community health assessment final draft mph 602
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Health AssessmentMPH 602
Cuyahoga County, OH, Community Health Needs Assessment spring 2015
Prepared by: Steven Banjoff
Image source nationalatlas.gov
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cuyahoga County, Ohio Community Health Needs Assessment
Part I
Project Overview, Methodology, Population, Demographics, Socioeconomic, and Overall Health Status
Including an individual examination of separate neighborhoods within the high priority area of the City of Cleveland
Map from Cuyahoga County Public Safety and Justice Services.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
This community health and needs assessment is being prepared by Steven C. Banjoff to gain a
deeper understanding of the diverse communities that comprise Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The assessment
aim is to give a demographic, social, and economic overview of the area while identifying key
stakeholders to encourage community members to form collaborative partnerships to recognize; who is
most vulnerable, what are their needs, where they reside, and why the problems exist.
Cuyahoga County, Ohio, is located in the northeast portion of the state, and is home to 1,280,122
residents, making it the most populous county in Ohio. There are 607,362 males with a median age of
38.4 years, and 672,760 females with a median age of 41.7 years (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014). The
county seat of Cuyahoga County is Cleveland , surrounding the city are inner and outer ring suburbs with
23 western suburbs and 35 eastern suburbs that comprise the county. Much of the poverty, poor living
conditions, older housing stock, and lack of transportation occur within the city and inner ring suburbs.
Since these areas will most likely have the greatest amount of health disparities it is important to examine
the demographic information found in the neighborhoods that make up the City of Cleveland.
The City of Cleveland is divided into 34 different neighborhoods each with different racial make-
ups, poverty rates and challenges. The following is a break-down of the population, diversity, poverty
rate, key economic indicators, median household income and education of the neighborhoods that
comprise the city. If the Child Poverty rate is in red the number of children living in poverty is greater
than the Ohio average of 23% (County Health Rankings, 2014), if green the number of children living in
poverty is less than the Ohio average. Household Median Income green when greater than Ohio Avg. of
$48,308 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014) red when less than the average. Occupied Homes green when
greater than Ohio Avg of 89% (rounded) occupied, red when less than average.
Source: Cleveland City Planning Commission
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Area Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Bellaire-Puritas 13,365
White 48%
Latino 13%
Black 26%
Asian 3%
Native American
1%
Other 5%
2+/Mixed Races
4%
% of Population in poverty
21%
% of Children in
poverty29%
% of Elderly 65+ in
Poverty12%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
29%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
8%
Median House-
holdIncome$32,900
Unemployed16%
Occupied Homes
89%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income7%
ReceiveFood
Stamps15%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 42%
Some College
21%
Associates 6%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 3%
BroadwaySlavic Village
22,432
White 36%
Latino 5%
Black 52%
Asian 0.3%
Native American
0.2%
Other 2%
2+/Mixed Races
3%
% of Population in Poverty
35%
% of Children in
Poverty45%
% ofElderly 65+ in poverty
28%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
26%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
11%
Median House-
holdIncome$26,604
Unemployed23%
Occupied Homes
72%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income5%
ReceiveFood
Stamps32%
No H.S. 8%
Some H.S. 22%
High School 36%
Some College
21%
Associates 5%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Chart compiled using data from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Source: Chart compiled using data from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Brooklyn Centre
8,954
White 25%
Latino 32%
Black 21%
Asian 1%
Native American
1%
Other 16%
2+/Mixed Race 5%
% of Population in Poverty
29%
% of Children in
Poverty40%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
19%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
26%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
11%
Median House-
holdIncome$28,049
Unemployed16%
Occupied Homes
82%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income7%
Food Stamps
31%
No H.S. 10%
Some H.S. 25%
High School 35%
Some College
17%
Associates 5%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Chart compiled using data from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report.
Buckeye-Shaker Square
12,470
White 12%
Latino 1%
Black 81%
Asian 3%
Native American
0.2%
Other 1%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
29%
% of Children in
Poverty40%
% ofElderly 65+ in Poverty
15%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
24%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome $25,917
Unemployed14%
Occupied Homes
81%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income4%
Food Stamps25%
No H.S. 3%
Some H.S. 15%
High School 29%
Some College
22%
Associates 6%
BA 13%
Grad/Prof 12%
Source: Chart compiled using data from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Buckeye-Woodhill 6,657
White 1.2%
Latino 0.8%
Black 96%
Asian 0.0%
Native American
0.1%
Other 0.2%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
51%
% of Children in
Poverty66%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
36%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
24%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
16%
Median House-
holdIncome$14,491
Unemployed31%
Occupied Homes
79%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income9%
Food Stamps
42%
No H.S. 4%
Some H.S. 30%
High School 29%
Some College
25%
Associates 7%
BA 2%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Central 12,306
White 2%
Latino 2%
Black 94%
Asian 0.2%
Native American
0.2%
Other 0.5%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in
Poverty70%
% of Children in
Poverty79%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
40%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
20%
% of Households Supplemental Security
Income16%
Median House-
holdIncome$9,418
Unemployed36%
Occupied Homes
87%
ReceivePublic Asst.
Income16%
ReceiveFood
Stamps64%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 28%
High School 39%
Some College
19%
Associates 3%
BA 3%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Clark-Fulton 8,548
White 4%
Latino 47%
Black 19%
Asian 1%
Native American
1%
Other 24%
2+/Mixed Races
5%
% of Population in Poverty
38%
% of Children in
Poverty52%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
24%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
30%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
15%
Median House-
holdIncome $24,485
Unemployed17%
Occupied Homes
78%
Public Asst. Income
9%
Food Stamps
35%
No H.S. 13%
Some H.S. 22%
High School 37%
Some College
19%
Associates 5%
BA 3%
Grad/Prof 1%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Collinwood-Nottingham
11,542
White 9%
Latino 1%
Black 87%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.1%
Other 1%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
33%
% of Children in
Poverty47%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
27%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
30%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome $24,955
Unemployed17%
Occupied Homes
74%
Public Asst. Income
5%
Food Stamps
26%
No H.S. 10%
Some H.S. 17%
High School 38%
Some College
26%
Associates 4%
BA 3%
Grad/Prof 1%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Cudell 9,288
White 29%
Latino 19%
Black 34%
Asian 3%
Native American
1%
Other 9%
2+/Mixed Races
5%
% of Population in Poverty
39%
% of Children in
Poverty47%
% of Elderly 65+in
Poverty15%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
18%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
15%
Median House-
holdIncome $21,392
Unemployed20%
Occupied Homes
82%
Public Asst. Income
12%
Food Stamps
34%
No H.S. 8%
Some H.S. 22%
High School 40%
Some College
19%
Associates 3%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Cuyahoga Valley
969
White 9%
Latino 1%
Black 87%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.1%
Other 1%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
27%
% of Children in
Poverty62%
% of Elderly 65+in
Poverty32%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
24%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
11%
Median House-
holdIncome $26,002
Unemployed33%
Occupied Homes
81%
Public Asst. Income
15%
Food Stamps
59%
No H.S. 9%
Some H.S. 23%
High School 34%
Some College
19%
Associates 4%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Detroit-Shoreway 11,567
White 32%
Latino 25%
Black 21%
Asian 1%
Native American
1%
Other 16%
2+/Mixed Races
5%
% of Population in Poverty
43%
% ofChildren in
Poverty59%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
42%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
25%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
12%
Median House-
holdIncome $23,476
Unemployed20%
Occupied Homes
80%
Public Asst. Income
8%
Food Stamps
38%
No H.S. 9%
Some H.S. 22%
High School 30%
Some College
19%
Associates 5%
BA 9%
Grad/Prof 7%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Downtown 9,464
White 41%
Latino 3%
Black 44%
Asian 8%
Native American
0.2%
Other 2%
2+/MixedRaces
2%
% of Population in Poverty
24%
% of Children in
Poverty78%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
30%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
12%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
7%
Median House-
holdIncome $36,760
Unemployed12%
Occupied Homes
77%
Public Asst. Income
2%
Food Stamps
16%
No H.S. 4%
Some H.S. 12%
High School 19%
Some College
13%
Associates 5%
BA 25%
Grad/Prof 22%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Edgewater 5,850
White 61%
Latino 9%
Black 21%
Asian 2%
Native American
0.5%
Other 3%
2+/Mixed Races
3%
% of Population in Poverty
21%
% of Children in
Poverty31%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
30%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
19%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome $39,353
Unemployed12%
Occupied Homes
85%
Public Asst. Income
1%
Food Stamps
12%
No H.S. 3%
Some H.S. 13%
High School 17%
Some College
26%
Associates 8%
BA 21%
Grad/Prof 12%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Euclid-Green 5,533
White 5%
Latino 1%
Black 92%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.3%
Other 0.2%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
28%
% of Children in
Poverty43%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
15%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
25%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
4%
Median House-
holdIncome $33,948
Unemployed11%
Occupied Homes
79%
Public Asst. Income
6%
Food Stamps
20%
No H.S. 8%
Some H.S. 9%
High School 38%
Some College
26%
Associates 8%
BA 6%
Grad/Prof 5%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Fairfax 6,239
White 1%
Latino 1%
Black 95%
Asian 1%
Native American
0.2%
Other 0.3%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
38%
% of Children in
Poverty68%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
22%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
41%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
14%
Median House-
holdIncome $20,449
Unemployed24%
Occupied Homes
74%
Public Asst. Income
10%
Food Stamps
34%
No H.S. 10%
Some H.S. 18%
High School 37%
Some College
19%
Associates 6%
BA 7%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Glenville 27,268
White 0.5%
Latino 1%
Black 97%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.2%
Other 0.2%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
35%
% of Children in
Poverty51%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
24%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
35%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
8%
Median House-
holdIncome $22,067
Unemployed25%
Occupied Homes
70%
Public Asst. Income
8%
Food Stamps
30%
No H.S. 4%
Some H.S. 20%
High School 39%
Some College
24%
Associates 6%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
11
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Goodrich-Kirtland
Park4,238
White 29%
Latino 10%
Black 24%
Asian 30%
Native American
0.4%
Other 5%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
32%% of
Children in Poverty
56%
% ofElderly 65+ in Poverty
39%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
26%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
8%
Median House-
holdIncome $24,418
Unemployed18%
Occupied Homes
79%
Public Asst. Income
3%
Food Stamps
21%
No H.S. 6%
Some H.S. 18%
High School 35%
Some College
15%
Associates 6%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 9%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Hopkins 283
White 51%
Latino 11%
Black 24%
Asian 5%
Native American
1%
Other 6%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
18%
% of Children in
Poverty38%
% ofElderly 65+ in Poverty
11%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
34%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
10%
Median House-
holdIncome $48,152
Unemployed15%
Occupied Homes95%
Public Asst. Income
4%
Food Stamps
16%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 11%
High School 39%
Some College
22%
Associates 3%
BA 15%
Grad/Prof 5%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Hough 11,475
White 1%
Latino 1%
Black 96%
Asian 0%
Native American
0.3%
Other 1%
2+/MixedRaces
1%
% of Population in Poverty
40%
% of Children in
Poverty66%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
25%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
33%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
18%
Median House-
holdIncome $18,906
Unemployed25%
Occupied Homes
76%
Public Asst. Income
15%
Food Stamps
38%
No H.S. 6%
Some H.S. 24%
High School 33%
Some College
21%
Associates 6%
BA 6%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Jefferson 16,548
White 52%
Latino 18%
Black 17%
Asian 2%
Native American
0.4%
Other 8%
2+/Mixed Races
4%
% of Population in Poverty
20%
% of Children in
Poverty28%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
12%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
27%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
5%
Median House-
holdIncome $41,130
Unemployed13%
Occupied Homes
89%
Public Asst. Income
4%
Food Stamps
16%
No H.S. 4%
Some H.S. 15%
High School 39%
Some College
22%
Associates 8%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 4%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
13
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Kamm’s Corner
25,170
White 74%
Latino 7%
Black 11%
Asian 3%
Native American
0.3%
Other 3%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
11%
% of Children in
Poverty16%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
13%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
26%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
5%
Median House-
holdIncome $48,811
Unemployed10%
Occupied Homes
92%
Public Asst. Income
2%
Food Stamps
9%
No H.S. 2%
Some H.S. 8%
High School 32%
Some College
25%
Associates 7%
BA 17%
Grad/Prof 9%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Kinsman 6987
White 0.2%
Latino 0.8%
Black 97%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.1%
Other 0%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
52%
% of Children in
Poverty70%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
20%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
29%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
10%
Median House-
holdIncome $15,788
Unemployed26%
Occupied Homes
78%
Public Asst. Income
10%
Food Stamps
46%
No H.S. 6%
Some H.S. 25%
High School 38%
Some College
22%
Associates 5%
BA 2%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
14
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Lee-Harvard 10,326
White 0.1%
Latino 0.8%
Black 97%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.2%
Other 0.3%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
14%
% of Children in
Poverty25%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
10%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
41%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome$40,547
Unemployed14%
Occupied Homes
92%
Public Asst. Income
3%
Food Stamps
11%
No H.S. 3%
Some H.S. 15%
High School 34%
Some College
29%
Associates 7%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 4%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Lee-Seville 4,496
White 0.3%
Latino 0.7%
Black 97%
Asian 0%
Native American
1%
Other 0.4%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
23%
% of Children in
Poverty34%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
11%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
42%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome$33,090
Unemployed22%
Occupied Homes
86%
Public Asst. Income
3%
Food Stamps
22%
No H.S. 2%
Some H.S. 18%
High School 35%
Some College
29%
Associates 7%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 1%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
15
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Mount Pleasant 17,320
White 0.2%
Latino 0.8%
Black 98%
Asian 0%
Native American
0.1%
Other 0.2%
2+/Mixed Races 0.7%
% of Population in Poverty
30%
% of Children in
Poverty48%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
12%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
31%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
9%
Median House-
holdIncome$23,646
Unemployed21%
Occupied Homes
73%
Public Asst. Income
8%
Food Stamps
28%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 37%
Some College
22%
Associates 8%
BA 7%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
North Shore Collinwood 15,768
White 29%
Latino 1%
Black 66%
Asian 0.2%
Native American
0.3%
Other 0.4%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
29%
% of Children in
Poverty35%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
23%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
23%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
9%
Median House-
holdIncome$27,648
Unemployed15%
Occupied Homes
84%
Public Asst. Income
5%
Food Stamps
22%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 37%
Some College
22%
Associates 8%
BA 7%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
16
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Ohio City 8,736
White 31%
Latino 20%
Black 35%
Asian 1%
Native American
1%
Other 9%
2+/Mixed Races
4%
% of Population in Poverty
39%
% of Children in
Poverty53%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
48%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
21%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
10%
Median House-
holdIncome$26,324
Unemployed17%
Occupied Homes
83%
Public Asst. Income
10%
Food Stamps
31%
No H.S. 7%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 21%
Some College
17%
Associates 6%
BA 17%
Grad/Prof 12%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Old Brooklyn 32,009
White 68%
Latino 14%
Black 8%
Asian 1%
Native American
0.3%
Other 5%
2+/Mixed Races
3%
% of Population in Poverty
18%
% of Children in
Poverty25%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
15%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
27%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6%
Median House-
holdIncome$39,282
Unemployed10%
Occupied Homes
90%
Public Asst. Income
3%
Food Stamps
15%
No H.S. 6%
Some H.S. 14%
High School 41%
Some College
21%
Associates 6%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 4%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
17
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Saint-Clair Superior 6,876
White 11%
Latino 5%
Black 79%
Asian 0.2%
Native American
0.4%
Other 2%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
45%
% of Children in
Poverty57%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
24%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
26%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
13%
Median House-
holdIncome$19,444
Unemployed34%
Occupied Homes
63%
Public Asst. Income
10%
Food Stamps
40%
No H.S. 7%
Some H.S. 24%
High School 35%
Some College
22%
Associates 8%
BA 4%
Grad/Prof 0.5%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Stockyards 10,372
White 21%
Latino 35%
Black 19%
Asian 1%
Native American
1%
Other 18%
2+/Mixed Races
5%
% of Population in Poverty
47%
% of Children in
Poverty64%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
24%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
27%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
20%
Median House-
holdIncome$19,658
Unemployed23%
Occupied Homes
80%
Public Asst. Income
11%
Food Stamps
39%
No H.S. 17%
Some H.S. 31%
High School 31%
Some College
16%
Associates 2%
BA 1%
Grad/Prof 1%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
18
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Tremont 7,948
White 37%
Latino 23%
Black 23%
Asian 1%
Native American
0.5%
Other 12%
2+/Mixed Races
4%
% of Population in Poverty
38%
% of Children in
Poverty59%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
22%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
21%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
10%
Median House-
holdIncome$24,175
Unemployed11%
Occupied Homes
83%
Public Asst. Income
7%
Food Stamps
30%
No H.S. 10%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 28%
Some College
18%
Associates 5%
BA 12%
Grad/Prof 8%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Union-Miles 19,004
White 0.4%
Latino 0.6%
Black 97%
Asian 0.1%
Native American
0.2%
Other 0.2%
2+/Mixed Races
1%
% of Population in Poverty
31%
% of Children in
Poverty53%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
15%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
35%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
8%
Median House-
holdIncome$27,111
Unemployed22%
Occupied Homes
78%
Public Asst. Income
5%
Food Stamps
30%
No H.S. 5%
Some H.S. 19%
High School 41%
Some College
24%
Associates 5%
BA 5%
Grad/Prof 2%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
19
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
University 7,920
White 53%
Latino 2%
Black 23%
Asian 18%
Native American
0.1%
Other 1%
2+/Mixed Races
2%
% of Population in Poverty
43%
% of Children in
Poverty36%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
24%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
27%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
7%
Median House-
holdIncome$14,632
Unemployed20%
Occupied Homes
89%
Public Asst.Income
6%
Food Stamps
12%
No H.S. 2%
Some H.S. 12%
High School 25%
Some College
17%
Associates 4%
BA 19%
Grad/Prof 21%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
West Boulevard 18,888
White 31%
Latino 27%
Black 21%
Asian 2%
Native American
1%
Other 13%
2+/Mixed Races
6%
% of Population in Poverty
25%
% of Children in
Poverty34%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
21%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
31%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
11%
Median House-
holdIncome$32,223
Unemployed17%
Occupied Homes
85%
Public Asst. Income
9%
Food Stamps
29%
No H.S. 9%
Some H.S. 22%
High School 36%
Some College
21%
Associates 3%
BA 6%
Grad/Prof 3%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
20
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Community Pop. Diversity Poverty Income Economic Education
Cleveland Total 396,815
White 37%
Latino 10%
Black 53%
Asian 2%
Native American
0.3%
Other 5%
2+/Mixed Races
3%
% of Population in Poverty
31%
% of Children in
Poverty46%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
20%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income
28%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
9%
Median House-
holdIncome$27,349
Unemployed18%
Occupied Homes
81%
Public Asst.Income
6%
Food Stamps
26%
No H.S. 6%
Some H.S. 18%
High School 35%
Some College
22%
Associates 6%
BA 8%
Grad/Prof 5%
Source: Charts compiled from Cleveland City Planning Commission 2014 neighborhood data report
Cuyahoga County Total
1,280,122
White64%
Latino5%
Black30%
Asian2.7%
Native American
0.2%
Other1.14%
2+/Mixed Races2.2%
% of Population in Poverty
18.8%
% of Children in
Poverty29%
% of Elderly 65+ in Poverty
10.8%
% of Households Receiving
Social Security Income29.9%
% of Households
Supplemental Security Income
6.3%
Median House-
holdIncome$43,804
Unemployed7.4%
Occupied Homes
86%
Public Asst.Income4.24%
Food Stamps17.2%
No H.S. 3.3%
Some H.S. 9.1%
High School 28.6%
Some College 22.2%
Associates 6.9%
BA 17.7%
Grad/Prof 12%
Source: Charts compiled U.S. Census Bureau quick facts, Community Commons health indicator report
21
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
The City of Cleveland is an urban area with many brown-fields, industrial areas, and dense
population; older ring suburbs are very similar to the city demographics. As one travels further out into
the county the suburbs become higher-end housing developments with a few small farms and the ethnicity
of the communities is mostly white. Only 1% of Cuyahoga County is considered rural (County Health
Rankings, 2014). Cuyahoga County covers 457.19 square miles, of that Cleveland encompasses 82.47
square miles (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). The higher poverty rate, lower household median income, and
fewer residents attaining higher education indicates the City of Cleveland should be a health improvement
priority area, though there are wide disparities of these indicators throughout the county as well. For
example: The City of East Cleveland has 22% of its residents over the age of 25 without a high-school
diploma, 29.5% of the population makes less than $10,000 a year, nearly 20% without health insurance,
and is 91% African American. Rocky River, a suburb on the west side of the county, 55% of the
residents over the age of 25 hold a Bachelors Degree or higher, 70% of residents make more than $50,000
a year, and is 95.5% White (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010).
The years of potential life lost before the age of 75 in Cuyahoga County, Ohio is 7,975 (County
Health Rankings, 2014). Infant mortality rates in Cuyahoga County show an overall decreasing trend in
two suburban rings and an increase in Cleveland with none of the three reaching Healthy People 2010
goal, and a disparity between black and white babies (Cuyahoga County Board of Health, 2014).
Cuyahoga County rates well with available caregivers with 162.8 primary caregivers per 100,000, but the
average Cuyahoga County adult feels mentally or physically unhealthy 6.4 day a month (Ohio Dept. of
Health, 2015). Cuyahoga County performs poorly on the number of farm markets, fast food density,
liquor store density, particle pollution and Ozone quality (Ohio Dept. of Health, 2015). Cuyahoga
County, like many counties in the United States, is having a hard time meeting Healthy People 2010
goals, and a concerted community effort, especially in the greater economical and environmental
challenges of the county seat, The City of Cleveland. Greater collaboration and community
empowerment may be the sustainable answer to help reach the Healthy People 2020 goals.
22
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cuyahoga County and the City of Cleveland have many rich resources and history to inspire
greater collaboration and empowerment of community to build capacity for system change. Through the
formation of coalitions the content of the community’s wants, needs, and fears can be identified, and with
the technical support of key partners can work to take the lead in solving the problems they face. There
are numerous data sources available and include The Cleveland City Planning Commission which
provides an array of demographic, housing, and social economic factors. The commission also has
information on the many advocacy and community groups already present (Cleveland City Planning
Commission, 2015). The Ohio Department of Health, Cuyahoga County Department of Health, and
Cleveland Department of Public Health can provide a wealth of epidemiological and health program
knowledge. The recently completed community health assessment undertaken by Health Improvement
Partnership-Cuyahoga (HIP-C) through partnerships with area hospitals, learning institutions, and health
departments is also a valuable resource of already compiled data that can be used (Health Improvement
Partnership, 2013). The local colleges such as Cleveland State University, Case-Western Reserve and
others could also be a rich source of information and grant writing skills.
Incorporating key stakeholders that form lasting partnerships will be essential in empowering
communities to take greater control of the health environment. First understanding the context in which
people act that may bring them together to form a partnership is crucial (Community Tool Box, 2014).
One of the key stakeholders would be the heads of the seventeen wards that make up Cleveland. Some
questions that could be asked of these leaders; what are your Ward’s greatest concerns? Do your
residents feel they have adequate access to primary healthcare? What are your Ward’s greatest assets?
Religious leaders, community institutions such as barbershops could provide the opportunity to identify
influential community members and the general tone of the community. Questions that could be asked
include; do you feel safe in your community? What do you believe are the biggest challenges facing your
community? Given the opportunity, how likely would you be to become involved to make a positive
change within your community? Do you feel your voice is heard? Do you feel your political leadership
has concern for the health status of the community? Local institutions of higher learning are also key 23
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
stakeholders, and identifying key members in schools of Urban Development, Environmental Science,
and Public Health can be key contributors of logistical support. Questions that could be posed to these
individuals include; would the institution be willing to form partnerships to aid community groups in
grant writing? Can the school provide logistical support in research technique? What are the current
resources available, and partnerships that have already been initiated? Local professional sports teams
and media outlets can also be an important partner to spread the word and encourage participation.
Identifying and engaging these individuals can be accomplished through discovering common goals,
fears, and needs, which can then facilitate greater cooperation and generate trust between them. This will
be an ever-evolving process that strives to empower communities through the development of strong
collaborations lead by the community.
24
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cuyahoga County, Ohio Community Health Needs Assessment
Part II
Data AnalysisMortality, Chronic Disease, Accidental Death, Obesity,
Food Environment, Physical Activity, Access to Healthcare,
Crime and Violence
Map from Cuyahoga County Public Safety and Justice Services.
25
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cuyahoga County is a densely populated area with much of the county having greater than 2,500
residents per square mile. The majority of the African American Population resides in the eastern portion
of the county and within the City of Cleveland (NEOSCC, 2015), (Northern Ohio Data & Information
Service, 2012). The population change in Cuyahoga County from 2000-2010 is a loss of 8.2% of its
residents.
Population Density
Source: (Northern Ohio Data & Information Service, 2012)
According to County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, Cuyahoga County ranks 65 th out of 88 counties in
health outcomes, 50th in health factors, 78th in social and economic factors, 68th in physical environment,
and 6th in clinical care (County Health Rankings, 2014). Chronic disease is a major worry of all
communities across the Nation, and is the main cause of death in Cuyahoga County.
26
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
An Aging Population
Age Cuyahoga County
Population % ofWhite
Population
% of Afr. American
Population
% of Total
Females
% ofTotal Males
0-4 years 05.81% 73,898 04.72% 07.07% 05.46% 06.49%5 - 17 16.49% 209,902 14.21% 19.95% 15.46% 17.64%
18 - 24 08.95% 113,844 07.95% 10.80% 09.36% 08.57%25 - 34 12.58% 160,082 12.34% 12.15% 12.38% 12.80%35 - 44 12.17% 154,857 12.20% 11.89% 12.04% 12.31%45 - 54 15.00% 190,856 15.83% 14.21% 14.90% 15.11%55 - 64 13.28% 168,959 14.46% 11.87% 13.31% 13.24%
65+ 15.73% 200,135 18.28% 12.06% 17.88% 11.60%Source: Data for chart compiled using Community Commons health indicators report generator.
Causes of Death
All Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rateper 100,000 all ages
Age African -American
Male
White Male African- American
Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
<1 years 1,886.1 614.0 1,550.6 539.4 718.9 553.1
1-4 53.9 21.2 44.6 21.3 * unreliable
5-14 23.5 12.0 18.6 10.0 unreliable *
15-24 164.6 75.2 38.8 32.6 78.6 35.7
25-34 271.9 123.0 106.4 59.3 127.0 46.6
35-44 419.2 233.1 223.0 125.1 245.8 108.0
45-54 967.0 517.7 572.0 292.4 494.4 268.6
55-64 2,066.6 1,137.1 1,166.8 660.6 914.6 529.4
65-74 3,803.9 2,590.0 2,423.2 1,715.3 2,190.7 1,279.5
75-84 7,551.9 6,529.3 5,177.8 4,591.1 4,435.6 3,219.2
85+ 15,985.4 16,842.0 13,394.3 14,364.7 10,740.4 8317.1Source: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics, unreliable = numerator less than 20, * indicates
suppressed data.
27
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cardiovascular Disease Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate per 100,000 all ages
Age African -American
Male
White Male African- American
Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
15-24 8.3 2.7 * unreliable * *
25-34 37.7 9.8 15.7 6.3 * *
35-44 110.4 51.7 57.9 20.9 unreliable *
45-54 355.1 163.7 176.6 59.4 85.7 64.5
55-64 779.3 407.8 394.5 157.4 314.6 140.0
65-74 1,468.6 928.0 865.1 524.6 760.6 375.8
75-84 2,894.7 2,548.3 2,025.1 1,816.9 1,441.6 1,221.1
85+ 6,301.2 7,663.9 5,775.3 7,048.9 4,637.9 4,037.0Source: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics, unreliable = numerator less than 20, * indicates
suppressed data.
Cancer Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate per 100,000 all ages
Age African -American
Male
White Male African- American
Female
White Female Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
5-14 unreliable 2.7 unreliable unreliable * *
15-24 5.5 5.2 unreliable 3.9 * *
25-34 8.3 10.3 13.2 9.6 * *
35-44 45.6 30.1 48.7 39.8 unreliable unreliable
45-54 207.5 120.2 177.5 120.4 113.4 64.5
55-64 622.3 368.5 413.5 295.8 222.6 161.9
65-74 1,260.4 905.4 792.1 633.6 588.2 351.9
75-84 2142.3 1,752.5 1,218.8 1,072.9 1,197.6 586.7
85+ 3,172.2 2,619.4 1,564.8 1,513.3 1,790.1 unreliableSource: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics, unreliable = numerator less than 20, * indicates
suppressed data.
28
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cerebrovascular Disease Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate per 100,000 all ages
Age Afr. /Amer.Male
White Male Afr./Amer. Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
<1 years 7.5 2.8 5.6 2.2 2.5 2.4
1-4 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3
5-14 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
15-24 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.4
25-34 3.0 1.1 2.7 1.1 1.6 1.1
35-44 12.7 4.0 11.5 3.8 5.5 3.8
45-54 41.4 11.9 31.7 9.7 17.1 11.3
55-64 96.0 31.0 60.5 23.2 40.8 25.7
65-74 214.8 99.4 149.8 80.8 105.1 75.1
75-84 502.6 395.5 436.9 345.7 310.5 268.3
85+ 1,104.5 1,096.3 1,225.1 1,275.4 817.6 889.8Source: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics. unreliable= numerator less than 20, * indicates
suppressed data.
Diabetes Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate all ages per 100,000
Age Afr. /Amer.Male
White Male Afr. /Amer.Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
25-34 unreliable unreliable unreliable * * *
35-44 11.4 4.3 6.2 unreliable * *
45-54 25.1 11.2 17.2 6.2 * *
55-64 69.0 35.4 44.6 19.3 * *
65-74 137.2 78.7 115.6 58.9 unreliable unreliable
75-84 233.8 180.0 238.6 138.1 unreliable unreliable
85+ 383.3 356.4 468.7 266.5 * 266.5
29
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Chronic Lower Respiratory Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate per 100,000 all ages
Age Afr./ Amer. Male
White Male Afr./ Amer.Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
25-34 unreliable * unreliable * * *
35-44 unreliable 2.6 5.3 2.4 * *
45-54 16.3 8.2 15.6 8.9 * *
55-64 48.2 37.5 31.6 31.1 * *
65-74 137.2 144.3 106.2 129.8 * *
75-84 351.3 382.1 193.3 314.9 unreliable *
85+ 805.0 839.0 384.5 616.2 * *Source: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics. unreliable= numerator less than 20, * indicates
suppressed data.
According to County Rankings and Roadmaps 15% of the age adjusted population considered themselves
to be in poor or fair health, had an average of 3.3 poor physical health days a month, and 4.1 poor mental
health days per month. The county ranked 72nd out of 88 for quality of life (County Health Rankings,
2014). Death due to unintentional accident is also a leading cause of death in the county.
Accidental Death
Accident (unintentional) Related Deaths in Cuyahoga County for the years 1999-2013: Crude Rate per 100,000 all ages
Age Afr. /Amer.Male
White Male Afr./Amer. Female
White Female
Hispanic Male
Hispanic Female
<1 years 58.9 * unreliable * * *
1-4 13.5 unreliable unreliable * * *
5-14 7.2 3.0 unreliable unreliable * *
15-24 28.1 31.7 6.0 11.4 unreliable *
25-34 36.0 44.7 12.9 15.3 40.6 *
30
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Accident (unintentional) Related Deaths continued
35-44 50.4 49.0 16.8 15.6 59.8 *
45-54 78.8 60.4 30.1 22.7 74.6 *
55-64 90.6 42.0 30.1 14.3 unreliable *
65-74 68.3 41.7 20.6 23.9 * *
75-84 102.1 106.4 54.6 63.5 * *
85+ 177.3 295.1 120.5 168.1 * *Source: Data compiled using CDC Wonder online database National Center for Health Statistics, unreliable = numerator less than 20
Obesity a growing epidemic
Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Area Total Population of Adults 20+
Adults 20+ With BMI > 30
% of Adults With BMI > 30
Cuyahoga County 952,713 272,476 28.10%
Ohio 8,561,233 2,609,704 30.08%
USA 231,417,834 63,336,403 27.14%Source: Data for charts compiled using Community Commons health indicators report generator
Obesity Gender and Historical data
Area Total Males Obese
Total % of Males Obese
Total Females Obese
Total % of Females Obese
2004Obesity
Rate
2012 Obesity
RateCuyahoga
County 122,466 27.0% 150,010 29.00% 26.40% 28.10%
Ohio 1,271,375 30.4% 1,337,891 29.74% 25.67% 30.08%United States 31,423,437 27.7% 31,912,963 26.59% 23.07% 27.14%
Source: Data for charts compiled using Community Commons health indicators report generator.
31
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Food Security
Source:
Case Western Reserve Mandel School of Applied Science NEO-CANDO system, blue outline = City of Cleveland
Food insecurity is the economic and social condition of having limited or inadequate access to sufficient
food at least some of the time. Food security conditions in Cuyahoga County are worse than the State or
National level, and are at disturbing levels.
Food Security
Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Area Total Population Food Insecure Population
Food Insecure Population %
Cuyahoga County 1,278,024 238,530 18.66%
Ohio 11,544,255 1,982,170 17.17%
United States 313,281,717 49,943,940 15.94%Source: Data for chart compiled using Community Commons health indicators report generator.
32
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Food Environment
Food Environment Cuyahoga County Ohio USA
Number of fast-food establishments 1,060 8,931 224,877
Fast-food establishments per 100,000 82.8 77.4 71.97
Number of grocery stores 299 2,079 66,047
Grocery stores per 100,000 23.36 18.02 21.14
Low Income population with low food access 49,504 732,289 19,347,047
% of Low Income Pop. with low food access 3.87% 6.35% 6.27%
Population with low food access 258,506 2,880,993 72,905,540
% of population with low food access 20.19% 24.97% 23.61
SNAP authorized food store retailers 1,199 8,981 243,113
SNAP authorized per 100,000 of population 93.66 77.85 78.44
Number of WIC authorized stores 237 1,788 50,042
WIC authorized per 100,000 of population 18.66 15.4 15.6Source: Data for chart compiled using Community Commons health indicators report generator.
Food Behavior
Behavior Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Total Adults (18+) with inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption
759,459 6,869,511 171,972,118
% of Adults (18+) with inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption
76.7% 78.5% 75.67
Soda Expenditures as % of Total Household expenditures
Suppressed -State rank 82nd 4.51% 4.02%
% of food at home expenditures for Fruits and Vegetables
Suppressed-State rank 32nd 11.74% 12.68%
Source: Data compiled using Community Commons’ health indicator report
33
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Physical Activity Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Behavior Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Population with no leisure time physical activity 20+ years old 244,400 2,254,246 53,415,737
% of Population with no leisure time physical activity 20+ years old 24.7% 25.48% 22.64%
Females with no leisure time physical Activity 20+ years old 139,200 1,233,900 29,343,293
% of Females with no leisure time physical activity 20+ years old 26.1% 26.63% 23.94%
Males with no leisure time physical activity 20+ years old 105,200 1,020,030 24,071,561
% of Males with no leisure time physical activity 20+ years old 23.1% 24.13% 21.2%
Source: Data compiled using Community Commons’ health indicator report
Access to Healthcare
Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Total Uninsured Population 144,984 1,317,960
45,569,668
% of Population Uninsured 11.54% 11.59% 14.87%
Total Number Females Uninsured 64,372 597,389 21,069,298
% of Females Uninsured 9.75% 10.23% 13.43%
Total Number of Males Uninsured 80,612 750,578 24,500,364
% of Males Uninsured 13.51% 13.02% 16.38%
% Uninsured White 9.4% 10.73% 13.13%
% Uninsured African American 15.93% 16.04% 17.52%
% Population under 18 Uninsured 4.09% 5.69% 7.61%Source: Data compiled using Community Commons’ health indicator report
34
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Concentrations of population that lack health insurance.
Map created by Community Commons map building application.
35
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Number of Health Care Professionals
Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Healthcare Professionals Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Primary Care Physicians 1,407 8,642 233,862
Primary Care Physicians per 100,000 pop. 111.22 74.86 74.5
Dentists 1,191 6,626 199,743
Dentists per 100,000 pop. 94.29 57.26 63.18
Adults without a regular Doctor 172,030 1,624,401 52,290,932
% of Adults without a regular Doctor 19.52% 18.65% 22.07%
% Population living in a Health Professional Shortage Area 16.7% 12% 34.07%
Source: Data compiled using Community Commons’ health indicator report
County Health Rankings and Roadmaps rates Cuyahoga County 6th out of 88 counties for
clinical care. Eighty-three percent of residents enrolled in Medicare enrollees aged 65-75 partake in
regular diabetic monitoring, and sixty-five percent of female Medicare enrollees aged 67-69 regularly
receive a Mammography Exam. Cuyahoga County also has 445: 1 individual to mental health provider
ratio, easily bettering the 716: 1 average in the State of Ohio, but falling short of the 386: 1 ratio of the
Nation’s top performers (County Health Rankings, 2014).
36
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Environment
Source: Cuyahoga County Board of Health
Source: Cleveland.com. A Northeast Ohio Media Group
37
Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Air Quality Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Avg. Daily Particulate Matter 2.5 X above National Standard per year
12.36 11.80 10.65
% of Days Particulate Matter exceeds standards per year, Pop. adjusted
1.30% 0.75% 1.19%
Number of Day exceeding Ozone emission standards
1.24 1.16 1.59
% of Days exceeding Ozone Standards, Pop. adjusted
0.33% 0.31% 0.47%
Source: Data compiled using Community Commons’ health indicator report
Source: Obtained from Cleveland Plain Dealer online Northeast Ohio Media Group of map made by Smith Group JJR showing the eastside of Cuyahoga County and the existing park access problem there.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Violence and Crime Green= Better than U.S. and Oh avg. Orange= Better than Ohio avg. worse than U.S. avg. Red= worse than both avg.
Cuyahoga County Ohio United States
Violent Crimes 6,530 34,148 1,213,859
Violent Crimes per 100,000 of Pop. 559.75 312.8 395.5Source: County Health Rankings and Roadmaps
Source: Case Western Reserve Mandel School of Applied Social Science
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Source: Graphs obtained from Cuyahoga County Prosecutor benchmarks and data
Region 1: Cleveland, Lakewood, Rocky River, Bay Village, Westlake, North Olmsted, Olmsted Township, Olmsted Falls, Fairview Park, Brook Park, Middleburg Heights, Berea, Strongsville.
Region 2: Cleveland, Brecksville, Broadview Heights, Brooklyn, Brooklyn Heights, Cuyahoga Heights, Garfield Heights, Independence, Maple Heights, Newburgh Heights, North Royalton, Parma, Parma Heights, Seven Hills, Valley View, Walton Hills
Region 3: Cleveland, Bedford, Bedford Heights, Bentleyville, Chagrin Falls, Glenwillow, Highland Hills, Moreland Hills, North Randall, Oakwood, Orange, Solon, Warrensville Heights, Woodmere.
Region 4: Cleveland, Beachwood, Gates Mills, Highland Heights, Hunting Valley, Mayfield, Mayfield Heights, Pepper Pike, Richmond Heights, Shaker Heights, South Euclid, University Heights (Cuyahoga County Prosecutor, 2014).
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Source: graphs obtained from Cuyahoga County Prosecutor benchmarks and data, chart mislabeled as Region 3
Region 5: Cleveland, Bratenahl, Cleveland Heights, East Cleveland, Euclid
Map obtained from Cleveland.com
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cuyahoga County, Ohio Community Health Needs Assessment
Part IIIData Limitations, Opportunity and Prioritization, Resources,
Strengths and Weaknesses
Map obtained from Cuyahoga County Public Safety and Justice Services.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Data Limitations
The data used to compile the preceding charts and graphs is up to date, reliable, and widely
available. Much of the information is based on U.S. Census data using data derived from Population
Estimates, American Community Survey, Census of Population, State and County Population and
Housing estimates, County Business Patterns, Nonemployer Statistics, Economic Census, Survey of
Business Owners, and Building Permits (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014), Center for Disease Control and
Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics and Division of Behavioral Surveillence, Dartmouth
Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (County Health Rankings, 2014), (Center for Disease
Control and Prevention, 2015). Much of the data is an average over a wide area which fails to recognize
the unique challenges and limitations of the individual neighborhoods and cities that comprise the
Cuyahog County. Greater detail on how the data is concentrated is needed, and it is reccommended that
further GIS mapping be conducted in subsequent assements to help identify areas of critical need more
precisely. It is also reccommended that the individual demographic information of the cities that
comprise the county be broken down to the same level that the neighborhoods of Cleveland have been to
aid in more accurate comparisons to a more refined area. Though the data is reliable and from credible,
respected sources it lacks context, and is a snapshot of estimates from the recent past, not a real time
sharply focused picture. There is the possibility of bias in the method health indicators were chosen,
which may not necessarily reflect the true concerns of the community. Bias in health indicators chosen
may have also contributed in missing a significant yet limited health issue that could be affecting a
subgroup of the community not recognized in the data. The information does serve as a good benchmark
and comparison tool of other communities, counties, and states but the additional level of social/cultural,
economic, environmental, and political context must accompany the data to guard against
misinterpretation or out-of-context use of the information. The level of trust and cooperation from the
community also remains unknown and is not revealed by the data. Recent police shootings of citizens
such as Tamir Rice, a 12 year old African American boy (Shaffer, 2015), or unarmed African Americans
Timothy Russel and Malissa Williams (Lieszkovszky, 2015) may have greatly affected the level of trust,
willingness to participate and collaborate in many neighborhoods of concern. To gain better perspective
team members, especially (but not limited to) those unfamiliar with the area should take a predetermined
time period to experience the individual geographic and cultural areas on multiple levels (i.e. attending
council meetings, browse businesses, parks, and entertainment options, talk to community members and
advocates) to have a more tangibe and holistic understanding of the community, the challenges they face,
and resources available beyond what the data can provide.
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Opportunity
The following health topics have been identified by this Community Health Assessment that are in need
of improvement through intervention, policy change, and raising awareness. The Community Health
Assessment further indicates The City of Cleveland and the inner ring suburbs are areas of greatest
critical need and the health of the county as a whole may be best served by having initial focus on these
communities.
Poverty
Cardiovasucular disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Cancer
Diabetes
Respiratory disease
Accidental death/disability
Obesity
Food environment/behavior/security
Physical environment/behavior
Crime
Access to healthcare
Geriatrics
Mental Health
Substance abuse
The prioritization process for these health issues should be established by a predetermined
member work group that is comprised of the participating stakeholders. To make sure the process is as
democratic as possible, use of the National Association of County & City Health Officials guidelines for
Nominal Group Technique should be employed (NACCHO, 2011). This method is particular usefull in
the early phases of prioritization that helps to determine group structure, generate ideas, and allows all to
have equal say in the process (NACCHO, 2011). Step by step guidelines for this process can be found
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
here http://www.naccho.org/topics/infrastructure/accreditation/upload/Prioritization-Summaries-and-
Examples.pdf to facillitate the proper use of this process.
Available Resources
Cuyahoga County Board of Health
Cleveland Department of Health
Cleveland City Planning Commission
Cuyahoga County Prosecutors Office
Ohio Department of Health
Northeast Ohio Sewer District
Ohio Department of Treasury
Cleveland Clinc Foundation care network
University Hospitals care network
Case Western Reserve Mandell School of Applied Social Science
Cleveland State University Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs
Cleveland State University Howard A. Mims African American Cultural Center
Cleveland Restoration Society
Cuyahoga County Children and Family Services
The American Heart Association greater Cleveland chapter
American Cancer Society greater Cleveland chapter
National Alliance for the Mentally Ill, greater Cleveland chapter
Cleveland Food Bank
Northeast Ohio Sustainable Communities Consortium
Cuyahoga County Land Reutilization Corporation
The Urban Agriculture working group
The National Organization of Homebuilders Cuyahoga County chapter
The Environmental Protection Agency Cuyahoga County Office
Cleveland City Mission
Salvation Army
Regional Transit Authority
Cleveland Professional sport teams, Brown’s, Indians, Cavaliers charity foundations
Cleveland Metropark System
Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordination Agency
Green energy Ohio
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Central Community Food Co-op
Gund Foundation
Cleveland Public Art
Cleveland Industrial Retention Initiative
State of Ohio
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Various non-profit Religious and other Charitable Organizations in the area not mentioned
directly
Strengths and Weaknesses
Some of the areas’ greatest strengths are also some of the areas’ greatest weaknesses. The World
class medical facilities help to ensure adequate numbers of primary care officials in the area and world
class treatment, they can also foster a feeling of over-reliance on medical professionals to manage health
issues. The diverse population provides a large pool of far ranging experiences and cultural information
in which to draw, but also sets the stage for segregation and isolation to occur as each group views
differing community members as “the Other”. The large population supplies better opportunity for
revenue streams, larger pool of people to try and recruit from, and more advocacy groups, but the
potential for dissent on how to prioritize, implement, and fund intiatives and issues is also larger. The
large number of advocacy groups provide pathways to greater awareness, collaboration opportunities, and
more programs and initiatives to be implemented, but they also may lead to information overload and
volunteerism burnout or redundancy to occur wasting dollars that could be better spent elsewhere. The
good news is there are strong movements forward across the area, initiatives like the Heritage Home
Program that help homeowners with home improvement and maintenance for homes over 50 years old,
Cleveland Lakefront Development, Northeast Ohio Sustainable Communities Initiative, Bikeway Master
Plan, and others (Cleveland City Planning Commission, 2015) reveals there is a strong commitment to
improving the enviroment and health of the community. By further encouraging and identifying areas of
collaboration and community empowerment between Cuyahoga County and the City of Cleveland,
commitment and community awareness will continue to grow, and its citizens will have greater
opportunity to take greater ownership and control of their health.
Works Cited
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). CDC WONDER. Retrieved from Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Health Statistics, Underlying Cause of Death1999-2013, CDC Wonder online database, Data from the cause of death files: http://wonder.cdc.gov/
Cleveland City Planning. (2014). 2014 Neighborhood Fact Sheets. Retrieved from Cleveland City Planning Commission: http://planning.city.cleveland.oh.us/2010census/factsheets.php
Cleveland City Planning Commission. (2015). Current Activities. Retrieved from Cleveland City Planning Commission: http://planning.city.cleveland.oh.us/cpc.html
Community Commons. (2015). Community Health Needs Assessment Full Health Indicators Report. Retrieved from Community Commons, date accessed 4/3/15: http://assessment.communitycommons.org/CHNA/report.aspx?page=1&id=710
Community Tool Box. (2014). Chapter 1 section 3, Chapter 2 section 1-4, 6-10, 12-15. Retrieved from Work Group for Community Health and Development at the University of Kansas.: http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/overview/models-for-community-health-and-development
County Health Rankings. (2014). County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, Cuyahoga. Retrieved from County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, Building a Culture of Health County by County: http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/ohio/2014/rankings/cuyahoga/county/outcomes/overall/additional
Cuyahoga County Board of Health. (2014). Child and Family Health Services (CFHS) Community Health Indicators Project. Retrieved from Cuyahoga County Board of Health: http://www.ccbh.net/storage/child-and-family-health/CFHS%20Indicators%20Report_2014%20Update_FINAL.pdf
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor. (2014). Regional Crime Statistics. Retrieved from Cuyahoga County Office of the Prosecutor: http://prosecutor.cuyahogacounty.us/en-US/benchmarks-data.aspx
Health Improvement Partnership. (2013, March 21). Community Health Status Assessment of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Retrieved from Health Improvement Partnership: http://www.naccho.org/topics/infrastructure/accreditation/upload/full-chachipcombined-3-20-13.pdf
Lieszkovszky, I. (2015, April 10). Shot up vehicles and parking lot toured during trial of Cleveland Police officer Michael Brelo. Retrieved from Cleveland.com Northeast Ohio Media Group: http://www.cleveland.com/court-justice/index.ssf/2015/04/field_trip_to_shot-up_vehicles.html
Mandel School of Applied Social Science. (2009, September 22). NEO-CANDO updates: Social and Economic Data. Retrieved from Case Western Reserve University, Mandel School News and Events: http://blog.case.edu/msass/2009/09/22/neo_cando_updates_social_and_economic_data.html
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
NACCHO. (2011, October 18). First Things First: Prioritizing Health Problems. Retrieved from National Association of County and City Health Officials: http://www.naccho.org/topics/infrastructure/accreditation/upload/Prioritization-Summaries-and-Examples.pdf
Neighborhood Link. (2010). Cleveland Neighborhoods. Retrieved from Neighborhood Link: http://www.nhlink.net/maps/
NEOSCC. (2015). Population Decline, Northeast Ohio's population is spreading out. Retrieved from Northeast Ohio sustainable Communities Consortium: Northeast Ohio sustainable Communities Consortium
Northern Ohio Data & Information Service. (2012, August). Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs. Retrieved from Cleveland State University: http://urban.csuohio.edu/nodis/gis_CBMaps.html
Ohio Dept. of Health. (2015). Public Health Assessment and Wellness. Retrieved from Ohio Department of Health: http://ship.oh.networkofcare.org/ph/indicator.aspx?id=25&c=5
Robert Woods Foundation. (2014, May 12). County Health Rankings and Roadmaps. Retrieved from Robert Woods Foundation Web site, July 27 2014: http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/ohio/2014/overview
Shaffer, C. (2015, January 7). Extended Tamir Rice shooting video shows officers restrained sister. Retrieved from Cleveland.Com Northeast Ohio Media Group: http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2015/01/extended_tamir_rice_shooting_v.html
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). American Fact Finder. Retrieved from U.S. Department of Commerce United States Census Bureau: http://factfinder.census.gov/rest/dnldController/deliver?_ts=445011178441
U.S. Census Bureau. (2014). American Fact Finder. Retrieved from U.S. Department of Commerce United States Census Bureau: http://factfinder.census.gov/rest/dnldController/deliver?_ts=445011178441
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Community Health Assessment-Cuyahoga County, Ohio spring 2015
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