UNIT-9: UNIT-9: COMPARISON & COMPARISON &

CONTRAST PARAGRAPHCONTRAST PARAGRAPH

Do I want this car … ?

Do I want this car … ?

… or do I want that

other car?

… or do I want that

other car?

Do I want this guy … ?

Do I want this guy … ? … or do I

want that guy?

… or do I want that

guy?

Do I want to visit Egypt on my

next vacation … ?

Do I want to visit Egypt on my

next vacation … ?

… or do I want to go to Las Vegas?

… or do I want to go to Las Vegas?

Do I want to eat something

healthy… ?

Do I want to eat something

healthy… ?

… or do I want something

bad?

… or do I want something

bad?

UNDERSTAND WHAT COMPARİSON OR CONTRAST

REQUİRES YOU TO DO.

Always choose two equal items—two cars, two vacations, two sports stars—not two unequal items, like a car and an octopus.

Next, decide if you want to compare or contrast as your primary strategy.

NOW LET’S TEST NOW LET’S TEST YOUR YOUR UNDERSTANDİNG UNDERSTANDİNG .. .. ..

A BABY A BABY A VACUUM A VACUUM CLEANERCLEANER

PİCK A PATTERN FOR YOUR PİCK A PATTERN FOR YOUR PARAGRAPHPARAGRAPH

Pattern APattern A is a is a 3- 3-point point paragraphparagraph, , which is called which is called POINT-by-POINT.POINT-by-POINT.

The The topic sentence topic sentence will read like this:will read like this:

Because of X, Y, Because of X, Y, and Z, Subject A is and Z, Subject A is similar to [or similar to [or different from] different from] Subject B.Subject B.

Each Each supporting supporting ppointoint will discuss will discuss both Subject A and both Subject A and Subject B.Subject B.

IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

All about All about Point XPoint XAll about All about Point XPoint X

All about All about Point YPoint YAll about All about Point YPoint Y

All about All about Point ZPoint ZAll about All about Point ZPoint Z

ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion

PATTERN B WİLL LOOK A BİT PATTERN B WİLL LOOK A BİT DİFFERENT.DİFFERENT.

Pattern BPattern B is a 2-is a 2-point paragraph, point paragraph, which is called which is called BLOCK.BLOCK.

One One support support will will discuss discuss XX, , YY, and , and ZZ for for Subject ASubject A; the ; the other other support support will will do the same for do the same for Subject BSubject B..

IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

All about All about Subject ASubject AAll about All about Subject ASubject A

All about All about Subject BSubject BAll about All about Subject BSubject B

ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion

PATTERN APATTERN A OUTLİNE OUTLİNE

I.I. Point XPoint XA.A. Subject ASubject A

1.1. Detail 1Detail 1

2.2. Detail 2Detail 2

3.3. Detail 3Detail 3

B.B. Subject BSubject B1.1. Detail 1Detail 1

2.2. Detail 2Detail 2

3.3. Detail 3Detail 3

I.I. Point XPoint XA.A. Subject ASubject A

1.1. Detail 1Detail 1

2.2. Detail 2Detail 2

3.3. Detail 3Detail 3

B.B. Subject BSubject B1.1. Detail 1Detail 1

2.2. Detail 2Detail 2

3.3. Detail 3Detail 3

Roman numerals Roman numerals address the address the XX, , YY, and , and ZZ from the from the topic topic sentence.sentence.

Capital letter ACapital letter A is is always for the always for the first first subjectsubject; ; capital letter capital letter BB is always for the is always for the second subjectsecond subject..

A A detaildetail for Subject A for Subject A must correspond to a must correspond to a detaildetail for Subject B. for Subject B.

A A PATTERN BPATTERN B OUTLİNE LOOKS A LİTTLE OUTLİNE LOOKS A LİTTLE DİFFERENT:DİFFERENT:

I.I. Subject ASubject AA.A. First Point of C/CFirst Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

B.B. Second Point of C/CSecond Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

C.C. Third Point of C/CThird Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

II.II. Subject BSubject BA.A. First Point of C/CFirst Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

B.B. Second Point of C/CSecond Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

C.C. Third Point of C/CThird Point of C/C

1. Detail1. Detail

2. Detail2. Detail

3. Detail3. Detail

Topic sentenceTopic sentence:: Subject A is different from/similar to Subject B.Subject A is different from/similar to Subject B.

TOPIC SENTENCE PATTERNS FOR COMPARISON & CONTRAST PARAGRAH

CONTRAST PARAGRAPH

- Although …… and ………. are both….they are different in many ways.-While …… and ………. are both….they are different in many ways.- There are many differences between …. and ….. although they seem quite similar.

COMPARISON PARAGRAPH

-There are striking similarities between ……and ……….- Although ………and…….. seem quite different , they have many points in common.-………and………… are very similar/alike in many ways.

The following words can help you to write a good compare and contrast paragraph:

SIMILARITIES

similar toExample:   Spring weather in Denizli is similar to spring weather in İzmir.bothExample:   Both Denizli and İzmir have rain in the spring.alsoExample:   Denizli also has a rainy spring season.tooExample:   İzmir has a rainy spring season, too. as wellExample:   As well, İzmir has rainy spring season.

DIFFERENCESon the other handExample:   On the other hand, winter is much colder in Denizli.howeverExample:   However, winter is much colder in Denizli.butExample:   İzmir has a mild winter, but Denizli has a cold one. in contrast toExample:   In contrast to İzmir, Denizli has a cold winter.differs fromExample:   Denizli differs from İzmir by having a cold winter. whileExample:   While İzmir has a mild winter, Denizli has a cold winter.

Decide in which method the paragraphs below are written.

While İstanbul and Muğla are both big cities, they differ from each other in many ways. To start with, İstanbul is filled with industries, buildings, roads, and lots of people. The time it takes you to get from one place to another shows us how big it has become. Moreover, İstanbul has become a city in which its people are usually in a hurry and have a lot of things to do throughout the day. This can be seen by the amount of traffic in the city. Also, in İstanbul you can find all sorts of things to do like shopping in plazas, going to the discos or bars at nights, going to the movies, etc. On the other hand, Muğla still looks like a small town in which most of its people know each other although the city has grown a lot in the last years. What is more, Muğla still remains quite a calm city where most people walk and take their time. Additionally, in Muğla, there are places mostly to drink a coffee and chat, historical places to visit, and many places with beautiful architecture. To sum up, although these two cities seem to be similar, they are in fact different from each other

There are three main differences between eating fresh food and canned food. The most notable difference between these two kinds of foods is their flavor. Fresh food has great flavor and taste because it keeps all their natural conditions. Canned food, however, lacks a lot of its flavor characteristics because there are some other chemical products added to the natural foods. Secondly, there is a health factor that affects both of them. Canned food is unhealthy because in order to keep the shelf life for longer times it is tinned with many conservatives and chemical factors. On the other hand, fresh food does not include any chemicals, so it is healtier. Another difference between these two types of foods is the cost. Canned food is much more expensive than fresh food. In conclusion, before eating, choose the best type of food for your convenience and lifestyle.