computer concepts module 4...computer concepts module 4 file management and digital electronics 2...

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Computer Concepts Module 4

File Management and Digital Electronics

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• Explain how file management programs help you manage your computer files

• Explain how to create and use folders to store files

• Identify the key elements of a computer file

• Describe the file management steps for working with files

• Describe how digital data representation produces numbers, text, images, video, and sound

• Define integrated circuits and explain the role they play inside a computer

Learning Objectives (Slide 1 of 2)

© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

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• Explain how CPU factors affect computer performance

• Define RAM and explain its importance to computers

• Explain how a computer uses virtual memory and ROM

Learning Objectives (Slide 2 of 2)


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• File management

• How files are created, opened, saved, deleted, and renamed

• Folders help organize your computer files

File Management Tools (Slide 1 of 5)


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• File path or file specification

• Location of a file on a storage device



Drive Name

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Windows default folders

File Management Tools(Slide 3 of 5)


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• File Explorer

• Quick Access folder

- List of frequently used folders



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• Root directory

• Main directory of the storage device

• Name of storage device

• Assigned by operating system



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• Nested folders or subfolders

• Created to add further organization to file system

Computer Folder Basics (Slide 1 of 4)


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• To create a new folder

• Use File Explorer

• To work with folders

• Select the folder(s), then copy, move, rename, or delete

• Folder Properties dialog box

• Provides general information about files and folders stored in that folder

• Folder Options dialog box

• Used to view or change a folder’s options

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• Folder properties

• Size, date, number of files, security information



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File Explorer Options dialog box



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• Filename

• Set of letters, symbols, or numbers that identifies a file

• Every file must have a filename

• File naming conventions

• Specific rules that must be followed

• File extension or filename extension

• Set of letters and/or numbers added to the end of filename following a period

• Assigned automatically by software program

Computer File Basics (Slide 1 of 4)


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Common file extensions



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• Save and Save As commands

• Save command saves a file using its current name and location

• Save As command can select a name and storage device for a file



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• File properties

• General information, such as size and date



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File management tasks

How to Manage Computer Files (Slide 1 of 3)


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• File tag

• Short word or phrase describing a filethat is useful when searching for a file



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• Use descriptive names

• Maintain file extensions

• Group similar files and consider using the default folders

• Do not mix data files and program files

• Do not store programs or data files in the root directory (C:\) of hard drive

• Organize folders from the top down

• Access files from the hard drive

• Follow copyright rules

• Delete or archive files no longer needed



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• Binary number system

• Used by computers to represent electrical on and off signals by using 0s and 1s

• Digital data

• Text, numbers, graphics, sound, and video converted into the digits 0 and 1

• Bit or binary digit

• 0 or 1 code for an electronic signal

• Byte

• Series of 8 bits

How Computers Represent Data (Slide 1 of 4)


21© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

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• Numeric data

• Numbers

• Character data

• Letters, symbols



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• Pixels or picture elements

• Series of colored dots making up digitized images



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• Digital sound

• Analog sound wave sampledat various points and

converted to digital numbers



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• Integrated circuit (IC)

• Incredibly thin slice of semiconducting material or semiconductor

• Also called computer chip, microchip, and chip

• In all electronic devices

- Tablets, cameras, smartphones, GPS devices

- Embedded in household devices and cars

Integrated Circuits—An Overview (Slide 1 of 3)


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• Chip packages vary in shape and size

• DIP (dual inline package)

• DIMM (dual inline memory module)

• LGA (land-grid array)



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• Motherboard or main circuit board

• Integrated circuits (chips) are connected to the motherboard

• Central processing unit (CPU)

• Main processor in PC

• Intel and AMD produce most popular PC processors



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• CPU or central processing unit

• Main processor on PCs

• Multi-core processor

• Single chip containing circuitry for multiple processors

Processors—An Overview (Slide 1 of 5)


Processor specs in an ad

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• Processor clock

• timing device setting the pace (the clock speed) for executing instructions

• Clock speed

• measured in megahertz (MHz)/millions of cycles per second

• Cycle

• smallest unit of time recognized by a processor



Clock speed specs in an ad

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• Bus

• Electronic pathway carrying signals between electronic computer components

• Speed is measured in megahertz (MHz)



Bus specs in an ad

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• Word size

• Number of bits that a processor can manipulate at one time

• Cache or RAM cache or cache memory

• High-speed memory accessed by the processor more rapidly than memory elsewhere on the motherboard

- Level 1 (L1) cache built into processor chip

- Level 2 (L2) cache located on separate chip



Cache specs in an ad

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• Inside a Processor

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

• Control unit



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• RAM or random access memory

• Temporarily holds basic instructions

Computer Memory: RAM (Slide 1 of 3)


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• Capacitors

• Hold the bits that represent data

- A charged capacitor is turned on and represents a 1 bit

- A discharged capacitor is turned off and represents a 0 bit



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• RAM speed

• Measured in nanoseconds (ns)/billionths of a second or MHz (millions of cycles per second)



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• Virtual memory

• Area of the hard drive used when RAM is reaching its capacity

• Data moved from RAM is in a swap file

Other Types of Computer Memory (Slide 1 of 2)


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• ROM (read-only memory)

• Holds startup routine

• ROM BIOS or basic input/output system

• Small set of instructions stored in ROMso that the operating system can read theconfiguration settings

Other Types of Computer Memory (Slide 2 of 2)


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• Radiation risks

• Repetitive stress injuries

• Follow ergonomic guidelines to avoid

• Ergonomics

- study of safe and efficient environments, particularly working environments

• Eye strain

• Back pain

• Sedentary lifestyle

Talking Points: Is Your Computer Making You Sick? (Slide 1 of 2)


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Talking Points: Is Your Computer Making You Sick? (Slide 2 of 2)


Correctpostureforusing acomputer

computer concepts module 4...computer concepts module 4 file management and digital electronics 2...

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