compound and complex sentences compound sentences a compound sentence has two or more independent...
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![Page 1: Compound and Complex Sentences Compound Sentences A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses that are usually joined by a coordinating conjunction:](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649f355503460f94c526f8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Compound and Complex Sentences
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Compound Sentences
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses that are usually joined by a coordinating conjunction:
• Henry got a new job, so he has to move.
• I have a lot of homework, but I am not going to have time to study tonight.
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Notice the difference between a simple sentence with a compound verb and a compound sentence
with two clauses:
SIMPLE My house guests returned from a long day of shopping and went straight to bed.
COMPOUND My house guests returned home from a long day of shopping, and we decided to stay at home instead of going out.
What is the difference?
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Compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions
Most compound sentences are formed with a coordinating conjunction: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (FANBOYS)
• The experiment was deemed successful, yet our results were unsatisfactory.
• The students were unhappy with their professor, for he often wasted their time in class.
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Compound sentence without coordinating
conjunctions
While most compound sentences are formed with a coordinating conjunction, often good writers decide to eliminate the conjunction and simply add a semicolon:
• The ambitious student initiated the research; the teacher was pleased by her efforts.
• The students were unhappy with their professor; he often wasted their time in class.
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Complex Sentences
A complex sentence has an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses (independent clauses are in italics). Note that introductory dependent clauses must be followed by commas:
• Since we got to the concert late, we had to make our way to our seats in the dark.
• We left class early so that we could attend a special lecture.
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Comparing Compound and Complex Sentences
• compound sentences differ from complex sentences in one important way: In a compound sentence, both clauses
have equal importance. In a complex sentence, the independent
clause is more important.
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Compare these sentences.
• COMPOUND John was tired, but he finished his
homework.
• COMPLEX Although John was tired, he finished his
homework.
• In the first sentence, the writer is communicating that both clauses are equally important.
• In the second sentence, the writer is saying that the subordinate clause ("John was tired") is less important than the independent clause ("he finished his homework").
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Look at this paragraph with many independent clauses joined with coordinating conjunctions:
I went home, but my roommate wasn't there, so I started to cook dinner, but my roommate came in and saw me trying to cook his favorite recipe, but I didn't really know how to make it well, and he got really angry, so I stopped cooking, and he made dinner for us, and then everything was all right.
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The independent clauses are underlined, and the coordinating conjunctions are in bold:
1 went home, but my roommate wasn't there, so I started to cook dinner, but my roommate came in and saw me trying to cook his favorite recipe, but I didn't really know how to make it well, and he got really angry, so I stopped cooking, and he made dinner for us, and then everything was all right.
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This is better! Notice how it makes use of a variety of sentence structures.
When I went home, my roommate wasn't there, so I started to cook dinner. Then, my roommate came in and saw me trying to cook his favorite recipe even though I didn't know how to make it well. I stopped cooking because he got really angry. In the end, he made dinner for us, and everything was all right.