MADE BYUdit jain

Himanshu jainNavneet yadav

CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION• HISTORY

*DEVELOPMENT*TECHNOLOGY*DECLINE

• ADVANTAGES• DISADVANTAGES• PROVIDERS• COMPARISON

INTRODUCTION

LANDLINE

• A landline telephone (also known as land line, land-line, main line, and fixed-line) refers to a phone which uses a solid medium telephone line such as a metal wire or fiber optic cable for transmission as distinguished from a mobile cellular line which uses radio waves for transmission.

HISTORY

• The invention of fixed line came into existence with the invention of telephone in the year 1876 by an eminent scientist of U.K ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL.

• 26 August 1854 — Charles Bourseul published an article in the magazine L'Illustration (Paris): "Transmission électrique de la parole" (electric transmission of speech), describing a 'make-and-break' type telephone transmitter later created by Johann Reis.

• 6 April 1875 — Bell's U.S. Patent 161,739 "Transmitters and Receivers for Electric Telegraphs" is granted. This uses multiple vibrating steel reeds in make-break circuits.

DEVELOPEMENT

• Alexander Graham Bell's invention was based on the electric telegraph. Several different telephone designs appeared shortly after Bell's, but they were all landlines, connected through transmission wires. Once telephones became common, central operating switchboards appeared in which physical connections were made by operators so that telephone users could talk to one another.

TECHNOLOGY• Landline telephones, from Bell's onward,

operated on the principle of electrical resistance. When a user speaks into a landline phone's handset, he activates a microphone that sends an electrical current through a pair of insulated wires.

• The current follows a physical course, passing through a telephone exchange, where it is re-transmitted to the listener on the other end of the connection and converted to sound. Even "wireless" phones using landline networks employ a physical connection, replacing the cord between the phone and the handset with a radio signal.

DECLINE

• Digital telephone signals were introduced in the 1960s and began to replace analog signals. Cellular networks appeared in the 1970s, using a modem to transmit a telephone signal without the use of a wired network. Cell phones were approved by the Federal Communications Commission and became available to the public in the 1980s, though quality was generally poor and usage was expensive.

• In the late 1990s, a new generation of cell phones made use of new digital network technology, replacing many private landlines and bringing telephone service to parts of the world where landlines never were installed.

ADVANTAGES

• Even with cell-phone use on the rise and landline use declining, landline telephones do present advantages over cell phones. The biggest advantage is consistent fidelity of the telephone signal.

• Landlines don't suffer from the signal problems cell phones face during bad weather or in remote areas. Landline telephones do not require an electrical connection and are operational during power outages--whereas cell phones rely on relay towers that must be powered to receive or send a signal.

DISADVANTAGES

• The biggest disadvantage to landline telephones is their immobility. While cell phones can be taken and used almost anywhere, landline phones can be used only in or near the home or office.

• The landline may represent a redundant service and an added cost for those with a cell phone, though most basic landline service packages cost less than basic cell-phone plans. Landline phones are quickly losing their quality advantage as cell phones' audio signals and reliability improve.

FIXED LINE SERVICE PROVIDERS

MAJOR SERVICE PROVIDERS

• B.S.N.L.

• AIRTEL

• TATA COMMUNICATIONS

• RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

• IDEA

• MTS

COMPARISON BETWEEN MAJOR OPERATORS

COMPARISON BASES

• TARRIF

• VALUE ADDED SERVICES

• INTERNET SERVICES

• COVERAGE AREAS

TARRIF PLANS

• Tarrif plans are subjected to change according to the regions

• Within a single region there may be more than 10 different tarrif plans available by a single service provider

• For the sake of simplicity I have compared tarrif plans by different service providers in the delhi-ncr region

S.P.AREAS

B.S.N.L. BHARTI AIRTEL

RELIANCE COMM.

TATA COMM.

Monthly Plan Charges ( in Rs.)

600 450 250 999 699500 250

250(Economy)

399 299 224 199

Local Call Pulse Duration

60sec

60sec

60sec

1sec 1sec60sec

60 sec

60 sec

60 sec

60/180 sec

60 sec

60 sec

Call Charges (Rs. / pulse)

1.0-other,nil-bsnl-bsnl

1.0-othernil-bsnl-bsnl

1.0 for all

Airtel-1p,Other-1.2p

Airtel-1p,Other-1.2p

1.1-otherR-R-40p

1.2 for all

0.5-otherR-R-40p

1.75-other,0.5-T-T

1.0-other,1.0/3min-T-T

Mob.-0.5,landline-1.0

1.20-other,0.5-T-T

Free Call Value (Rs.)

nil nil

250 local and STD

999 (Local+STD)+Rs.500(A-A Local)

649 (Local+STD)

500 local and STD

200 local and STD

100 local and STD

425 FAT Local nil

150/monthlocal+STDcalls

199 FAT Local

STD inter circle

Airtel-1p,Other-1.2p

Airtel-1p,Other-1.2p

TYPES VALUE ADDED SERVICES

• Call forwarding (or call diversion) is a feature on some telephone networks which let an incoming call to a called party to be redirected to a third party. For example, the third party may be a mobile telephone, voicemail box or other telephone number where the desired called party is situated.

• Three Party Conference adds a third party to an existing call, allowing you and the other two parties to speak together in a three-way conference.

• PARALLEL RINGING With parallel ringing you will never miss a call even when you’re away from your fixed line. Share your fixed line number and get incoming calls simultaneously on two phones - your landline and your mobile.The ringing stops on the other line as soon as you pick up any one phone.So never miss a call now.

• CALL RESTRICTION With Call Restriction you can manage chargeable calls (calls that are outside your calling area, 0900 services or mobile calls) made from your home phone.

SERVICE PROVIDERS VALUE ADDED SERVICES OFFERED

1). B.S.N.L Caller Line Identification, Caller Line Restriction, Phone Lock, Call Waiting and Call forwarding,

2). AIRTEL Caller Line Identification, Caller Line Restriction, Phone Lock, Call Waiting and Call forwarding , parallel ringing , three party conferencing

4).TATACOMMUNICATIONS

Caller Line Identification, Caller Line Restriction, Phone Lock, Call Waiting and Call forwarding

5).RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS

Caller Line Identification, Caller Line Restriction, Phone Lock, Call Waiting and Call forwarding

VALUE ADDED SERVICES

INTERNET SERVICES

• Internet services was the second major use of fixed line which was earlier used only to provide telephone services.

• In the earlier times till 2005 the speed of internet using fixed line was very low i.e. 32kbps or 64kbps (compare to the broadband speed of 256 kbps).

• Later after 2005 high speed internet plans i.e 2Mbps or above were introduced by different service provider but the cost was very high.

• Today the speed upto 5Mbps can be obtained from the same copper wire used in fixed line services.

CONNECTION OF BROADBAND MODEM WITH PHONE LINE AND

ROUTER AND P.C.

INTER CONNECTION OF DIFFERENT INTERNET BASED DEVICES WITH

INTERNET VIA WIRELESS ROUTER & CABLE MODEM

TARRIF PLANS

SERVICE PROVIDERS PAST TARRIF PLANS (TILL 2005)

PRESENT TARRIF PLANS (FROM 2005)

1). B.S.N.L Rs 250 for 64 kbps, Rs 400 for 128kbps, Rs 550 for unlimited download at 256kbps

Rs 500 for 512kbps, Rs 900 for 1Mbps unlimited downlaod plan

2). AIRTEL Not available Rs 1000 for 1mbps and Rs 2500 for 2mbps unlimited download plan

4).TATACOMMUNICATIONS

Not available Rs 600 for 400kbps, Rs 1000 for 800 kbps and Rs 1300 for 1mbps unlimited download plan

5).RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS

Not available Rs 600 for 700kbps and Rs 900 for 1mbps unlimited download plan

COVERAGE AREASSERVICE PROVIDERS PRESENT COVERAGE AREAS

(FROM 2000)

1). B.S.N.L Across 34 states and 200 citiesLargest telecom network , covering maximum cities

2). AIRTEL Across 14 states and 94 citiesSecond largest telecom network , covering numerous cities

4).TATA COMMUNICATIONS Across 10 states and 70 cities Fourth largest telecom network , covering many cities

5).RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS Across 35 stats and 150 citiesthird largest telecom network , covering second maximum number of cities