complete product guide - tepe betopan product guide 4 1 - introduction this guide explains the usage...
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Complete Product Guide
Tepe Betopan® is Bilkent Holding company.
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Table of Contents1. Introduction 4 1.1 Cement-bonded particle board 6 1.2 Characteristics of the material 7 1.3 Technical specifications of Betopan and the Plus group* Boards 9
2. Our products 10 2.1 Betopan 10 2.2 Betopanplus 10 2.3 Yalipan 11 2.4 Tasonit 11
3. Assembly elements 12
4. Getting ready for applications 16 4.1 Cutting process 17 4.2 Screwing process 18 4.3 Painting process 19 a. Painting of Betopan Boards to be used in interior spaces 19 b. Painting of Betopan Boards to be used in exterior areas 20
5. Applications with Betopan and Betopanplus 21 5.1 Construction of partition walls using Betopan and Betopanplus 21 5.2 Cladding partition walls with Betopan and Betopanplus 22 5.3 Forming the bearing construction for the siding material 23 5.4 Construction of mezzanines 24 5.5 Assembly elements used in the applications 25 5.6 Construction of drop ceilings 27 5.7 Construction of raised floors 28 5.8 Column insulation 29 5.9 Usage on balcony and terrace ceilings, soffits and fascia 30 5.10 Usage under roof decking material 31 5.11 Usage for supporting water insulation of basements 32 5.12 Construction of fire doors 33 5.13 In the elevator shaft 33 5.14 In prefabricated buildings 34 a. Wall construction 34 b. Flooring system 36 c. Construction of intermediate floors 37 d. Construction of wet areas 38
6. Some projects in which Betopan and Betopanplus were used 40
7. Transportation, storage, and other points of attention 45 7.1 Transportation 45 7.2 Handling 45 7.3 Storage 45
8. About Bilkent Holding 47
Complete Product Guide
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1 - INTRODUCTION
This guide explains the usage and application principles and the basic details that should be known about the boards manufactured by TEPE BETOPAN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE INC. to architects, civil engineers, technical staff and craftsmen, contractors, job providers and end users.
In this guide, you can find a brief introduction to our company, products and product types, main usage areas and appropriate detail solutions, and some points of attention regarding our products.
Should you need more specific details or solutions that are not included in this guide, please consult our Technical Support Department.
Picture 1 (Tepe Betopan Inc. Ankara Production Facilities)
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As a Bilkent Holding company, TEPE BETOPAN established BETOPAN factory in 1984 at Ankara Beytepe Facilities with the name TEPE GROUP as it was called at the time, and pioneered the production of cement-bonded particle boards in TURKEY. In 1999, the factory was renovated using state of the art systems and its capacity was doubled. In 2001, the other Cement-Bonded Particle board factory in ARHAVI was acquired making the Group the sole manufacturer in Turkey, and one of the leading manufacturers in the world with a capacity of 67,500 m3/year. In 2008, the transfer of the production line in Arhavi to our facilities at Bilkent, Ankara unified the production resulting in a stronger production facility and boosting the sales both locally and globally.
Developed by diligent and unrelenting in-house research and development, “BETOPANPLUS” was added in the year 2000 to our product range as a more stable and durable BETOPAN. Thereby, TEPE BETOPAN hailed as a technology developer company by starting the production and sales of BETOPANPLUS along with the “cement-bonded particle board” BETOPAN.
After adding BETOPANPLUS to our product range in addition to the original product BETOPAN, TEPE BETOPAN launched the “wood-textured YALIPAN” and “stone textured TASONIT” boards. Our company now holds European patents of BETOPANPLUS, YALIPAN and TASONIT.
TEPE BETOPAN, as an entity, made significant contributions to enhancing the quality and, widening the usage range of boards thanks to the dynamism it has drawn from research and development over time and the respect it shows for production, and continues to do so.
Picture 2
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1.1 - CEMENT-BONDED PARTICLE BOARD
Cement and wood have been used as two fundamental elements of construction throughout history.
Cement and wood had been used as two separate construction materials until early 1920s. Then studies were started to use a combination of the two, and most of the research activities focused on the determination of the physico-chemical relation between the two items.
Towards the late 1920s, it became a common practice to mix cement with wood chips instead of sand.
By early 1940s, the knowledge required for turning the mixture of cement and wood chips into a board was attained.
In 1940, the first wood fiber boards were manufactured by adding very long fibers to cement and pressing. Subsequently, the panels that were the prototypes of today’s cement-bonded particle boards were manufactured by adding shorter wood fibers to cement.
The first company to manufacture the present cement-bonded particle boards was established in 1967 in Switzerland. Research continued since then aiming to create boards manufactured from versatile, practical, environment-friendly and wholly ecological raw materials.
The 1970s witnessed the erection of cement-bonded particle board factories one after another around the world.
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1.2 - CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MATERIAL
BETOPAN production involves use of natural and traditional materials such as wood and cement and other mineralization materials not harmful to human health.
Moisture Resistance BETOPAN is the right material required for wet areas and exterior façades for its resistance to moisture.
Water Resistance BETOPAN swells negligibly (1.5%) when immersed in water for 24 hours.
Non-molding 1- BETOPAN does not mold due to its moisture resistance.2- It is resistant to insects and pests. 3- BETOPAN does not host insects and pests due to its cement content.
Fire Resistance (European Classification) Fire resistance standard : TS EN 13501-1Burn : B1Smoke : s1Fall of particles or burning drips : d0
Fire Resistance (UK Classification) It is more resistant to fire than ‘Class 0’ according to the UK Building Regulation, Document B2, Chapter 6. According to this regulation, ‘Class 0’ corresponds to;
Burning : B class,Smoke : s3Fall of particles or burning drips : d2.
As it can be inferred from above; Being better than Class 0 as specified by United Kingdom Building Regulation proves that the material characteristics of BETOPAN boards in European Standards (i.e. B1, s1, d0) are better than many products and rank higher in classifications.
Thermal insulationA BETOPAN layer of 1 cm in thickness provides the same thermal insulation as a 10 cm thick concrete. Thermal insulation provided by a 8.4 cm thick sandwich wall covered with BETOPAN on both surfaces can be equal to that provided by 39 cm thick insulated air bricks.
Crash and Impact Resistance The material has the highest resistance to impact and crash among similar materials.
Machine ProcessibilityBETOPAN allows inserting lamps, opening grooves and bushings; it can be drilled and cut.
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LightnessIt is a light material. For example, 10 mm thick BETOPAN weighs 13 kg/m2.
Moisture ResistanceThe product swells by 1.5% at maximum when immersed in water for 24 hours. So it exhibits superior resistance features in moist environments compared to other similar materials (e.g. hardboard, MDF, plasterboard, OSB).
Airborne Sound InsulationTS EN 13986 ARTICLE 5.10Sound transmission loss (R) in 1 kHz - 3 kHz range,29 dB for 10 mm 32 dB 18 mm
Sound Absorption TS EN 13986 ARTICLE 5.11
Sound Absorption Coefficient: Between 250 Hz - 500 Hz: 0.10Between 1000 Hz - 2000 Hz: 0.30
Resistance to Biological AgentsThanks to its high alkalinity (pH 11-13) and density, BETOPAN is resistant to environmental factors and biological agent. Its susceptibility to fungus and mold was tested in above-the-ground and buried conditions in extremely moist areas. No mold or fungus was detected on boards above the ground; some molding traces were detected on boards after remaining buried under the ground for 8 years. However, this deterioration remains at 0.9 mm thickness on the surface. The insect infestation test conducted in open air revealed that the boards were not affected by insects.
Seismic ResistanceLightness of BETOPAN transfers less load to the supports of the building enhancing the seismic resistance of the building.
Fire ResistanceBETOPAN boards have fire-stop characteristics.
Movement related to Ambient Moisture and TemperatureWooden material moves depending on the ambient moisture. Similarly, set cement and concrete move as the ambient moisture changes.
The movement rate of BETOPAN is less than that of wood and more than that of set cement. The structure of BETOPAN is much more homogenous and the tension it creates is much less than wood; the direction and amount of movement can be predicted, and the disadvantages can be prevented by painting and attaching methods.
During the applications, BETOPAN boards must be painted with preferably a silicone-based, alkaline-resistant paint. With the impact of paint, movement will diminish, but will not be completely eliminated. Thus the boards must be affixed by a method that will allow linear movement. This will completely prevent formal movements such as hollowing and swelling up of the surface.
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Chart 1
1.3 - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF BETOPAN AND THE PLUS GROUP* BOARDS
PLUS GROUP* includes BETOPANPLUS, YALIPAN and TASONIT boards.
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Manufactured since 1984 and the favorite member of the family, BETOPAN is manufactured from a mixture of wood, cement and chemical additives not harmful to health. It derives its lightness, elasticity and processibility from wood; its resistance to water, moisture, fire and decay from cement, and serves the users’ with superior structural qualities.
Standard Production Dimensions:
Thickness : 08/10/12/14/16/18/20/24/30 mmWidth : 1250 mm Length : 2500 / 2800 / 3000 mmCustom : It is possible to MANUFACTURE boards in other thicknesses and to CUT them in custom widths and lengths.
Launched in 2001 as the first Plus product, BETOPANPLUS was created by covering both sides of the first product BETOPAN with a mixture that does not include particles but natural minerals and cement. This resulted in a board which moves very little due to relative humidity, is as resistant to external factors as high-quality concrete, and allows the application of all paints applicable on concrete.
Standard Production Dimensions:
Thickness : 08/10/12/14/16/18/20/24/30 mmWidth : 1250 mm Length : 2500 / 2800 / 3000 mmCustom : It is possible to MANUFACTURE boards in other thicknesses and to CUT them in custom widths and lengths.
2 - OUR PRODUCTS
Short Particle and Cement Layer
Non-textured Cement-bonded Mineral Layer
Short Particle and Cement Layer
Non-textured Cement-bonded Mineral Layer
Long Particle and Cement Layer
Cement-bonded Particle Layer
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It is a variation of BETOPANPLUS which has a non-textured surface and an exterior façade product. YALIPAN was inspired from the warm outlook that wood gives to façades. YALIPAN adds the Wooden Texture to the superior qualities of the Plus group products, which has led to the creation of a building material that is insect-proof and does not decay or require constant maintenance unlike wood. YALIPAN has a European Fire Rating A2, d1, s0.
Standard Production Dimensions:
Thickness : 10 / 12 mmWidth : 1250 mm Length : 3000 mmCustom : It is possible to MANUFACTURE boards in other thicknesses and to CUT them in custom widths and lengths.
The latest product added to the Plus group, TASONIT was inspired from STONE, the oldest construction material in use for ages. TASONIT has the same outlook as stone applied on façades, but relieves the building from the heaviness of natural stone that creates weight on the façade and may fall down in time. TASONIT has also the superior qualities of the Plus group products which have European Fire Rating A2, d1, s0.
Standard Production Dimensions:
Thickness : 12 mmWidth : 1250 mm Length : 3000 mmCustom : It is possible to MANUFACTURE boards in other thicknesses and to CUT them in custom widths and lengths.
Stone-textured Cement-bonded Mineral Layer
Wood-textured Cement-bonded Mineral Layer
Plain Cement-bonded Mineral Layer
Non-textured Cemented-bonded Mineral Layer
Cement-bonded Particle Layer
Cement-bonded Particle Layer
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3 - ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS
Chart 2Table of Assembly Elements 1
M-PROFILE (GALVANIZED)
Dimensions : 25 x 80 x 3000 mmWeight : 0.66 kg/mThickness : 0.50-0.55 mmGalvanization : 180-200 gr/m2
FLEXIBLE CONNECTION ELEMENT (APPLICATION WITHOUT INSULATION)
GALVANIZEDThickness : 0.55 mm30 mm40 mm50 mm
FLEXIBLE CONNECTION ELEMENT (APPLICATION WITH INSULATION)
GALVANIZEDThickness : 0.55 mm30 mm40 mm50 mm
WALL PLUGSXR 10 x 80 TSXR 10 x 100 TSXR 10 x 120 T
TRIPHONE METAL SHEET SCREW AND WASHER Dimensions: 4 x 8 x 19.25 mm
HARDBOARD SCREW Dimensions: 5 x 50 mm
DRYWALL SCREW (Carbon-coated, rust-proof) Dimensions: 3.5 x 25-35 mm
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ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS
Chart 3 Table of Assembly Elements 2
BOX PROFILE (GALVANIZED)
WALL THICKNESS: 0.70 - 5.00 mmOUTER DIAMETER :20 x 40 mm25 x 40 mm40 x 40 mm
C PROFILEWALL THICKNESS: 1.00 - 4.00 mmOUTER DIAMETER :40-50 x 60-120 x 9.1-21.9 mm
U PROFILEWALL THICKNESS: 5.00 - 10.00 mmWINGS : 20 - 100 mmHEIGHT : 40 - 300 mm
H PROFILE
b : 100 - 300 mmh : 96 - 600 mmtw : 5.0 - 15.5 mmtf : 8 - 30 mm
STEEL PIERS (GALVANIZED)
STEEL BRACKETS (GALVANIZED)
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ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS
Chart 4 Table of Assembly Elements 3
DRILLING AND FASTENING MACHINE
DIAMOND BLADE HORIZONTAL CUTTING MACHINE
DIAMOND BLADE PORTABLE CUTTING MACHINE
INSULATION MATERIAL(DIFFERENT MATERIALS CAN BE PREFERRED DEPENDING ON THE DESIRED INSULATION VALUE AND CHARACTERISTICS)
ROCK WOOL
INSULATION MATERIAL(DIFFERENT MATERIALS CAN BE PREFERRED DEPENDING ON THE DESIRED INSULATION VALUE AND CHARACTERISTICS)
XPS
INSULATION MATERIAL(DIFFERENT MATERIALS CAN BE PREFERRED DEPENDING ON THE DESIRED INSULATION VALUE AND CHARACTERISTICS)
EPS
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ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS
Chart 5 Table of Assembly Elements 4
DROP CEILING PROFILES 30 X 30 mm60 X 60 mm
PAINT ROLLER
PAINT SPRAY MACHINE
PAINT BRUSH
STEEL PASTE (POLYESTER)
OMEGA PROFILE (PRESS PAINTED)COVER (PVC)
WALL THICKNESS: 1.45 mmH: 10 mmWING WIDTH: 28 mm
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4 - GETTING READY FOR APPLICATIONS
This guide mainly deals with the applications of BETOPAN and also the spaces that allow the use of BETOPANPLUS in the same applications.
BETOPAN is the cement board manufactured as a functional product that can be used in all interior and exterior spaces of a building from foundation to roof.
Our boards are not only durable, light and widely available; but can also be used in various areas other than the main intended usage in the construction sector (poultry-houses, greenhouses, fishing, etc. in which food based health is priority), which increases the number of reasons for preference.
Before explaining our applications, we will touch upon some points that require attention during assembly in the subsequent pages.
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4. 1 - CUTTING PROCESS
The best way to minimize defects is to conduct the cutting process at the factory. However, it is sometimes necessary to cut the material into the required dimensions on site since the design is not known in advance and requires precise cutting and assembly.
Such cutting processes are conducted on portable or stable cutting benches, with ARTIFICIAL DIAMOND BLADE and HARD METAL BLADE SAWS. (Picture 3)
Since our Plus Group products are more durable and solid, the corners on the edges of the boards may not be smooth after individual cutting. So our company recommends that such edges should be FINISHED. (Picture 4)
Standard Masks and Goggles should be worn during the cutting process. (Picture 5-6)
Picture 3
Picture 4
Picture 5
Picture 6
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Picture 7
Picture 8
Picture 9
4. 2 - SCREWING PROCESS
Screwing is easy, however there are certain points that require attention:
First, the screwing slots should be determined and marked on the board that will be assembled. (Picture 7)
On the marked slots, body holes will be drilled, and then countersinks will be created with a diameter wider than screw diameter, which enable the screw head to be embedded in the board. Countersinks must enable the screw head to be embedded in the board surface for 2-3 mm.
Excessive force should not be applied in order to fasten the screw during the screwing process. Such excessive pressure not only runs the risk of cracking the board, but also causes the screw to get jammed and prevent the movement of the boards. (Picture 8)
Screws must be inserted vertically to the surface during the screwing process. (Picture 9)
Picture 10
Picture 11
Picture 12
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4. 3 - PAINTING PROCESS
The Technical Support Department of our company can offer help when necessary before the painting process.
Our company recommends that standard masks and goggles should be worn during the painting process.
Our company is not liable for the damages that may arise as a result of non-compliance with the instructions in the Painting section.
Since our company does not authorize any paint manufacturer to produce paints under the name “BETOPAN Paint,” it is not liable for the damages that may arise from the use of such products.
a - PAINTING OF BETOPAN BOARDS TO BE USED IN INTERIOR SPACES
If painting is to be performed before the assembly, the surface to be painted must be cleared of dust and particles. It should also be dry and dust-free. Painting should be performed indoors that allows air circulation. Tools such as paint rollers and paint guns can be used during painting (Picture 10). Our company recommends the application of primer on BETOPAN boards on both sides before assembly. Care should be taken to spread the paint evenly. (Picture 11)
If the paint is to be applied on assembled products, the point that requires attention is that the surface must be dry and dust-free. (Picture 12)
If BETOPAN boards are to be used in wet or moist spaces; Instructions for “Painting the BETOPAN Boards to be used in Exterior Spaces” should be followed.
Dry Areas:
Painting of Betopan boards: All types of paints applicable in dry spaces can be used. Polyurethane-based paints are recommended by our company.
Painting of BetopanPlus boards: All types of paints applicable in dry spaces can be used. Polyurethane-based paints are recommended in order to
enhance stability.
Wet Areas:
Painting of Betopan boards: Alkaline -resistant, waterproof, preferably water-based and
silicon-added paints are recommended by our company.
Painting of BetopanPlus boards: All types of paints that do not require resistance to ultraviolet
rays and are applicable on concrete can be used.
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b – PAINTING OF BETOPAN BOARDS TO BE USED IN EXTERIOR AREAS
A first painting or primer should be applied first on the BETOPAN boards to be used in exterior areas. Also this process should be conducted indoors. In order to minimize the linear and formal movements of Betopan boards, both surfaces should be painted with an equal amount by using the same type of paints without any time interval. It is recommended that 300 g/m2
paint must be applied on each surface including the final layer paint finishing. The final layer paint finishing can be applied after the assembly. (Picture 13)
Painting of Betopan boards: Alkaline - and ultraviolet - resistant, waterproof, preferably water - based and silicon - added paints are
recommended by our company.
Painting of BetopanPlus boards: Since our material is the sole façade plate in the world that exhibits the same features as concrete; all types of paints
resistant to ultraviolet rays which are used for BETOPAN and concrete can be used (acrylic - based or silicone - added paints are commonly used).
Picture 13
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Picture 17
Picture 18
Picture 19
5 – APPLICATIONS WITH BETOPAN AND BETOPANPLUS
5. 1 - CONSTRUCTION OF PARTITION WALLS USING BETOPAN AND BETOPANPLUS
BETOPAN - BETOPANPLUS can be used for building a partition wall in several ways. These application types arise from the desire to obtain different solutions especially in terms of visual appearance.
Application
Application starts by assembling U, C, H or Box profiles (Picture 14-15-16) with appropriate spacing (with maximum 625 mm distance from axis to axis depending on the dimensions of the product) in order to form the bearing structure of the wall in the space where the partition wall will be built. After these construction elements are robustly assembled, INSULATION MATERIAL can optionally be placed among them from profile to profile. (Picture 17)
PARTITION WALL APPLICATIONS BY USING OMEGA PROFILE: the first board of our BETOPAN or BETOPANPLUS products will be affixed to the bearing profiles by using a DRYWALL SCREW. It is recommended to use our boards with maximum 625 mm width in this application. When the other edge of BETOPAN board reaches the second profile, OMEGA PROFILE will be affixed so as to be placed on the bearing profiles. Omega Profile will be affixed to the second bearing profile so as to take one edge of BETOPAN under its wing. Like the first screwed BETOPAN board, one edge of which was fastened under one wing of the Omega Profile; another BETOPAN board will be similarly fastened under the other wing of the Omega Profile, and the second Omega Profile will be affixed when the edge of the second board reaches the third bearing profile in the same way. The Omega application performed by affixing the omega profiles to the Bearing profiles and affixing BETOPAN boards under the wings of the Omega profiles is completed by covering the visible screws on the grooves of Omega profiles by using PVC based Omega Tapes (Picture 18). Then paint can be applied if desired. (Picture 19).
Picture 16Picture 14 Picture 15
Picture 23
Picture 20
Picture 21
Picture 22
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5. 2 - CLADDING PARTITION WALLS WITH BETOPAN AND BETOPANPLUS
BETOPAN, BETOPANPLUS and YALIPAN can be used in different ways to clad partition walls. These types of applications generally owe themselves to the desire to obtain different visual solutions. Since YALIPAN has the same outlook as wood, it can be used especially in lofts that can be exposed to roof leakage thanks to its water and fire resistance instead of wall and/or roof wainscot paneling.
Application
The application of cladding partition walls by using BETOPAN and BETOPANPLUS boards starts with the affixation of box profiles at sufficient spacing on the walls (not wider than 625 mm from axis to axis depending on the product dimensions) (Picture 20). Affixation will be performed on the plumb line and scale of these profiles, with special hollow brick plugs especially in air bricks, so that the end of the plug enters the second hollow of the brick and gets clamped on the second wall of the brick. After this, INSULATION MATERIAL can be placed from profile to profile if desired. (Picture 21-22)
IF CLADDING IS TO BE PERFORMED ON AN EXISTING WALL: Instructions for Partition Wall Applications by using Omega Profiles (Article 6-1) will be applied for a single surface of the wall this time. In such cladding, sound sealing tapes will not be necessary as long as there are no holes on the existing wall. (Picture 23-24)
Picture 24
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5. 3 - FORMING THE BEARING CONSTRUCTION FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL
BETOPAN and BETOPANPLUS can be used under the final product cladding material in façade claddings in several different ways.
Application
In order to perform intermediate cladding on exterior façade walls before the application of the final product by using BETOPAN and BETOPANPLUS boards, which are necessary from time to time, the application starts with the affixation of box profiles at sufficient spacing on the walls (not wider than 625 mm from axis to axis depending on the product dimensions). After these profiles are robustly assembled in the plumb line and scale, INSULATION MATERIAL can be placed between them from profile to profile if desired. (Picture 25)
a – IF BETOPAN OR BETOPANPLUS ARE TO BE APPLIED ON BOX PROFILES; edges of Betopan boards will be screwed by SMART END DRYWALL SCREWS, at a slot whose distance to the middle axis of the box profile is equal to 0.1% of the length of the board placed at the same direction as the profile. In this way, the space between two BETOPAN boards will be equal to 0.1% of the total length of the boards. This space can be reduced to 0.05% in Betopanplus applications. This is why BETOPANPLUS is recommended for such applications. Application will be completed by pasting the final layer cladding material to be applied on the façade on BETOPAN or affixing the material to the bearing construction composed of box profiles. When this is done by pasting, movement joint must be left among the cladding materials pasted on the boards over the board joints, with a width at least equal to the width of board joints.
b – IF APPLICATION IS TO BE PERFORMED BY USING M PROFILE ON BOX PROFILE, M profiles will be affixed to the middle axes of box profiles. M Profile spacing must be maximum 625 mm, and also the affixation of Box profiles must have been performed on the same principles. Betopan boards will be screwed on both arms of M Profiles by using POINTED-END DRYWALL SCREWS, so that the distance between the edges is equal to 0.1% of the sum of the lengths of the boards on both sides. This space can be reduced to 0.05% in Betopanplus applications. A board must not be screwed on both arms of an M Profile. If the final layer cladding material to be applied on the façade is to be pasted, THE movement joint must be left among the cladding materials pasted on the boards over the board joints, with a width at least equal to the width of board joints.
Picture 25
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Picture 26
Picture 27
Picture 28
Picture 29
5. 4 - CONSTRUCTION OF MEZZANINES
Intermediate floor application is a commonly employed method for creating intermediate floor spaces in small spaces where heavy construction will not be conducted.
Application
In such applications, assembly starts with fixing the bearers of the intermediate floor (Picture 26). Load bearing, spacing, stretching, etc. must be considered in the construction of intermediate floor, and the bearing construction is assembled with appropriate spacing (Picture 27). Main cover of the bearing construction will be completed by placing metal sheets or other covers of different thicknesses depending on calculations, followed by absolutely necessary elements such as sound or heat insulation, or details such as installation. Betopan boards of the necessary thickness and dimensions (at least 16 mm) are placed on this cover and the assembly is completed (Picture 28). Bearing construction spacing and the thickness of BETOPAN must be chosen in accordance with the Load Distribution Table given in the next page. Bearers must be present under all edges of the BETOPAN boards used (Picture 29-30). Final layer covering material (carpet, PVC, flooring, etc.) can be applied at user’s choice. If the covering material to be applied is not airtight (e.g. carpet), a type of finishing must be applied on BETOPAN boards such as polyethylene, etc. which balances water vapor before the covers are placed.
Picture 30
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5. 5 - ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS USED IN THE APPLICATIONS
Some assembly elements are used in the applications explained in detail in this guide. These elements are explained by providing alternative varieties so as to enable that the most easily accessible ones can be chosen.
Sometimes different assembly elements can be used for the same application since there are several different ways to conduct a single application.
While choosing metal-based products, care should be taken that they are stainless and resistant products that are not twisted due to transportation stresses.
The most appropriate information regarding the assembly of the said boards can be obtained from the suppliers of such boards. For this reason, it must not be neglected to obtain technical information regarding the purchased boards before starting an application.
You can find the Table of Assembly Elements regarding the products and applications in the attachment.
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1) These are the final load bearing capacities calculated in consideration of material safety coefficient, coefficients of irregularities that may arise from loading, and the critical displacement ratio (L/360) according to TS 500. It indicates the total value of plate weight and live load. Calculated values in TS 498 Chart 3 should be multiplied with the safety coefficient of 1.6 according to TS 500 and the result should be compared with the bearing capacity. For example, 314 kg/m² obtained by multiplying 2 kN/m² value given for house and office flooring in the second row of the chart by the coefficient 1.6, will be compared with the bearing capacity. 2) Maximum span at the longer direction is 3000 mm c.o.c. 3) Maximum span at the longer direction is 2000 mm c.o.c.
Center on center
Nominal Thickness
1-span between bearer axes
2-span between bearer axes
Span (c.o.c.) 3)
(mm) (mm) Load Bearing Capacity 1)
Load Bearing Capacity 1)
417 16 474 465
417 18 611 598
417 24 1100 1066
417 30 1719 1698
467 16 387 369
467 18 509 474
467 24 887 844
467 30 1440 1341
500 16 348 320
500 18 451 411
500 24 809 731
500 30 1250 1165
600 16 262 226
600 18 335 291
600 24 598 518
600 30 948 826
625 16 229 210
625 18 320 270
625 24 561 482
625 30 887 762
Center on center Nominal Board Thickness
Load Bearing Capacity 1)
Span (c.o.c.) 2)
(mm) (mm) (kg/m2)
417 16 500
417 18 644
417 24 1146
417 30 1833
467 16 387
467 18 500
467 24 887
467 30 1410
500 16 340
500 18 437
500 24 764
500 30 1196
600 16 239
600 18 306
600 30 550
600 24 859
625 16 220
625 18 284
625 24 500
625 30 809
BETOPAN LOAD DISTRIBUTION CHART
Chart 6: Load Bearing Capacities for 3-span Chart 7: Load Bearing Capacities for 1- or 2-span
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5. 6 - CONSTRUCTION OF DROP CEILINGS
Such applications are generally the ceiling systems manufactured for spaces with high ceilings built in accordance with the project so as to conceal installation, ventilation, etc. created by hanging or anchoring a substructure.
Application
There are several ways to make such applications, the most common of which are given below.
In applications on BOX PROFILE; box profiles are fixed to the walls and the ceiling, and joined on the same level without any elevation difference, which forms a steel bearing construction. While forming this structure, profiles should be chosen in consideration of the fact that the space between the edges of Betopan boards to be used will be at least 0.05 % of the total length of the boards on both sides, and screws must be inserted at least 2.5 cm further from the edge (Picture 31). If the middle sections of the profiles affixed are painted with the same color as the color that BETOPAN boards will be painted, there will be no color difference perceptions on the visible joints after the assembly, and small workmanship defects will not be noticed. BETOPAN products will be affixed as 8 mm and with modular cutting (maximum 50 x 50 or 60 x 60 cm). Screw heads are covered by steel paste and painting is done. It is recommended to paint each surface of the boards used in interior settings at least with two layers with polyurethane-based paints (300 gm/m2) in order to minimize movement. (Picture 32)
Picture 32
Picture 31
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5. 7 - CONSTRUCTION OF RAISED FLOORS
Raised floors are systems that provide efficient solutions by creating spaces under the floor for such systems as electricity, telephone, communication data, heating, cooling, ventilation and fire installations in special areas of application such as Business Centers, Office Floors, Bank Buildings, Computer Centers, Laboratories, Shopping Malls, Universities, Showrooms, Fairgrounds, Switchboard Centers, Mobile Switching Centers. (Picture 33)
Application
The application of raised floor systems that have a completely modular structure is based on placing modular-sized Betopan boards on metal frames borne by metal piers, creating a space underneath. BETOPAN products used in such applications are 28 and 30 mm thick, usually in 600 x 600 mm dimensions, and will be covered by PVC tapes. Finally, top and bottom coating material can be applied on the product if the user desires, which makes it ready for use (Picture 34). These panels can easily be lifted and replaced, and have high fire resistance, sound absorption and load bearing capacity (Picture 35). It is recommended to paint each surface of the boards used in interior settings at least with two layers with polyurethane-based paints (300 gm/m2) in order to minimize movement. (Picture 36)
Picture 33
Picture 34
Picture 35
Picture 36
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5. 8 - COLUMN INSULATION
Steel columns must be insulated against fire in some buildings in which steel construction is used. Although steel is a material that does not easily burn, it is easily deformed and loses its bearing capacity. However, this type of buildings must meet the relevant fire standards. In such situations, BETOPAN or Betopanplus which has Euroclass Fire Rating A2, s1, d0, is used in the insulation of steel columns. (Picture 37)
The points that require attention during the use of BETOPAN or Betopanplus are their thickness should be chosen so as to withstand the impacts that may arise from the design where they will be used, their values regarding fire protection shoul be chosen to meet the fire resistance specified by the regulation, and both surfaces must be coated at least with a primer (Picture 38). Picture 38
Picture 37
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Picture 39
Picture 40
Picture 41
Picture 42
Picture 43
Detail 1
Picture 44
5. 9 - USAGE ON BALCONY AND TERRACE CEILINGS, SOFFITS AND FASCIA
The grout on such parts of buildings cracks and drops in time. Betopan or Betopanplus boards are commonly used on the soffits and fascia in order to prevent the drips and bad outlook and obtain an aesthetical outlook. The boards are screwed on box profile, M profile or C profile through pre-drilled guide holes depending on the construction element chosen (Picture 39). Care should be taken that the boards are used after prime coating and painted with final layer finishing paint afterwards (Picture 40).
BETOPANPLUS boards with different textures can be used on fascia as desired. (Picture 41-42)
Betopanplus boards create much more durable surfaces than wood, which is traditionally used for cladding soffits and fascia. (Picture 43-44)
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5. 10 - USAGE UNDER ROOF DECKING MATERIAL
BETOPAN products, which offer advantages in roof systems in respect of the problems frequently experienced in traditional products such as insufficient water resistance, difficulty of assembly, a high number of joints etc. are screwed directly on roof joists. Preferred water insulation material is placed on BETOPAN boards, and after these are fixed, the assembly is concluded by applying the final layer roof coating. Roof coating must be fixed to BETOPAN boards by means of screws; nails must not be used. When the BETOPAN boards are applied on joists, attention must be paid that each edge is placed on one joist or other support (Picture 45).
Picture 45
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5. 11 - USAGE FOR SUPPORTING WATER INSULATION OF BASEMENTS
Surfaces of basement walls of buildings contacting the ground are insulated against water by using bituminous materials. BETOPAN boards of 10 mm in thickness are placed on the exterior of the insulation at the stage just before the filling of sand and gravel for drainage. Thus the bituminous layer, which can easily be damaged by the impacts of sand and gravel, is protected. As it is known, even a single hole to be opened in such an insulation layer harms the whole insulation. For this reason, the function of such protective cover is very valuable.
Detail 2
A
A
B
BBetopan (12 mm)
Insulation Material
Betopan (12 mm)
Betopan (12 mm)
Drywall Screw
Wall Plug
Insulation Material
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Detail 3
5. 12 - CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE DOORS
Fire Doors are one of the most important points of attention in terms of Fire Principles especially at spaces addressing crowds of people. These doors must have maximum fire resistance. Systems covered with Betopan boards on both surfaces, having an air space and insulation material in between can offer very high fire resistance. The production of doors with prolonged fire resistance durations is achieved by applying metal door frame on the edges of this system in order to stabilize the system and allow easy fitting into the door frame.
5. 13 - IN THE ELEVATOR SHAFT
Walls of elevator shafts must be constructed with fire resistant material from floor to ceiling. Since walls of elevator shafts are generally made of steel construction, it is necessary to clad these walls with fire-resistant boards. BETOPAN and Betopanplus which has Euroclass Fire Rating A2, s1, d0 are generally preferred as cladding material for such spaces. Application is conducted by fixing the boards on steel construction elements.
Detail 4
A
A
Box profile (30x50 mm)Betopan (8 mm)
M ProfileBetopan (12 mm)
Insulation (Rockwool)Betopan (8 mm)
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5. 14 - IN PREFABRICATED BUILDINGS
There are different ways to apply Betopan and BETOPANPLUS boards, which are commonly used in prefabricated houses, containers, houses with steel system, and cabinets depending on the area of use. a – WALL CONSTRUCTION
First, sandwich panels will be constructed with the BETOPAN or BETOPANPLUS products that will be used in wall construction in prefabricated and similar applications so as to contain insulation materials in between; then these panels will be placed in the steel bearing construction s (H, C, U Profiles) of the Prefabricated Building. A primer coating and final layer paint finishing will be conducted after the application.
Picture 46Prefabricated Building Wall Panels
Picture 47Prefabricated Building Interior Wall Construction
Picture 48
Picture 49 Primer Coated Prefabricated Building
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Picture 52 Painted Prefabricated Building
Picture 51 Painted Prefabricated BuildingPicture 50 Painted Prefabricated Building
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b – FLOORING SYSTEM
Before starting the assembly of Betopan boards to be used in floor construction in prefabricated buildings, containers and similar applications, the steel structure elements that will bear the load on the floor will be assembled with appropriate spacing (should be designed according to the thickness of the Betopan boards to be placed, spaces between structures, and the maximum load planned to be borne) (Picture 53). After the completion of the works such as insulation, etc. that will be placed underneath the floor depending on the systems of companies, the application is finished by placing Betopan boards sized according to the bearing construction or chosen in standard sizes on, and sometimes in, the bearing construction (Picture 54). Then final layer covering material will be applied upon user’s desire (carpet, PVC, flooring, etc.). Polyethylene or similar vapor balancer will be placed under covers which allow vapor transmission, such as carpet.
Picture 54 Application of Betopan for Flooring in Prefabricated Buildings
Picture 53
c – CONSTRUCTION OF INTERMEDIATE FLOORS
Multi-storey applications are encountered in prefabricated and similar applications from time to time. The assembly in such applications goes on with fixing the bearers of the intermediate floor after the application of the lower floor is completed. Again, the main bearing construction must be assembled with appropriate spacing in consideration of principles such as load bearing taken into account in floor construction (Picture 55). The bearing construction will be covered with metal sheet if necessary. Thermal and sound insulation, and installation are placed in the bearing construction (Picture 56). The assembly is completed by applying BETOPAN boards with the necessary size and dimensions on the metal sheet or the bearing construction (Picture 57-58). Final layer covering material (carpet, PVC, flooring, etc.) can be applied upon user’s choice (Picture 59). If the covering material to be applied is not airtight (e.g. carpet), a type of finishing must be applied on BETOPAN boards such as polyethylene, etc. which balances water vapor before the covers are placed. BETOPAN or Betopanplus can be applied under the bearing construction upon preference.
Picture 56
Picture 57
Picture 58
Picture 59
Picture 55
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d – CONSTRUCTION OF WET AREAS
The most preferred board in prefabricated and similar applications, BETOPAN is widely used in the construction of wet areas. BETOPAN and Betopanplus boards to be used in the construction walls are turned into sandwich panels by using insulation material and affixed to their slots (Picture 60). Steel profiles are used as bearers in the assembly. There are several points that require attention in the application of ceramic products on the wet area walls covered with BETOPAN, the joints of which can be concealed afterwards by means of cover profiles at times. Polyurethane paste must be used while ceramic products are applied on BETOPAN or Betopanplus (Picture 61). When the ceramic tile that corresponds to joints is being glued, it must not be glued on both boards, but only on the board on which the larger part of the tile overlaps. Picture 60
Picture 61
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Picture 62
Picture 64
Picture 63
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6 – SOME PROjECTS IN WHICH BETOPAN AND BETOPANPLUS WERE USED
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Picture 65 DOHA - High Rise Office Project / QATAR
Picture 66 REAL Shopping Malls
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Picture 67 İş Bank Head Office – ISTANBUL
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Picture 68 İş Bank Head Office – ISTANBUL
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Picture 69 Bayrampaşa Forum Shopping Mall
Picture 70 Harbiye Congress Center
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7 – TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE, AND OTHER POINTS OF ATTENTION
Picture 71
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Picture 73 Loading must be done with maximum two palettes at a time.
Picture 74 Make sure that the palettes are placed in balance in the truck body during loading.
Picture 72 While the palettes are stored, maximum 5 palettes must be stacked on top of each other in alignment.
Picture 75 BETOPAN Palettes ready for transportation
Picture 76 BETOPAN Palettes Ready for Loading at the Port
Top of the storage area must absolutely be covered.
When palettes are placed on top of each other, piers of palettes must be aligned and placed on top of one another.
Do not remove the nylon cover until usage.
Do not remove the steel strips until usage.
Materials must be placed on a surface as smooth as possible when they are situated on the area.
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8 - ABOUT BILKENT HOLDING
Bilkent Holding companies were founded by Prof. Dr. İhsan Doğramacı. The first company, Dilek Insaat, was founded in 1968, and Tepe Mobilya commenced its operations as the first industrial facility in 1969.
Bilkent Holding parents more than 40 companies today. Bilkent University owns Bilkent Holding and companies operating in the fields of construction, industry, information technologies, investment and service sector.
TEPE BETOPAN YAPI MALZEMELERİ SAN. VE TIC. A.S.Beytepe Koyu Yolu No:5 Bilkent 06800 Ankara / Turkey
T. +90 312 266 45 51 F. +90 312 266 01 [email protected]
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Edition: September 2010 / 2000 Pcs