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Why Computer graphics

– Graphics is cool• I like to see what I’m doing• I like to show people what I’m doing

– Graphics is interesting• Involves simulation, algorithms, architecture…

– Almost no area in which graphical displays cannot be used

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Why should we study Graphics?

• Many of the leading scientists through the ages have been ‘visual thinkers’…

– Leonardo da Vinci

– Einstein– Clerk Maxwell

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Graphics Applications

– Computer Aided Design (CAD)

– Presentation Graphics

– Computer Art

– Entertainment

– Education and Training

– Visualization

– Image Processing

– Graphical User Interfaces (GUI)

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– Computer Aided Design (CAD)

– Design buildings, automobiles, aircraft, watercraft, spacecraft, computers, textiles, and many other products

– Wireframe & Surface Rendering

– Simulation of Vehicle Performance

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Wireframe & Surface Rendered Display

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Presentation Graphics

– Illustrations for reports

– Summarize financial, statistical, and economic data for research reports, managerial reports, consumer information bulletins, and other types of reports.

– Presentation Slides • Bar charts, Line graphs, Pie charts,

etc.,

– Project Management (Schedule & Progress)

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Computer Art

– Fine Art & Commercial Art

– Designing object Shapes and specifying object motions

– Paintbrush programs (Lumena, PixelPaint, SuperPaint)

– Mathematics Packages (Mathematica)

– Animation Packages (Anim8or, Swish,..)

– Graphics Tablet (Digitizer) & Stylus – Moving Objects (24 frames per second)

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Fractals

– A fractal is "a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts, each of which is (at least approximately) a reduced/size copy of the whole".

– The term was coined by Benoît Mandelbrot in 1975 and was derived from the Latin fractus meaning broken or fractured.

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Fractals

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Even 2000 times magnification of the Mandelbrot set uncovers fine detail resembling the full set.

A fractal that models the surface of a mountain

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Entertainment

– Motion pictures, music videos, and television shows.

– Sometimes the graphics scenes are displayed by themselves, and sometimes graphic objects are combined with the actors and live scenes.

– Morphing

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Motion Pictures

Series of still photographs on film, projected in rapid succession onto a screen

World's first motion picture film by Louis Le Prince, 1888

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Morphing

Morphing is a special effect in motion pictures and animations that changes (or morphs) one image into another through a seamless transition

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Education and Training

– Computer generated models of physical, financial, and economic systems are often used as educational aids.

– It helps the trainees to understand the operation of the system.

– Simulators for practice sessions or training of ship captains, aircraft pilots, heavy equipment operators, and air traffic-control personnel.

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SimulationA simulation is an imitation of some real thing,

state of affairs, or process.

Wooden mechanical horse simulator during WWI.

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Flight SimulatorThis 20' dome in the Netherlands has an actual cockpit inside. The simulated scenes are projected onto the dome, and the hydraulics move the unit.

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Visualization

– Scientists, engineers, medical personnel, business analysis, and others often need to analyze large amounts of information or to study the behavior of certain processes. –

tedious & Ineffective– To overcome this, a technique which trends and patterns

apparently is used called visualization.

– Numerical modeling of thunderstorms, Protein modeling, Molecular structure, an air pollution study, etc.,

– Scientific Visualization

(stored as graphics packages

for scientific studies)

– Business Visualization (stored as data sets for commerce

applications)

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Medical Visualization

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Scientific Visualization

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Image Processing– Image Processing – Applies

techniques to modify or interpret existing pictures

– Computer Graphics – to create a picture

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Graphical User Interfaces

– Windows, Menus, Icons and other graphical symbols

– Command User Interface & Graphical User Interface