concept of motivation in psychology
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Concept of Motivation SATYA PRAKASH
JOSHI
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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What is Motivation? Motivation is a psychological and human aspect. It is the act of inspiring
employees, peoples to devote maximum effort to achieve organizational
objectives and goals.
Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-
oriented behaviors.
It involves the biological, emotional, social and cognitive forces that activate
behavior.ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031
SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Type of Motives1. Primary or Psychological
2. Secondary, Social or Psychological
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Primary or Psychological Psychological arousal can provide the energy that activates social motives as
well as biological ones biological motives are largely rooted in the physiological
state of the body.
IT is primary it is essential for individual to survive.
The primary motive contains thirst, hunger, sleep, maternal need.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Secondary, Social or Psychological They are acquired learned these motives result from mans’ interaction with his social environment some of social motives includes needs for prays, recognition, status, sympathy, power we can categorize secondary motives.
1. Achievement Motivation
2. Affiliation Motivation
3. Aggression Motivation
4. Work Motivation
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Achievement MotivationSome people are always continuously goals driven in their lives. This is their
achievement motivation. In the organization setting achievement oriented
employee always work hard when they think that they will receive personal
credits for their efforts.
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Affiliation MotivationIt is a social need. Human being are social by nature and always want company
share their basic emotional and help each other. Employees with affiliation needs
are more happy with like- minded people, feel more happy with reward.
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Aggression Motivation It is related to those behaviors that are intended to inflict physical or
psychological harm on others. Those believing is instinctive theory line Freud,
Lorence held that an aggression motive is linked with expresses itself destructive
and violent activates.
Aggression is caused by the frustration, and some time it is related to social
learning.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Work Motivation When an individual is motivate by interpersonal or money or maternal gain his
behaviors become goal directed.
There are specific physiological and psychological deficiency to the person is
driven to satisfy.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Types of motivation theoriesContent theories
Human needs and how people with different needs may respond to different work situations.
Process theoriesHow people give meaning to rewards and make decisions on various work-related behaviors.
Reinforcement theoryHow people’s behavior is influenced by environmental consequences.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Type of Motivation
Type of Motivation
On the basis of Source
Extrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Rewards
On the basis of approach
Positive Motivation
Negative Motivation
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Extrinsic Motivation Extrinsic motivation refers to behavior that is driven by external rewards
such as money, fame, grades, and praise.
This type of motivation arises from outside the individual, as opposed to
intrinsic motivation, which originates inside of the individual.
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Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsic motivation refers to behavior that is driven by internal rewards.
In other words, the motivation to engage in a behavior arises from within the individual because it is intrinsically rewarding.
This contrasts with extrinsic motivation, which involves engaging in a behavior in order to earn external rewards or avoid punishments.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Positive Motivation Positive motivation initiates to offer rewards to persuade employees or workers by providing both monetary and non- monetary benefits.
The positive reward can be measured in terms of money, monetary incentives increment in salary, cash rewards, bonus payment, share profit and pension and etc.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Negative Motivation Negatives motivation initiates to hold out some punishment to employees to induce desired behavior.
The negative motivation is measured in terms of monetary punishments, penalties, reduction of remuneration, bonus allowances, and reduction other financial incentives.
For Efficiency we have to give positive motivation but, according to situation, negative motivation also plays important role, so it can't be avoided.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Perspective of Motivation Instinct Theory. Drive‐Reduction Theory. Arousal Theory. Hierarchy of Motives.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Instinct Theory According to instinct theories, people are motivated to behave in certain ways because they are evolutionarily programmed to do so.
An example of this in the animal world is seasonal migration.
These animals do not learn to do this, it is instead an inborn pattern of behavior.
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Drive‐Reduction Theory. People are motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the internal tension that is caused by unmet needs.
For example, you might be motivated to drink a glass of water in order to reduce the internal state of thirst.
This theory is useful in explaining behaviors that have a strong biological component, such as hunger or thirst.
For example, people often eat even when they are not really hungry.
ST.XAVIER'S COLLEGE 012BIM031 SATYA PRAKASH JOSHI CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
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Arousal Theory It suggest to people take certain actions to either decrease or increase levels of arousal.
When arousal levels get too low, for example, a person might watch and exciting movie or go for a jog.
When arousal levels get too high, on the other hand, a person would probably look for ways to relax such as meditating or reading a book.
According to this theory, we are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal, although this level can vary based on the individual or the situation.
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Hierarchal Need TheoryAbraham Maslow (1970) suggested some needs have priority over others. Physiological needs like breathing, thirst and hunger come before psychological needs like achievement, self‐esteem and need for recognition.
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Thank You…