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COMPENDIUM OF THE NINTH CENSUS. 505

Table XXXY.—Libraries in the United States—1870, 18G0, and 1850.

1

1870 1S«0 1850

Classes and kinds.

3

oS

'o

>a

m

a

1a

o

| ,

1G4, 815 45, 528, 938 27, 730 13, 316, 379 15, 615 4, 636, 411

5G, 015 19, 456, 518 19,581 8, 550, 144 15,615 4, 636, 411

1

1453

1,1011,073

14,37533, 580

4,478

479

431,241

190, 000115,185653, 915

1, 237, 430• 425, 782

3, 598, 5378, 346, 153

1, 634, 915

590, 00213, 890

114, 581

2, 536, 128

Departmental ::::..;.

Tovrn, city, and other municipal

School, (including university and col-

lege) 10, 771C, 205537

2. 743, 349

2, 072, 489412, 708

12, 2801,988

130

2, 589, 725542, 32158,350

Historical, literary, and scientific

Charitable and penal institutions

2,068 3, 321, 598 1,217 1, 446, 015

108, 800 26, 072, 420 8,149 4, 7GG, 235

Remarks.—The Statistics of Libraries have never been very creditable to the censusof the United States. Such improvement as was practicable with the machinery pro-vided for the collection of these statistics, has been effected at the Ninth Census, andthe results will be found in the table, in comparison with the published results of 1860

;

but no great amount of complacency will be experienced upon a critical examinationof the figures. The fact is, the machinery of the census under existing provisions oflaw, defective as it is in many particulars, is less adapted to work out correct results inthis matter of the Statistics of Libraries than in any other use to which it is applied.In 1860, there were returned, of all kinds, 27,730 libraries, containing 13,316,379 vol-

umes. Of these, 8,149 were returned as private libraries, containing, in the aggregate,4,7(56,235 volumes ; but for some reason inexplicable at this date, 8,140 of these libra-

ries, containing 4,711,635 volumes, were incorporated in the published table with publiclibraries, while the nine remaining private libraries, containing 54,600 volumes, wereincorporated in the libraries of schools and colleges, as appears by notes to Table XIV(A,) of Vol. I, Ninth Census, (1870,) verified by reference to pages 502 and 505 of thevolume on Mortality and Miscellaneous Statistics for the Eighth Census.At the Ninth Census, (1870,) the total number of libraries returned was 163,353,

containing 44,539,184 volumes. Of these, 107,673 were private libraries, containing25,571,503 volumes. No return under this head was made from the State of Connecti-cut, the deputy marshal reporting that no exact information could be obtained.While this increase in the number of private libraries and volumes therein, over the

returns of 1860, shows that this portion of the census work has been performed withfar greater effort and care on the part of the assistant and deputy marshals chargedwith the collection of this class of statistics, the results are yet manifestly far below thetruth of the case for the whole country, while in respect to certain States the figures ofTable XXXVI are almost ludicrously disproportionate.The only compensation for this failure—for such it must be pronounced in spite of

the increase over the returns of former censuses— is found in the consideration that thestatistics of private libraries are not, from any proper point of view, among the desira-ble inquiries of the census. The statistics of the manufacture and importation of bookswould be far more significant and instructive, while obtained with one-tenth of one percent, of the effort that would be required to collect accurate statistics of private libra-ries, based upon any classification that might be adopted.The last clause of the foregoing sentence intimates a practical difficulty, which, how-

ever the methods of the census might be improved, would always render the statistics ofprivate libraries of the least possible value. Unless each one of the two or three hundredthousand private collections of books which might claim admission to such a table asthat in contemplation of the census law, were to be personally visited and inspected bya competent judge, it would be impossible to prevent the intrusion into that table oftens of thousands of such collections, without any merit to entitle them to a placethere. No matter how carefully assistant marshals might perform this duty, or howfully instructed they might be from the central office, th.e mere fact of six or seventhousand persons being employed in collecting these statistics would be sufficient to

506 COMPENDIUM OF THE NIKTH CENSUS.

Table XXXVL—Libraries by States and Territories—1870.

States and Territories.

ALL CLASSES.

L1BRAKIES, OTHER THAN PRIVATE.

Total.State and

Federal gov-ernment 8,

Town ,f;iy, &c.

Vap

> 1 >

a

The "United States

Alabama

164, 815 45, 528, 933 56, 015 19, 456, 518 68 959, 100 1,101 I, 237, 430

1 1,4306

1,1811,617

175631!)

473696253

1, 73543

13, 5705, 3013,540574

5,5462, 3323,3343, 3533, 160

26, 7631,4122, 7835, 645

141390314

1, 5262,413

11620, 9291,746

17,7902,361

14, 849759

1,6633,505455133

1,7924,171

1021,7282,8*3

31

576, 8822,000

135, 56-1

474, 29939, 344

285, 9379, 726

183, 423793, 702112,928467, 23210, 625

3, 323, 9141, 125, 553673,600218, 676

1, 909, 230847, 408934, 510

1, 713, 4833. 017, 813

2, 174, 744360,810488, 482

1, 065, 63819, 790

147,040158, 040704, 269895, 29139, 425

6, 310, 352541, 915

3, 687, 363334, 959

6, 377, 845693, 387546, 244802, 11287,11139, 177

727, 263

1, 107, 31333, 362

372, 745905, 811

2,603

2931

2937443063

2521277554511

3, 7052, 3331, 153

1901,1724«0

1,4621,3161,5443,002

587537

1,74213

17123

6701,636

3313, 771

6566,025

166

4,96633474177313574

7361,409

30638

1,33211

86, 5771,000

54, 332159, 62511, 385

285, 9372,788

92, 275409, 93625,374

162, 851

2,860921,545627, 894377, 85192, 425

318, 985263, 266533, 547570, 945

2,010,609578, 631

160, 79083, 376

498, 9965,100

51, 91541, 940

324, 393535, 679

0,6203, 524, 869

202, 651

1, 334, 36361, 532

3, 049, 247309. 696149; 224204, 71325,01831, 493

321, 727336,02013, 552

152,183378, 680

1,103

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

15

1

3,0001,000

12, 500

2, 0002,600

12, 0002,2384, 000

305, 185

7,00016, 000

4 80093 • 6

.3250

18,2734Colorado

fi

7 Dakota8 Delaware9

tfl EloridaI

! 4 3, 73012 Idahoj

',

1

1

1

z

1it

1

I

1

1

1

.....

1

1

1o

31

1

1

11

1

1

11o

1

1

41

10, 00017, 87011, 000

"9, 200

64, 00020, 00031,46230, 000

31, 26510, 0007,00012.000

400

'20.' 666"

10.50017, 205

4, 00060,01916, 30334, 200

3,57830, 0001,5002,70019,0002,0003, 519

14. 158

22,7005, 4003, 095

61,400103

5352234

101

58

1

9542315o

111

1

35, 010

39, 02922, 8084,100

13,43610,00014, 04941, 500

475, S53124, 207

9.9311,0008.0971,600200

141

';

1fi

17

181<J

KentuckyLouisiana

9fl

21

33

MassachusettsMichiganMinnesota

24 MississippiMissouri

Pfi'>!

9S293031

New Hampshire .

New Jersey,

32 44, 74420,000

S3 New York . 130

331

3910

173, 2362,316

61, 0001,161

28, 586

15, 198

3334 Ohio3536"V7

Pennsylvania

3fl

fi 4 1, 33740 Texas41 Utah 3

821

1

49

85052,368

753610

5, 9054,838

4243a 4 Washington45 West Virginia4647

defeat, utterly and hopelessly, all approach, to uniformity of treatment. One-half ofthe assistant marshals would call that a library which the other half would not, or,

more probably, nine out of ten such officers would admit everything that claimed to bea library to their lists.

The plan most commonly urged for preventing such a want of uniformity in the col-

lection of the statistics of private libraries is to fix a number of volumes below whichno collection of books shall be returned as a library, as, say, 100, 200, 300, or 500 vol-

umes ; but it is quite sufficient,, without argument, to disprove such a proposition, to

indicate the practical difficulties arising from such questions as .these : What shall be

done with pamphlets and unbound volumes ? With children's books ? With school-

books, old and new ? With public documents, State and National ? It is not too muchto say that if all these classes were to be rejected, nine out of ten collections in the

United States, which would otherwise pass into a table of private libraries containingone hundred volumes and over, would be thrown out, while, on the other hand, it is

difficult to see what value such a table can have for any use, scientific or popular, if

these classes are to be indiscriminately admitted..

COMPENDIUM OF THE NINTH CENSUS.

Table XXXVL—Libraries hj States and Territories—1870.

507

LIBRARIES, OTHER THAN PRIVATE.

Court and law.School, college,

etc.

Sabbath -schooland church.

Literary andbenevolentassociations.

Circulating.

PRIVATE.

c

A2

A

s

>g

ft

a

> A

01

'0

>

<crCC

yA

ID

'c

>

1, 073 425, 782 14, 375 3, 598, 537 38, 058 9, 981, 068 90 704, 583 1,241 2, 536, 128 108, 800 26, 072, 420

33 7, 785 12 23, 300 248 51, 632 1, 1325

888873345

490, 305

1, 000

81, 232314, 87427.959

1

2946

5,7475, 339

150

253364

• 21

34, 34282, 120

5,835

4311

1, 49322, 475

800117, 937

3

28825

29,1132.000

142, 000

1 300 4

1 14 000 56 <rr) <:

4

24610167

4516

2,3031,1621, 084

176924356

1, 2191,1911, 2062, 167

544523

1,5269

16618576

1, 619

3, 589609

4,896148

4,64827473173313161

5551, 378

26621

1,07810

55065, 25142, 703

14 6, 933

91, 148383, 76687, 554

304, 381

7, 765

2, 399, 369497, 659

295, 719126, 251

1, 590, 245584, 140

450, 983

1, 142, 5381, 007, 2041, 598, 113

200, 020400, 106

566, 64214, 69095. 125

26, 02429, 700

1, 72211, 8951,200

75, 3528,248

20, 3676, 'icO

221 84

5631

1359211

321861192018491

3125

32, 3484,1828,610

15023, 83210, 306

9442,050

61, 59031, 5839,74814,66227, 70810, 359

500121

35, 104

569173

1, 19032

9, 8652, 9682, 387

3844, 3741, 8521,8722; 037

1, 62523, 761

8252, 251

3,903128219

M

12, 47079,1161,510

486. 100229; 048303, 83573,225

214, 084100, 233317, 652306, 752625, 565321, 362112, 50872, 825

285, 333. 1,80050, 1.15

6, 550171, 995423, 224

1, 247, 790101,111796, 65043, 967

2, 117. 199127, 601

118, 300106, 67319,3188, 894

191, 357257, 689

6,842132, 814

222, 0731,000

10

15 41, 100 3 2,400 84

7920184

117"

1,1221, 006

153

1834257220246

1

1

50

140, 759323, 39118, 7476, 500

20, 67537, 05063, 42598, 470

253, 127

37, 7344,0005, 030

44, 825

7 153, 492 13

14

1 150 15

r26

. 1363018611623

281

829141

144

58

86322

171

8331213

39

20, 400100, 27:?

78, 099347, 55653, 70416, 601

2, 430112, 450

1, 2001,000

15,14047, 21775,250

790, 131

1, 7528,560"

7,150330, 15365, 7501,1007, 2531,500

16, 23020, 67852, 781

3001,700

38, 887

18

1

17

2, 500

249," 800

'

192:1

81

2 7,200 239ATTi

1 100£>

fi

1

1

7

600250627

9~

286 11 6! 100 ^8

21 30, 800 4 18, 510 856

837, 158

L09011, 7652,1959,883

425922

2, 73232059

1, 056

2, 76272

1,0901, 551

20

379, 876359, 61229, 805

2, 785, 433339, 204

2, 353, 000273, 427

3, 328, 598333, 691

397, 020597, 39962, 0937,684

405. 536721, 90319.81.0

220; 562527, 131

1,500

'-'0

26241

1

2953

J1

412

77, 5354,1195.000

18024, 0512,1476, 324

1,000

3, 023

9,87914

1,1184

115124

101

1, 165, 15877,050

426, 0134,400

267, 22397,50020,80068, 9501,200

31

3933

1

343

3,0001,096

252, 035

34353637333q40

41

58

1

3194

33, 735

4007,400

50, 492

.... 424344

68

1,2691,010

454647

1 II

(a) No returns of private libraries from Connecticut.

Passing from the private libraries reported in Table XXXVI, to libraries of otherdescriptions, as returned lor the year 1870, a tolerable degree of completeness can fairly

be claimed as thjp result of exceptional efforts in this direction.Omissions of some importance have doubtless occurred in the column for circulating

libraries, and differences in classification adopted by assistant or deputy marshals havecaused some apparent discrepancies in other columns.

It should be said that the. class "Libraries of historical, literary, and scientific soci-

eties," was intended to include only such libraries belonging to learned societies as arenot open to the general public, but are reserved to the exclusive use of members or ofa limited number of subscribers. This class fails, tberefore, to include many libraries

of learned societies which, from the fact of being open to the public freely, or uponterms of such liberality as to make their use practically universal, are, for the imrposesof this table, more properly taken as public libraries. For some reason not explained,all libraries of this class for the city and State of New York have been incorporatedwith other classes.

508 COMPENDIUM OF THE NINTH CENSUS.

Table XXXVII.

—

Newspapers in the United States, hy Periods of Issue—1870.

All classes. Advertising. Agricultural andhorticultural.

Periods of issueujaa

to

a am &

a

%5

O

o

3to

o

9

3 to

Circulation.

Total 5,871 1, 508, 548, 250 20, 842, 475 79 293, 450 93 770, 752

Daily 574107115

4,29596

6221349

806, 479, 57024, 196, 33025, 708, 488

550, 921, 43632, 395, 680

67, 810, 116189, 900846, 680

2, 601, 547155, 105247, 197

10, 594, 6431, 349, 8205, 650, 843

31,650211, 670

Three times a weekSemi-weeklyWeeklySemi-monthly

174

53o

30, 0505,200

244, 7006,0007,500

35o

56

305, 8824,800

460, 070Monthly....'.Bi-monthlyQuarterly'

Table XXXVII.

—

Newspapers in tlie 'United States, hy Periods of Issue—1870—Continued.

Benevolent andsecret societies.

Commercial andfinancial.

Illustrated, liter-

ary, and miscel-laneous.

Devoted to na-tionality.

Periods of isstte

—

Contiri'd.

1O

b

o

g

to

a

S3u3 to

a*

.2

3

3

to

a.2

p

3

Total 81 257, 080 142 690, 200 503 4, 422, 235 20 45, 150

Daily 825

765

401

5

10,9006,500

37, 000327, 550

42, 200241, 450

1,20017, 400

8o

6

30318

1581

42, 5841,3003, 133

2, 334, 62866, 500

1, 927, 34010, 00036, 750

4

11

7,0001,8006, 700

29, 250Semi-weekly ,

Weekly 358

37

84, 1300,700

164, 750Monthly ^.

Bi-monthly 1 1 4001Quarterly 1 1, 5001

Table XXXVII.— Newspapers in the United States, hy Periods of Issue—1870—Continued.

Political. Religious. Sporting.Technical andprofessional.

Periods of issue— Contiri'd.

a

to

a.2

Hou3

a

to

|"a

3

5a

to

Circulation.

aCirculation.

Total 4,333 8, 781, 220 407 4, 764, 358 6 73, 500 207 744, 530

Daily 553101100

3, 56586

2, 531, 813145, 505200, 364

5, 886, 6686,770

10, 100

::::::::::::....?.3, 250

Semi-weeklyWeekly 208

40141

1

J7

1, 385, 3351, 171, 2502, 122, 373

1,00084, 400

5 58, 500« 4011

1307

16

152,65046, 400

465, 06013, 050

64, 120

Monthly "1 15,000

Remarks.—In a country where literary as well as business enterprises are so ephem-eral as in the United States, it will of course be impossible to secure absolute uni-

formity between the statistics of newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals, whencollected through different agencies, at dates varying ever so little, and upon inde-

pendent systems of classification.

The newspaper field of the United States has been very thoroughly worked up by


Table XXXVIII.

—

Newspapers in the United States, by Classes—1870.

-All periods of issue Daily.

Three times aweek.

Classes.

r=

« 5a

.6*

a.2

5p

13

uo,2

a.2

o

5

Total 5, 871 1, 508, 548, 250 20, 842, 475 574 2, 601, 547 107 155, 105

799381

142

50320

4, 333407

6207

4, G89, 800

21, 541, 904G, 518, 56031,120,600

160, 001, 4084,671,000

1, 134, 789, 082125, 959, 496

3, 222, 00015, 971, 460

293, 450770, 752257, 080690, 200

4, 422, 23545, 150

8, 781, 2204, 764, 358

73, 500744, 530

A gricultural and horticultural. .

.

Commercial and financial

Illustrated, literary, and miscel-8

82

553

16, 900

42, 5847,000

2, 531, 813

o

22

101

6,500

1,3001,800

145, 505

SportingTechnical and professional 3 3,250

Table XXXVIII.

—

Newspapers in the United States, by Classes—1870—Continued.

Semi-weekly. Weekly. Semi-monthly.

Classes

—

Continued.o

5

.2

o

u©

3

p

o

o

o

3 •

ft

a.2

ou6

115 247, 197 4,295 10, 594, G43 96 1, 349, 820

17353576

30311

3, 565208

540

30, 050305, 88284, 130

327, 550

2, 334, 62829, 250

5, 886, G6S1, 385, 335

58, 500152, 650

4o

85

18

5,2004, 8006,700

42, 200

C6, 500

5

64

100

37, 000

3,1336,700

200, 364

Illustrated, literary, and miscel-

8

406,770

1,171,250

11 46, 400

Table XXXVHL—New,papers in the United States, by Classes—1870—Continued.

Monthly. Bi-monthly. Quarterly.

Classes

—

Continued.

2

p.2

eS

O

O

uo

yA

1

o

5

o

P

.2

.5

«

3

Total 622 5, 650, 843 13 31,650 49 211, 070

53 °44 700 2 6,000 3 7,500Agricultural and horticultural. .. 56

3740

158

460, 070164, 750241, 450

1, 927, 340

::::::: : 1

5

7

1,50017, 400

36, 750

Commercial and financial

Illustrated, literary, and miscel-i

i

i

1,200

10, 000400

Political 6141

1

130

10,1002, 122, 373

15,000465, 060

i 1,000 17 84, 400

Technical and professional 7 13, 050 10 C4, 120

two or three private business firms conducting advertising agencies. The publicationsof two, at least, of these houses have been carefully consulted in the compilation ofthis portion of the statistics of the census. Wherever differences have been found to


Table XXXIX.

—

Xewspiqycrs ofAM Classes, Ijij States and Territories— 1.870-1800-i6C>0.

ALL CLASSES.

Stales'and Terri-tories.

1870 1860 1850

IS

The United States 5871 1, 508, 548, 250 20, 842, 475

AlabamaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticut.DakotaDelawareDist. of Columbia.FloridaGeorgiaIdahoIllinois

IndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusetts ...

MichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire .

.

New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth Carolina . .

.

OhioOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth Carolina . .

.

TennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginia (ft)

WasbingtonWest Virginia (ft)

.

"WisconsinWyoming

423no!

6

50529323397

89926588

25!.i

21195

lil

27!!

10

421251

1225

e:i5

(54

3953:

540

32^

55]

911121047

11414

59190G

9, 198, 98014, 560

1, 824, 86047, 4T2, 756

I, 190, 600

17, 454, 740

85, 904

1, 607, 840

10, 092, 800649, 220

15,539,724200, 200

113, 140, 492

26, 964, 984

16, 403, 380

9, 518, 176

18, 270, 160

13, 755, 690

9, 867, 68033, 497, 778

129,691,26619, 686, 978

9, 543, 656

4, 703, 336

47, 980, 422

2, 860, 6003, 388, 500

2, 572, 000

7, 237, 58818, 625, 740

137,350471, 741, 744

6, 684, 950

98, 548, 814

3, 657, 300241, 170. 540

9, 781, 500

8, 901, 400

18, 300, 844

4, 214, 800

1, 578, 400

4, 055, 30013.3J 9, 578

396, 5004, 012, 400

28, 762, 920243, 300

4051 927, 951, 548.13, C03, 409 2520 426, 409, 978.5, 142, 17'

29491!

12203,

1,

20,

81,

10,

150,

2722'

363,

219,

96,

197,

84,

170,

235,

692,

253,

110,

71,

522,

19,

31,

It,

173,

205,

1,

,561,

64,

,388,

45,

, 419,

82,

80,

225,

55,

14,

71,

143.

G,

54,

343,

1,

105

230830

903750725652800400545

9*750541

542090803130

165690450124

774778

8G880! i

58060d

30091950<i

525

197

SCO30750765050

900952250

2503,90

840

78543385950

93, 595 60 662,741! 34,282

122, 224!

Ill, 78839, 81'-

229, 89;

377, OOOi 7, 250761, 200 !

4, 619

9,555,072' 95,536 46 4,267,932 52,670

010, 776881,100081, 600415, 444

16, 14469, 51015, 500

180, 972

464, 764090,310589, 360565, 540504, 044948, 000333, 278721, 472000, 760606, 596344, 000099, 784741, 464

519, 000

29,

356, 159159, 381

89, 24021, 920

179, 59

120, 650126, 169

122, 244368, 980128, 84832,55488, 737

354, C07

9,750

024, 400

801, 41259,800

930, 884862. 572767, 742074, 640094, 480289. 280654, 840053, 152

855, 808327, 600579, 080772, 568122, 200

10, 798, 670

19,700162, 016

1,150034, 63679, 374

121,68227, 620

, 432, 695

49, 69053, 870

176, 908108, 038

6, 30047, 415!

301, 6222, 350 1

10 42J, 20018 11, 127, 236

10J 319, 80051 4,070,866

1071 5, 102, 276107 4, 316, 82829 1,512,800

7, 500100, 0735,750

64, 155

88, 05063, 138

22, 500

6, 582, 838

12, 416, 2244, 203, 004i

19, 612, 724!

64, 820, 5641

3, 247, 73o|

79, 868

80, 28863, 439

124, 779718,221

1, 752, 5046, 195, 560

30, 55570, 235

3, 067, 55:

4, 098, 67838,800

115, 385, 4732, 020, 564

30, 473, 40758, 968

84, 898, 6722, 756, 9507, 145, 9306, 940, 7501, 296, 924

60, 22644, 5211,150

624, 75635, 252

389, 4631,134

984, 777

24, 47253, 743

67, 672

18, 205!

35 2, 567, 662!

87 9,223,068'

139, 145 46! 2, 665, 487

45,96187, 768

33, 015!

(ft) At 1860 and 1850 Virginia includes West Virginia.

exist between the returns of the assistant or deputy marshals in this particular audthe publications of the houses referred to, inquiry has been made into the reason ofthe excess or dehciency in the census totals, so that, if discrepancies still remain iu anyease, it is because, after full inquiry, the marshal's return has been held to representbetter the facts of the case from the proper point of view of the statistician, or becausedifferent dates have been taken for the returns of the census from those on which thesilastics of the several business houses conducting these inquiries were collected.

It will readily be seen that considerable diiferences might be accounted for betweenstatements of this character, bearing date, respectively, 1st of January, 1870, 1st of

June, 1870, and 1st of January, 1871, without discrediting any one of such statements.

Newspaper enterprises are constantly being started and abandoned in every section of

the United States, both in the form of papers under an entirely new name and inde-

pendent control, and of semi-weekly or weekly issues of long-established journals. It

COMPENDIUM 0FVTHE NINTH CENSUS. 511

T.vuLE X.XXlX.—Xei.c8i>apers of Jll Classes, by Stales and Territories—lH70~l8GQ~16o().

DAILY. TUI-WEEKLY. SEMI-WEEKLY.

18T0; m® 1850

|

1870 1800 1850 1870 1800 1850

r

li

1ft

1

ft O2

ft

a"

.2

5S

ft

a.2

a

5

uV

s9ft 8

.2

(-1

Oa

ft

1

5g

ft

11a

ft

a.2

1

574 2, 601, 547 3871,478,435 254 758, 454 107 155, 105 86 107, 170 115 75, 712 115 247, 197 7, 175, 165 31 53, 511

9 16, 480 !»! 8, 820 6 2, 804 2 700 6 2,886 5 1,708 2 2, 870 1 400 1

3

334

16

1,25094, 100

2, 200

35, 730

j 1 300 .

.

(«)3

1,0002, 300

322 58, 444

1

4 2, 019 4 9, 500 2! 3, 300...... ...1. ......

4 2,700 4

111 19, 100 7 5, 654 ! 4 2, 400 1 800 1 400 6:;::::::::

1

31,600

24, 000

1 3 3,660 4

1

1

3,2943,0002,500

900

3 600 ft

B 32, 910 5 1 9 836 1

22,000

8201

5

4,6001,4003,600

51

3

7,748200938

1

9

1

1

J

3005,100

6002,950

3501,000

1015 30,800 12 18, 650 5 3,504 5 3, 600

1 250\\

V39'..'0

ss1267

7

821

166

3

21

7

7

201

878

264

556

13

123316

1

4

14e

166, 400

42, 30019, 80017, 57031,90034, 39510,70082, 921

231, 62527, 48514, 800

2, 30086, 5556. 9806, 8507,5006,100

225780, 470

11,795139, 7056,350

466,07023,25016, 100

34, 630

2.7003, 190

24, 099160

5, 192

550

23 38, 100' 13 ' 8, 881

7, 7003 1, 6504 i <> r>no

9

~9

11

4

6223

3, 6153,720

"7*237

32, 0883,110

50, 989130, 6404,039

10

3

3441

1

I

1

356

51

1

40, 5702,2001,6501, 8403,500900350

5, 015800

5, 0004, 2003,650

13, 800400500

6

2

2, 936

"695

4

g

2

1, 3751,2503,700

5

1, 0261,600500

nVJ""'1

15j ii

;;

3 2,7506

54

4

7,2134, 4331,9423, 2032,250

333

4

84,1008,500

1

32,0001,850

1 17

8

86

17

84

16

41,0008,141

53, 200169, 60014, 150

2,52415, 37044,550

J' tfi

4 3. 978 1'"

2 6. 146 216

1, 60041, 484

j -•it

3

12, 4009,000

14

340,7009,150

U 19, 904 21.

32,5007,800

4

4

1,5731,750

3 2,400 1 5,000 aM5 10, 905 <>5

••<,

1 1,000 ">7

2 950 ;,«,.

:>r„

18, 510 7,017 'id

3?

74

8

24

20.3

g

8

487, 3403,550

84, 560800

233, 55010,3001, 600

11, 3005,360

51 206, 2223

8

5,800800

13, 560

1

8

18, 900200

4,212

8

510

4,9752, 6566,718

225114, 5005,7507,200

104

4

58, 871

2, 1623,500

13 29,965 3233

26 46, 083 3435

245

&

162, 635

5,70516, 35714, 218

3 10,000 1 3,900 2 500:i

17, 7001,200

3

1

9,8002,000

1

2600242

3G

374

29,6002,300

. 2, 450

4

7

3

6,2004,5099,288

5

23, 521

1, 7073h

1

3

1,000

2,900

r<-!0

...! 41

2

15

75044, 400 15

55516, 104

ll 2 2ft0 -!'>

"1

1

2

4,800600550

3,200

5 2,750 12 9,080 8 7,033 li 21, 212 1'-:

4445

14, 125 8 3,220 4 1,271 3 6,850 ,.u;

47

(a) No number reported.

is easy to see that a spirited business house, intent upon obtaining intelligence of thefirst movement of any enterprise of this kind, would be apt to hear of the beginningof such efforts more promptly than of their abandonment, and might embody in its

annual statement many peripdicals which it would not be desirable to include in thestatistics of the census.

A second reason for discrepancies between the census tables and the statements pre-

pared by private advertising agencies, is found in a different point of view, which is

necessarily taken in treating the material for such tables for statistical purposes fromthat occupied by advertising agencies. There are very considerable numbers made ofissues in every part of the country, of which it is an open question whether they areproperly to be classed as newspapers or not, such as trade circulars, real-estate circu-

lars, periodical prospectuses, sheets intended for gratuitous distribution at places ofamusement, and a dozen other forms of advertisement, more or less disguised under a


Table XXXIX.

—

Newspapers of All Classes, oy States and Territories—1870-1860-1850-Continued.

States and Terri-tories.

WEEKLY. SEMI-MONTHLY. MONTHLY.

1870 I860 1850 1870 1S50 1870

2 p

6a3to

.

0'

.2

3

5s

to

3p

6

r-a

5

A

1

u5

u

|to

a.2

5

O

3.

to

3*

ci

5

TheUnited States.. 4295 10, 594, 6-13 3173 7, 581, 930 1902 2, 944, 6291

96 1, 349, 820 95 487, 645 622 5, 650, 843

1 761

48140

9

433

121220734

364233196786875476915317479

92225~~6

305

37954

51844

2992638519

42

65

89

a

43

69

1C

48

16C

4

71,175280

26, 280288, 603

9,550107, 395

1, 65213, 600

' 41, 9009,425

88, 837

1, 900890, 913239, 342187, 84071, 393

137, 93039, 970

114, 600127, 314899, 465192, 88979, 97860, 018

342, 36112,20022, 4002,850

75,819120, 670

1,3003, 388, 497

43, 325923, 50230, 400

1, 214, 39543, 95044, 000

117, 022

45, 3008,400

56, 200

75, 488

4, 525

42, 39C

266, 00C

1,400

77 74, 289 48 29,020 1 75093 Arkansas 37

8938, 812

131, 2499

37,2502,600

4171

2,00082, 2001,000

56, 400

4 1 300f\

6 Connecticut 37 68, 436 30 40,7X6 2 9007

R 104

1973

12, 85026,00011,600

127, 322

89

37

6,90072, 4895,550

50, 188

1

62,000

13, 5009 District of Columbia.10

11 700 6 9,525 6 21, 9501°

13 23816011224

647052491451034565

143

282, 997134, 60076, 94520, 270

123, 947• 77,800

95, 510

62, 898778, 68092,64830, 03065, 867

277, 357

84

25

68 76811 107, 9009, 2003,400

3 l pftft 72

2853

1

8

8

4816

5523

490, 80864, 1503,9506,000

19, 700500

42, 840

18, 600462, 15027, 10011,8002, 800

53, 050

n 56, 16817, 750

63

1 2,000i".

16

17 38373954

12647

58,71231, 66755, 88760, 887

391, 75232, 418

8 6,7061^1° 1 70090 1

3

3

2,0002, 5755,600

SI Massachusetts 11

245, 2001,300

"3

'M 4645

28, 98246, 280

23

70022, 000ffi

l >6 Montana07 12 7,750 4 1,850"8

29SO

New Hampshire 20702

36657

26012

297193561792

28103

4

19,700131, 506

1, 150

2, 600, 92565, 612

805, 810

14, 820700, 961

35, 990

41, 070101, 83990, 615

6,30044, 665

189, 360

2,350

3543

1

30840

201

2

201

12

27

3C

...28

58, 42636, 544

400753, 96029, 427

256, 4271,134

526, 14218,52527, 19041,14714, 837

1 25,000 1

1

96

23

(550

960750

71,0003,169

74, 235

( 67, 000

46, 800SI New Mexico?9 21

1

8

216, 300

1, 25065, 050

163

3

47

5

73

e

3

8

2, 920, 8101,900

228, 750

9, 000846, 750

13, 65010, 000

54, 200

3334

North CarolinaOhio

'^

3637

PennsylvaniaIihode IslandSouth Caroliua

11 825,100 1£ 290, 500

38 5 4, 2753'* 1

1

15,00030010 Texas

'11 Utah 1

1

If

g

3

9

25012, 00027, 9001,5003,200

22, 185

40 3C

5f

41,20648, 43443 4 4,520 3 11,150

44 "WashingtonWest Virginia4"

2

3, 1001,9004( 130 111,400 3i 26, 846

47

show of presenting news or criticism to the public. Many of these are adapted in avery high degree to the purposes of advertisement, and are, therefore, most properlyto be included in the lists of such agencies as those referred to, yet very many of themmust be excluded from the tables of the census.The law requires this report of newspapers and periodicals, on account of their rela-

tion to the moral, social, and intellectual condition of the people. To swamp this

class of statistics by inconsiderately admitting hundreds of prospectuses, circulars, andadvertising sheets, which can possibly have no such relations, would be undoubtedlyan abuse. At the same time this subject has been treated liberally, and every period-

ical has been admitted to these tables which could establish a reasonable claim to beconsidered as Avithin the purview of the census act.


Table XXXIX.—Newspapers of Aft Classes, by States and Territories—1870-1860-1850-Continued.

Monthly—Continued. 1 bi-monthly. QUARTERLY. ANNUAL.

18(50 1850 1870 1850 1870 1800 1S50 1800 1850

1

3

oi 3

g

O|

6

o1

o

53

3

«

o

a

|

3•2

p

5 ft

3o

cr

ouO

8

4

3

o

5

280

3

3,411,959 1001

'

740,651 13 31, 050 5 8, 200 49 211,070 30 101,000 .» 25, 875i

16807,750 47, 500

7, 200 ! .J -1

|.... 35 34* GOO 2 4,500 I

1 500i

1

|

i 500 1,150 1 1,200 1 1,350 2 7. 100 2 a2, 200 67

! R

1 3,000 q

1013 29, 500 1 1,000 n

.... T>17 31, 100

1 4, 300

3, 400

7 12, 267 2 11, COO6, 000

750

3 12, 0C0 1 225 V!

214

2 1, 050 1 700 1r.

Ifi

5 31, 4001

1

293

12, 2002, 5007,700

113,100

10, 300

1fl

C 18, 540 1 1,500 ( n,

9036

3

353, 100

3,9004 7,000 9 11, 400 6 21, 500 7 6,000 1 3,000 3 45,000 PI

o...

,.;,,

''I

11 24, 300 7 1 1, 300 1 1,500 1 3,000 '>-,

9fi

1 1,000 07;>••

3 1,150 9l*»

3 10,000 1 1,000 '-(0

^\

694

41

(6)og

1

34

4

k. 045, 0007,850

21 8," 8504. 000

1,4004, 500

43, '700

2, 775

36 552. 484 1!) 135, 120 10 57, 600 3 0,150 6 766, 000 '•;-»

:vi

o 2,700 g 7,900 1 6, 000 31

4,7508, 000

'i1

1 (c)

0,800

V.. 3 'Hi

371

1

1,2001,800

1

2500

3,5002 2,400 3fl

4 10, 600 1 12, 000 sn40

::::i::::::: 4l

1 2, 00043, 900

2! 2, 0001 2,000

4'

1 1, 000 43

44I 4>

3 10, 400 1 1,500 4fi

47""; |"

(a) Also, in Connecticut, one periodical published three times a year, with an annual circulation of 1,500.

(b) No number reported.(c) No circulation reported.

33 c c


Table XL.-—Churches in the United States—1870-1860-1850.

Note.—"Baptist, (other,)" consists of Free-will, German, (also called Dunkers or Tunkers—style"Presbyterian, (other)," consists of Cumberland, Reformed, (Synod of the United States,) Keformed,

Denominations.

1870

All Denominations

Baptist, (regular)

Baptist, (other)

ChristianCongregationalEpiscopal, (Protestant)Evangelical AssociationFriends .

JewishLutheranMethodistMiscellaneousMoravian, (ITnitas Fratruin)MormonNew Jerusalem, (Swedenhorgian).

.

Presbyterian, (regular)Presbyterian, (other)

Reformed Church in America, (late

Dutch Reformed)Reformed Chnrch in the United

States, (late German Reformed).Roman CatholicSecond AdventShakerSpiritualistUnitarianUnited Brethren in ChristUniversalistUnknown, (Local Missions)Unknown, (Union)

63, 082 21, 665, 062 |354, 483, 581

14, 4741, 3553,5782,8872,835815692189

3, 03225, 278

277218990

6,2621,562

471

1,2564,1272251895331

1, 44571926409

12, 8571,1052,8222, 7152,601

641662152

2, 77621, 337

1767

17161

5,6831,388

468

1,1453,806

140182231093760227552

3, 997, 116

363, 019865, 602

1, 117, 212991, 051193, 796224, 66473, 265

977, 3326, 528, 209

6,93525, 70087, 83818, 755

2, 198, 900499, 344

227, 228

431, 7001, 990, 514

34, 5558,8506,970

155, 471

265, 025210, 88411, 925

153, 202

39, 229, 221

2, 378, 9776, 425, 137

25, 069, 69836, 514, 549

2, 301, 650

3, 939, 5605, 155, 234

14, 917, 747GO, 854, 121

135, 650709, 100656, 750869, 700

47, 828, 7325,436,524

10, 359, 255

5, 775, 21560, 985, 566

306, 24086,900

100, 150

6, 282, 6751, 819, 8105, 692, 325

687, 800965, 295

Kemarks.—The Statistics of Churches contained in the following tahles are believedto he substantially exact, and to present a just view of the organization of the several

religious denominations found within the United States and of the accommodation for

public worship afforded by each.

It was not to be expected or desired that the account taken in the census of thechurches of the country should, in all cases, agree with the statements put forth by re-

ligious denominations through their respective official organs. The census has its ownproper point of view, and applies, in some respects, different tests from those knownto the compilers of year-books or registers.

A church to deserve notice in the census must have something of the character of aninstitution. It must be known in the community in which it is located. There must besomething permanent and tangible to substantiate its title to recognition. No onetest, it is true, can be devised that will apply in all cases, yet, in the entire absence oftests, the statistics of the census will be overlaid with fictitious returns to such an ex-tent as to produce the effect of absolute falsehood. It will not do to say that a churchwithout a church-building of its own is, therefore, not a church ; that a church with-out a pastor is not a church ; nor even that a church without membership is not achurch. There are churches properly cognizable in the census which are without edi-

fices and pastors, and, in rare instances, without a professed membership. Somethingmakes them churches in spite of all their deficiencies. They are known and recognized in

the community as churches, and are properly to be returned as such in the census.

On the other hand, there are hundreds of churches borne on the rolls of religious

sects having both a legal title to an edifice and a nominal membership, which nevergather a congregation together, support no ministry, and conduct none of the services

of,religion.

Some of the larger religious denominations, either in consequence of their peculiarorganization or by reason of special efforts, maintain a careful system of reports andreturns, and the statistics of such denominations are accordingly entitled to great con-sideration.


Table XL.— Churches in the United States—1870-1860-1650.

tnetnselves "Brethfen,") Mennonite, Seventh-day, Six-Principle-, and Winebrcnearian.

(General Synod of the United States,) Associated Reformed, and United.

18(50 1850

- — -

1 .2

a; ©Ua ©

©ggS3 ©

© p* ©o p ^i .i

,5 o ,a °,

<\ Ph • O < ^

.71, 009 19, 128, 751 §171, 397, 932 38, 061 14, 234, 825 $87,328,801

11,221 3, 749, 551 19, 799, 378 9, 376 3, 247, 069 11,020,855 1

929 294, 667 1,279,736 187 CO, 142 153,115

2, 068 681,016 2, 518, 045 875 303, 760 853, 386 3

2, 23-1 i)7M, 35 L 13, 327, 511 1, 725 807, 335 8, 001, 995 4

2, 143 847, 296 21,665, COS 1,45939

726

643, 59815, 479

236, 323

11,375,^010

118, 2591, 713, 767

5

""72«" "" 269*084* ""2,"544," 507* 7

77 34, 412 1, 135, 300 36 18, 371 418, COO 8

2,128 757, 637 5, 385, 179 1,231 539, 701 2, 909, 711 9

19, 883 6, 259, 799 33, 093, 371 13, 302 4, 345, 519 14, 825, 070 10

2 650 4, 000 122 36, 494 214, 530 11

49 20, 316 227, 450 344 114, 988 444, 167 1224 13, 500 891, 100 16 10, 880 84, 780 13

58 15, 395 321, 200 21 5,600 115, 100 14

5,061 2, 088, 838 24, 227, 359 4,826 2, 079, 765 14, 543, 789 15

1,345 477, 111 2, 613, 166 32 10,189 27, 550 16

440 211, 068 4, 453, 850 335 182,686 4, 116, 280 17

676 273, 697 2, 422, 670 341 160, 932 993, 780 18

2,550 1, 404, 437 26,774,119 1 222 667, 863 9, 256, 758 19

70 17, 120 101, 170 25 5,250 11, 100 2012 5, 200 41, 000 11 5,150 39, 500 2117 6,275

138, 213

7 500 22264 4,.338* 316

""245' ""138," 067* ""s," 280," 822* 2314

5304,650

215, 11518, 600

1, 778, 31624

664" ""235*219*2, 856, 095 25

i 22 9,425 98, 950 26"i,"366" "*"37i,"899" "'"i'376,"2i2" 999 320, 454 915, 020 27

METHODIST.

Foremost among these is the Methodist Church, wfiich, by reason of its. episcopal

form of government and its scheme of changing periodically the pastors of churches,is always in possession, as nearly as it would he possible to eifect, of the true condition ofits organization in all.parts of the country to a late date. Dead churches are not al-

lowed to encumber its rolls, and consequently the list of its several branches presenttheir exact strength "for duty." This denomination, therefore, affords a high test ofthe accuracy of the returns of the census ; and, notwithstanding that it presents asmuch difficulty in the enumeration as any other, the general correspondence betweenthe statements embodied in the minutes of the annual conferences of the principalbranches of the church, after making allowance for the known strength of certainminor branches which do not publish official returns, and the statistics of the de-

nomination as given in the census, is, taking all the States of the Union together, verydecided. The slight differences that exist are sufficiently explained by differences be-

tween the dates of the returns and by different rules of construction and classification

which would naturally be adopted in doubtful cases by parties acting independentlyof each other.

There are other denominations, one or two, notably the Baptist, of great importance,in which an absence of central control in the government of the churches, and thewant of a thorough system of reports and returns^ deprive church statistics of value.

It is in respect to these, as a rule, that the discrepancies between the claimsof the denomination and the results of the census are greatest. In all suchcases full and searching inquiry has been made ; the recognized authorities of thechurches interested have been freely consulted ; and assistant marshals have beencalled on to explain the discrepancy, and to review their own statements. Hundredsof letters have been written from the Census Office on this subject ; thousands ofchurches have been inquired for ; and where differences, after all has been done,still exist, it only remains to be said that if this or that denomination has as manychurches as it claims, the agents of the census have not been al do to find them.


Table XLL—Churches of All Denominations—1870-1860-1850.


ALL DENOMINATIONS.

The United States

.

AlabamaArizonaArkansasCalifornia :.-.--.

Colorado ,* ...

Connecticut i

Dakota I

Delawarej

District of Columbia .1

Florida "|

Georgia I

IdahoIllinois —

\

Indiana|

IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesota :

Mississippij

MissouriMontana

j

Nebraskaj

Nevadaj

New Hampshire 1

New Jersey\

New Mexico j

New Yorkj

North Carolinaj

Ohio I

Oregon''

PennsylvaniaTthode Island ,

South Carolinaj

Tennessee- '

Texas|

UtahjVermont

Virginia -..'

Washington '

!

West Virginiaj

WisconsinWyoming !

18T0

38, 558, 371

£« I

<)9{»i 992

9, 658484, 471

560, 24739, 864

537, 45414, 181

125, 015131, 7001S7, 748

1,184,10914, 999

2, 539, 8911,080, 037

!

1, 194, 020364, 399

1,321,011726, 915626, 915783, 894

1,457,3511, 184, 059439,706

j

827 922 I

1,721,' 295|

20, 595S

122,993j

42,491 i

318,300 i

906,096 i

91,874j

4,382,759j

1,071,361 !

2,665,260 !

90,923 i

3,521,951j

217,353j

705, 606|

1,258,520j

818,579;

86, 786'

330,551;

1, 225, 163!

23, 955 I

442,014 ;

1,054,6709, 118

j

>, 459 63, 082 21, GG5. 062 $354, 483, 581

2, 0954

1,371643

82617

267111420

2,87315

4, 2983,6982,763

5302, 969

638

1, 3281,4201, 8482.239'877

1,8293,229

15 I

181!

. 32 !

633 l

1,402j

158

5, 0272.6836,488 I

220j

5, 984295

j

1, 457 !

3, 180 i

843j

165 i

699|

47\

1,5291, 864 !

12 !

1,958j

4i

1,141|

47|

902I

10

112390

2, 69812

3, 459j

3,106|

1,446301

2, 696599

1, 104

1, 3891,7641,415

5821,800

2, 08211

10819624

1. 384152

5, 4742,4976, 284

1355,668283

1, 308

2, 842647164744

2, 40536

1, 0181, 466

12

510, 810

2, 4C0264, 225195. 55817, 495

338, 7352,800

87, 89963, 65578, 920

801,1482, 159

1,201,4031, 008, 380

431,709102, 135878, 039213, 955376, 738499, 770

882, 317456, 226158, 266485, 398691, 520

3, 85032, 2108,000

210, 090573, 30381,560

2, 282, 876718, 310

2, 085, 58639, 425

2, 332, 288 !

125, 183491, 425

878, 524199,10086,110

270, 614765,127

6, 000297, 315423, 0153,500

2,414,51524, 000

854, 9757, 404, 235

207, 23013, 428, 109

16, 3001, 823, 950

3, 393, 100426, 520

3,501,95518, 200

22, 664, 28311,942,2275, 730, 3521, 722, 7009, 824, 4654, 048, 5255, 200, 853

12, 038, 65024, 488, 2859, 133, 816

2, 401, 750

2, 360, 8009, 709, 358

99, 300380, 000212, 000

3, 303, 78018, 347, 150

322, 621C6, 073, 7552, 487, 877

25, 554, 725471, 100

52. 758, 3844, 117, 2003, 276, 9824, 697, 6751, 035, 430

674, GOO

3, 713, 5305, 277, 368

62, 4501, 835, 720

4, 890, 78146. 000

Ail analysis of the reports of certain religious denominations, however, i3 sufficient

to explain the discrepancies to the vindication of the census, without further investi-

gation. It is generally found that the aggregate reported by the authorities of the de-

nomination is made up of two classes : first, ofchurches from which reports have been re-

ceived up to a recent date, showing an actual organization and an active membership,with church accommodation and a ministry : and, second, of churches, often more nu-merous, which are deficient in one or all of these respects, in degrees ranging frompartial or temporary deprivation to total and habitual destitution, In such cases, thestatistics accompanying almost invariably cut in between the highest and lowestfigures of the denomination ; take in all tho churches that are fully officered, organ-ized, and equipped, and add to this number such of the second class as, in spite of de-

Jiciencies, answer to the true definition of a church from the point of view of the cen-

sus, viz, are institutions in the community known and recognized.


Table XLl.—ChurcJies of All Denominations—1970-1860-1850.

ALL DENOMINATIONS.

1860,

i85a

1

.8I

l

-2

! |oa £ 1 o

Olo

o Bi

"3 ' a r;

=ow o

1 . u oo

§*'

W -1 (hi

o

087, 328, 80154, 000 19, 12?, 751 0171,397,032 38, 061 14,234,825

1, 87.") 550, 404 1 , 030, 400 1,373 430, 605 1,131,016I

1, COS 216,103 468, 130 1 362 60, 226 80,315 :«

203 07,721 1,853,340 28 10,200 267, 800\

802 374, 686 6, 354, 205 734 307, 200 3, 555, 104I1

ago 68, 560 R46, 150 180 55, 741 3 10, 345 8

63 50, 040 050, 450 46 34, 120 363, 000 9

319 68, 090 284, 300 177 "

44, 060 165,400 10

2, 303 763, 812 2,440,301 1,862 627, 197 1,260,350 11

2, 424 708, 346 6, 800, 810 1, 223 486, 576 1,482,185 13

2, 033 1,047,211 4, 065, 274 2, 032 700, 655 1,520,585 N940 256,801 1, 670, 190 103 43, 083 177, 425 15

072,170

32, 650

778, 025143,050

3, 028, 620

•

16

1, 845 671,053 2, 252, 448 17

572 206, 190 3, 160, 360 306 100,615 1,782,470 IS

1,167 370,814 2,880,005 945 321,167 1, 725, 845 10

1,010 377, 022 5, 516, 150 909 370,465 3, 047, 884 20

1, 636 757, 005 15, 303, 607 1, 475 601, 823 10, 206, 184 21

807 250, 794 2, 334, 040 '300 '

' 120, 1 17 723, 600 22260 60, 06,0 478, 200 3 100 900 23

1,441 445, 965 1,633,265 1,016 204, 104 755, 542 241, 577 500, 616 4, 500, 767 ' 880 251, 063 1,561,610 25

63 7,010 42, 715 an

i

!*^8

681 231,3.63 1,013,602 020 237, 417 1 , 405, 786 20

1, 123 461, 706 7, 762, 705 813 345, 733 3, 680, 036 30100 70, 400 420, 460 73 28, 650 01, 109 31

5, 287 2, 155,828 4, 134 1,913,854 21, 134, 207 32

2, 270 81 1 , 423 1, 000, 227 1, 705 572, 024 005, 553 33

5,210 Lj 066. 678 12, 088, 312 3, 936 1 , 457, 204 5, 703, 000 34

10, 230 105,605 9 3, 133 76, 5205, 337 2,112,020 22,581,470 3, 566 1,574,873 11,580,115 36

310 147, 520 3, 308, 350 228 101,210 !. 254, 4001,267 1,182 400, 450 38

2,31! 728,661 2, 558, 330 2,014 625, 505 1,216, 101 30

1,034 271, 196 1,095,254 341 03,575 4it

21 12,950 888, 70!) 4, 200 51 , 000 41

500 23 1 534 1,216.125 42

3, 105 1, 067, 840 5, 450, 605 2, 383 850, 436 2, 85G, \>:r,

12 4, 775 55, 200 4-1,

1,070 203, 699 1,973,302 365 353, 900 4.;

47

1

BAPTIST. '

The discrepancies "between the returns of the census and the statistics of the churchare greatest in the case of the Baptists.

The census of 1860 showed 11,221 " churches." (a)

The census of 1870 shows 14,474 church organizations ; the increase in tl\c decadebeing certainly as large as could have heen expected. The statistics of the church, how-ever, purport to show 17,535 churches in 1870 in the territory Covered by the operationsof the census, {'(),) a difference against the census of 3,061. But reference to the sta-

tistics of the same church shows that in 1869 only 14,084 churches were claimed, exclu-

sive of the States of Delaware and Ehodc Island, the District of Columbia, and certainTerritories; adding in the number claimed in 1870 for the States an< I Territories notreported in 18(59, to wit, 91, we have as the total churches in 1869, 14,175, (c) or 299 less

than the census.


Table XLIL— Churches, Fifteen Selected Denominations—-1870.

BAPTIST. .CHPvISTIAN.


wa.2

1to

5

c303

fcfl

.2-^

w

>>-g©o

©

i

io

02

fed

.9

The United States

.

15, S29 13, 962 4, 360, 135 $41, 608, 198 3,578 2,822 865, 602 $6, 425, 137

789 •772 190, 200 536, 650 19 19 5, 750 10, 050Arizona .'

473605

11628

16127

1,3692

72262035292

1,0042274809728636694665805

397444

120

103, 80010, 775

85545, 150

196, 325271, 60011,090

1, 378, 400

9030

4

0522

14, 600

6,380

38 12534, 160

4 750 6,500Dakota

7

16123

1,312o

5715211655696220836792

295232~50

652518

2,9508,775

21, 100

389, 165175

181, 454152, 37550, 69018, 540

288, 93656, 140

117, 18920, 730

139, 03574, 100

12, 435174, D70145, 360

131,666273, 00053,460

1, 125, 6502,000

2, 601, 6121, 137, 325

668, 900247, 900

2, 023, 975346, 500

1, 240, 967149, 600

3, 330, 9981, 066, 430

159, 500582, 325

1, 095, 708

District of Columbia. .

.

^Florida1 1 400 5, 000

34 33 10, 285 60, 050Idaho

35045511335490

1

445

31386

30394

1

9

2513774816

4361

205

31186

28229

85, 175122, 77515, 7504,550

141, 585800

4, 9221,8509,6754, 625

1, 5507,325

68, 545

621, 450810, 875124, 45045 300

IowaKansasKentucky 1, 046, 075

3,00042, 20028, 000

128, 44051, 550

Maryland.

MichiganMinnesota 7,450"Mississippi 50, 850

514, 700

26 15 5,400 64, 800 4 1,550 14, 500

INew Hampshire 184168

1

902985713

• 28630109523987275

172168

1

87993870216

589107471918211

51, 92563, 113

300333, 086249, 765202, 870

4,750288, 310

34, SS6191, 550255, 37661, 700 •

659, 500

2, 396, 900800

7, 602, 275583, 285

2, 758, 50029, 200

3, 695, 300877, 400690, 482860, 075196, 540

1910

1910

4,6003,430

42, 40054, 000

9566

6812697122

20318

9560

610166912

16717

28, 17516, 200

167, 6254,400

27, 5003,050

_ 20055, 4554,450

224, 850

24, 377

1, 366, 99025, 000

North CarolinaOhioOregonPfiTiTisylvnin'n, 584, 100

33, 500South Carolina 400

244,625Texas 11, 650Utah

131849

3325212

1

130793

43, 245256, 830

506, 7C0

1, 345, 04814

1004

3613

14881

235

4, 35029, 225

2506,4001,450

31,20092, 170

6002*3142

1

62, 85042, 980

300

200, 855505, 623

4,000

37, 5509,000

If, therefore, tlie statement 6*1 17,535 churches for 1870 is correct, there must haveheen a clear addition of 3,360 -in the single year intervening, which would he consider-

ably more than the entire addition claimed for the nine years previous, (2,954,) whichis wholly unreasonable and incredible.

Proceeding, however, to analyze the aggregate of 17,535, we find that from only 12,600churches were reports received during the year from which the statement is made up.

For 3,273 the figures were taken from the report of the year previous, in the absenceof any later advices ; and, for 1,662 more, estimates had to be made, in the absenceeven of returns a year old.

It will be seen here, as has been above indicated, that the census cuts in between thehighest claim of the denomination and the number for which positive data can beshown. And in this the census conforms in an eminent degree to the reason of thecase, inasmuch as it must be that many of the churches unreported are still in exist-

ence, possessing sufficient activity to justify their return by the assistant marshals,while many undoubtedly have, in the natural course of things, ceased to keep up evena form of life.


Table XLIL— Churches, Fifteen Selected Denominations—1870—Continued.

CONGREGATIONAL. EPISCOPAL, (PROTESTANT.)


to

1SI

1

o

o

(3

.9

C/2

>>

y

o

1

mao

n"oafco

o

§5 X*

The United States . 2,887 2, 715 1, 117, 212 $25, 069, 698 2,835 2,601 991, 051 $36, 514, 549

4 2 650 7,300 50 38 15, 520 264, 600

15459

1392291617356

1054958143836251531071006433832155

21128

347577

1149

23842833332233185

421823

13388

1472

271613274

S738389

35322315599795433511

123

22122

3,69513, 0952,000

50, 962350

8,9756,6804,600

10, 080600

30, 39510, 3009, 5843,280

15, 80017, 1008,975

61, 48046, 24526, 75014, 5958,650

20, 950700

3,5001,1007,475

34, 800

43, 450398, 20046, 040

3, 275, 5344,000

246 850

404

2901

364

3601

11,9151,050

133, 175200

282, 40028, 200

4, 728, 700

5,000

Colorado

District of Columbia. .

.

Florida

o 1 1,800 115,000 563, 50071 100

10 10 2,800 16, 550 307 2004,000

1, 426, 300492, 500192, 86257, 500

570, 300160,800280, 213

1, 594, 8002, 304, 435

911 250

21218

18743

18812

12526

66, 1374,800

33, 9258,350

1, 867, 800119,900529, 570152, 000

Indiana ,

Iowa

9

231.1

50015657

37

9219

4, 65083, 985

56, 2001, 401, 736

50211439

127

269, 31438, 32011, 400

30012, 295

6, 293, 327742, 200143,200

1,200235, 700

400, 500203, 000485, 6505,50031,00030, 000

10 1 2,050 38, 500

New Hampshire 169 172 67, 951 1, 150, 380 203, 8002, 586, 000

2G81

1988

40271

3

1

2561

1957

36271o

1

111, 785150

87, 150

2,30014, 45015, 500

300525500

2, 732, 5001,500

1, 385, 58549,500

318, 200620, 00010, 00014, 100

5,000

46568

1128

23439813131234177

319703

204, 29022,95551, 1501,800

94,18217, 15535, 35012, 940

11, 400460

11, 22360, 105

5007,355

21,200750

7,211,150403, 450

1,343,28053,200

6, 703, 067' 735, 100

ZNortli CarolinaOhioOregon

South Carolina 729, 600269, 573109, 40030,800Utah .

Vermont 183 183 75, 925 1, 054, 400 348, 100843, 210

o 1 250 5,000 7,6501G6, 500

1571

1401

44, 960300

619, 5504,000

389, 58510, 000

Going down from the total of the United States to the total for States, (still withinthe same denomination,) wo find an even clearer explanation of the same facts. Thediscrepancies are mainly in the Southern States, where the conditions of society, es-

pecially among the freedmen, are such as would account for even larger differences

than exist. In Alabama the census reports hut 786 ; the church statistics claim 1,054

;

hut from only 489 of these were reports actually received during the year for whichthe returns were made up ; 445 were taken from the report the year previous, and L20

were obtained purely by estimate. In Arkansas the census reports 463 ; the churchstatistics claim 539 ; but only 122 of these were obtained from the reports of the year1870, 235 were taken from the report of 1869, and 182 were obtained by estimate. InN.orth Carolina the census reports 951 ; the church statistics claim 1,235; but of theseonly 587 are obtained from reports of the year, 228 from reports of the year previous,and 420 by estimate. In Georgia the census reports 1,364 ; the church statistics claim1,946; but in 1869 only 1,478 were claimed, while the minutes of tbe State BaptistConvention, held at Cartersville, April 21 and 24, 1871, show but 1,738, included inwhich are 225 taken from the minutes of 1869, 59 taken from the minutes of 1868, and250 taken from the minutes of conventions held before the war. The comparisonmight be carried through all the Southern States with much the same results.


Table 2XII.

—

Churches, Fifteen Selected Denominations—1870—Continued.

K\'ANGELICAL ASSOCLVTIQ2J. FKIENDS.


oi

o

"a

5

<voera

§0a s

©

o5

a.2

Hm

1fcD

o

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to

|03

1

1

The United States . 815 C41 193, 796 %% 301, 650 692 GG2 224, 664 $3, 939, 560

1 1 200 5,000 2 o 500 16, 000

2 3 350 1,500

82

81

3,425160

64, 600District of Columbia. .

.

Florida1 1 800 20, 000 15, 000

GeorgiaIdahoIllinois 58

473225

40111

5

20, 17610, 925

2, 400300

3,0C0

329, 650124, 60022, 8006,000

150, 000

81827

4

7660

1, 00029, 50017, 0751,600

13, 400263, 80O

Iowa 325,800. 13,300

Maine ...: '"..:

Maryland 3 3 1,000 45, 500 222910

21298

7,4407,9502,600

151, 70091, 680

1520

11

102,3503,875

24, 60024, 100

8, 850

Missouri 5 5 1,800 15,000 2 2 500 2, 000

5 3 eoo 7,-00J

NevadaNew Hampshire 13 13

633,585 15,- 500

New Jersey

25 25 7,300 228, 350 892891

872791

24, 91011, 25026, 050

596, 30021, 485Horth Carolina

Ohio 1572 - o

233

33, 500550

80, 545,

338, 500

9, 300712, €00

218, 770

PennsylvaniaRhode Island

114171

5

118171

4

43, 7255,514300

1,900

1, 764, 70058, 600

TennesseeI

4,800

Utah !

i

12 131,2804, 925

6, 1U0

1 35, 6251

2179

1

88300

24, 1751,000

237, 453 2 o

1

The least impartial consideration of the above facts must convince any one that in

the aggregates of this denomination, in the Southern States especially, are includedlarge numbers of congregations ' ; in the bush/' properly, it may be, to be reported froma denominational point of view, but hardly to be returned in the census, while thereare also included many churches which have been destroyed by the violence of war, orhave been merged with other organizations of the same church, or have fallen intohopeless decay, in the natural course of human institutions.The only one of the Southern States where comparison between the statistics of the

census and those of the church, and an analysis of the latter according to the planabove pursued, would induco the belief that the returns of the census, as between thetwo, were in fault, is the State of Texas, where the conditions attending the recent

enumeration were so unfavorable, so almost hopeless, as to prevent the collection of

social statistics in any degree satisfactory to the Census Office. The same admissionof a failure to fully return the Baptist denomination might seem, at first glance, to berequired (though in nothing like the same degree) in respect to the State of Virginia;

but a comparison of the results in this State with those for West Virginia establishes

the soundness of the statistics of the two States taken together, and justifies the sug-

COMPENDIUM OF THE NINTH CENSUS.

Table XLII.

—

Churches, Fifteen Selected Dcnomihations—1870—Continued.

521

LUTIIE3AN". SIETilODIST.

States and Territories. .2

"n

5

03tc=1

02 fn

.2

o

mo

o

The United States. 3, 032 ° 77G 977,™ $14,917,747 25, 278 21, 337 6, 528, 209 $69, 854, 121

'

I 991 892 218, 9-!

5

787 205

Arkansas6 G

1, 025

5, 35010, 00054, 0C0

58'3j

485184 155

91,89043, 0353,815

03, 975500

51,92120, 860

42, 600'

327, 343

270, 850677, 025

14184

517333

2351, 248

13188

1

16630

2151,158

50, 8001,834,025

1 200ConnecticutDakota

4

31

10

31

10

1, 240900300

3,700

23, 5002, 1005, 000

223, 000781 , 000

District of Columbia - -

Florida.815,600140,700

1,073,03011 10 3,000 57, 100

23019579

9

31

88

9013510

...,

94.

20718045

31

841

81

9710£6

74, 301C2, 28512, 285•1,400

1,6501, 650500

40, 915450

23, 15023, 325

2, 45039, 550

1, 043, 470019, 000

113,95012, 50010, 00028.00:)

'800

875, 10020, 000

360, 650222, 15012,300

708, COO

1, 4261,403982160978213327771297864225787

1, 066

50

118518

1

1, 745

1, 193

2, 10197

1, 28033Gil

1,339355

2180

1,01116

879508

1,1241, 121

49274

818202264757290409100770020

5

307

118518

1

1, 7021,0782, 115

491,271

30532

1,155244

1

18490112

552396

o

357, 073340, 125

142, 055

23, 525

244, 918

52, 99082, 530

231,530117,325140, 290

26, 890208, 203185, 420

1, 45010,150

36,351196, 800

300600. 098330, 045714,14015, 100

440,40314, 605104,050330, 433

09, 100300

GO, 325270,617

2, 200152,805103,240

COO

5, 205, 620Indiana 3,291,427

1 490 220316 600

1 854 505Louisiana 351, 775

885 2373, 220, 0502, 904, 1002, 350, 900

Massachusetts

MinnesotaMississippiMissouri

337, 550854, 475

1,045,30016,800113,400[Nebraska 14 2,000 27, 900

475 000New J crsey 19 19 C, 750 111,500 4, 493, 650

1 50019073

4771

9041

49

23

18270

4761

8411

• 442221

20, 13323, 290131,050

300339,128

4001 7, 9009,8757, 650

1, 500, 50096, 550

1, 392, 97515, 000

6, 474, 0221 , 500

137.45027, 6G4

47, 900

11,768,290775 805

OhioOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth Carolina.

6,540,910113, 400

7, 510, 675371,300652,100

1 500 153TexasUtah

251,1401, 200

884, 530Virginia SO 73 25, 350 160, 800 1,449,505

21,650West. Virginia"WisconsinWyoming

171

21150

7, 30036, 780

93, 300302, 860

723,015973,018

8,000

gestion that the officers charged with the compilation of these statements for denomi-national purposes have, not unnaturally, failed to divide the churches accuratelybetween the old and the new State.

CONGREGATIONAL.

In respect to the Congregational Church, again, the difference between the statistics

of the census and those of the denominational organs is decided, though by no meansso extreme, as this denomination has never extended its agencies southward with anyconsiderable success. The denomination claims 3,121 ; the census allows 2,887. Inthis case the difference is partially accounted for (probably to the extent of between50 and 60) by the later date (within the same year) of the' statistics of the denomina-tion. The remaining difference is explained by such facts as those contained in the"Annual Statistics" of the Congregational Quarterly for January, 1871. Nine hundredand three churches only are there stated to havo settled pastors ; 1,438 have "actingpastors;" 129 are supplied by licentiates and ministers of other denominations; and651 are " vacant." The differences in respect to this denomination are found mainlyat the West, where the large number of churches without either a stated ministry or


Table XLII.

—


PRESBYTERIAN. REFORMED CHURCH IN AMERICA.(Late Dutch Reformed.)

States and Territories. _©

N-

'3

Safi

F-i

o

CO CDto

CO

&c

ao

Sao

6

COcp

eg

The United States. 7,824 7,071 2, 698, 244 •§53, 265, 256 471 463 227, 228 §10, 359, 255

202 200 67, 615 359, 700

1G1796

131595

10

33, 600

21, 7981, 200

3, 875

179, 125453, 05021,800

195, 300 1 2 1,300 100, 000

321329134

1

59537537594

30.1

37

321529123

13, 3759,2506, 620

49, 575

384, 500405. 50070, 310

553, 525

52335722262

23534

184, 849

128, 96064. 89022, 810

100, 75014, 100

3, 637, 6252, 078, 100

962, 325302, 400

1, 292, 400185, 450

14

4

14

4

4,880500

1. 500

150, 2008, 200

25. 000

7713

18776

262476

1014260

258319

32, 4155,700

48, 92516, 95671, 100

103, 350

1, 279, 550257, 325

1, 124, 400275, 000470, 200

1, 385, 750

1 1 600 15,000

20 24o

8,700500

120,150Minnesota 4,000

•

24

7251

1

72620479220

1,0281

556101

1

9

2043

89983

9

2511

70520179016

1, 0031

51284

3, 125

3,170128, 200

250349, 870

77, 155293, 945

5, 675

423, 850500

188, 97027, 600

48, 300 .

65, 0003, 623, 025

7,00013, 431, 040

395, 4754, 145, 728

44, 20012, 114,450

10, 000

1, 258, 335142, 600

60025, 200

837, 4505, 50G

328, 050308, 07012, 000

~Nevr HampshireNew Jersey 97 99- 54, 800 2, 540, 825

304 300 147, 033 7, 076, 250

Ohio 2 2 700 9, 500

10 10 5,300 298,000

South Carolina 300 4,000

Utah9

2003

76S63

3, 356

70, 065600

27,32023. 930

750

1 1 100 350

5 5 1,015 7,780Wyoming

a "supply," and the large number, also, (often the same churches,) without edifices

of their own, afford ample scope for the operation of different rules of construction asto what constitutes a church for census purposes.The most important discrepancy between the statistics of the denomination and

those of the census, within any of the Eastern States, is in the State of Pennsylvania,where the agents of the census report 40 church organizations. The CongregationalQuarterly claims 70; 6 only, however, having settled pastors, 31 having " acting pas-tors," and 33 being " vacant." In the case of 13 of the churches thus reported by thedenomination, the Census Office received positive information from the postmasters ofthe towns or villages where they were said to be severally located that no such churcheswere in existence. Of the 17 remaining to be accounted for, the Census Office has beenable to obtain no information of any kind through correspondence.In Kentucky, again, the "Quarterly" claims three churches. The returns of the

census show none ; but in response to inquiries addressed to the pastors of 2 of. thechurches claimed by the "Quarterly," the Superintendent was informed that thechurches should be classed, one as "Christian" and t\ie other as "Baptist." Thethird is stated by the "Quarterly" to be located at " Camp Nelson," but, as there is

neither town nor post-office by that name in the State of Kentucky, the inquiry eonld


Tahle XLII.— Churclies, Fifteen Selected Denominations—1870—Continued.

REFORMED CHURCH IN THK UNITEDstates. (Late German lieformed.)

ROMAN CATHOLIC.

Slates and Territories.

wa.2

aN'3

6

a"

8 W©

mR.2

"2cS

o

oeg

i8

tJO

The United States. 1,250 1, 145 431, 700 $5, 775, 215 4,127 3,80G 1, 990, 514 $60, 985, 500

204

1110014444

131110144

2902012103713010332

10319010715427184

5171017

10715245510

29513

36222122136

194

11144-

133438

11

9

114

24920110534

1251023210316214813527

1005

11

10107149453

9

29514

319201321

' 30

0,7302,4005, 250

06, 040

8, 575

20, 418850

0, 000

9, 2503, 950

5,500

130, '900

86, 83057, 28014, 005

72, 55002, 52517, 82202, 280

130, 41502,99142, 3708,250

97, 5501,7002,9353, 2508, 945

45, 40080, 710

271, 2853, 300

100, 7002,750

197, 115

19, 10810,77513, 85010, 000

409 00024 00082 500

California 4, 092 200Colorado 49, 300

1 1.

250 G, 000 1 429, 5004, 000

170, 000District of Columbia. .

.

[Florida1 1 300 8,500 886, 000

90, t-00

294, 550( J-eorgia

Idaho 11,000Illinois 32

34131

3033131

7,1708,8803, 950275

93, 60097, 30046, 0003,000

4, 010, 6502, 511, 7001, 216, 150

513, 2002, 004, 9002, 836, 800

461, 7003, 001, 4003, 581, 0952, 037, 230

755, 000. 165, 8503, 119, 450

77,00034, 900

KansasKentuckyLouisiana 2 2 800 2,000MaineMaryland « 47

19o

423

10

2

19, 980950

2,800400

502,15024, 00024, 7504,500

11 9 1, 900 10, 900MontanaNebraska

113, 000267, 500

New Jersey 6 6 1, 800 17, 000 1, 590, 000New Mexico 313, 321

9

31288

829

266

3,4509, 300

88, 900

134; 00023, 400

887, 700

8, 558, 15064, 100

3, 959, 970North CarolinaOhio

94, 500Pennsylvania 712 057 270, 835 3, 740, 320 6, 075, 050Rhode Island 910, 100

291,500Tennessee 486, 250

264, 200Utah

40191140

3292

40171237

3042

25, 0009,8001,785

10, 800

104, 000800

401, 500Virginia 24 10 5,900 38, 500 343, 750VV ashington 18, 400"West Virginia . .

,

Tv isconsin2

18214

6003, 260

15, 00024, 595

221, 9501, 334, 450

Wyoming 8,000

not be prosecuted. It may be assumed, however, that tbe statement of a church atthat place is founded upon a tradition of some local and temporary organization effectedduring the war at the large and important camp then formed there.

In Arkansas the "Quarterly" reports 2 churches—the census none. For only 1,

however, is the post-office address given by the " Quarterly ; " and a letter addressedto the x>astor of this church was returned to the Census Office by the postmaster, withthe information that no church of the denomination existed in that vicinity. In respectto the other, (which the " Quarterly " admits to be without even a "supply,") no inquirycould be instituted, for the reason that no address was given. Instances of this char-acter could be multiplied, but the foregoing will suffice.

It is not doubted that in some cases confusion has arisen in returning the three de-nominations known in the following tables as Congregational, Unitarian, and Univer-salist, on account of the common use in some sections, and to a limited extent, of theword "Congregational," as expressing merely the form of church government, with-out reference to distinctions of theological belief.

UNIVERSALIS!?.The denomination last mentioned by name is also reported much below the number

claimed by the official organs, by reason probably of the fact that this denomination

524 COMPENDIUM OP THE NINTH CENSUS.

Table X~LII.— Churches, Fifteen Selected Denominations+-1870—Continued.

SECOND ADVJ2X1 • UNITARIAN.

States anil Territories. o

to

©

fee t©

a

§5

'5

fcO

©

oo to

i

The United States 225 140 34, 555 $300, 240 331 310 155,471 $0, 282, 075

I........ "" 1"*' j------------

;::::..:::::::: j |

I

3| 3 300 4, COO 2 2 1,400 151 000

Connecticut 7 7 1, 380 8,700 1 I 225 0, 000

1 1

1

1

1

300400

17, 00030 000

Florida 1

Idaho'

|"

8 5 1,3C0 7,100 231

3o

1

181

1807

17 5, SCO 492, 900

28 10 2, 950 13, 050

!

18»1

1VJ4

715400700

1, 000

9, 185800

98, 30C1,700

19, 00020, 00(1

i

| 75, (Kill

3, 000MaineMaryland

28 13 3,175 13, 050 245, 000150, 000

1221

1

3,4004,840

150

53, 540

44, 5002,100

3, 470, 575

42, 500Michigan

Missouri i ::::::::i:::::::::: :::::::::::: 10 3,200 142, 200

| :i 3 700 4,500

New HampshireNew Jersey

21 20 4, 405 25, 200 231

221

7, 830400

207, 000

New MexicoNew York

...

Ir 11 3, 120 45, 050 22" 19 8,850 715, 200

1 300 1,000

44

1

8

1

441

3,100250

2,0503, 450

750

10, 000Oregon3

17314

7253,370

11, 500

28, 700G8 800

229, OCOSouth Carolina

1

TexasUtah

15 15 4,450 39, 000 4 4 1/900 53, GOO

Washington 1

310

1 40 150 Ii

West Virginia | |

WisconsinWyoming

3 C50 9;000 7 5 1,900 41,000

has a larger proportion of congregations without permanent pastors than any other.Por example : for the 16 Universalist churches reported in Missouri, only 1 pastor is,

according to the New Covenant (a denominational organ) of February 12,1871), whollydevoted to the ministry.Of the 13 Universalist churches reported by the denominational Register and Alma-

nac for 1871 as located in Kansas, only 5 claim to have the use of a church edifice; andof these two are known as " Union." The marshal of the district reports that he canonly locate 1.

The discrepancies between the church statistics and the returns of the census in thecase of the denominations hitherto specifically referred to, are, as will bo seen above,susceptible of explanation.

UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST.

But the discrepancies which exist between the claims of the denomination and thestatements of the census in respect to the church known as United Brethren in Christ,are wholly inexplicable, except upon an assumption of radical and total vice in thestatistics of the church.The denomination claims 3,753 church organizations. The census allows 1,445.

COMPENDIUM Or THE NINTH CENSUS.

Taule XLII.

—


UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. UNIVERSALIS!'.

Slates and Territories.O

O

05

sP3

03

.3

02

S-t

©

•

•

Organizations.

1

03

02

$5, G83, 325The United States. 1, 443 937 2G3, 025 ¥1,819,810 719 002 210; 884

2 530 1, 400

ArkansasCalifornia

""3"*i" "i66 500"

1

1

1

1

200ICO

4003,000

11 15 (5, 850 309, 1C0

Dakota1

1

1 350 4, 000

5 3 900

12518418824

58121

288

17. 99533, 97510,4452, 2C0

i 2(1,800 52 441515

15, 225(i, 300

4,4$)

5 13, 300188,00069, 25031, 500

18351

73, 40099, 523

2 400 5 500

8429733181

0528720

1

2

23, 910

1, 00035, 6275, 5501, 720400900

434, 85032, 500

1, C13, 0003(i

1

095

341

19

12, 100100

4, 225500

233, 500500

40, 800

1, 000Michigan 92, 2d! 1

55, 000800

38 20 5,800 32,000 2,500

4 3

245

23 8, 8121,100

154, 200103, 000

7 c 1,850 10, 200 124 120 41, 610600

20, 750

1, 155, 9507002

781

21

4

3

2

7837010

20 L

3442

183

85, 350500

CO, 860

484, 3101,200

489, 300

175, 950

Pennsylvania 1842

6, 7252,770

850

288, 500220, 00058, 350

7 5 1,066 4,100TexasUtah..'

j

i

CO 60 19, 710 220, 0004239434

3025221

7, 700275

13, 800

23, 3003,200

42, 450

37, 900

Washington4

121

10300

3,1501,000

43, 300

If tlie discrepancy were wholly or mainly confined to one or two States, it mightseem reasonable to charge it to omissions 011 the part of the agents of the census. Buta comparison of the figures of the census with a statement (d) prepared by the agentof the United Brethren Publishing House, at Dayton, Ohio, (the correctness of thestatement being vouched for by one of the bishops of the cburcb,) shows that the claimsof the denomination so greatly exceed the figures of the census in every State in whichit exists in any considerable strength, as to render it in the highest degree improbable,if not morally impossible, that the differences arise from the uniform negligence of theagents of the census in respect to this single church.

It is undoubtedly true that the erroneous application in some sections, and to alimited extent, of the name " German Methodists," would explain the occasional omis-sion of societies properly belonging to this denomination; but the effect of this causeis not believed to have been considerable at the present census.

Something, also, must bo allowed bere—more, perhaps, than with denominationsgenerally— Cor the effect of differing rules of construction as to what constitutes achurch, according us the point of alew of the denomination, or that of the census, is

taken, in dealing with congregations occasionally gathered in school-houses or in pri-vate dwellings.


But after all reasonable allowance on these several accounts has been made, theSuperintendent is compelled, from a careful examination of the subject, involving anextensive correspondence with the agents of the census, as well as with the officers ofthe church in question, to conclude that' the denominational statistics are radicallydefective. In addition to the decided presumption, in favor of the general correctnessof the work of the sworn officers of the Government, to which nothing but assertionhas been opposed by the representatives of the denomination, this conclusion is stronglysupported by two considerations :

First. That the authorities of the denomination admit that they are unable to locatethe churches they claim by towns or even by counties. Had such information beenfurnished, the investigation into the discrepancies existing would not have been droppeduntil the whole body of such differences had been canvassed by the Census Office, atwhatever expense of time and labor. But the absence of anything approaching specific

information regarding the location of these churches not only renders it impossiblesatisfactorily to determine the question at issue, but casts the greatest doubt upon theauthority of the denominational statements.

Second. That the number of church organizations claimed by the authorities of thedenomination bears an extraordinary and wholly unprecedented relation to the num-ber of communicants reported. The Baptists average 80 communicants to a churchorganization: the Methodist Episcopal, 90; the Presbyterians, (North,) 98; the Re-formed Church in America, 132, the highest average attained ; the Evangelical Associ-tion, 74, the lowest. But the -official organs of the United Brethren in Christ claim3,753 churches with only 116,523 communicants, or an average of only 31 to a church.When it is considered that nearly if not quite two-thirds of the communicants ofchurches are, as a rule, women and minor children, we shall have as an average but 10to 12 communicants among the adult males bearing the burden of the support of achurch of this denomination—a most improbable supposition. But if we assume for

the church an average number of communicants equal to that shown by the churchhaving, of all those whose statistics on this subject are available, the smallest number,namely, the Evangelical Association, 74 members, we should have for the 116,523 com-municants of the United Brethren in Christ, 1,575 churches, or only 130 in excess of thecensus. If, on the other hand, we assume for the denomination the average of theReformed Church in America, viz, 132 communicants, we should have but 883 churches,or 562 below the census. If, again, we assume for the calculation the average of eitherthe Baptist or the Methodist Episcopal Church, we should have a result in the first

instance almost exactly coinciding with that exhibited in the following table, and inthe second falling considerably below the number actually allowed by the census to thechurch under consideration.

CHRISTIAN, AND DISCIPLES OF CHRIST.

In respect to two denominations, it is admitted that the census fails to make a dis-

crimination required by the facts of the case. From causes, the remedy for which it

was not within the power of this office to apply, it became necessary to combine thestatistics of the denominations known severally as " Christian " and "Disciples ofChrist." The members of the latter denomination, much the stronger of the two, areso frequently termed '' Christians," iudeed so commonly call themselves by that name,that persons who had not made a study of the subject might readily conclude that thedenominations were one and the same, whereas they are, in fact, distinct in official

name and style, in organization, and in doctrine.As an example, not only of the confusion in the popular mind respecting these two

churches, but also of the negligence of the officers and members of the several churchesin characterizing their own organization and services, it may be mentioned that thereis a church belonging to the " Disciples of Christ," within the city of Washington,which is not only commonly, and, indeed, universally spoken of as the "ChristianChurch," but whose Sunday services are habitually advertised by its own officers inthe public prints as those of the " Christian Church," while the "edifice in which thecongregation worships is inscribed, in conspicuous letters, "Christian Church." It

would be wonderful, indeed, when the error is thus daily made by those who should bemost interested in maintaining the individuality of the two denominations, if theagents of the census had been found to have preserved the distinction.Had each or either of these denominations been mainly confined to a distinct section

of the Union, special efforts might have resulted in an approximate classification of thedata furnished by the assistant marshals. But, in view of the fact that both bodies havetheir greatest strength in the same States, and oftentimes in the same quarter of thesame State, and in view also of the frankly acknowledged inability of the officials ofeach denomination to whom axiplication for assistance was made to render any practi-

cal aid, it was deemed best to follow the precedent established in 1850 and. 1860 ofmerging the two denominations under a single title.


The results hero given are believed to present a fair statement of the eombiuedstrength of the two denominations. *

One of the leading divines of the " Christians " gives the following estimate for that

denomination as a whole in the United States, in answer to the inquiries of the CensusOffice, viz : church organizations, 1,100 ; church edifices, 1,050 ; church accommoda-tion, 100,000 ; value of church property, §735,000.

(a)

berposs _

are returned in answer to the inquiry, "dumber of churches." In preparation for thcKInth Census,this inquiry was divided into " Xuniber of church organizations. Is umber of church edifices."

(b) The statistics of the Baptist Church for 1S70 are presented in their Year-Book for 1871, iu the

form of a summary by States, and, also, to a great extent, in detail, by associations within each State.

Where differences between the total and the Items occur they are supposed to be the result of clerical

errors in the preparation of the summary, or of typographical errors in printing it, and the detailed

accounts have been assumed to bo correct. The total number of churches, as given on page 8J of theYear-Book, is 17,745. An accurate compilation, however, of the details, so far as presented, gives 17,527

churches. To these are to be abided 7 and 16, the numbers returned, iu the summary only, for Dela-

ware and District of Columbia respectively, and 10 for the difference between the total and theitems given for West Virginia, which difference, it is supposed, equals the estimated number of churchesbelonging to the "Free Salvation " and "Indian Creek" associations, not otherwise accounted for,

making a sum of 17,560, from which should be deducted the 25 churches claimed in the Indian Terri-

tory, as outside the field covered bv the operations of the census, leaving 17,535, as stated above.(c) On page 80 of the Year-Book"tke total number of churches for 1869 is stated at 15,143. (See pre-

ceding note.)

(d) Comparative view of the statistics of the United Brethren in Christ, as determined by offi-

cials of the denomination and by the census.

States.

ORGANIZATIONS. EDIFICES. ACCOMMODATION. PEOPEETY. COMMUNI-CANTS..

Church. Census. Church. Census. Church. Census. Church. Census. Church.

Total 3,753 1,445 1, 429 937 466, 936 265, 025 $2, 454, 302 U, 819, 810 116, 525

California 20391634298150

312518418824361

695

384

37010

2017

423

9434

211924843

. 10

39

"'28'

1

5

1

58121288

341

19

20

60034, 95078, 06112, 6003,000

14, 600

10017, 99533, 97510, 4452,200

12, 100100

4,225500

5,800

5,000229, 750269, 66482, 77515, 000

122, 650

500126, 800188, 00069, 25031, 500

233, 500500

40, 8001,000

32, 000

30012, 05220,5886,9913,2272,959Maryland or

MichiganMinnesotaMissouri

18227145

8,700300

1,500

46, 490

2, 0007,500

4,500620

3,063

ISTew YorkOhio

7085642

57513647

12488

14

5316

2805

361

4714

6344

o

1835

30o

5221

3,735156,7201,800

118,1701,500

13, 100400

13, 000

4, 200

1,85085, 350

50060,8601,0007,700275

13, 8005,650

21, 600740. 84012, 000

777, 8428,000

47, 650

2, 00036, 541

27, 000

10, 200484,310

1,200489, 3004,100

23, 3003,200

42, 45037, 9C0

1,36032, 131

787Pennsylvania . .

.

TennesseeVirginiaAVashington.....West Virginia .

.

Wisconsin

18, 586447

2,459186

4,2312, 038

compendium of the ninth . · pdf file324,393 535,679 0,620 3 ... tflelorida i! 4 3,730 12idaho...

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