comptia a+ guide to managing & maintaining your pc by: jean andrew computer maintenance chapter...

CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC By: JEAN ANDREW

Computer Maintenance

Chapter 9:Installing & supporting I/O devices

Copyright © 2007 - CIST 2

Objectives

After you have completed this lesson, you will be able to:

• Identify name, purpose, and characteristic of input/output devices

• Describe about monitors and video cards and how they relate to the system.

• Identify the general approaches you need to take when installing and supporting I/O devices

• Identify name, purpose, and characteristic of ports and expansion slots for add-on devices.

• Install and support I/O devices.

• Identify diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques to troubleshoot I/O devices, including keyboards pointing devices, and video.


Scenario

In this chapter, you will learn:

• Basic principle to support I/O devices

• Working with keyboard

• The mouse and other pointing devices

• Specialty input devices

• Monitor, projectors, and video cards

• Using ports and expansion slots for add-on devices

• Troubleshooting I/O devices

Basic Principle To Support I/O Devices

Consider these basic concepts used when supporting I/O devices:• Every I/O device is controlled by software

• When it come to installing or supporting a device, the manufacturer knows best.

• Some devices need application software to use the device.

• Problems with a device can sometimes be solve by updating the device drivers.

• Learning about I/O devices is a moving target.



Scenario









Working With Keyboards

• Ergonomic means “designed fro safe and comfortable interaction between human beings and machines.”

• A danger from using keyboard too much is repetitive stress injury (RSI) known as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Figure 9-1



HOW KEYBOARD KEYS WORK

Keyboard use one of two common technologies in the way the keys make contact:

• Foil contact• Metal contact

KEYBOARD CONNECTORS

Keyboards connect to a PC by one of four methods:– DIN connector (outdated) – PS/2 connector (sometimes called mini-DIN)– USB port– Wireless connection



INSTALLING HOW KEYBOARD • Because the system BIOS manage the keyboard, no

keyboard drive are necessary. • Exception for the wireless keyboard

CLEANING THE KEYBOARD• Mouse and keyboard need to be regularly cleaned to keep

them working well• You can use damp cloth to clean the keyboard surface• You can also turn the keyboard upside down and bump

multiple keys wit flat palm• Use a can of compressed air to blow dust and debris



Scenario









The Mouse And Other Pointing Devices

A pointing device allows you to move a pointer on the screen and perform tasks such as executing (clicking) a command button.



MOUSE TECHNOLOGIES

Mouse technologies include the wheel moue and the optical mouse.



A mouse can connect to the computer by several methods:• Motherboard mouse or PS/2-compatible mouse

• By using mouse bus card that provide a PS/2 mouse port (bus mouse)

• By using the serial mouse (serial mouse)

• By using USB port

• By using a Y-connection with the keyboard

• By using a cordless technology whereby the mouse send signals to a sensor on the PC



TOUCH SCREENS• A touch screen is an input device that use a monitor or

LCD panel as the backdrop for input options.

OTHER POINTING DEVICES• Trackballs and touch pads


Manufacturer Web Site

BioStik www.biostik.com

Mitsumi www.mitsumi.com

Logitech www.logitech.com

Microsoft www.microsoft.com

Intel www.intel.com

Belkin www.belkin.com

Keytec, Inc. www.magictouch.com


Scenario









Specialty Input Devices

BARCODE READERS

FINGERPRINT READERS AND OTHER BIOMETRIC DEVICES



Scenario









Monitors

• CRT monitor (takes up a lot of desk space and costs less) • LCD Monitor (frees your desk space, looks cool, and cost

more)

HOW A CRT MONITOR WORKS


How A LCD Monitor Works

• TFT (thin film transistor) display or active matrix display• DSTN (dual-scan twisted nematic) display or passive

matrix display


Choosing Between A CRT Monitor And An LCD Monitor


Monitors, Projectors, And Video Cards

The different resolution standards are as follows:

• VGA (Video Graphics Array) support up to 640x280

• SVGA (Supper VGA) support up to 800x600

• XGA (eXtended Graphic Array) support up to 1024 x 768

• SXGA (Super XGA) support up to 1280x 1024

• SXGA + is a variation of SXGA and uses a resolution of 1400 x 1050

• WSXGA + (Wide SXGA +) use a resolution of 1680 x 1050

• UXGA (Ultra XGA) supports up to 1600 x 1200

• WUXGA (Wide UXGA) supports up to 1920 x 1200

APPLY CONCEPT: INSTALLING DUAL MONITOR


Using A Projector


Video Cards

The fives of data transfer are as follow:

• RGB video using a VGA port: use a regular 15-pin VGA port

• DVI (Digital Visual Interface): for video card that only has a DVI port

• Composite video: use with Composite Out port to send output to a TV, have only one pin at the central of the port

• S-Video (Super-Video): use by some high-end TVs and video equipment, 4 pins round port

• HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is currently used on television and other home theatre equipment.


Video Cards


The Bus Used By Video Cards

Four buses have been used for video cards in the past 20 years or so. • They are VESA bus, • The regular PCI bus, • The AGP bus, and • The newer PCI Express bus.


Different AGP Standards


PCI Express


Graphics Accelerators

• A graphic accelerator is a type of video card that has its own processor to boost performance.


Notes: One problem high-end graphics cards have is overheating. One possible solution is a PCI fan card mounted next to the graphics card.

Video Memory

The following list describes the different types of video memory:

– VRAM (video RAM)

– SGRAM (synchronous graphics RAM)

– WRAM (window RAM)

– MultiBank DRAM (MDRAM)

– 3-D RAM

– Direct RDRAM (DRDRAM)

– Graphics DDR, Graphics DDR2 (GDDR2), and Graphics DDR3 (GDDR3)


Installing A Video Card

1. Check your motherboard documentation

2. Remove case cover and insert card in the slot and slide the retention mechanism

3. Replace the computer case cover, plug the video cable, and turn on the system, Windows will launch the Found New Hardware Wizard

4. Right-click anywhere on the desktop > Properties

5. Select Settings tab > click Advanced > click Adapter tab

6. Insert the CD came with the video card and click Updates Drivers and follow the onscreen direction.

7. After the drivers are installed, use Display Properties window to check the resolution and refresh rate for monitor.


Manufacturer Website Manufacturer Web SiteASUSTek Computer, Inc. www.asus.com ATI Technologies, Inc. www.ati.com

Creative Technology, Ltd. www.creative.com Grainward Co., Ltd. www.gainward.com

Hercules Computer Tec. www.hercules.com Matrox Graphics, Inc. www.matrox.com

MSI Computer Corporation www.msicomputer.com

nVidia www.nvidia.com

VisionTek www.visitontec.com


Scenario









Using Ports And Expansion Slots For Add-on Devices


Using Serial Ports and Parallel Ports

• RS-232c (Reference Standard 232 revision c)• SPP (Standard Parallel Port)• EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port)• ECP (Extended Parallel Port)

• Figure 9-35


Infrared Transceivers

• An infrared transceiver, also called IrDA (Infrared Data Association) transceiver or an IR transceiver

• Version of USB– USB Version 1.1:

1.5 Mbps and 12 Mbps

– USB Version 2.0:

480 Mbps


Using USB Ports

• USB allows for hot-swapping and hot-pluggable devices.

• USB host controller


Using IEEE 1394 Ports

• IEEE 1394 as also called FireWire and i.Link• FireWire use serial transmission, support speed up to 3.2

Gbps• Use with digital camcorders, DVDs, and hard drives• One host controller support up to 63 FireWire devices• Two standards for IEEE 1394 are 1394a and 1394b• 1394a supports speeds up to 400 Mbps, 4.5 meters (15

feet)• 1394a supports two types of connectors and cables:


Using IEEE 1394 Ports


Installing And Supporting Expansion Cards

• SELECTING PCI CARDS


APPLY CONCEPT: Mr. Bill was hurriedly setting up a computer for a friend. When he got the modem, he installed it as he had installed many modems in the past. He put the modem card in the PCI slot and turned on the PC. When the found new hardware Wizard launched, he installed the drivers, but it wouldn’t work. After four hours, then it hit him to read the instruction. He open the booklet and it say “The modem WILL NOT WORK if you install the card first and the software second”


INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING A PCI MODEM CARD• A modem is a device used by a PC to communicate over

a phone line. • A modem can be an external device connected by a USB

or serial port, a modem card• Using either PCI or PCI Express slot, or a smaller and

less expensive modem riser card. Or can be on-board component.

• On a notebook, a modem is embedded component on the motherboard or in a PC Card installed in a PC card slot.

• A modem provide one or two RJ-11 (registered jack 11), • The most common speed is 56 Kbps




Follow these steps to install a modem card:

• Read the documentation

• If you installing the modem card to replace an onboard modem port, enter CMOS setup and disable the onboard modem card.

• Protect PC from ESD

• Power down the PC and unplug it. Open computer case, remove face plate.

• Insert the card in the expansion card properly

• Insert the screw that connects the card to the case

• Replace the case cover, power cord, and other peripheral.

• Plug the telephone line from the house into the jack on the modem



Turn on your computer and follow these steps to configure modem: • Log in as a user account that has administrative privileges• You might have to boot twice: once to allow Plug and Play to detect

firmware on the modem card that run the modem.• In most case, Windows XP installs a modem card without giving you the

opportunity to use the modem manufacturer drivers. Open Device Manager > Properties >Driver > Update Driver > No not at this time > Next

• Insert the CD, select Installed from a list or specific location (advanced) and click Next

• Select Search for the best driver in these locations. Click Browse > click OK and click Next > click Finish.

• After install drivers, verify that the OS configured the modem correctly, open Device manager and modem Properties

• Right-click on My network place > Properties > Create a new connection > Connect to the Internet


Scenario









Troubleshooting I/O Devices

Generally, when troubleshooting an I/O devices, follow these steps:

• For new installation, suspect the drivers are not installed correctly, plug in or set in the expansion slot correctly

• For problems after an installation, ask the user what has just changed in the system

• Analyze the situation and try to isolate the problem.

• Check simple things first

• Try using Device Manager to uninstall the device. Then reboot and installs the drivers again

• Exchange the device for a known good once or install the suspect device in a working system

• After problems is fixed, document the symptoms, source of the problem, and the solutions.


Troubleshooting Keyboards

• A FEW KEYS DON’T WORK

• THE KEYBOARDS DOES NOT WORK AT ALL

• KEY CONTINUES TO REPEAT AFTER BEING RELEASED

• KEYS PRODUCE THE WRONG CHARACTERS

• MAJOR SPILL ON THE KEYBOARD


Troubleshooting a Touch Screen

• Check the touch screen cable is connected to the PC and Device Manager recognizes the device with no errors

• Examine the screen fro excessive scratches

• Examine the edges of the touch screen for crumbs

• If the touch screen is not accurate, see the documentation

• Try uninstalling and reinstalling the touch screen under Windows


Troubleshooting A Mouse Or Touchpad

• Check the mouse port connection

• Check the dust or dirt inside the mouse. Reboot the PC.

• Update driver

• Try a new mouse

• Uninstall and reboot then reinstall the mouse driver. Reboot the PC

• Reboot the PC and select the logged option from the startup menu to create the Ntbtlog.txt file. Continue to boot and check the log for errors.

• For notebook touchpad, check the CMOS setup to see if the touch pad was set to disabled.


Troubleshooting Monitors And Video Cards

• POWER LIGHT (LED) DOES NOT GO ON; NO PICTURE• POWER LED IS ON, NO PICTURE ON POWER-UP• POWER IS ON, BUT MONITOR DISPLAYS THE WRONG

CHARACTERS• MONITOR FLICKERS, HAS WAVY LINES, OR BOTH• NO GRAPHICS DISPLAY OR THE SCREEN GOES BLANK

WHEN LOADING CERTAIN PROGRAMS• SCREEN GOES BLANK 30 MINUTES OR ONE MINUTE

AFTER THE KEYBOARD IS LEFT UNTOUCHED• POOR COLOR DISPLAY• PICTURE OUT OF FOCUS OR OUT OF ADJUSTMENT• CRAKLING SOUND• DISPLAY SETTINGS MAKE THE SCREEN UNREACHABLE


Caution: a monitor retains a charge even after the power cord is unplugged. If you are trained to open a monitor case to replace a fuse, unplug the monitor and wait at least 60 minutes before opening the case so that capacitors have completely discharge.

Vocabulary

3-D RAM hot-pluggable passive matrix display

active matrix display hot-swapping pixel

bus mouse hub PS/2-compatible mouse

chip creep i.Link refresh rate

DCE, DTE I/O controller card resolution

Direct RDRAM (DRDRAM) IEEE 1384 serial mouse

dot pitch IEEE 1394 SGRAM

DSTN infrared transceiver TFT (Thin film transistor)

FireWire interlaced touch screen

ECP, EPP isochronous data transfer UART

flat panel monitor LCD monitor USB host controller

graphic accelerator motherboard mouse VRRAM (video RAM)

Graphics DDR (G-DDR) MultiBank DRAM (MDRAM) WRAM (window RAM)

Graphics DDR2 (G-DDR2) noninterlaced null modem cable



Summary

• Adding new devices to a computer requires installing hardware and software. Even if you know how to generally install an I/O device, always follow the specific instructions of the product manufacturer.

• Use Device Manager under Windows to determine what resources currently installed devices use.

• A keyboard can use a DIN, PS/2, USB, or wireless connection.

• Biometric input devices, such as a fingerprint reader or iris scanner, collect biological data and compare it to that recorded about the person to authenticate the person’s access to a system.

• Features to consider when purchasing a monitor are the screen size, refresh rate, interlacing, response time, dot pitch or pixel pitch, resolution, multiscan ability, color quality, contrast ratio, viewing angle, display type (active or passive matrix), backlighting, and type of connector (analog or digital) used by the monitor.

• A video card is rated by the bus that it used and the amount of video RAM on the card. Both features affect the overall speed and performance of the card.

• Some types of video memory are VRAM, SGRAM, WRAM, 3-D RAM, MDRAM, G-DDR, G-DDR2, G-DDR3, and DRDRAM.


Summary

• Most computers provide one or more USB ports, one parallel port, and perhaps an IEEE 1394 port or serial port to be used for a variety of devices.

• The PCI bus is presently the most popular local bus. The VESA local bus is an outdated standard designed by the Video Electronics Standards Association of video cards, the VESA bus was replaced by PCI, which as then replaced by the AGP bus, and more recently by the PCI Express bus.

• Generally, expansion cards used PCI Express or PCI slots.

• UART logic on a motherboard chipset controls serial ports.

• Because data might become corrupted, parallel cables should be not exceed 15 feet (4.5 meters) in length. HP recommends that the cable not exceed 10 feet (3 meters).

• Three types of parallel ports are standard, EPP, and ECP. The ECP type use a DMA channel.

• Serial ports are sometimes configured as COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4, and parallel ports can be configured as LPT1, LPT2, or LPT3.

• The USB and IEEE 1394 bus only used one set of system resources for all devices connected to it, and USB devices are hot-pluggable.


Quizzes

1. Among the following, what are the input devices?a. Keyboard c. Monitorb. Mouse d. Processor

2. Which one can support the fastest speed?a. USB c. Serial b. FireWire d. Parallel

3. How many pins of the mini-DIN or PS/2 port?a. 2 c. 4b. 3 d. 5


Question

Questions?

Delivery guide for instructor. Guide to managing and maintaining your PC – sixth editionVideo ‘chapter 9/Using Dual monitors’Video ‘chapter 9/Installing a video card’Video ‘chapter 9/FireWire ports’Video ‘chapter 9/Disabling Onboard Ports’

and now it’s time to practice

comptia a+ guide to managing & maintaining your pc by: jean andrew computer maintenance chapter...

Documents

addon devices

support io devices

supporting io devices

keyboard mouse

wireless keyboard

keyboard surface

keyboard drive

video cards