Competitividad de ChileCompetitividad de Chile

José Joaquín BrunnerJosé Joaquín Brunner

www.brunner.cl

Agosto 2005

SESIÓN II

Competitividad: dónde está ChileCompetitividad: dónde está Chile

World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report, 2004-2005

Según enfoque de los “pilares” del WEFSegún enfoque de los “pilares” del WEF

Competitividad comparadaCompetitividad comparada

World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report, 2004-2005

Entre economías de ingreso mediano alto Chile ocupa el 3er lugar Entre economías de ingreso mediano alto Chile ocupa el 3er lugar

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

MalasiaEstonia

JordaniaChile

TúnezChina

TailandiaAfrica Sur

IndiaR ChecaLituania

EslovaquiNamibiaLetonia

MarruecosHungríaEgipto

IndonesiaBrasil

Mauricio

Países de ingreso mediano alto

29

Competitividad por grupo pilaresCompetitividad por grupo pilares104 países104 países

WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005

Chile desagregado por pilarChile desagregado por pilar

29

34

15

39

28

41

29

26

19

32

59

32

49

0 20 40 60 80

Instituciones

Infraestructura

Estabilidad

Seguridad

Capital humano básico

Capital humano avanzado

Eficiencia mercado bienes

Eficiencia mercado laboral

Eficiencia mercado financiero

Prepración tecnológica

Apertura/tamaño mercado

Sofisticación negocios

Innovación

Lugar entre 104 paísesLugar entre 104 países

WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005

Ranking IMD - 2005Ranking IMD - 200525 primeros países25 primeros países

http://www01.imd.ch/documents/wcc/content/overallgraph.pdf

Análisis de competitividad de Chile en base a KAM

Banco Mundial: KAMBanco Mundial: KAM• Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM) • The knowledge assessment methodology consists of a set of 80 structural and

qualitative variables that benchmark how an economy compares with its neighbors, competitors, or countries it wishes to emulate.

• The comparison for the 80 variables is undertaken for a group of 128 countries which includes almost all of the OECD economies (except Luxembourg) and more than 90 developing countries.

• The set of 80 variables serve as proxies for the following four pillars that are critical to the development of a knowledge economy (KE):· An economic and institutional regime that provides incentives for the efficient use of existing and new knowledge and the flourishing of entrepreneurship. · An educated and skilled population that can create, share, and use knowledge well.· A dynamic information infrastructure that can facilitate the effective communication, dissemination, and processing of information.· An efficient innovation system of firms, research centers, universities, consultants and other organizations that can tap into the growing stock of global knowledge, assimilate and adapt it to local needs, and create new technology.

• Included in the KAM are also several variables that track the overall performance of the economy. These variables help to illustrate how well an economy is actually using knowledge for its overall economic and social development.

http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

Régimen económicoRégimen económico

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

DesempeñoDesempeño

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

GobernabilidadGobernabilidad

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

InnovaciónInnovación

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

EducaciónEducación

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

InformaciónInformación

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

GéneroGénero

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

Todas las variablesTodas las variables

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

Chile y Finlandia: KAM todas variablesChile y Finlandia: KAM todas variables

http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/weighted/scorecard_adv_param.asp

Metodología KAM: Metodología KAM: Hacia la sociedad del conocimientoHacia la sociedad del conocimiento

• KEI (Knowledge Economy Index) is the average of the performance scores of a country or region  in all four KE pillars (Economic Incentive Regime, Education, Innovation and Information Communications & Technology).

• KI (Knowledge Index) is the simple average of the performance of a region or country in three KE pillars. (Education, Innovation and Information Communications & Technology).

• Each pillar score is derived by averaging the normalized scores of each pillar defining variables for which data is available

The World BankThe World Bank

4 < KEI <= 6

http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp#kei

Mundo y regiones en KAMMundo y regiones en KAM

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

Países seleccionados en KAMPaíses seleccionados en KAM

The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp

Evaluación de Porter – 2005

En general: positivaEn general: positiva

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

Factores básicosFactores básicos

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

Factores de empresaFactores de empresa

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

Entrono de negociosEntrono de negocios

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

Entorno de negocios: Entorno de negocios: fortalezas y debilidadesfortalezas y debilidades

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

El desafío de la productividadEl desafío de la productividad

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005

Recomendaciones de PorterRecomendaciones de Porter

M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005