comparatives español 2-2 sra. carpinella. what are comparisons? comparisons are made when one...
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Comparatives
Español 2-2
Sra. Carpinella
What are comparisons?
Comparisons are made when one object/one group is compared to another and a difference is apparent.
Comparisons are between 2 things, groups, ideas, or concepts.
Comparison - qualities
Comparisons that are regular have the same pattern:más/menos + adjective + que
más = more menos = lessque = than [notice… no accent!]
Comparison – qualities
The boy is taller than the girl.This is a comparison of two people’s qualities. It will use the formula más + adjective + que
Taller is not a word in Spanish, comparative words that end in –er in English are made by saying more and then the adjective in Spanish.
Taller = more tall = más alto
Comparison - qualities
The boy is taller than the girlMás + adjective+ que
El chico es más alto que la chica.Make sure the adjective agrees in number
and gender with the subject.
Comparisons - qualities
The cats are smaller than the dogs.Más + adjective + que
Los gatos son más pequeños que los perros.Make sure the adjective agrees in number
and gender with the subject.
Comparison - qualities
The boy is taller than the girlMás + adjective+ que
El chico es más alto que la chica.Make sure the adjective agrees in number
and gender with the subject.There is a second way of saying this: use
menosEl chico es menos bajo que la chica.The boy is less short than the girl.
Comparisons - qualities
The cats are smaller than the dogs. Más + adjective + que
Los gatos son más pequeños que los perros. Make sure the adjective agrees in number and
gender with the subject.
There is a second way of saying this: use menos Los gatos son menos grandes que los perros. The cats are less big than the dogs.
Comparisons - quantities
I have more money than you. Más + noun + que
Yo tengo más dinero que tú. There is a second way of saying this: use
menos Tú tienes menos dinero que yo. You have less money than I do.
Comparison - quantities
Susana has more than ten fish.Más + de + number
Susana tiene más de diez peces.The bird costs less than 500 pesos.
Menos + de + numberEl pájaro cuesta menos de 500 pesos.To compare numbers with más and
menos, you use de instead of que.
Comparisons - irregulars
There are 4 adjectives that have irregular comparative forms:Viejo oldJoven youngMal badBueno good
Comparisons - irregular
Viejo oldMayor = olderThe clock is older than the table.
El reloj es mayor que la mesa.NOTICE: This sentence does not use
más or menos.With irregulars, you do not need to say
more or less because it is already in the word = older.
Comparisons - irregular
joven youngmenor = youngerThe student is younger than the teacher.
El estudiante es menor que el profesor.NOTICE: This sentence does not use más
or menos.With irregulars, you do not need to say
more or less because it is already in the word = younger.
Comparisons - irregular
mal badpeor = worseThe rain is worse than the snow.
La lluvia es peor que la nieve.NOTICE: This sentence does not use
más or menos.With irregulars, you do not need to say
more or less because it is already in the word = worse.
Comparisons - irregular
bueno goodmejor = betterThe pen writes better than the pencil.
El bolígrafo escribe mejor que el lápiz.NOTICE: This sentence does not use
más or menos. With irregulars, you do not need to say
more or less because it is already in the word = better.
Comparisons - equality
You use the “expressions of equality” when saying two things are equal in comparison.Tan + adjective + comoTanto/a(s) + noun + como
Comparisons - equality
When comparing something that cannot be counted (adjectives), you use:
tan + adjective (must agree with noun) + como
She is as nice as he.You cannot count nice, therefore that is an
adjective. You must make the adjective, nice, agree with the noun, she.
Ella es tan simpática como él.
Comparisons - equality
The girls are as athletic as the boys.You cannot count athletic, so we must use
tan. You must make athletic agree with girls.
Las chicas son tan atléticas como los chicos.
He is as tall as she.You cannot count tall. Use tan.
Él es tan alto como ella.
Comparisons - equality
When you compare items that can be counted (nouns), you use another formula.
Tanto(a) + noun + como Tanto must agree with the noun that you’re counting
For example: He has as many books as she. You can count the number of books that they have,
so you use the tanto formula.
Él tiene tantos libros como ella.
Comparisons - equality
They have as many classes as we do.You can count the number of classes. Use
tanto.Ellos tienen tantas clases como nosotros.She plays as many sports as he does.
You can count the number of sports. Use tanto.
Ella juega tantos deportes como él.
Comparisons - special
When there is no noun or adjective use the formulas: Tanto + como (equality) Más (menos) + que
He sleeps as much as a baby. Él duerme tanto como un bebé.
I like to read more than write. Me gusta leer más que escribir.
Francisca plays soccer less than tennis. Francisca juega al fútbol menos que al tenis.