tct , t cltt uch ll tl ctv ct?

Wht ll u, tct , t kt l?


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Cctulz th Mk

Ituct


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| 5

Tchl k t t t th u,

t , l lv. W ccut t u

tchl, v t t lt ( h, h),

t lv u l. W hv cll h tht cct

u t lv , c-k, clt. Ou clcult

cut l th ll tl vtv.

Ou ll t ut tll u h , h

h, h u tt

lt t th t c t.

Tchl, h ut th l ht, ul.

Tchl lv u l t t th

cul thut t. Yt, t th th

tchl hv. It v t uh, l

uh, cclh xctl ht t. A ,

jct t, h th xt tt ll v u.

Tht , th u thut cct t u

tchl jct t, h th xt tt ll v

u. Th u u h, th th lk

th xt t th, t t t vl

lth th u xt tchl. W t

th tchl u lv t ut u u,

th th l th xt tt

th t t lttl cl t ht ctull t.

A th th, th v

t. F , t l t

t tt t v l (Cll).

F th, t uck th

jct t t cttut t uct th

ctvl cutz th jct tht th u h

t th h (Cll).

Whl th th ctu tt, th ct

ctv t t tu cu

th t ut qu t

cclh t. Th ctv ct t, h

th v ct, c ct th l, th th

th th. Th th, th c, th /

t h th tct.

Oc u th, u lz t. A I

lz th tu . It l th

ct th, ut l (R).

I v , ll t tt

hch v t cutz th tct ul

th; t t uh t l cct tct th

t, t cu ut t

tk (Buchl).


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Cctulz th Mk

Acc t th thcl tv u tct, l hv l

ht t luc th t, u hv ht t luctchlcl c ct th vt l l.

Berga-Kreborn and Sbros, 200

Yt, ct tct lkl t t,

ct lkl t ctvl

xlctl t.

F E U t Mk

Wlk th t I tk th ju

ut th v-ch lth t, u, tct.

A t t, hv lt ut

th u. Th t lck t;

tct , thh- tu,

ctxtul qu, th lk t xt thut

. Th th hv ct t thtct cut v th t qut

t ut th l th user.

Bvll-K Sthlt tuc th

cu th u t cut tchl

th 97, h th u vct. I th

98, th u c ctt ctt

ht t u l th 99,

uc t th llu.

N c th ct ; t hv

ct , ul ct u. Gv tht

tct h t l

l t ct, I t tht th v

th ct , hl l, utl.

Th th tk th v-ch v th u

t uth. Nt l hul th u c

t, th u hul l cz h

th , th l-, , I lk t , th maker.


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Mtvt

Hv u -t-ul huhl h

th k u xct t ttt t x t

u t lct, I t th

cut tjct th tchlcl tct.

It cl cult, t l,

t th tct l. Wht I t t

t th tht k, ut l lt thhclt th tct, lt th cut

u t k t , th th ll

t cut ?

W ll hv th ul lk t ch t

k th tct u lv k tt u. Th,

th, th tl uc th tu.

Th ct tht ll t th tct

u lv, tl lu, ccul

uccul. Th tt ch cu

t lth th l tt, th luc

h v th l tt th u.

Wh hul u c?

Nt t lt, ut t t thuh

t h th ctclt th ,

u t t. Sh ut t qut cl,

ct:

As computing becomes mundane, so too

do its designers, and it is harder to see why

or how they should be able to exercise more

leverage for change than anyone else.

D u t t l u clt tct

l cu th l u

u, u u qut h u t t

k th c?

I ul t t v th u th u,

cz tht th tllt, ctv,

uctv ctut t cut, zt,

ct th qu th th ht tl

(Bvll-K Sthlt).

Th tl, th c, u tct, htht lt, k, l clt, cll h u.


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Cctulz th Mk

Wht ll u t ut th?

A I t , tct l

ct h th l l l v u

u u t th kl hv th tchl

u ; lt th xtt t hch []

cl ut ch th xc

(Bvll-K Sthlt). Th u

u t ut th l l.

B k th , u u

k, u ll t hv t t th u--u

ut Rt (Eh). Th th l

tk I k l, h tct utlz

tct t t th uttl

chll ull tct u ctul

u (Eh). Lt lt th u u

hul th

utl t th , lc c th h

u u.

Wh At Itt?

Ft, ut t tht ll hu cultu,

tl tct cl cuct (Mck).

It uvl t ju th th

clth, ht h th , tc.

Th t t tht th jut tv, , t

l lvl ut th

tct th ch t . Shul vt th h

, th l ut t

th lt, l, tc, . Th cl

th ll, th tl ch, th t ktch

utl, ll ct th th

ut th uu l.

Th h l th ht ll hv

lth th th t th hch th uu

thlv (R). A N ,

Products can be more than the sum of the

functions they perform. Their real value can be

in fulfilling peoples emotional needs, and one

of the most important needs of all is to establish

ones self-image and ones place in the world.


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It t uh t hv tct

l, u O t l.

Pl t vl t

ttcht t tcul tl

th uch lt (O).

I t tl tl

tct, l hv tu t uch

-t-ul ctvt IKEA

hck, h tk th-th-hl, lt t t t []

t l, t

k ttt, t v t

tt th kt cul

(R). Th tc h

th tht thuh th hck,

.. t, th jct l th ct th, ut

l (R).

Th th ujct th ct:

t tu th vl t tt

t, t th

u t k h- hl thuhth cct. I tu

tt t, I

t v tct th th tht ll v th

tht k t l.

I t vct tht k u t t, l tht hul notk u impossiblet t.

At h ultl l, l t

(c, ttt), t t v t (utu, utt,

tc), t th xt ctv t tl tl tct, th

c tu th ct, Stuk.

Stuk, ll k, cultul vt tht uch

th jut thtc, t l ut l cct t ht


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Cctulz th Mk

u ct (Pt). It lt vt

th 98 utth th ututc Cuk;

tqut - Cuk t

th t th th th utu (G,

C). Pl t th lttu v ct

l t.

Wh Stuk?Stuk -lut ctqu tchl

(Ctth). P vlv th Stuk

vt, l k Stuk, l

th tl xtc v c hcl

tlzt ut t ctv tct (Hll).

Th h ct lt t th -t-ul vt cv th l hu-cut tct,

h t t tht:

We are in the midst of a tinkerer-maker revolution

where everyone from amateur geeks to world-class

artists are sharing a common spirit of creative energ y.

The DIY attitude is one of play, experimentation,

and an appreciation for an intellectual landscape

of possibility and undefined paths (Diana).

Th l t th qut h

th -t-ul vt xt t? At ll, t

cvt l v ctcl t u

h uct . Yt, t lk L, JA Fc,

H L; tlv h lk D

D, T Sc, Ct C; t lk

Et, IKEA Hck, Ituctl , ll luh.

Wh th?

Ill k, I t h t th c,

th xl h l th .

Th th tu utu t tll uch ch

t u clth th t k t c

Th th ujct th ct: t tu th vlt tt t, t th ut k h- hl thuh th cct.


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th Ut Stt, tc, I hv th ct

t v t. S hl I u tht c l

ct, I ct tht l t th -t-ul

vt xt cu t l tu t hv

ct ctv (D).

I ct tht l t ct u tct

tht l, ul, uqu, th t.

At ll, jct t lvt t hu l , t

ut tt t l t hu

tv (H). Pl lk t hv ct u

tct tht th k l tht th

cv hv lt, ul, chct,

lv c (Btt).

Pl th jut l lv;

ctu ul cut (Pul). M th

tht, th ct l, -t-ul, l

k k, h c th tl

l (Slv).

Ech Lc, I l hu-cut tct

c l th ctv ct t

tu Stuk, cvtl thutc

Th u ut []

cct t th v vul,cl, cultul tlvlu th tct hut tht th hul lk t hch tlv c th thcu ttt,th th c t u l ct th. F xl, lth u t lz jct

t th t u.Laey, 200


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Cctulz th Mk

u -t-ul h lc l thuh

l, u, cht t t .

Stuk h ultl ctt th h,

ct, uc, tchlcl hcl thtc,

th (Rtt). I cu th ltt. Th

tchlcl thtc Stuk l t ul-cct-th--u-hh-tch-hz-

t cultu t th t,

ccll, th Vct , h utlzt

t hz t. Wh l j th

vt, h? Wht th ctv c? H

th ctv ct t lct, luc,

ttll th l?

Wth ll th , l th th jct t v

ut ut tchlcl t

tu th tv h th ct ctv

t th th Stuk vt.

B tu Stuk, h th thlv,

th lth th th tct th ch t (

t t) t, I ll t k chcttc

tht cu t, vl k

th chcttc.

Th I t t t ul t. It, th t tt t

t thk ut th tct th ,

th ttl th v u t.


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Cctulz th Mk

P Wk


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Cctulz th Mk

Th ul ut u th ch tht

l t ttch t tct. Th v

lvl , ttcht, th lth t

th, cltl th , th ht,

cultu, tc.

Dt th vc, t tht

th l t l cct th th

tct uht t th l-l.

I th , th tc t ut

hu-ct ch jct. Wh

t tct, t k t th lvl

cct lt. But h c k h

h t jct, h, th t,

h t lct/luc th l /

l tt?

Atll, th ch u tht ll

ctv, th th cvt tht th t

ctvt th l. Bcu th, th

t ut, uch th ch

th jct ll qulttv, l cl

ctuctvt ut th t th.

Scl Ctuctv

I c k h I l l-

ct h h I cv th l.

Th l , cu, .

I l k, tt, t, ,

. I lv th tl ct h

I ut th l. I t t v vt tv, hch I c th xtct th utul

ul t tht v ht t I

lt.

I lz, hv, tht h I th l t h

th t. I ct, th I th l tl

t ; ht, t, ct. H I ut th l t

cct t th u , vc v.

Th ct jct cl ctuctv. A

t th Cll txt, I k ut

th l hch I lv k (Cll). M

ctuct hu th th th lth tt, t tt t ut

th ctxt (Cll). I u cl ctuctvt


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ch cu t v tvt t th tc

th tchlcl cl u th tct

t th t (Cll).

Bl

You live in a fantasy world, where every

day is a musical and inanimate artifactsspeak back to you. Jacqueline Akah

Th qut v ct hch th

tht I t th l. Yu ,

I thhz vth. Rt u, I

t chtc, I chzhc. I tu

t th th l u . It t uh

t l xt; I t hv xlct lth

th th tct l. I t l

t tuch tct t th t.

Th, th jct u th l tht I,

tctl , c ut hcl tct

th tl tct, tht th tct hv (

vl) lt. A uch, I cu th ct

t hcl tchl, th th th

hl tl tct h h th LCD c.

Tht , I lv qut l tht th ht th

tu hcl tct c /

th tl l.

Teoreia Fondaions

Th t t ll u t

c t, lt t lll .Wth hu-cut tct, hv, t h

u tv lct u lt t

th tchl th lv. Nt l t tv

h, t t utc

tchlcl .

Th t vu u tt: uct, tc, tc, tht ll cu

ttl cut/u t lt t t, thlv

t, ll t t lct h th thlv tu

ll t t luc h th thlv

It ul th, t l tct lct

luc h l. I c c t ttht xc th th hv l ct cut

l. Atll, th cut l t tk ,

l cu , th uct.


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Cctulz th Mk

Wth th , h I th hl

h, l tt? Wht I h I

t l? H th t lt t

t, c tu Stuk?

Th lttu v ct v t th ll

ct: tt, t, Stuk. Wth

ch ct, I v tt uc t

t ul k t, hch ll,

c cul th tv vt, hl

ctllz th/k ut tt

th t tchl.

Itt

Acc t ch, tt ht tc th

chl, cl, thl, lkl, th

lt l tu. A uch, I hv tt

luch t u-k tu ut tt

tchl. I h t l th h hv

c ; th hv uch t ut

tt t tc.

Itt, t lt , h u

l h / tt /

ch th l u u. Itt cl u

ct c u tt. Itt

l l, th ct ulttu, t ll qut

Wht. Hv, I hv c t lz tht tt

th th l.

Itt tt tht l, ut t cl

th l tl.

I ch tt t l, th

tlh v t, th tlhcc t. Th v t tlh

k t t th ut th tchcl


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u th chl, thl, lkl ,

hch l t t tt.

Ev Dt

Wh th l ulc t t ut ht

identity, h th tu? B

th l ulc l, I tu t ht I l

tu t h ut ut th : th

ct. Gv xc th ct, I hv

lz tht th t v th uc.

T tult th v t tt, I

c th l F Dct, M-Wt,

th Ox Elh Dct, Wk.

Bl ll th cu h

h tht tcul t lt l tt

t. Th h .

Free Dictionary: (1) The collective aspect of the set

of characteristics by which a thing is definitively

recognizable or known. (2) The set ofhvlorl chcttcby which an individual

htt://.thct.c/tt

is recognizable as a member of a group. (3) The

quality or condition of being the same as something

else. (4) Thetct ltof an individualregarded as a persisting entity; individuality. (5)

Information, such as an identification number,

used to establish or prove a persons individuality,

as in providing access to a credit account.

Th t hz th tc

tct, tht , czl ttut ut

hch k th t th. It , I

u, th tht hl u t th

t th t lc.

Merriam-Webster: (1a) Sameness of essential

or generic character in different instances.

(1b) Sameness in all that constitutes the

objective reality of a thing: oneness. (2a) The

tuh chct lt

vul: individuality. (2b) The relation

established by psychological identification.

T hv tt, ut vul th t

lt tuh chcttc lt.

htt://.-t.c/ct/tt


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Cctulz th Mk

Oxford English Dictionary3: (1) The quality

or condition of being the same in substance,

ct, tu, t, tcul

qult under consideration; absolute or essential

sameness; oneness; absolute identity, that asserted in

the metaphysical doctrine of Schelling that mind and

matter are phenomenal modifications of the same

substance. (2) The sameness of a person or thing

at all times or in all circumstances; the conditionor fact that a th tl t

th l; individuality, personality; l

tt(in Psychology), the condition or fact of

remaining the same person throughout the various

phases of existence; ctut th lt.

Thuh th Ox Elh Dct, ll t xlct c t l tt, c t

th l ct th , tht ,

ct ctut lt.

3 htt://ct..c/c/t/5?qu_t=&qu

=tt&t=&x_t_h=&t_t=lh&ult_lc=&ch_=G-HMcDAB-74&hlt=5

Wh th tt? Bcu t hc tht v

ct ct vt, .. k,

cltl t th tut, ..

h, th th . Th chcttc

ch th vt, t, th tll

th tt tht th h- hl h-

hl, t l.

Wikipedia4 (philosophy): identity (also called

sameness) ishtv k tt l

czl, in terms of possessing a set

of qualities or characteristics that distinguish

it from entities of a different type. Identity is

whatever makes something same or different.

Th tt th t tht th ut

t, czl tl, tcul,

chcttc, tc, tht ll u t , thut ut,

tht h h, h h, tht th h--h t

th h--h.

Wikipedia5 (social science): an umbrella term

used throughout the social sciences to describe

4 htt://.k./k/Itt_%8hlh%9

5 htt://.k./k/Itt_%8cl_cc%9


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| 9

an individualsch of him or

herself as a ct, t tt.

Itt ut th vul. Itt ut th

uqu t, qult, chcttc tht k

utu t t.

Acc Dt

Acc t th ll cc t, th

u th ut l tt,

l, tc.

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy6: Your identity

in this sense consists roughly of what makes you

unique as an individual and different fromothers. Or it is the way you see or define yourself,

or the network of values and convictions that

structure your life. This individual identity is a

property (or set of proper ties). Presumably it is

one you have only contingentlyyou might have

6 htt://lt.t.u/t/tt-l/

had a different identity from the one you in fact

haveand one that you might have for a while

and then lose: you could acquire a new individual

identity, or perhaps even get by without one.

Th tt cct, cu t h tht

u tt. It t l ht k

u uqu (tht , th uqu t, qult,

chcttc tht k utu tt),

ut l h u tt th t, vlu,

cvct t u tt.

I cu th l, tcul, L lt th t

u th z Sl Itt, h l:

. Sl ,

. Sl lt,

3. Sl l--k, I-l, l--ujct,

4. Sl--k, -l, l--jct; .. th

ct, thuht, l, vlut

l l hv ut thlv,

5. Sl c-k , th

tc ht th ch.

I th tc th ct, I ll utlz th


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Cctulz th Mk

uth t, hch I ll cu l--k,

th l--jct. I tt th ct,

thuht, l, vlut, l l hv

ut thlv th th lt, tc.

Acc t Mku Kt, th l h t j

ctuctul, u c hv t v

th l, tt v l, hch c

luc t th v tu xtc.

Th c t th t ctuctul tll ( u u tl 3):

It: tll- thuh thuht

l, t cl ctxt, u

tl, t t uqu, tc

Itt: xtll- thuh ttu lth, cct th cl ctxt,

lxl vl, t t t , tc

Tht t , t jut tt t tu th

t tt t t tu th tt

tt. I t th, t tt t lk t

th cut tht th vul l t, t t th luc tht hl t th

tt tt. Wht cut? It cul

c cllct vul, th tht

l tt h xc tht

uqu t th vul ll th c t

cllct vul (O).

It t tht tt ut tt

ll t. Wh l, I thk, ,

tt l ct . Hv,

c cl tt (.. I l cltll), I tt thuht ct lt

t h I u th tt th. A

uch, tt ut l ht

ttl th th uu .

Tht , I tht tt cllct

chcttc, kll, qult, tc, tht k tt, th th c t. Sc I l

th th cc t ut tc,

cll v tul l ut

th cultu hch lv, t tt

ut k th .

Th th t ut hv cllct qult, xc, tc, hch uqu t

vul ut l t cut vul,


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| 3

O tt. At ll, cllctv tt, th tt

cut vul, l th ct

l tt v xc x c t u, h th u th

tct l tt h xtc

t th ch tcul vul (O).

Wk Dt IttWhl t th t ut tht I

H Tukl thuht th tt t t

tchl. Th lt, ut th

t, I k t tt.

I l cu l tt, th th

vul tt cul tt, thuh th

hv luc l. I lv tt ut

uqu, t luc th cut/cultu.

Th, k t tt :

Identity is the unique set of experiences, qualities,

characteristics, thoughts, behaviors, etc, that

recognizably define an individual or collection of

individuals, and the relationships between them.

S th xt tt th t.

Wth th t tt , h th

tct u lv lct luc t? Wh ch th tct? Wht t t t?

At

A th t tt, I ch

t th tu t l, th v

t, th t u th l hu-

cut tct. Th v t tlh

k t t th ut th

tchcl u th hu-cut tct ,

hch l t t t.

Ev Dt

Sl t th tt, I tult

t Dct.c, th l F

Dct, M-Wt, th Ox Elh

Dct, Wk, Wkt, tut ht t t t jct.


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Cctulz th Mk


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| 33

Bl ll th cu h

h tht tcul t lt l tt

t. Th h .

Dictionary.com7: adj (1) Suitable or fitting for

a particular purpose, person, occasion, etc. (2)

Bl t cul t . v (3)To set apart, authorize, or legislate for some

specific purpose or use. (4) To take to or for

oneself; tk of. (5) To take without

permission or consent; seize; expropriate.

(6) To steal, esp . to commit pet ty theft.

Th t t ctl lt t thvul, th ut clu th ct

ctut t t t. Th

t uht th ll qut t :

t tht tk jct, th jct

c tcul t tht ? I t c

tcul t tht , th lct t

7 htt://ct.c.c//t?=lu

l t t? A th v t

tct hch t luc/lct l tt?

Free Dictionary:8 (1) To take for ones own use, esp

illegally orthut . (2) (Economics,

Accounting & Finance / Banking & Finance) To put

aside (funds, etc.) for a particular purpose or person.

Th t tt cu t hhlht th

tc th vul tk

tct thut . Wh ? I th

v , t h th th l

th tct. I t , hv, I

th t th th tct.

Tht , t t tk jct

u t u ch thut th

th l , th

tt. It t t tht th t th

th , t l t tt tht th u ut

8 htt://.thct.c/t


34/114

Cctulz th Mk

ctl uh th th tchl t u t

th (Dx).

Merriam-Webster: 9 (1) To take exclusive possession

of: annex. (2) T t t t

tcul u u. (3) To take or

make use of without authority or right.

M-Wt t k th tc

jct t th tchl v v th , v ltl

uvt th tt (Dx).

Oxford English Dictionary: (1) T k ( th)

th vt t , t k t v

t h h ; t t t. (2) Const. to

oneself: = next. (3) Hence ellipt. T tk , t tk t l. (4) Eccl. To

annex (a benefice) to some religious corporation, as

its property. (5) To allot, annex, or attach a thing

9 htt://.-t.c/ct/t

htt://ct..c/c/t/5959?qu_t=&qu

=t&t=&x_t_h=&t_t=lh&ult_

lc=&ch_=YRY-4QkcE-33&hlt=5959

to another as an appendage. Obs. (6) To devote,

set apart, or assign to a special purpose or use.

Const. to, for. (7) To assign or at tribute as properly

pertaining to; to attribute specially or exclusively.

arch. (8) T k, lct , t

utl t; t ut. arch. (9) To make proper,

to fashion suitably. (So Fr. approprier.) Obs.

Th Ox Elh Dct (OED) t t

th t t, l cuth OED t th tl ultl t

th . It th th t thuh uc

t t. Th, t hl l

th tht t ut k th jct

tcul t , tht t clu tk ,

tht t qu k th jct utl t .

Wikipedia: Appropriation is the act of taking

possession of or u to properties

or ideas and is important in many topics.

A, hv t h t

htt://.k./k/At


35/114

| 35

( ) th u jct t

ut th .

Wiktionary: v (1) To make suitable; to suit.

William Paley. (2) T tk t l

xclu th; t cl u

xcluv ht. (3) To set apart for, or assign

to, a particular person or use, in exclusion of all

others. (4) To annex, as a benefice, to a spiritual

corporation, as its property. Blackstone.

Wkt t xcllt clct

cu t t th xcluv ht h t tk

jct tht ut . I ul lk t

xtlt th t th h , ut l h

t, h ch t tct th

th l.

Hu-cut Itct Dt

Th t j t tht I hv

u th th l hu-cut tct

htt://.kt./k/t

: t tl xc,

t tl t.

Appropriation as Temporal ExperienceB Ah, McCth Wht,

Wkk Mt, c thk t

th ut t t th jct. All th

ut th ut t ul tct

xc th th jct.

Ah ut th tct/xc t

tv, h th th t k

tct. I, t l th c

t qu lul xc, th

l t tht th t c t

h . It t th h thuct th t uch (Ah).

McCth Wht t hv l t,

tht t k xc

u lt t t u l, u l

ht, u tct utu.

Wkk Mt c McCth Wht


36/114

Cctulz th Mk

th k th thuh u

tht c l, th u ut

u tut u tct utu.

Appropriation as AdaptabilityAt tlt t

tl xc xtcl tt, th

I t t t tht th ll qutt

tlt ctt t tl xc.

At th t, hv, th tvt lhtl

t. O ct l t t jct thut

t th t, thut hv xc

hch ut tt t.

A t , Dx h t hch lt t

th v t t.

These improvisations and adaptations around

technology are not a sign of failure, things the

designer forgot, but show that the technology has

been domesticated, that the users understand

and are comfortable enough with the technology

to use it in their own ways. At this point we

know that technolog y has become the users own,

not simply what the designer gave to them.

Mch, Jc, Slv tht th cu

t , tc

tlt. Sll, Slv t

h u vt t u tchl u

tht th h t c .

Wth th t t lc, I hv t t thtI t lv ut hv tv xc

t t jct. Whl tv xc

hl, I l c t th v u

tv ccutc.

F tc, h u hl t u l c,

h, cu l t th l/, tc? Ph t th t c v l t

v, v thuh th tt ut ut. It t

tt th c ct. I u , t tll tht

h c u t v t u, th t c cul

t u th u .

I tht , I th McCth Wht tht t h lt [th jct] t u

l, u l ht. I t t,


37/114

| 37


38/114

Cctulz th Mk

th jct ut c t l tv.

A h tht, xctl? Bcu t tuh t l th jct t l. Tht

t t. Tht .

At, th, h u th jct th

, cc t Dx. It h t,

Mch, Jc, Slv, th jct t l/

tk/tl/tc. I cll lk Slv t,.. u th jct th t ht

c .

Wk Dt At

Th, ull k h thv ACM t, I t:

Appropriation is the act of adapting an object to

oneself in a way that not only redefines the object,

but also relates the object to ones sense of self.

Th vu tt th t.

A t ch th ct, I

cz tht c t tl (hcl)

tl (tl) tct, t, I ch t cu thhcl cu th tt tctv c

tht ccu thuh ctv t.

Oeriew

I ch v xt lttu. I

tcl t, ctvt, -t-ul,

hck, ct, jt, tt.

It th l t th tct

l, th , cll t

ctvt, -t-ul, hck, ct,

ulh u th 9 SIGCHI cc.

I lk t ultl tl, th, u

t t ut th ctv c h

th ct. I ll th ttt t th -

cut k t

ut h h l t.

I t ut h -t-ul ctv

cv thlv, th tct th lv,


39/114

| 39

th lth t th t, I utlz ct

ct u ch.

I t ct u ch, I

utthh, I th ctv,

-t-ul ult th tt htcl

tct tchl. I t t

l, ct, u lu clc t t

ct t (k) Stuk-tl l.

I cllct clth, k, ch, ch, tc, tct Hll ctu h I t Stuk

researcher-scientist-explorer-extraordinaire.

I utlz lctv cc cu t xl th vul

thtc Stuk ch

th tl, ct ch, The

Lazarus, h u t t Jll-O tJll-O cuck.

F ct ch, I cu l l, u,

Et cht t, th t Stuk

Mz tcl. Th l, u, z

tcl v t ul tuct t th

Stuk vt, ll h th l-cStuk ct thlv th tct

th lv. Th Et cht t t

uc th ctul ctv -t-ul,

th v th tut t tu th tct

ct, h th ct tuc th tct tttl cut.

Etll v cvt I h ut th jct

tu t , cll t ccu

h ht vll

z t. I l lt th qut l

k , th vl ut ut th l. A cvt,

I utlz c t t t hl

c th tut c th jct,

lttu v, t l .

Althuh lttu cul , xl

u, u ch cuct, ht I hvcclh hl th tut c

th ut t, tt, tct. Th

h tht th th ll l t tht xl

th th, v k ll .


40/114

Cctulz th Mk

Tult th Mk3


41/114

| 4

T u ch, I u ct ch

lk t l th t, vlut-u,

Stuk Mz, t .

Ft, cu th cut Stuk lc

l; th t h-t tcl, cu h th

u Stuk, ht t t th, cu

th t j th l, t th th

t ctv vtu tht h tk v t,

th. Th vlv th l z t t xtu Stuk xt

tchc t vc -t-ul. Du t th cl

tu Stuk, th lvl -t

th th Stuk ctu , ct

l tt.

Sc, u t th tu th l t, lct, z tcl, I lt tht cu

th uc ul v t ut th

Stuk cut vt, hch ul hl

tut l th cut, -t-ul

ch. It v l ut t

ch, v t

tht hl t th t qut I t

t k th Stuk h ul ll t tv

v th.

Utlz Gl Alt t cu th tt

tcl lt t th t Stuk, I u ttl

tv ujct th ll t:

htt://l.c.uk/l/

htt://.cu.c/

htt://.ultt.c/

htt://.ct.c/

htt://.xkltct.c/

htt://hkt.lt.c/

htt://tukchl.lt.c/

htt://.tukz.c/

htt://.tukkh.c/

F ct u ch, I t thStuk I t t k t v l t

th ll ct:

Att: Skll tv, -uct

t t l tct

Cl: Skll ct tv h,

u ctl tt hl th t Ctt: Itt t t,

jct; th t c th cut


42/114

Cctulz th Mk

Ivt: Skll tv,

ttll uct t t

xtt / xlt

Mcht: Itt cv

t vc / uct

Schl: Itt tu th

h Stuk tl

M hltc ut th Stuk cut

hl utthh tu ct uch, ct tv.

C Stu: Stuk

Wh t Stuk t h h v

h t, I t t cv lk lk. St-uk?th k, th u. At xlt

hch ll clu t l,

ctt, l, ct, I t cv

x th th hl th cvt

xcl, Oh, u Vct Puk.

N, I h, Steampunk. Thk u League ofExtraordinary Gentlemen, Wild Wild West. N? Nt

ll? H ut Casper? Phll Pull His

Dark Materialstl? The Prestige?

Th tu t Stuk, t

t u tht h I k t, k

xctl ht I tlk ut. Th l

cu h h th t ct,

hv. It , tl, lt vt th

98. K.W. Jt, Cuk uth, t

987 tht,

Personally, I think Victorian fantasies are

going to be the next big thing, as long as we

can come up with a fitting collective term

for Powers, Blaylock, and myself. Something

based on the appropriate technology of the era;

like steampunks, perhaps (Gross, C).

Acc t C G, Stuk tqut

- Cuk t th t th

th th utu. Th th lt tt,

h, ut ht ut th u vt tht

l chtl thuh -6? (Pt). Acc

t th Stuk Mz, t -lut ctqu tchl (Ctth).


43/114

| 43

Th Stuk Mz,

t, vlut-u z

hhlht ct, h-t tcl,uc v v, tc,

t th th uk uch

th th t tchl.

S cl tht Stuk

ct ul th

thtc, vl cct, jcultu (Hll). Stll th tht

t ul cu l

uccul lz tht th

lv h l . W

llk t lt

tchl (Stl).

I th , Stuk ,

ct, -lut ctqu

tchl. It , th ct, -

t-ul, vt

t th thtc, cutcultu

At Ct Mvt t

Ctu u (Stl).

Th At Ct Mvt

th 9th Ctu uttl

t th tzt

chzt, th thtc cl tt

(Vk). Th t th

vt t uc tct

tht th uul utul

(Vk). I th , th ct,

-t-ul, vt h

utlz th Stuk thtc

t cut

tchl jut Wll

Stuk ch l, th,

cuh, tul ul t thl. T uch ht Stuk th uk, ll t u.

Pukth u lht c.Pukth t t. Puk

th v, -t-ul thc.Caasropone, 200

M h, t ct th

ut j v (Vk).

Luckl Stuk, th

qu th u ctvtl ch tht th At

Ct v hk v

cul hv , uch

t, ct, Ituctl

v, t, k, cllh,

ch Et.c

(Stl).


44/114

Cctulz th Mk

I lk t th ct ct Stuk cu

l, ctvt, ctcl l-lv, ct,

ct ctl t ut th c t, ll th cct c t

cclh Stuk tchlcl t.

(Slv).

At, cltl thtc Stuk

tt, ctqu th cut tchl

cu t u h, lh chu uc thtlk ut th th t ctch, t

tl tht c utul h t h

u t, lk lth (Vk).

B t tct, .. k th tct

l, l lkl t th th ch

th tt. Th ht

t Stuk. Th h Stuk ct. It

hcl, h- ucultu, hch, I

P Wk ct, hhl tt t tctl . I th ct tht th ctv t

ccu hcl tct tt ht? I t

u. But I k tht I lv th ct tht th ltl

cu l t thk ctvl (Bull).

Autthh

I t ch, I utlz

ktch k t k thuh thuht th

ktcht, u th x. I l

utthh, hch, c S,

l-tv tht ctqu th tut l

th th cl ctxt. Th t th cl

Stuk k l t ut th t.Th ut th tlt lcc u t. A ht tct vc tht

ch ll u u t utl.Sering, 200


45/114

| 45

ctuctvt ut th l, , Duc

, th ht kl,

ultl vt ckl vlu.

Th utthh u th

t ut tut th Hu Cut

Itct D t I Uvt. I

tk t cc cu, th cu, I

tt tuct t th t

tut. I t t v t th Stuk cultu,, tk vc t th t tut, t

uch t ht-cut c

l thuht.

I ch t utthh cu I l

vlv th ct DIY vt tht l

l t th Stuk ult. Bt tt htcl h, cc ct,

DIY ct, I h t tl ht t

th vl t th ct t tt

thuh xc.

I v vll Stuk Mz u, hch

th t, l-cl z thStuk cultu. Th lz l th

th th cultu, th vcul, tt,


46/114

Cctulz th Mk

cc th vul cut. Ful uh, t tu

ut I h c th

th th Stuk th I thuht.

Do-it-yourself

T tut l th Stuk

-t-ul ctv vt, I

th th ll tl t th t t k

Stuk l.

St l

B ct

Su lu

Aclc t

T

F th ctvt, I lz

tht I l th kl I

h t ct th l.

Tht t , I th tl

I l th, utlz

vu kl ct

t ct l. Th,t tht ht t

th jct tht t t

(t l ct

th tc) ut.

Creative appropriation

utilizes existing knowledge.

It l t thuh


47/114

| 47

t v uch

th tht c tuht. I

u huhl h ultth lutl cul t u,

t v . Th clu

c utu, ktch tl,

ct, tc. Hv u

l tlh -t-ul

huhl, I hv u

t t th u ltt vu jct. I

cz th tt th

u l.

Creative appropriation is

not intrinsic to a certain

personality, it can be taught.

Costume Play (Cosplay)

Ath ct th Stuk

vt ctu-l, l

k cl. I ut k

Stuk l t u

Hll ctu, h I u

th l L Al Gu,

Stuk Rch, Sctt,

Exl Ext.

Th xc t t

ht t lt lk t l th l

Stuk. Th jt clth

th ctu ull

clt, I t t lt

lt-tl jckt, vt, tc. Auch, I lt ctl v thuh

I l l. I u

vt lckt l k t

l ctu, u

chlh t th,

N u, t l

xl l.

Wh I ch th l

ch, ctt, xl? I

ch tht ult-ct l cu

tht h I . I ch

th hut Stuk cu

th ctvl t. I ctt, cu I lk t

tt u hut

lc tuth. I

xl, cu I t k

h th ct jct tk. S, v thuh I l

chct, tht chct tll v

uch .

Role-playing allows for

creative freedom because

it bypasses social norms.

I t t th v ht,

cl jut l u. A h

t lk t hv u?

Creative Aesthetic Modification

I u lctv cc cu

t xl th Stuk vul

thtc h

ch ul lk. Whl t

th ch, I h t

ul ut u t t xu,h th ul hv t u

t k th t v, tc.


48/114

Cctulz th Mk


49/114

| 49

Ovul, th ch t

ctull k, c t cc, ..

l. Tht , t u uh t t ht I cul

c u th hl t

czl h uct.

It is a rewarding challenge to

create something that retains

a recognizable aspect.

Th lt c, tul,

utt, tc tht

t ctv k. It cu

th tul tht t th

th l-u. I hv

ch cck tht th l, th t

c tht u, th ult

l tht c

lv th l.

Problems are tolerable if

there is a perceived solution.


50/114

Cctulz th Mk

Pctu 49 -uct ch I

u Th Lzu, h l u t t

Jll-O t Jll-O cuck, t th Ik v clt cc. Whl th

ch t k t xt

ch, t h ct t .

It th t cc jct tht t l.

It t t v th t tht

k thk th.

It v B-tct , cu

th hl, , ltt, tc, t

u th tk c.

Ctv t ut l t th jct.

Th ht I th, th,

utthhc xc, lt.

Ctv t utlz xt

kl th ctv t.

Ctv t t tc t

ct lt, t c tuht.

Rl-l ll ctv cu t jct cl .

It chll t ct th

tht t czl h uct.

Pl tll th cv lut.

Ctv t ut l t th jct.

Stuk Itv

I t c x h cul v thvul thuht t t th

htt th Stuk cultu. I ttt t

ctct ch th ll Stuk ct:

Att: Skll tv, -uct

t t l tct

Cl: Skll ct tv h,u ctl tt hl th t

Ctt: Itt t t,

jct; th t c th cut

Ivt: Skll tv,

ttll uct t t

xtt / xlt Mcht: Itt cv

t vc / uct


51/114

| 5

Schl: Itt tu th

h Stuk tl

Ututl, u t th lt t th tu,

I l l t t ctct th tt, cl,

vt, cht.

It th u tv. Itvtk lc v Gtlk, Sk, h, -,

hchv t cvt th ujct. Th

tv tk h hl hu t t

hu, th tv ujct tt

vllt. I h h t t vt, ut

t t l v lct, tv

ujct vll t.

I -tuctu tv, th lt qut vll, ut th tuctu

l cvtl. Ech tv th


52/114

Cctulz th Mk

l qut ut th ujct ut

ttt Stuk, h th c t tht

cclu, tc. F th, I k ut th ujctl th Stuk cultu.

Sc th ujct tt, cl, vt, /

cht, th th tv cu tl, jct,

tl, tc, h t lt t th ujct ut

ttt Stuk, h t hl th

ujct th l tt, t .

I c th tv u u c tl,

/ v c t. I l tk ktcht

k c cutt th ujct

cllct ut th ctv c.

Wh I h clt th tv, I lu th t th t. I u u

th cu I t t t ll th t I

thuht th hul , th, I t th t

t k tl.

I ull ut th lvt qutt, qut x

c. I th t th c cc t th cvtc, ct l t t t th

t tc. I t tut t u, hv,


53/114

| 53


54/114

Cctulz th Mk

cu I t t tct t quckl. Th

cu I t t t tt t

tc cu k t uch ut thStuk cultu, th th l tt,

th HCI ut t.

T ct th , I th t

xc th th c, th t hv u

th ch c t t cc t tc.

Bcu h t hv th I h, th tc v, chv, cluv. Th

tc ull th t xc h

I hv z th ct qut th tv.

Ech tv ujct h lt Stuk, k,

l tt, tc, cc t th l ht. I

t t t cut tc tht ul c

lk t th vll tv, t jut th

tht k. Wth th qut z, I t ck

t l t th tv k th

hltc qut, Wht th ut?


55/114

| 55

I ktch ut th hltc t tc ch

tv t 8 4 c . Th tc

tlt, t th . Ech tc c th u, th u t th

u t t/ th tc.

Wth ch tc c, I t th t ht.

Th ht z th th th

tc, th clu th u c

t ch tv ujct.

I ttl th u tc. Th t 5 tc

ch th t lvt t th tu. I

ut ch tc t tck t, ct th

t th t 5 tc, l t cv

tht th ctl th th tv c t th

qut, Wht ?

Th lk vu qut, th t th

t, ht? I u tht th t k ht

, cu t tc tt cut

tchl. Wht I t hv t lv th cut

t h I uht t? Wht I t t hv

cut th Vct? Wht I lkvlvt h tl?

Wth ll th , I lk t lz th ttxtult

ht th tv ujct . Th ct th

qut ll, lt t-t-lt cu:

Cut; l/h/l-lv;

uqu/vul (t); t uqu

th; ctv tl; chcl ch;

ct v. t v. ?; tl uc; ht

Stuk?; tl kl; ctvt;

th tc DOING; cv;ctv c; t v u uk.

Th hv ch t v t.

Th th tht cct u tht t cv ht

t tt , jutt u tt.

Wa W.


56/114

Cctulz th Mk

T v u ctxt t th lct qutt, I

hv lt th u th th l-lct

ctzt, hch I h t th, ll h l th tt explicit th

Stuk cut.

I xlct cu t th Stuk I k t,

th ll lt th h t Stuk

vt t th ctv lv, ut hv

t th t.

CommunityTh h th tc h.

Acc t M, t t th lktt, cll h, ut Mt, lv

lt lv . Th c th ll th

tv th ct tht th Stuk t t

l cct th h c-k.

Wth th h Stuk tt, th l

xlt, t cu.

Name Category Duration

H M. Mcht Th

Lu A. Cl T

Luc M. Cl Eht th

E P. Ivt/Mcht Th (ucll Eht )

M S. Att/Mcht Sx th

Ht S. Cl/Mcht O

Mt F. Att (tl) Th

Chltt B. Cl T

Wlt W. Ivt/Att Th (ucll Tht-Sx )

*Th u h hv u t tuctu t ck ll .


57/114

| 57

E: Th Stuk cut

, l. Yu ct hv Stuk

thut cc ct , k, k, ll tth, th cl.

M: Th ch cultu

tt, ct, tk.

E: I th tu Stuk thk

u , uv lt clt.

Mt: I t t k ht th ,

tht th k ht I . I lk t

k tht ht I t vcuu.

Pl l th hv tlt.

Edgar P.

Mt: I t k h

t ul t kck th k t th.

Wlt: I I cul l k th, t ul

th Iv hl th.

It thuh th vlvt th th l

Stuk cut tht cu th Stukt lt th th cul ut th

ct.

Utl ch Stuk l,

tv ujct th ct/ct cu th tc cc ct, lttv

ht, Vct ttt, ct, tc,

tt, th th t.

Mt: I jut t t cct. Yu

c t vlv Stuk thut

k u l clct.


58/114


59/114

| 59

Ht: I l tt

t ht th k.

Th ck l th th cut tht

c h tchqu. Th l t

cu Stuk, th vv

xlt, vt, xtt. Th

h th l, u, t tv t th

xl utu Stuk; t qu th

tt l h t t l .

Wlt: Sh u tchqu c

uc k k cultu.

Ht: I lk tht, I

t tht, I t.

Chltt: I hv tc t l t tht

t vl . B tch, I t t

th cvt th ctvt.

Mt: It t utl I l

t tht I thuht I cul l t t.

Lu: Yu c tll ht th

cu v t.

E: Yu t vlv t t

ul u tch l.

M: Wh u tch , u th

ctvl. I k th t tch/ulh

th xct t k, tch, ct.

It tht th cut th lu ltc tl.

It hul lk lk t tc.Wa W.


60/114


61/114

| 6

utthh tu. Stuk ll

tv ujct t thlv, ut k v

thlv, v hch hz tculct th lt ht tht th t l

ctl hz v .

Lu: Stuk cct , t ult-

cl v . I cht, I

chct M Cu.

Luc: I lv th lt tl,

t t t lk.

E: [M ] ut th k .

Ht: I u t Stuk ult

cll thlv , ut h u ct

th u lt c ut t u t ht th c u th.

Chltt: I ll t th xl, u,

Stuk. It t

htcl clth t v l.

Th k t uqu vul vlt th Stuk cut u t

t tchk ht. Stuk cct ultl

ttt th cu Stuk

l tt.

Drawn to unique thingsTh tc lt ctl t th vu , cu t

cllct thuht tk xt tct

lt t cu t k t tt/

tu. Th xlct ct tv ujct

tk th tct t h uct,

ut ctv uc.

H: It t hv t th

t h u uht t.

Lu: It ut ht t cul , t ht t

. I l thk th ck h

lct ttl u.

Luc: It c t ttt th.

E: Tht juk. But t t

t , t ttl t.

Mt: I t t tk th

t t t th l.


62/114

Cctulz th Mk

Chltt: I lv chtc th

t tcul t.

It t tht th xt cct t

l th tct th lv th . W

uu t tht hv lttl t u,

t lk th tc t u lv.

H: W l hv [ttl]

cth, ut jct. Pl t

l t vlz, vclz ut ttct

t th lut cu th lt.

E: Oc utul

th t th c l.

Ht: Th tht u

hul tt, t.

Wlt: Icl, tchl u

cct th , l, ; th

cultu k t t u h.

It tht th cut th lu

ltc tl. It hul lk lk

t tc. Yu uch t thtchl tu; u t t t tt.

I u th qut tcull tt cu

I k h ul u tht th

Al uct tt, tht th lk l k thtc. Whl th uct lk ,

th hz, hch cutct th tht

th ut c .

Oc th tc c tk t uqu,

vul, ctc, tc. Sth lt th

tchl cu th cl.

Creative toolsBcu I k t tt, vt, tc, t tt

t tlh ht th Stuk c th tl

t. Th ttl u t

th qut hch vl lt ut th Stuk

cut. Ml, tht vth ctv uc th c c ctv tl.

Lu: I lk t k th h.

Yu t tl u t.

A lu. Lt lu.


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| 63

E: I u tl h tl. I tl

h. Iv u th c I t.

M t tl th th l tl ull, th t t, h ht.

M: I lv hv h h.

Mt: M vt tl th tt.

It lk c . M lt

vt tl ccl. Bcu

, l t h.

Th h th t clu t, ..

th utlz xt vll kl

tl t ct tct tct.

Th l h hk, th

k th hcll l t ct tth hclt th tct. Th tlt ct

ctt t tl ctvt, h th tl

t tct h t c.

Th Stuk I k t t t th th

tl tt lvl hch th lt lck

th ctv cut l.

Mechanical comprehensionHk t ck t th chcl

ch. F xl, h u h, uck t u, l th ht. Yu k u ck t u th

hl cu t lk thuh t ul t u h.

Yu tc th ht th h h, hch ht t

th h u.

H: Th c I c tt

ut th th cut tch; l th th c hl

ut. M tch l,

u t ut th tch,

t t lk t. B

lk t th th t ,

u c t h t k .

Mt: I ct c cut. I ct

cctulz h cut ch k. But I

c cctulz tch, t z. W

lk t k th u h tc

th cu l t ull.

Th Stuk I k t t th c utt tht c t hv th lt t,

c, tu cut tchl th c tu


64/114

Cctulz th Mk

h. A t th ct

, Mtt S, t tt t l t uck

t t t.

Craft vs. Art vs. ?Ittl, th Stuk I k t v cc

h I k th ht th cll ht th , t ct, t t, t th l? Iv lt th t

th uct t hhlht th c, th tlcz

h .

Th lt clu th tl hc th tc

vul t tc: cut, l,

h, l-lv, tc. Th t t h I t h th th u-k,

hch vtull c l, th k.

Inspirational sourceM th Stuk tt tht th tt

lt th th lv cu

th t h tht c th th k

thl. Th cut h th,

tl, tl uc luc vul

Stuk, vc v.

It t tht t c

lt vth Stuk hv ,

tht th th ull u ut l

ctvt t th v. I t Stuk,

th Vct , ccll, th Iutl

Rvlut, Wlt hz tht th ll uth u k th .


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| 65

Craft Art Make

Harriet:Craftisthe

creativeprocessapplied

tosomethingphysical,

somethinguseful.I

preferthetermcraft.

Itsmorehands-on.

Harriet:Whydoyou

alwaysneedareason

todosomething?Some

artisjustbecausethe

artistfelt like it.

Margaret:Icraft,butIhaveaspirations

tosayImake.Craftisforyourself.

Its not make until someone else

sees it.Tosayyouareamaker,you

needtopass on your knowledgeina

consumable,understandablemanner.

MargaretCrafting

usedtohaveabad

reputation.Homemade

meantyoudidnthave

enoughmoney.

Mary:Bymaking

[Steampunk]jewelry,

Icanwearitaround,

ratherthanhiding

itathome.

Walt:IcallwhatIdomaking.The

goalisinthe time spent,notinthe

endproduct.Andthenthesharing.

Charlotte:Craftdoesnt

encompassallthatIdo.

Lucy:Icantafford

tomakeart.

W h l l h S k


66/114

Cctulz th Mk

W th t l vlut u t

v-clt u th th l c,

vuc hz tchl, cct th th tct u lv. W l

t t k h u tct c , l

cct t th.

It t tchl v, h

Chl P; h tct t u h

t, h cllct thl. H lct ct j cu cc

l. A th j c u th h ,

t ll h t l cct t th l. B

th j, t h t cl t th l,

th th .

Sll, I u tht tchlcl tct (.. tj l) c u th u vul

, ll u t l cct t th ,

hth tht cct th l, ,

l , tc.

What is Steampunk?Sl ut, Stuk k lk M Mx

t J Aut, M. It tcttt th Iutl A, cc t

Mt, ututc tchlcl ttt th

t, cc t Luc.

I th th th ct hul hz, t ,

M xl, tht Stuk tl t , th

.

Stuk tl, cut, th, tc, ch

ut t v, cc t E, u t t clu

tlt cu t ll ll ut ht u ,

u v, ht u ut ut t. Lu

hz tht Stuk l-lct k.

Material knowledgeYu tchqu, tl, tl t

th tct u ct. M S.

A t , Stuk h

ctvt, t, k. Th h

ht t Stuk, th th htStuk c v th .

I l lk S k


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| 67

Th, th tl kl v t

. M th Stuk I k t, hv,cu u u jct c v uht

jct (Lu, M, Wlt).

Fu jct l. Th t k

th ut th h cltl

ult t th cu th u jct

t cll vlul th t lc. It lk Wlt, I l tll l k t utl u k t. Pull

th ut th th, xt th t, ut

t utl u k h t x t.

CreativityB t tchl, I hl

v l k tu uctv hv th tl. Wlt W.

M th Stuk k th tc

ctvt u th t hl t t th -j.Wlt k h h l j , I t t t

t, I ll t t th th. F h,

h kh th; h c k cctt

hv th tl tht h c h t th

l. Th ct tht h c ck u h tct h

t t th h c hl t hcll ut th

k tht t t t k.

Dtl tct t hv th

xc tht hcl tct h, ut tht t

ct th t h , t

, .

Lu xl u l th, u t, tht h h h h t ultl

ct. M ut th cl tht l

I ul lk Stuk t t cut.

Pl h l th t qut t, ut th jt t tt, tth.

Wa W.

ct t l t l cu t Th h Ch C


68/114

Cctulz th Mk

ctvt l t l cu t

l t hv u x thlv. Futh, M

tht ut x th l, hl ctvt th k.

The importance of DOINGEv ut th cht k th tc

, t ul. It t tht

th ut, .. u th , l

ch th ct th, t u, t ctv. Luc h lv th chll

t h uc, t, kll, cu

t t th h ccut qu. Ht h

th t t tht h t ut

th ct u t t t t k t.

Th k t th. Th h I t tut chl, tc, cu I t th

hu lt t cuculu.

Th h Ch C, ,

Wl Wct l t tth

th cut ckl th tc cht (.. hth) tl l.

Th h El All Ph lct

th utu, h t tc c tk l

l t u th cl t.

Th h L Dk tlk ut th

tc tl th ht,

h tl ht t l l t, ut vul

t u l ht.

Su, I k tchlcl tct h

c u u, .k.. k, t t lt hv

th lt t t u . But h t

c t t, th t th ut . Th

t th, th. Th t ct

ch. Th t k ctut t th l.

I I l t l, I thk I th.Margare F.

Discovery


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| 69

DiscoveryWh I k cv tc cu, I

t th cv Stuk cut,cultu, thtc. I t u, E tl

tht th th t ct hch cht

u thlv: ct, ul, l.

Du t th lt Stuk l, u,

th cut, th cht l t vt

th t l h h Stuk xt.

Mt tt tht h lz th

Stuk vt, h lv , h,

th v Castle in the Sky, Stuk

tul t h. Lu h c tt

Stuk h cl, cu h

tt t Stuk ttt th

vt chct.

Luc u Stuk thuh l cc uch

Babbage and Lovelace( hlul cc,

th , I ut u chck t ut), Broken

Gears. Sh tt, hv, tht cu h tth cut, h tll l lk h th ut

tch . Wh I k h h h lt tht , t

cu h ht h th t t th, t k

th h cl.

S , t th lzt tht th th th

l h tt th t tc ctvt tht k Stuk ht t . Ol thuh

h ctvt th l t t ,

t, I lk th tu t, hul ttll .


70/114

Cctulz th Mk

Negative use of punkTh Stuk h k th

ht th uk th, hv,

t l t th u uk

th th Stuk cut.Puk, H t, ut

c th tlht, t ut

Creative processTh cllctv ctv c Stuk c

uz th l l tht

I . I cult u

Chltt, th

tt Mt,

E t t.Rch cult lk

th tl, u th

tt, tc.

I cl l lk Wlt ctv

c, t h h

th tht ut ht tt t , cu h thk th

lk tt. F

h, h lk t ul xt

cu t v h tt

t. E c clu th

h h ctv c t v

h t t t tu Stuk vt.

ht th h? H

t , tt tht

uk ut l, h,

th, t th tt t. T h, uk/

l h u, t


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| 7

5. Stuk u l tl t cltt th ctv jct.

6. Stuk c l cut t

cltt th u tl tl.

7. Stuk t

th u utul.

8. Stuk lv th th th h.

9. Stuk vl th ct tht th

cut th hch th c

c, , c .

t ct h lt tt,hch I u tt. At ll, H

l h cvt h tchl

hcl c t Vct. T , th k

ll t th ut ht

utul tchl, l, ht utul

u th h.

Su F

I u, I l th tt ct t ull

tv th ll:

. Ct Stuk l t thMk cultu, t l.

. Stuk th h th h

ctl v th jct th lv.

3. Stuk tlt, j

h th tlt th th.

4. Stuk lk t t vulz, th tht, lz.

C Stu: At th Wl


72/114

Cctulz th Mk

C Stu: At th Wl

Th c t clu 33 z tcl

lz, 68 l t x, Dvt At

tt ll, Flck u, Et cht

t v. T ht th xl

ch, I ll Fl l tct tu

cu t tu th lth cultu vul

hv th tct, vc v. Th Fl k

tct l t-l: clct l.

Th v-t clct ct th tct

t: ht, tl, ctuct, ,

uct. Th u-t l ct cultul

ut: tct, vlut vlu

th t cultu, cultul l u lct

ct th tct cultu, ttt.

I lk t Stuk tchlcl t, ut

l t uxct xl t, z

t th ct:

. Bl t: tt

ttt th hu

. At th v: tt

u v tct

3. At, Stuk-tl:

tt tchl

Bl At

Ct, l cllct th ht t h t lt ttt, h cllct, t th t

t th , xt t v Kut

Vut u t .

Th t ct th th ttt h v3

xl t ct th h . Th

tl ct ck, c, ,

3 htt://.ct./t/-t-/


73/114

| 73

t ccl ucc lu, l,

k, tc. Nth v lut.

Th ttt, c t th t ttt,

h tl cu t t

, h th ttt l th

Vut . Tht , th ct tht th

t th t ttt k t th

cultul cc Vut th Ut

Stt. Atll, th th ct tht th t ch th ck, , c t t lu,

l, /l, /k. T

th ttt hch c th chlh c ,

k t th tt lth.

Th cc th ttt tht hl th

th v lut, th ttt tl , ,

lut th tu t xtc. Th ttt

tht th v lut , h, th

lut.

Thuh ttt, th h t h l.

H h t th l, cuu jt,

t hl tht t l th l,


74/114

Thuh t th ch, h t t c


75/114

| 75

th, th t u (tlt ll), t

th t htct (cut t).

Wh tlt ll? Bcu th l ul,

t k th, ll th -t-ul t

ccl. B t th tlt ll t ll t,

th tt t t tl. I th c, th

tt ct c lct th tc ccl,

hch tu lt th t c t th tt tt.

Ath D S hc th k

th l l ch6 h uht $5 (ht).

B l t, tcl, v, h u

h -t-ul kll t ut th ch lct h

l tl. Wht ht hv c l

ch t th , ch t lv h c,

th tt, Wll, u th ch uh tl.

6 htt://.l.c/9//-t-ll-ch-

utu-c.htl

lck, , hh ct, lct Wll tt.

R H k, hc 75, utlzv tl uch uh- utt t ct

v ll-z t c7. Th u u

v tl, h , t u tl lt t

th h l.

It tll, ut th th u t t t,

H u utt uh-. Sh tk cuut ct v k t tht z

7 htt://cul.c/-v/t/767--h--utt--uh-

-t


76/114

Cctulz th Mk

, cu th v t thk th lth (O). Rth th th ch cut,


77/114

| 77

th l t.

Th t tt th t th vt , , th ct ct, ctvt.

O t tl tht ul t ll

c ctv jct t lct

th ctv/-t-ul tt ttll

luc utu jct.

At, Stuk-tl

A , c t th xl tht ll

th ct th ct jct: Stuk! A

t , Stuk h v cc thtc

, th t ct t c

hl, , c, clck. Th xl th

ct clu vth jl t k, ll

ll tht thtc t th th

t tk (G, C).

Th tl u th Stuk tl

t l clc cl

cu th cv t v th th

tt th cu th tul tl

Stuk hk ck t ch , hch

cu u hu-tct lth

ttll l u l tl th

cu t v uct c tht

cuct t u , hch

t () tk (O).

Pctu 78 clt ct th Et

cht 9 M. It lt th h

ct th l ktlc, th th ll

ct (h ):

Ctuct entirely of vintage elements, th

uthtc t cul eco-friendly, t.

A tl 94- Ru jl tch

vt cll th u WWII t ll l

clck/tch . Th tu t t

vt clck lk hl, tll

z t t, tt utu.

All ut vt cu

clt At Nuvu tl. Th t th clck l vt attest to

Bull tv h Stuk xl

( h )


78/114

Cctulz th Mk

true age, utull v t. Th

unique pieceul t ut lc

th l D. Wh HG Wll.

A t th cht, th cu clt

th Stuk vul thtc. It c-l

t u vt .. 94- clck tch t,

lct th utlt vt th

Stuk (Stl). Th ct vl th

tht t th k th clt, ut

(h ),

I l thuh th ht Stuk l t lt t t ht k t

l ctl vlu th

t th t. F xl, th DIY culture

of anti-mass production tul . I

lv holding something in my handstht I

k lt time and thoughtt t.

Th, tll, ut uc tht hcl

tuch tt th hu-cut

tct thk (N). I t

t ct tct tht cu t,

th th u t thlv th

t jct, th t th lvl

tct, .. ht, tuch, ht, tc. A t

Rtt (h ), t thphysical nature

Stuk tht ttct u t t th t lc,

hv t h t. W lv ch tht

c , l, h. W amazed by artifactsut

unimpressed by high technology.

O ht u tht th Stuk tl

t th th cutzt. It

uc ch t t th


79/114

| 79

qut cc u,

h jut h t l t

cut h vul

tht t qut.

Ph th tu.

Hv, cutzt t

cl hv th ,

lvl , th I

l t , cu

t, th I hv

t, t tht t th ct t

th jct t l tht

th jct lt t t

l.

Whl th Stuk t

, h, v cc tl

cutzt, t tll t

u t th ct t ch th

tct th th tchlcl

jct. Th USB v th ,

tc, ll lct tt tct tht th tcl

USB v. I th , th vc

tl tht t t ll. It

hct, t, cu th

ct uch th l

ct. Sc, c u t

h cu t ct,

jc t ct.

O ct u h

tct t tk ct

ut t kll t

ct (R). I ct, I lv

t cu th hct jct

hcll th kll

ct Wll Rckll, Et

cht.8 A h c t, th

v 4 GB lh ,

hl t lk lk th tht

c ut Ct N vt

ckt, I u u th v h t ut. Th ---

k t jct, h

c.

It u th th lv

ch, cl cu t

8 htt://.t.c/lt/97937/

tuk-ckt--u-4-lh

h t,

cu t u h

ch th

l v

cul hv .

Th USB vc

t vlv t uct tht uch Stuk-

t t ul


80/114

Cctulz th Mk

t t ul.

I cl lv hct tct ch thth ht, tv, th ct

ll th l th h th tct, tht

th cu t (R). Th lt t

tt jct, h th ttt c

l-l th hhl l, l

t h th jct tht

lct tt.

Wht th USB v ut t ct? It t

tht th /ct t t u tht h tk

cul c th v. Atll, t l tht

th ct t t u tht h t lc th

v . Th ct tht h ut t t cutz

c, t th thtc tht t ch h

hv t ht ht u l t

ut, ut uch.

Pctu th ll-- Vct l

cut,9 l th Stuk vt

Jk v Sltt ( u). H hu th cut

9 htt://tukkh.c/vct-ll--c

ct t x t lk t, th 4:3 c t t

th Vct t.

Th t tt th hu juk c

hch Sltt t t ut h tl, hch t

tculu. Th t t ctu th cut

lck c th l ll tl. Th


81/114

| 8

ut l ,

ul ll u Stuk

Pctu th t

th 98 Nt G

th t h t

thc t t l Vct


82/114

Cctulz th Mk

ul ll u Stuk

t t lt t

ll. Th kck-kck hlv

u t th lcl u, lct

Sltt tt utlt

u-ccl.

th 98 Nt G

t, Dvt Att

VSk Stuk ctu.

Sh t th c l, ll

htt://vk.vtt.c/t/

Stuk-G-5333

thc t t l Vct

th, l ,

h, lttl t ult

th clckk ch th

Vct .

Acc t th Dvt , th t tll k,

vl th c lcc VSk tk t


83/114

| 83

vl th c lcc VSk tk t

t t. Tht h t --l

t lct h ct, tct,

th tv h u Stuk ctu .

A l t h t ht, h

Dvt Att Ah t N Mvck t

u . It th l t. Th ttt

t tl ctv Ah ttc tt.

H u Dl tl t c th luh t ,

tk th t t t t ch ch th

vlv cl. H vl h htcl kl

u ult lth tl th hl,

t lt cck t th t th u.

Btt ht ull-c CD l DvtAtt Zut. Th tct u th l h

c tt cu t qu th u t ult

t h, hch ut Zut lth th

uc. B th h ck th ht, Zut

h ctv l tu th l.

htt://h.vtt.c/t/D--S-357974

htt://zut.vtt.c/t/Stuk-CD-l-3-7853775

Th t t ct u ctl t


84/114

Cctulz th Mk

th vlu lvl, ctvl. Th th h hch

tt t th t ct th t u. T tchCD tck, Zut ut lt th l th ct

l lv.

Computer Keyboards

Bcu I lk t th l l tt l t, vc v, I ll c

tu tcul ut Stuk t,

k. I k tct l

lk t th Stuk vt/tt h t

lt v l, Jk v Sltt. A lttl t

cku, t.

Mt M. Stuk

Acc t tcl W, v Sltt ( u)

IT l, Bul clut

ll ch ut Bt. V Sltt c

hl Stuk chcl hck h lv

th -t-ul Stuk vt v th : th tht l

k h l c hl ch th l hvt v h ch.

V Sltt , Chltt tv ul ,

k. A k, cc t Chltt, th

ct cu th ll t th th

c; t tch, t cu ck cu.

It ul th v Sltt t k h utul

vt k th t hl h l. It

tl t th tht h ut th l,

cut h c th c lct t lt

t t ut th l tl.

Acc t v Sltt, h t t th ct

k h t t ul uct k tht

c uh qult t u v .

Itct

Acc t th t-u, th k th

At v th k, v Sltt cut th kt tht

uu th k t u l tl,


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| 85

Acc t th t u, th k th

l IBM Ml M Clck k ,

lt, k k, - utt, ht

t cv th utt, lt, tluct ctt, G.E.

Slc II W D Slt, t, cl

lcqu, lck t.

Evlut

It l vu t lk t th kct tht t l v Sltt tk, h

k ht h . Nt l h k ht h

, ut h l t c xl ht h

th c lct h c.

F xl, th h h ch th Ml M

k cu t h vl k c thu-c h lt uc l x k

t. Wht c l th ? Ph

tht t k k tct tht u u c ull

t thut u th uctlt? It hul

t tht v thuh th k c vl th

cv, v Sltt tk c t t l.

th tht th k t lt uh

k k t lu t t. It th lvl tl

tht c xct v Sltt. H u t t

th u th k cltt t th ltc,

l th t th k th lck lt t cv

th ltc th k , I u.

Th th k lt, hch,

hl th vt Stuk, t

tl tht v Sltt h lk , h

W Scc tv. A th th Stuk, v

Sltt t hv tt uch tl

thtc th uch t Stuk.

Ct t th tu Vct thtc, hch t

t u ut ct, v Sltt

t th th k t l

cl. Th ult ctull tk u l c

th th l l.

Th k c xtu tt k t-

ut th uct k. A th tt t hv


86/114


87/114

Phzcl k ht th th

ct, c t th tl. I th

Tht tt . Yu tht u jct. I

lk .


88/114

Cctulz th Mk

cu h k t t t th ct? I

t cu h t hv th tl uc

th ? I t cu h lk t t,

th uqu ? I l t l

ct ll th.

Cultul Al

Thuh th t 7, t th hct th tuctl l uh th

Stuk k ct tht th k h

Phzcl t u xt k tt, th

th k h .

Whl ct x th t h

ct, th cu. Wh ct tl k, tt xt c ut t u? Wh

ut uch t t tht tcul t th jct?

Wh t tl, lttl chcl

l tht u th t

cl uct k ch (c lck, u lck, tc).

Phzcl t th qut l,

jut l ttc c. I tt th ,

Ittt

Oc th lt t ull th l tct t

thut t t uct th t t t th

lz t. I t u

u-k th u , th, I l

t -l h. O

t t, t lt th I tu,qu l I c t th, I t k t,

, I c t th, Ill k t, ut I l

t. Lt ut

Th Rt

O th xt th Rt k, ct

Qut, k P, Fc. Acc t thl tu t O Sll W Gt W,

Qut h tt th Vct qut

t. H t Hu, Tl, At Nuvu,

tc, cll th ch, ctv, c, tc.

A th th Stuk, Qut tu th

th utu tht v , t-utu.It t utl h lk l , hv, tht h

DIY Stuk. It t uh t t t

lct ht h vul, hth


89/114

| 89

cv th t Stuk th v ct

th t. I lk t u Qut t h h h

t Jk v Sltt k; h :

Tht h I cv M. V Sltt

ct cll h tuk

k, llt th t l

t th k lv (I h h

t t ht, c ult t

h lu t h u k). Inspired

h kI decided to tryt, ut cu

thut c h l (t cu I

t hv kh V Sltt

tl, c cu imitation is pointless, u

l hv t, t lt, add your own touch!).

Th v tttu th th DIY cut,

t cu u t hv th tl, tl,

kl, tc.

Th ct tht tt h u t t lct ht

l , t ll v xct lc cu

u t tht . Yu u, th, u

ll th tl. Yu ll lu h u t

uh th t lck th t, tc.

Itct

Th k tht l t Rt tt.

It h th lth, utt,

tu, th tl llht, ht lk lk

l t th th lth.

Evlut

Acc t th tu, th th t t Qut

h ttt uch ct. Qut ut hv

h xc k th lth vul,

cu t k t cult tl t k th

u t t lxlt l ul tu. Th

tl llht t th Vct

thtc thuh Tl, Hu, tc.

Th th k h th ,

cll t th th htcl tt. Tu,

Q h k R

h th u ct tt th ct

t lk v . R clu:


90/114

Cctulz th Mk

Qut t, th k Rt .

Hv, th l th Rt c, t tt, ll th c hch uc

th Rt u tt. I uct th tl

th k ct t th htcl

ctxt th k tl.

Cultul AlTh ct xl h Stuk

th. H hv Qut, l h

v Sltt k,

l v Sltt xlt h h h

ct, tht Qut thuht, H, h t, I c

t. Yt, Qut t hv th tl tl

v Sltt th ct, hch t t h,I uct, cu h ct h lt t t

v Sltt tl tuct.

Th ultl ct th O Sll W

Gt W l t c th k

ct. Mt cu, thuh th

It: Gt j! lk utc th VSltt. M lt l u l th

th l l!

Dtc: It t , cll t

jct.

Zukut: It lk t, t lt t thtult I ut th t th ct ut

th th th t k.

Au: Excllt k, cll t

jct, th t Au th k

th Rt tt h t c th

k, c t t .

Dv: H j, I thk t t tht u

c u th u . I t tlt,

ut I c c , I k ct V

Sltt l. It tk qut t t!!

Ittt

It th cut ct th DIY

S k l h h


91/114

| 9

Stuk tl t th ct uch tct,

cll l ct lk k. Nt l vul th, ut th ct

ll cl th ct th.

F xl, Qut ct lk lk l-

u l th th th tcl l

l uull th Stuk k

ct. D th th tl?

Th xlct xlt v Sltt ct

l Qut t h ct.

Wht c l th ? Ph

v th tl h u , t ll ll u

vc k t tt, t, / lt th

t th tcul tl.

Wh th vc k xl ht th

h th t th l, tt

k ll l l t th

l, ut t th lvl. At lt, t th I hv,

ht I th cul

lth t Stuk k k.

Th W Eu

H hv th Stuk ct

k, th Mcu G. I ct

t uch t ut th . I k

h Jk v Sltt Stuk Wkh

t cu tht h I u th ct, tht h h ct ut t

th ct tt-tl k th k.

I tk th t Mcu l-lv,

t u-k, tht h ut ct. A

h Stuk Wkh, th l

tt th l, t vll

B Eu.

Itct

Th ct u c t

h h k h k

7. Plc ll th t


92/114

Cctulz th Mk

th th tk ut th k , ,

lct ht t tct th k tut,

c, 8--l ctu , th

l l th ttu lht, hlc t

cv th c, c.

Evlut

Th th k tht Iv hMcu ll cu th l th. It t

uh t cvt th k t tt tl, v

th ttu lht h t cvt t l u t

ct /. Th k tt th

k ct. F xl, th th ct

th k k ll:

. Rv th k

. Cut th k kt th

c V Sltt

3. Rv t

4. Pt k ll

5. Pt ll t c ck

6. Cv ll th lct ht

8. It t k k l

9. Rlc k l t k

A th th c v k th k!

Tht ct, I cc. F th

ctu Iv , k lk lttl tl

th th, hch k hth Mcu t

t th c. T uch tt c qut t

, Iv u tv l.

It tt t Mcu t t th l

th k ct. Rth th u

l k t lk l, h u l

utu t tt th tth t c

th k .

I uu h th tcul c u, t

, t t cl th th l u

. I ul hv th vlvt,

h, th tl tht ul cll

clt th k t th . I thk

t th hu th tht t , ut th, I v

ck ut cl.

Cultul Al

I ll u th Jk v Sltt Stuk

W k h Sl h h

tht thut th tt Stuk ult xt,

cu l vlv th Stuk hv l


93/114

| 93

Wkh, t v Sltt th -t uch

ct, t lt h ct. I

uct th cu v Sltt h h c

v lc t th c,

cll h c t Dtc, th ll-

k tchl .

Th t t tht Dtc t

lc t ll, ut th l t tht v Sltt

cu cu t t l, h

Dtc h l ctl ct l t

t t ttc HTML .

Atll, v Sltt t v DIY k

kt, Dtc .

Tht , Mcu h t h c t G

u OR Cult, v t

qut ut h c. H t ctu

h t l th cul ll h

t h th ul .

Th xtc th tt t cut huctut ct t Stuk xtc . Th t t

cu l vlv th Stuk hv l

tt th tc th hv ul t

t c th v tt.

Ittt

Wht th h th ct? Wll,

t h t thut k t Mcu I lk t

c th tv th Wlt hchlt, I thk. Wlt t tht uch h

tct th th ut l, l, , tc,

thuh tchl (u cut). A uch, hult

th thcl tc u tchl hcll

lk t tc?

Wlt tht t t th lu ltc tl h ul t l t th

l ut t, tht th cct t l,

, cultu.

Wth th , I t tht tcul

th ct. Pl t th

cut tchl t hcll t thtl chlcl tc. Nt l tht,

ut th t th tchl t tt t th

tt, h th tct th th tchl, tc.

Ctt , ht? W t c

ctt? S lt c ct l. It

ht t th ht ct t ht t W


94/114

Cctulz th Mk

I t ct tht l k thct. Wh k, I ? Ph cu

t t k c t

t lt k. Th c t ull t

cutz.

Th t uct k th u

Gll u t t ull t xt th, thut u th k

cutl u th u ch. A t

tv ujct, l lkl t

xt th tl tht t ct l.

S ht c , , l th? A, I lk

th l. D ththt c tk t h thut t

th uctlt .

I ttt t u u-k t k

ll tl t, k

tht u u-k c u, tt, lt, t,

xl, h t th ct, ll.

ht t th ht ct, t ht t. W

t k utl t.

Su F

Th x I hv ull th tct

l tht t cctulz th k:

. Alt

. Extt

3. L

4. Mct

5. Sut

6. Tc

Can we design for affordability?I t affordability t th l tct

tct th c t t th thut

utht k th tct.


95/114

| 95

I t affordability, t th l tct

t ct lt , l l t u th ctv uc. Exl th clu th tlt

ll, uh , utt, ch th v

t ct, ll th 98 cut

k th Stuk t ct.

Alt tt cu t u th t

lt tl vtt t k th tct -.

Th u vtt t th tct ccu th th

t t u th tct ctv

uc h k t t th l, th

l t th u.

Can we design for experimentation?Experimentation tt cu t ckl th

tc ucc lu. Stuk

t l t u th tl-- thl.

Tl-- u cu t u, chll,

tt th l th vll t cclh th

tl. I t t u u t ck, t v th t u

Can we design for learning?Extt ct h thut th -uct

l. Thuh lu l u tk

v th xt t u. Tht , t

l u t ct tct tht cltt

th lth?

Can we design for modification?Th t t tht uht t k ct

, tht tk th tht t

uxct ct uch Stuk. Hv,

tct lk Al uct t cu

ct t th v lt.

I lk t c th Mk Mt Mk

Mz, h t th th l l, I u

ct t, u t t. 3 Th th t

tht v t k ct easy ct k

t possible.

3 htt://kz.c/4/u/

Can we design for suggestion?A t Wlt, t h ll tct

th th t ll ut tht t t t

Th t tc h t c t

tchlcl tct, hth h t.

I hult hv t clck thuh u I t t


96/114

Cctulz th Mk

th th t ll ut tht t t t

th l . I t k h uch c h t t cu uch thuht, t ll

th k vlv th th tct.

B u l, c h th u

tchlcl , hv, t lt v

th u u t.

Can we design for transparency?St ll I hv t lk t tct I

ut h t k. Th t h l

qutl th I uu l th tchlcl

tct, t tu .

Wh I lk t t, I th uh tk

ut h t c tth. I t l t

lct th c t th xct tct, ut I c

ut uh t cv t. Wh I cc

cultu, I c th cult h th

th cl th tl; I t hv th tl tl

t t l, ut I t th t t.

lz/cutz th tu c cut, tc. Th W 7 t t

ll lz th t k th c u

l ccl: ht clck th kt I c

cutz t ht ctt. N ttl, I ul

tll t k t ht clck t t t th c.

Th l v th clck th: Stt Ctl Pl Plzt ... Hv I lt u t?


97/114

Cctulz th Mk

Thz th Mk4

I ul cultu, t t

tt. Th ut tht ulv

th ctv u, th keepers thk,

D ctv l, t


98/114

Cctulz th Mk

Mtt S, Ch C, Bu Wlk ht. But k th t tu u

h cz cu th vlu

k t.

W u th th, tl, hlh

vll t u t vt uk c.

I vt th c, utlz ct ct tct.

W tul, u t t clt u

h t t. St hv clt

h k xctl ht th t t ll t t

t ht. St hv u h hv ht

th t, th xct u t u t ut. T hvct , ct u.

A ll v hv ct u cu th

ct l, ll v hv ct . Dt

h u th u, hv ct c

ll th, cll u l t u

u t cz th k/l- th ht. S ht ?

c t v , ttuhl tt.

Gross 200

I lk t u tht k t tk ownership

u . Mk, lk , cz tht

- uh th , ut t

Sut th Mk

Wth ll th I u u ,


99/114

| 99

uh th vul.

A h th tct tu, k tchlcl

tct ctv uc (Wkk). B utlz

th xt kl t tt, lt, t,

xl, k l t t tct.

H ut th k xt kl?It ht hl v th tl u u

tct, , G , kl

tl utl t k. W t ct

tct tht cu th uck th t

uct (Cll).

H cu k t tk tht t ct t lt th tct? Th t l th c

tt th tct, tll thuh l

(Jlt Stlt). W t ct tct

tl tht v th th tt

th (Buchl) . W t ct c l

(Gll).

th , ut h I xct t uch th? Icz tht I ut cl t c

th u t l cu u

t t c th -t-th-,

t . B , I utll chll

cct ht t

t (Al).

Nv , u t t chll th

u thk t , t cvc u

tht, tu u ttt t tct .

Ptct tlk tht u?u

th 98 thcl tv u tct,

cu l hv l ht t luc th t, u hv ht t luc tchlcl

c ct th vt l l

(Bvll-K). T th, u uht t

tct th c, v luc

tht th cu tct t tth

th t th u (Bvll-K).

B tth th l th u, hv

W t lz tht l tllt, ctv,


100/114

Cctulz th Mk

qut ht th l c. Th ct th tt

tht tll th l, tht th u t th c hl .

Lt c t, u t ct h

l l l v u t th kl

xc (Bvll-K).

Th, u lt th xtt

t hch th cl ut ch thxc (Bvll-K). I u tht t

t ut ch th xc uch

t cz tht ct v

tut. Rth, v t th u,

cu th t ctu u tht t k

th tcul . Wht I k -

t- (Eh).

uctv ctut t cut, zt, ct th qu th th ht tl.

Berga-Kreborn 200

Disssion and Conribion Th hult ht ut xct t cuu t k th qut lt Eh:


101/114

|

Bcu tct lck -th l

cut k ctc, hv t

thhc thl t cv th ult l

t (Dv). Th ul k tht hul

ctu t , I l.

Hv, hul t l thuh v l u

l t vth h v t ll u

thhc ch tct .

D k vt hv luc

th t t tct (B).

H u lt? Wh t th? Wh, h th

ht ? H jct

c l hu -

hu uc t v th jct

, t ut th c,

tlt c th jct?

Th ctut th k t cu

t tk ull vt th ctvt u u

cu th t k. T , t lt

u thk. D-t- ccu hth

cz t t. I cz t xtc, I

l t l lt .

Oc ll tct l t ct, hv luc

h th k ll cll t.Bredies 200

Refeions


102/114

Cctulz th Mk

I t v u h t t l

lct th jct. I thk I ul

th u, t c tu

t tchl hch h l t

th cl tht u t u, ut , ct,

k h hul ct. Fu h

th k ut.

Th jct t th l t

ch, th Iv l h tt , ut

v l uc.

Th jct ccu u v cult t

l h I tul th hlth l u, t u. Bcu th jct, I l t

xl th Stuk c thuh cc cl,

ll th.

Th jct hl l, t hv lt

l I t v k I lt th t lc.

I k clu. I Stuk,

tct . I ch, tut. I

ctt, tt. I jck ll t

t th jct t xlct t tht

th l ctv uc.

F tht, I tul.

Anowedgmens


103/114

| 3

DR SHAOWEN BARDZELL I thuht I t cz

t ll th ut Stuk, ut u u

tht th tc vl h lc Hu

Cut Itct D. Yu hv ut

uh , chll thk, hl

lc th l.

Thk u v thuh th thck

c. Thk u k t.

LYNN DOMBROWSKI Yu tuht I tl

l, tht tt cl. Lt c t, I ult hv

tt thuh ut chl thut u. Yuv

uh cl . Yu kt luh.

Yuv t , t ctc, t

t. Thk u. P.S. Tht ht h .

T tuct cult

It t tt hth I cu th jct th

u xlctl, l l u hv

cu ut cl thk

I ct tcult.

D J Bzll, D El Blv, Chtl B, A

Cll, D Mt Sl, D Ek Stlt,

St Uh.


104/114

Cctulz th Mk

T cltThk u tct th ,

t ll hu th ht. Wthut u hl

ll t lt t l u, I

ult hv t th . It cu u tht I

u lk I hv th th . Thk u

u .

C A, Th Bk, Rt Bl, Rchl Blt,

Ch C, Jc Flkthl, Ch F, A

Hl, Nthl Hut, Gth K,

Rt Kuk, Bk Kchvz, Ll Kll, V

Pl, D Pt, B Stt, Mtt S,

J Tl, Dv W.

T th StukThk u tk th t t k th ll

t u u xc tct t

th v t ut l.

J Cll, Kl K, Lz Lut, J

Mcc, L R, Buc Ru, S

Sltt, A Ul.

A thk u t th u Stuk h

, , ctvt th jct

th t lc.

I t k t h I th jct, ut t tu

ut, I u. Thk u hl tht.


105/114

| 5


106/114

Cctulz th Mk

Biograpy

B Akh th At-Elh-Ht tut hh

chl. Sh t t Cut Scc E

h B h l S Th Oh S


107/114

| 7

h Bchl Scc t Th Oh SttUvt, ht h t v ut.

Akh l uu Elh , cv t,

lkl, Ac Lttu, u cuct,

tchcl t.

Ath ht ccu h Akh t t

Hu Cut Itct D h Mt Scc t I Uvt. Sh uh th u

h cuculu tk Fct Wt Avc

Cc h lctv.

Th cu l h l t

Itct D, tht k thk.

Akh Mk. Sh lv l c, t,

ck ul, k. S v k.

Yu c ch h t htt://.c.

Referenes

. Ah, P. 7. At

t l t k th

7. Bvll-K, B. Sthlt, A. 8.

Ptct t ck t t

? PDC 8. Blt, IN, -.

8 B lk B 7 St k t h l


108/114

Cctulz th Mk

t: lzt k thv l lt. DPPI 7.

ACM, N Yk, NY, 48-57.

. Al,L., F, O., L, M.

8. T c- ch

vt. PDC 8. Blt, IN, -5.

3. Au. 7. Itv th I-WHu. I Stuk Mz: Ltl, M

Scc, Th & Fct (7), -3.

4. Btt, K., C, A., Mttlk, T.,

Rzz, F. 8. D c-.

PDC 8. ACM, Blt, IN, 99-3.

5. Btt, K. Mttlk, T. .

Mul uct lth. DE

3. Luhuh, UK, 337-344.

6. Bll, G., Blth, M., S, P. 5.

Mk k t: lzt

th tc tchl. I

ACM Tct Cut-Hu

Itct (Ju 5), 49-73.

8. Blk, B. 7. Stuk tchl: ucultu h-tl t t

th Vct tl. I Nk W

Excluv, Oct 3, 7. htt://

.k.c//6735

9. B, K. 8. Cu th u! A u-

ct tct ctv.PDC 8. ACM, Blt, IN, -3.

. Buchl, L., R, D. K., Pul, E.,

Wll, A. 9. DIY CHI:

th, cut, vlu

u cutzt. CHI EA 9.

ACM, N Yk, NY, 483-486.

. Bull, L. 9. Th Chll, tv.

I Stuk Mz: Ltl, M

Scc, Th & Fct 5 (9), 6-9.

. Cll, P. 3. Th cl th l. I

Aul Rv Scl 9, 5-33.

3. Cll, J., H, S., Vt, F., Pck, J.,

Muh, J. . Itt,

tt cc: tchl

t u l I

8. D, C. 8. H I l t

t lv th hck. I

Itct 5, (M. 8), 46-49.

9 Dx A 7 D t


109/114

| 9

t u l. IACIS Pc. P 6.

4. Ctth Ocht At Cllctv.

7. Wht th, tuk? Clz

th t c th utu. I

Stuk Mz: Ltl, M

Scc, Th & Fct (7), 4-5.

5. Cul, K. 997. Itt ctuct:

u, ct. I Aul

Rv Scl 3, 385-49.

6. C, A. Yu, F. 8. I t t t

: th chll vlv l-

l clt tuctl xc.

PDC 8. ACM, Blt, IN, 4-6.

7. Dv, R., Mcl l, S., McG, J.,

Puv, B. 4. Th thhcll

tct PDA

lct t ut cuct.

ASSETS 4. ACM, Atlt, GA, 53-6.

9. Dx, A. 7. D t.BCS-HCI 7. St, UK, 7-3.

. Duc, M. 4. Autthh: Ctcl

ct t. I Ittl

Jul Qulttv Mth 3 4 (4), -4.

. Eh, P. 8. Ptct th.

PDC 8. Blt, I, 9-.. Ek, M. 8. D tl

c-.

PDC 8. Blt, IN, -4.

3. Fll, D. 3. D-t hu

cut tct. CHI 3. ACM,

N Yk, N Yk, 5-3.4. Fl, E. 974. Atct tu:

l. I Wtthu Ptl 9 (974), 53-73.

5. Gll, A., Buck-Ch, J.,

G, L., G, E., Hll, D.

4. D hcklt. DIS 4.

ACM, N Yk, NY, 363-366.

6. G, C. 7. A Ht Ml

Tchl: Th ht vlt

th tuk . I Stuk

Mz: Ltl M Scc

33. Kllj, M. ?. A Jul Ml

Tchl. I Stuk Mz: Ltl,

M Scc, Th & Fct (7), .

34 Kt M K M Pl L 6


110/114

Cctulz th Mk

Mz: Ltl, M Scc,Th & Fct (7), 54-6.

7. G, C. 7. Vt tuk xc .

I Stuk Mz: Ltl, M

Scc, Th & Fct (7), 6-63.

8. G, M. D. D, E. Y. 7. D,

t, ct, cc: k ctvt. SD7, vl. 364. ACM, N Yk, NY, 9-.

9. H, R. . Mtl Ojct

Scl Wl. I Th, Cultu

Sct 9, 5/6 (), 3-33.

3. H, D. 979. Sucultu: th

tl. Rutl, N Yk, NY.

3. Hll, K. 9. Clckk C: Th

Fttcl Ec th Stuk Athtc.

M Outlk, Jul 9. htt://utlk.

c/h/tcl/9_7_tuk.htl

3. Jlt, L. Stlt, E. 997. Th chct

th. I D Stu 8, (997), 97-34.

34. Kt, M., K, M., Pl, L. 6.CHI 6. Mtl, C, 6-7.

35. Lc, E. 9. Ct Cc D

Mul Itct Etl

Dult: A C Stu. Ittl

Jul D 3, (9), 87-9.

36. L Fl, R. 8. Stuk vt t l. I Th N Yk

T, M 8, 8. htt://.t.

c/8/5/8/h/8PUNK.htl

37. L, M. 4. Etl: ht th l? A

l clt. I Sl Itt 3, -3.

38. Ltt, D. Mck, W. 9. Gtvlkthuh: t ut ctv .

C&C 9, Bkl, CA, 75-84.

39. Mck, H. Gll, G. 99. Ext

th cl h tchl ch:

l t. I Scl

Stu Scc (4), 685-76.


111/114

53. Ru, L. Sc, S. 7. Th

lct l. I Sl Itt 6, 97-.

54. Slv, A. 9. Stu t

v tchl: ctv ch. CHI

6. Stl, B. 9. Th U Gu t Stuk.

I Stuk Mz: Ltl, M

Scc, Th & Fct 5 (9), 3-33.

6. Tl, B. 5. Ptct :


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v tchl: ctv ch. CHIEA 9. ACM, N Yk, NY, 34-344.

55. Schtz, L. 996. Cut t

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ct. I L 9 (), 43-49.

56. S, P., Bh, K., Mt, M.,

G, G. 8. Th chtt ct. Pl Uqutu Cut.

, 5 (Ju. 8), 347-358.

57. Sh, D. 5. Ptct : th ll t

ucc. AARHUS 5, hu, Dk, 9-38.

58. Slv, J. 9. Ak t k thl:

th th cuu ctll.IDC 9. ACM, N Yk, NY, 4-45.

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Qulttv Iqu 7 6 (), 76-73.

6. Stl, S. 8. St D. Th Phx,

M 9, 8. htt://thhx.c/

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6. Tl, B. 5. Ptct : ult-vc t. AARHUS 5,

hu, Dk, 77-8.

63. T, C., Chuchll, E. F., McDl,

D. W. 9. L h: th ch

ct kl th tt. CHI 9.

ACM, N Yk, NY, 37-38.64. V Hu, N. 9. Cllct ht

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Cut Stu 67 (9), 73-86.

65. Vk, P. Kcklk, P. 998. Th th

tht tt. I D Iu 4 3 (998), 8-4.

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7. Al, Autl, 6-66.

All photos taken by Binaebi Akah unless noted otherwise.


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conceptualizing the maker

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