Compact city Vs. urban sprawl

Presented to:Sir Mehtab Ahmad

Presented by:Muhammad Azaz 1811Faisal Nadeem 1814

Fahad Idrees 1815Hafiz umair 1817Ghulam Dastgeer 1819Ghulam MurtazaAhmad Latafat 1827

Department of GeographyGC university Faisalabad

Structure of presentation

Origin of compact city Definition of compact city Need of compact city Compact city model General characteristics of compact city Positive impacts of compact cites Negative impacts of compact cites Cities following the compact city model Urban sprawl Urban sprawl characteristics

Origin of compact city

The term compact city was 1st coined in 1973 by George Dantzig and Thomas L. satty

Two mathematician whose vision was largely driven by a desire to see more efficient use of resources.

Compact cities were created by the idea of sustainable urban planning in the European countries in late 1990,s.

The concept of compact city is based on sustainability, a term used by a club of Rome in 1972.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE CITY

Urban justice Urban beauty Creativity Ecology Easy to move and access Compact and polycentric diversity

THE TERM: COMPACT CITY

The compact city or city of short distance is and urban planning and urban design concept, which promotes relatively high residential density with mix land use.

Based on,

I. Efficient transport system and

II. Urban layout Encourages walking and cycling, low energy

consumption and reduce pollution. Social interaction and eye on the street

NEED OF COMPACT CITY

COMPACT CITY MODEL

General characteristics of compact city

Form of space High dense settlements Less dependence of

automobile Clear boundary from

surroundings Clear identity

Form of Function Social fairness Self-sufficiency of daily life

Other characteristics Urban infrastructure especially sewerage and water

mains. Multi nodal transportation High degree of accessibility local/regional. High degree of street connectivity including side

walk and bicycle lanes. Overlapping

POSITIVE IMPACTS OF COMPACT CITES

Environment

Less energy consumption Less GHG (green house gases)

consumption.

Preservation of land for agriculture and water resources.

Efficient use of energy.

Low electricity demand.

Economy Low travel cost Less congestion Higher mobility and higher

productivity More cost effective public

services provision e.g. road and water.

Maximize impact of public investment.

More frequent exchange of ideas which leads towards the innovation and wealth creation.

NEGITIVE IMPACTS OF COMPACT CITES

Lack of affordable housing’ Poor access to green spaces’ increased crime level Higher death rate due to respiratory

problems

CITIES FOLLOWING THE COMPACT CITY MODEL

Melbourne (AUSTRALIA) 31 municipalities 4 million population

Toyama (JAPAN) City of Toyama 0.4 million population

Vancouver (CANADA) Metro Vancouver 2.2 million

Curitiba (BRAZIL) Southern Brazil 2.3 million people 7th largest city in Brazil The smiling city

URBAN SPRAWL Urban sprawl means the spread of urban

areas into rural areas such as farmland, forests and coastal lands that lie on the outer edges of cities.

Urban sprawl is the unchecked spreading of a city or its suburbs.

It often involves the construction of residential and commercial buildings in rural areas or otherwise undeveloped land at the outskirts of a city.

Boston

Urban sprawl characteristics

Low residential density

(1 house= 1 family) Lack of public transportation Unlimited outward extension of

urban development Leapfrog development All transportation dominate by

privately owned motor vehicles

Impacts of urban sprawl

Economic Impacts of Urban Sprawl Urban Sprawl is not always checked

and systematic. This isn’t very helpful for the economy.

The auto dependent development causes a lot of disadvantages including inefficient street layouts, car dependency

Increased Infrastructure costs Living in larger, more spread out

spaces generally makes public services more expensive.

Taxes are risen (bad for the people good for the government).

Environmental impacts

Urban sprawl can cause automobile dependency.

Increased Pollution and reliance on fossil fuel

More carbon emission adds up in the atmosphere.

Urban sprawl may be partly responsible for the decline in social capital in the United States

Solutions and suggestion

Limit the sprawl

By doing this, the city can manage its expenses easily can also be more efficient during keeping track of

taxes. There will be good population control and more

room for open space and agriculture, which every

city requires.

Otherwise,

Limit the sprawl

Counter Solution

Not every city has to limit its urban sprawl. Natural will do it by own.

Bibliography 1. "What Is Urban Sprawl?" WiseGEEK: Clear Answers

for Common Questions. Web. 20 Jan. 2011. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-urban-sprawl.htm>.

2. "Metro: Urban Growth Boundary." Metro: Welcome to Metro. Web. 24 Jan. 2011. <http://www.metro-region.org/index.cfm/go/by.web/id=277>.

3. "Urban Sprawl: the Big Picture." NASA Science. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. <http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2002/11oct_sprawl/>.

4. Sprawl Guide: Problems with Sprawl (Environmental Impacts)." Planning Commissioners Journal. Web. 26 Jan. 2011.