composition: beyond the obvious
DESCRIPTION
Presentation visuals presented to the Jefferson County Photography Club. It's intended to cover principles of composition not normally considered or discussed (at least in our club).TRANSCRIPT
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CompositionBeyond the Obvious
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Today’s Principles...•Contrast
• Balance
•Depth
• Leading Lines
• Proximity
•Common Fate
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Contrast
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ColorHue: Position on the color wheel. More distance = more contrast.Value: Relative lightness or darknessSaturation and Intensity: Purity of a hue
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Hueexample
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Valueexample
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Saturationexample
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OrientationAn object’s orientation relative to other elements in the composition can create meaning by focusing attention on anomaly.
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TextureShifts in tactile quality or pattern can create focal points.
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ShapeWe often ascribe personality, meaning, or emotion to different shapes.Contrasts of shape engage both our ability to notice form and our cognitive associations with those configurations.
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Balance
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ValueThe eye is attracted to contrast, so a small area of high contrast will balance a larger area of low contrast.
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ShapeA small complicated shape can balance a large simple shape. Also, a large uncluttered area can balance a small busy area containing many shapes.
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SymmetricalBoth sides are essentially mirrored. Sometimes called formal balance.
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AsymmetricalGenerally more interesting than symmetrically balanced images. More casual, dynamic, and relaxed.
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Absence of balance can create tension.
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Depth
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DepthThe illusion of distance or a third dimension. This can be achieved through perspective or overlapping objects.
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Proximity
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ProximityElements that are close together are perceived to be more related than elements that are farther apart.
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Photo © 2013 Osman Orsal
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Lines
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LinesLines lead the viewer into and around the scene. Leading lines direct the viewer towards a focal point in the image. Lines can also be symbolic, depending on their orientation and direction.
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Vertical LinesTall and balanced, solid, and firm. They symbolize strength, power, and stability.
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Horizontal LinesPeaceful and static, the horizontal line suggests stability, permanence, and tranquility.
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Diagonal LinesDiagonal lines are active and dynamic, creating tension and bringing to mind action and motion.
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Curved LinesLike diagonal lines, curved lines suggest motion - but slower motion. The greater the curve, the more dramatic the tension.
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Common Fate
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Common FateElements that move in the same direction are perceived to be more related than elements that move in different directions or are stationary.
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Further Reading...
•http://www.goshen.edu/art/ed/Compose.htm
•http://www.siggraph.org/education/materials/HyperGraph/design/composition/balance_in_composition.htm
•http://www.artincanada.com/arttalk/compositionglossary.html
•http://photoinf.com/General/NAVY/Photographic_composition_Balance.htm
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...and some books
(that I used)
•Composition Photo Workshop - Bruce Fier
•Universal Principles of Design - William Lidwell, Kritina Holden, Jill Butler
•The Information Design Handbook - Jenn + Ken Visocky O’Grady