computer architecture programming languages and operating...
TRANSCRIPT
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Computer Architecture Programming Languages and Operating System
Tassadaq HussainRiphah International University
Islamabad PakistanMicrosoft Barcelona Supercomputing Center
Universitat Politécnica de CatalunyaBarcelona, Spain
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Short Intro
PhD BarcelonaTech Barcelona 2014
Masters ISEP Paris 2009
B.Sc. (Electrical Engineering), RIU Islamabad 2005
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A Generic System
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Basic Requirements
Hardware Architecture Software Application Resource Management
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5
Hardware Architecture Processors Buses Memories
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6
Functional units of a computer
I/O Processor
Output
MemoryInput
Control
Arithmetic & Logic
Instr1Instr2Instr3Data1Data2
Input unit accepts information:•Human operators,•Electromechanical devices•Other computers
Output unit sends results of processing:•To a monitor display,•To a printer
Arithmetic and logic unit(ALU):•Performs the desired operations on the inputinformation as determined by instructions in the memory
Control unit coordinates various actions•Input,•Output•Processing
Stores information:•Instructions,•Data
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Data Memvoid main ()
{}
Processor
Main Memory
Prog Mem
Local Bus
External Bus
DedicatedHardware GPIOs
Analog World
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8
Basic introduction of Microprocessor
Function Inputs A Input B Output
0 A B A+B
1 A B A-B
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9
Processor: Performance Improvement
Instruction Level ParallelismTask Level ParallelismData Level Parallelism
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10
Speed and Performance
Fetch Decode
Execute Fetch
Decode E
xecute
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11
Processor Architectures
Single Instruction Single Data (SISD) Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) Multiple Instruction Single Data (MISD) Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD)
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12
Performance Improvement
Bit Level Parallelism Parallelism at Multi Function Level Thread Level Parallelism
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13
Uni-core, Multi-core CPUs, Clusters, and Grid Computing
Interconnection Network
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14
Grid Computing
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15
Memories
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System on Chip Computer Architecture
A system on a chip or system on chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip. It may contain digital, analog, mixed-signal, and often radio-frequency
functions—all on a single chip substrate.
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The hardware system architecture of an embedded SoC (simplified)
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Basic System on Chip Architecture
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General architecture of today's embedded core-based system-on-a-chip
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Programming Languages
Provides a set of grammatical rules (function calls) for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming_languages
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Operating System
An operating system (OS) manages computer hardware and software resources. It includes:
1) Task manager2) Memory manager3) Device manager4) File manager5) Network manager
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Operating System: Blocks
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Hardware Architecture
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A general hardware-software codesign methodology
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Forces on Computer Architecture
ComputerArchitecture
Technology ProgrammingLanguages
OperatingSystems
History
ApplicationsIdea/Problem
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Introduction to Programming#include "stdio.h"
int main(){printf("welcome to RIU");return 0;
}
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Single Board Open source System
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Evaluation Marks C/C++ Compiler installation (2) Programming, write problems discussed in
classroom (5) Write a new application and learn more (3)
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